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1826 in literature

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{{Year nav topic5|1826|literature|poetry}}

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1826.

Events

  • Early months – Aftermath of the Decembrist revolt in the Russian Empire. Michael Lunin, though not involved in the Decembrist conspiracy, is arrested and deported to Siberia, which allows him to begin his work as a philosopher.{{Cite journal |last=Depretto |first=Catherine |title=Comptes rendus. Actualité du décembrisme: quelques travaux récents de N. Ja. Èjdel'man |journal=Revue des Études Slaves |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=901–903 |year=1987 }} Adam Mickiewicz, deported from Congress Poland for his involvement with Filaret Association, is moved from Taurida Governorate to Moscow. Here, he publishes his Sonety krymskie (The Crimean Sonnets). Later in the year, he befriends Russian writers, including Yevgeny Baratynsky, Mikhail Pogodin, Alexander Pushkin, and the Lyubomudry.{{Cite book |last=Miłosz |first=Czesław |author-link=Czesław Miłosz |title=The History of Polish Literature, Second Edition |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley etc. |year=1983 |pages=217–220 |isbn=0-520-04477-0}} Pushkin, himself returning from political exile, still writes poems discreetly honoring the Decembrists. They include Stansy (Stanzas), as well as odes to Nikolay Mordvinov and Ivan Pushchin.{{Cite book |last=Briggs |first=A. D. P. |title=Alexander Pushkin: A Critical Study |publisher=Croom Helm and Barnes & Noble |location=London etc. |year=1983 |pages=78–79 |isbn=0-389-20340-8}}
  • c. January – Japanese poet Kobayashi Issa, pained by his recent divorce, enters his final creative period with hokku expressing his solitude and, at times, nihilistic thoughts.{{Cite book |last=Ueda |first=Makoto |author-link=Makoto Ueda (poetry critic) |title=Dew on the Grass: The Life and Poetry of Kobayashi Issa |publisher=Brill |location=Leiden and Boston |year=2004 |pages=160–161 |isbn=90-04-13723-8 }}
  • January 15 – The French newspaper Le Figaro begins publication in Paris. In this first edition, it is a satirical weekly, reflecting the preoccupation of its two founders, Maurice Alhoy and Étienne Arago.{{Cite web |last=Erre |first=Fabrice |title=Le premier Figaro: un journal satirique atypique (1826–1834)|publisher=EIRIS: Equipe Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur l'Image Satirique |year=2006 |url=https://eiris.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=641:le-premier-figaro-1826-1834&catid=94&Itemid=170 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205033458/https://eiris.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=641:le-premier-figaro-1826-1834&catid=94&Itemid=170 |archive-date=2016-12-05 |language=fr }}
  • January 17 – The Ballantyne printing business in Edinburgh crashes, ruining Sir Walter Scott as a principal investor. He undertakes to repay his creditors from his writings, although his publisher Archibald Constable also fails. Distress caused by the events contributes to the illness afflicting Scott's wife, Lady Charlotte; she dies in May.{{Cite book |last=MacLeod |first=(Xavier) Donald |title=Life of Sir Walter Scott |url=https://archive.org/details/lifesirwaltersc00maclgoog |publisher=Charles Scribner |location=New York |year=1852 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/lifesirwaltersc00maclgoog/page/n243 233]–242 |oclc=28909365 }}
  • February 4 – In the Mexican Republic, lithographer Claudio Linati inaugurates El Iris, a "pocket sized" bi-weekly. It is in print until August 2, when its popularization of liberal ideas prompts the intervention of state censors; Linati leaves Mexico later in the year, probably for political reasons.{{Cite book |last=Charlot |first=Jean |author-link=Jean Charlot |title=Mexican Art and the Academy of San Carlos, 1785–1915 |publisher=Kingsport Press |location=Kingsport |year=1962 |pages=72–75 |oclc=946500784 }}
  • February 6
  • First printing of James Fenimore Cooper's The Last of the Mohicans. This is Cooper's first book under contract with Philadelphia publishers Mathew Carey and Isaac Lea, following Charles Wiley's near-bankruptcy and death.{{Cite book |title=The Leatherstocking Tales, Volume I |editor=Cooper, James Fenimore |editor-link=James Fenimore Cooper |chapter=Note on the Texts |publisher=Library of America |location=New York |year=1985 |page=1334 |isbn=0-940450-20-8 |chapter-url-access=registration |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/leatherstockingt01coop }} It endures as "the most popular novel of the 1820s."{{Cite book |last=Lemire |first=Elise |title="Miscegenation": Making Race in America |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |location=Pennsylvania |year=2002 |page=35 |isbn=0-8122-2064-1 }}
  • Charles L. Force brings printing to the Colony of Liberia and, ten days later, founds the bi-weekly Liberia Herald. Force dies later this year, but his publication is revived in 1830 by John Brown Russwurm.{{Cite book |last=Olukoju |first=Ayodeji |title=Culture and Customs of Liberia |url=https://archive.org/details/culturecustomsli00oluk |url-access=limited |publisher=Greenwood Press |location=Westport and London |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/culturecustomsli00oluk/page/n70 50] |isbn=0-313-33291-6 }}
  • February 16 (O. S.: February 4) – Hungarian Serbs gather at Pest to set up Matica srpska, a cultural society dedicated to promoting the works of Serb writers. It sponsors Georgije Magarašević's Serbski Letopis, which remains "one of Europe's oldest, regularly published journals."{{Cite journal |last=Ress |first=Imre |title= A szerb nemzeti kultúra pest-budai bölcsője: A Matica Srpska (Szerb Matica), 1826 |journal=Historia |volume=15 |issue=1–2 |pages=19, 20 |year=2010 }}
  • March – Aged eight, the future orator and memoirist Frederick Douglass is lent by his master to the Aulds of Fell's Point, Baltimore. He will remain their house servant, and later their regular slave, until 1838, when he escapes via the Underground Railroad.{{Cite book |last=Preston |first=Dickson J. |title=Young Frederick Douglass |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |location=Baltimore |year=2018 |pages=229–230 |isbn=978-1421425948 }}
  • April – Andrés Bello launches his London magazine Repertorio Americano, in which he publishes the final installment of his Las Silvas Americanas, known as Silva a la agricultura de la zona tórrida (Silva for Agriculture in the Torrid Zone).{{Cite journal |last=Zambrano Colmenares |first=Eduardo |title=Bello poète: entre l'éloge et l'offense |journal=América. Cahiers du CRICCAL |issue=41 |pages=124–125, 129 |year=2012 }} It is sometimes described as a final masterpiece of Neoclassicism in Latin American literature.{{Cite book |last1=Spicer-Escalante |first1=J. P. |last2=Anderson |first2=Lara |title=Au Naturel: (Re)Reading Hispanic Naturalism |editor1=Spicer-Escalante, J. P. |editor2=Anderson, Lara |chapter=Introduction |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |location=Newcastle upon Tyne |year=2010 |page=7 |isbn=9781443820677 }}
  • April 16 – Thomas Pringle, a founding figure of South African literature, embarks on his return trip to England. His stay in the Cape Colony leads him to join and publicize for the Anti-Slavery Society.{{Cite book |last=Conder |first=Josiah |author-link=Josiah Conder (editor and author) |title=A Biographical Sketch of the Late Thomas Pringle |publisher=Bradbury and Evans |location=London |year=1835 |pages=19–22 |oclc=558614749 }}
  • May 18 – At Buda, Habsburg Hungary, Wallachian intellectual Dinicu Golescu receives imprimatur for his Însemnare a călătoriei mele (Accounts of My Travels).{{Cite book |last=Anghelescu |first=Mircea |title=Scrieri |editor=Golescu, Dinicu |editor-link=Dinicu Golescu |chapter=Dinicu Golescu în vremea sa |publisher=Editura Minerva |location=Bucharest |year=1990 |page=xxiii |isbn=973210144X}} This pioneering travelog covers extensive trips in Central and Western Europe, which Golescu had begun in 1824. The author documents his own "amazed 'discovery' of the West [and] acceptance of his country's admitted inferiority."{{Cite book |last=Iordachi |first=Constantin |title=Regional and International Relations of Central Europe |editor1=Šabič, Zlatko |editor2=Drulák, Petr |chapter=The Quest for Central Europe: Symbolic Geographies and Historical Regions |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |location=New York |year=2012 |page=57 |isbn=978-1-349-34805-3}} As a "manifesto for the new culture" Însemnare promotes Wallachia's passage into the Age of Enlightenment. For the same purpose Golescu sponsors a school on his estate.{{Cite book |last=Chițimia |first=Ion C. |title=Istoria literaturii române. II: De la Școala Ardeleană la Junimea |editor1=Dima, Alexandru |editor2=Chițimia, Ion C. |editor3=Cornea, Paul |editor4=Todoran, Eugen |chapter=Cărturari și scriitori luminiști în Principate |publisher=Editura Academiei |location=Bucharest |year=1968 |pages=144–145}}
  • June – Despite having maintained links with the Decembrists, poet Alexander Griboyedov receives a "certificate of loyalism" from the Russian government.{{Cite journal |last=Corbet |first=Charles |title=Compte rendu. Jean Bonamour, A. S. Griboedov et la vie littéraire de son temps |journal=Revue des Études Slaves |volume=46 |issue=1–4 |pages=145–146 |year=1967 }}

File:DecembristsExecutionPlaque.jpg

  • July 25 (O.S.: July 13) – Five Decembrist leaders, including poet Kondraty Ryleyev, are hanged in Senate Square, Saint Petersburg. Pushkin's papers of the time include a drawing of five silhouettes on a scaffold, with the words: "Me too, I could be...".{{Cite journal |last=Troubetzkoy |first=Wladimir |title=Les Scènes dramatiques d'Aleksandr Puskin (1830) |journal=Littératures |issue=29 |page=108 |year=1993 }}
  • August 19 – Louis Christophe François Hachette purchases the Brédif bookshop on rue Pierre-Sarrazin, Paris. This becomes the first asset owned by the Hachette publishing company.{{Cite journal |last=Bouvier |first=Béatrice |title=Pour une histoire de l'architecture des librairies: le Quartier latin de 1793 à 1914 |journal=Livraisons d'Histoire de l'Architecture |volume=2 |page=14 |year=2001 |doi=10.3406/lha.2001.880 }}
  • September – The first issue of Lydia Maria Child's The Juvenile Miscellany, a magazine for children, is published in Boston. Becoming "so popular that children used to sit on their doorsteps waiting for the mail carrier to deliver it," it lasts until 1834.{{Cite book |last=Karcher |first=Carolyn L. |title=Hobomok and Other Writings on Indians |editor=Child, Lydia Maria |editor-link=Lydia Maria Child |chapter=Introduction |publisher=Rutgers University Press |location=New Brunswick and London |year=2004 |page=xii |isbn=0-8135-1163-1 }}
  • October – Tyrone Power gets his break as a principal Irish character actor at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London.{{Cite ODNB |first=Michael |last=MacDonagh |title=Power, (William Grattan) Tyrone (1797–1841) |year=2004 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22671 |accessdate=2012-11-12 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/22671}}
  • October 17 – Thomas Carlyle and Jane Welsh marry in Templand and setup home in Edinburgh.{{Cite book |title=The Carlyle Encyclopedia |editor1=Cumming, Mark |chapter=Carlyle, Jane Welsh; Templand |publisher=Fairleigh Dickinson University Press |location=Madison and Teaneck |year=2004 |pages=70, 462|isbn=0-8386-3792-2}}
  • Late months – First recorded usage of "Quixotism" in Greek (as Δονκιχωτισμός), in a letter from John Caradja to Alexandros Mavrokordatos.{{Cite journal |last=Angelou |first=Alkis |title='Δονκιχωτισμοί' και 'καραγκιοζιλίκια' |journal=Ο Ερανιστής |volume=20 |pages=83–96 |year=1995 }}
  • November
  • Hungarian philologist Sándor Kőrösi Csoma ends his stay at Teta, on the outskirts of Phugtal Monastery in Ladakh.{{Cite book |last=Hāṇḍā |first=O. C. (Omacanda) |title=Buddhist Western Himalaya. Part 1—A Politico-Religious History |publisher=Indus Publishing |location=New Delhi |year=2001 |page=65 |isbn=81-7387-124-8}}
  • The London Missionary Society sets up the first printing press in Madagascar (Merina Kingdom). It survives to 1836, being ultimately shut down for political reasons.{{Cite journal |last=Dorr |first=Laurence J. |title=The Antananarivo annual and Madagascar magazine (1875–1900) |journal=Huntia |volume=8 |issue=2 |page=168 |year=1992 }}
  • December – At Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, Henry Schoolcraft sets up a review called Literary Voyager, or Muzzeniegan. It includes poems and stories by his part-Ojibwe wife, Jane Johnston Schoolcraft, who thus becomes one of the first Native American literary professionals.{{Cite book |last=LaVonne Brown Ruoff |author-link=A. Lavonne Brown Ruoff |first=A. |title=Dictionary of Native American Literature |url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofnati00wige |url-access=registration |editor=Wiget, Andrew |chapter=Jane Johnston Schoolcraft [Obahbahmwawagezhegoqua] (1800—May 22, 1840) |publisher=Garland Publishing |location=New York and London |year=1994 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofnati00wige/page/279 279–281] |isbn=0-203-30624-4 }}
  • December 5 (O. S.: November 23) – From his boarding school in Nezhin, Chernigov Governorate, Nikolai Gogol writes home to his mother, describing a "radical new change" in his poetic style. Only two pieces he wrote during this period have survived for posterity.{{Cite book |last=Gippius |first=V. V. |title=Gogol |publisher=Duke University Press |location=Durham and London |year=1989 |pages=17–20 |isbn=0-8223-0907-6}}
  • c. December 25 – Edgar Allan Poe is forced to renounce his studies at the University of Virginia when his foster parent John Allan refuses to pay for his tuition.{{Cite book |last=Symons |first=Julian |author-link=Julian Symons |title=The Tell-Tale Heart: The Life and Works of Edgar Allan Poe |publisher=House of Stratus |location=Looe|orig-year=1978 |year=2014 |pages=28–29 |isbn=978-0-7551-4835-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8HmvDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA28}}
  • unknown dates
  • Almeida Garrett issues the poetry anthology Parnaso lusitano (Lusitanian Parnassus), which is both a milestone of Romanticism in Lusophone countries and a cause for debates regarding the emergence of a distinct Brazilian literature.{{Cite book |last=Sadlier |first=Darlene J. |title=Brazil Imagined: 1500 to the Present |url=https://archive.org/details/brazilimaginedto00sadl |url-access=limited |publisher=University of Texas Press |location=Austin |year=2008 |page=[https://archive.org/details/brazilimaginedto00sadl/page/n147 135] |isbn=978-0-292-71856-2}} The latter issue is also explored by French historian Jean-Ferdinand Denis, who includes an epilogue on "Brazil's literary history" to his Portuguese literature tract.{{Cite book |title=Oxford Anthology of the Brazilian Short Story |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordanthologyo00 |chapter-url-access=registration |chapter=Introduction |editor=Jackson, K. David |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford etc. |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordanthologyo00/page/15 15] |isbn=0-19-516759-7}}
  • Robert Morrison, missionary and Bible translator, returns from Malacca to England "with 10,000 Chinese books."{{Cite book |last=Lieber |first=Francis |author-link=Francis Lieber |title=Encyclopædia Americana: A Popular Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Vol. IX |title-link=Encyclopedia Americana |publisher=Thomas, Cowperthwait, & Co. |location=Philadelphia |year=1840 |page=53 |oclc=3424668}}
  • Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat, who puts out the Mélanges Asiatiques collection, publishes his translation of a Chinese classic: Iu-Kiao-Li, ou Les Deux Cousines.{{Cite book |last1=Chang |first1=Chun-shu |last2=Chang |first2=Shelley Hsueh-lun | title=Crisis and Transformation in Seventeenth-Century China |title-link=Crisis and Transformation in Seventeenth-Century China|publisher=University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor |year=1992 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780472085286/page/19 19], 35–36 |isbn=0-472-08528-X }}
  • Francesco Vella puts out a translation of Francesco Soave's Trattato elementare dei doveri dell'uomo (Trattat fuk l'Oblighi tal-Bniedem tal-Patri F. Soave), as a textbook for Gozo College Boys' Secondary School. It is one of the first prose works published in the Maltese language.{{Cite book |last=Brincat |first=Joseph M. |title=Maltese Linguistics: A Snapshot in Memory of Joseph A. Cremona (1922–2003) |editor=Fabri, Ray |chapter=Francesco Vella and the Standardization of Maltese |publisher=Brockmeyer Verlag |location=Bochum |year=2009 |page=9 |isbn=978-3-8196-0734-9 }}

New books

=Fiction=

=Children and young people=

  • Wilhelm Hauff – Märchen Almanach auf das Jahr 1826 (Almanac of Fairy Tales from the Year 1826)
  • Rosalia St. Clair – Obstinacy
  • Agnes Strickland
  • The Rival Crusoes, or, The Shipwreck
  • A Voyage to Norway
  • The Fisherman's Cottage: Founded on Facts
  • The Young Emigrant

=Drama=

=Poetry=

=Non-fiction=

File:Însemnare a călătoriei mele.png in the original Cyrillic print]]

Births

=January–March=

=April–June=

=July–September=

=October–December=

File:Via taddea, lapide a carlo lorenzini.JPG birthplace on Via Taddea, Florence]]

=Unknown dates=

  • David ben Shimon, Moroccan Jewish theologian (died 1879)
  • Thomas Chenery, Barbadian-born English scholar and editor (died 1884)
  • Wali Dewane, Kurdish-Ottoman poet (died 1881)
  • Liautaud Ethéart, Haitian playwright and essayist (died 1888)
  • Henry George Keene, English and Indian historian (died 1915)
  • Mary Eva Kelly, Irish-born Australian poet (died 1910){{cite book|author=Helen Maher|title=Galway Authors: A Contribution Towards a Biographical and Bibliographical Index, with an Essay on the History and Literature in Galway|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P1gaAAAAMAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Galway County Libraries|page=56|isbn=9780950559506}}
  • Manol Lazarov, Bulgarian essayist and poet (died 1881)
  • Bedros Magakyan, Ottoman-Armenian actor and theater director (died 1891)
  • Frank Marryat, English memoirist and travel writer (died 1855){{cite book|author1=Peter Wild|author2=Donald A. Barclay|author3=James H. Maguire|title=Different Travellers, Different Eyes: Artists' Narratives of the American West, 1820-1920|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bd2Th0T3_G0C&pg=PA93|year=2001|publisher=TCU Press|isbn=978-0-87565-242-9|pages=93}}
  • Augustus Mayhew, English journalist, humorist and theatrical producer (died 1875){{cite book|author=John Sutherland|title=The Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QzJ3yNVVqtUC&pg=PA424|year=1990|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=978-0-8047-1842-4|pages=424}}
  • Mishkín-Qalam, Persian calligrapher and Bahá'í mystic (died 1912)
  • Tasos Neroutsos, Greek-born historian and language reformer (died 1892)
  • John Sands, Scottish journalist, humorist and travel writer (died 1900)
  • M. A. Sherring, English ethnologist and historian (died 1880){{cite book|title=The Academy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pl88AQAAIAAJ|year=1880|publisher=J. Murray|page=153}}
  • Eliza Sproat Turner, American journalist and publisher (died 1903){{cite book|author=Eliza Sproat Turner|title=Out-of-door Rhymes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rWIoAAAAMAAJ|year=1903|publisher=J.B. Lippincott|page=10}}
  • Fyodor Stellovsky, Russian publisher and editor (died 1875)
  • Adèle Toussaint-Samson, French travel writer (died 1911){{cite book|author=June Edith Hahner|title=Women Through Women's Eyes: Latin American Women in Nineteenth-century Travel Accounts|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QMLBCKTBZWMC&pg=PA81|year=1998|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0-8420-2634-5|pages=81}}
  • Probable year of birth – Selim Aga, Sudanese-Liberian autobiographer and poet (died 1875)

Deaths

=January–June=

=July–December=

File:Thomas Jefferson's Grab.JPG, at Monticello]]

===Unknown dates===

  • Jacob ben Abraham Kahana, Lithuanian Jewish theologian (year of birth unknown){{cite book|author1=Isidore Singer|author2=Cyrus Adler|title=The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SzsyAQAAMAAJ|year=1906|publisher=Funk & Wagnalls Company|page=412}}
  • Menachem Mendel Lefin, Podolian Jewish theologian, translator and essayist (born 1749)
  • Caroline Lewenhaupt, Swedish courtier and poet (born 1754)
  • Mustafa Râkim, Ottoman calligrapher (born 1757){{cite book|author=Selçuk Mülayim|title=Turkish Art and Architecture in Anatolia & Mimar Sinan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gnJEAQAAIAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Akşit|isbn=978-975-7039-22-8|page=260}}
  • Léonard Tousez, French actor and playwright (born 1788)

References

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