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Abd Allah al-Mahd

{{Short description|8th-century Islamic scholar, theologian and hadith narrator}}

{{Infobox person

| name = ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan
{{lang|ar|عبد الله بن الحسن بن الحسن}}

| birth_place = Medina

| birth_date = 689 CE

| death_date = 762 CE

| death_place = Kufa or Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate {{small|(present-day Iraq)}}

| death_cause =

| burial_place =

| known_for =

| opponents =

| spouse = {{plainlist|

  • Hind bint Abi Ubayda
  • Atika bint Abd al-Malik ibn al-Harith
  • Qurayba bint Rukayh}}

| children = {{plainlist|

| father = Hasan al-Mu'thannā

| mother = Fatima bint al-Husayn

| relatives = {{plainlist|

}}

Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Hāshimī al-Qurashī ({{Langx|ar|أبو محمد عبد الله بن الحسن بن الحسن بن علي بن أبي طالب الهاشمي القرشي}}; {{Circa|689{{snd}}762}}, better known as ʿAbd Allāh al-Maḥḍ ({{Langx|ar|عبد الله المحض}}) and ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ({{langx|ar|عبد الله الكامل}}), was an Islamic scholar, theologian and hadith narrator, grandson of both Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali (the grandsons of the Islamic prophet Muhammad). His sons include Muhammad and Ibrahim, who rebelled against Abbasid rule, and Idris, who rebelled in the Maghreb and established the Idrisid dynasty.

Considered a martyr among the Shi'as, Abd Allah was imprisoned on the orders of Al-Mansur after he refused to reveal the hiding place of his sons, and was assassinated three years later while in prison. His tomb in the city of al-Shinafiyah, Iraq, is today the famous shrine of Abd Allah Abu Najm.

Life

Abd Allah was born in Medina {{Circa|689}}. His father was Hasan al-Muthanna and his mother Fatima bint al-Husayn, both Ali's grandchildren.Al-Baladhuri, Ansab Al-Ashraf, vol. 2, page. 198.Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Fighter of the Talibis, p.168 Abd Allah was the first child of the couple and was raised by his maternal uncle Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin,Al-Amiri, Bahjat al-Mahafil, vol.2, p. 8Al-Atardi, Musnad al-Imam al-Sadiq, vol.22, p.630. who took charge of his education and instructed him theologically.Al-Mufid, Al-Irshad, Part 2, p. 140 According to the narrations of Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Abd Allah had a great temper, aspired to exert control over Banu Hashim, and challenged Umar II. According to other Shi'a accounts, Abd Allah came to claim the imamate for himself and issued fatwas contrary to the imams.Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Fighter of the Talibis, p.167Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Fighter of the Talibis, p.170Al-Kulayni, Al-Kafi, Part 1, p. 349Al-Khoei, Lexicon of Rijal Al-Hadith, vol. 11, p. 173

After the Abbasids took control of the government, Abd Allah's sons refused to recognize the new authority, sparking a crackdown on them and their followers. The Abbasids pressured Abd Allah to show them his hideout, but he refused.Ibn al-Jawzi, al-Muntazam, vol 8, p. 90 The first caliph al-Saffah treated Abd Allah with respect and left him alone, but nevertheless when al-Mansur came to power he imprisoned Abd Allah accusing him of being an accomplice to the rebellion by refusing to collaborate in the capture of his sons, for which remained in jail for three years.Al-Shami, Al-Durr Al-Nazim, p. 520

Some sources mention that Abd Allah was assassinated on the orders of al-Mansur in al-Hashimiyya prison, near Kufa in 762.Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Fighter of the Talibis, p. 171Ibn al-Atheer, Al-Kamil in History, vol. 5, pp. 526-527. Ibn al-Jawzi claimed that his death was on the day of al-Adha.Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, Tadhkirat al-Khawas, p. 207 Abd Allah has a major shrine in Al-Qadisiyah, 9 kilometres west of the city of al-Shinafiyah and 70 kilometres south of the city of Najaf.{{cite web | url=http://burathanews.com/arabic/news/50715 | title=محافظ النجف الاشرف يزور مرقد (عبد الله ابو نجم) (رض) ويتابع مع سدنته مشاريع الاعمار والتاهيل | date=4 October 2008 }} In Cairo, there is also a shrine to Abd Allah al-Mahd.

= Children =

Abd Allah al-Mahd's sons are famous for their roles in the revolutions of the time, among them Muhammad who rebelled against the Abbasids in Medina, which led to his death along with many of his followers.Al-Tabari, History of the Prophets and Kings, vol. 7, p. 590 Ibrahim promoted a revolution in Basra after the murder of his brother and was supported by many Zaydis and Mu'tazilas.Al-Sabri, History of Islamic Difference, Part 2, p. 72 The revolution was unsuccessful and Ibrahim and many of his supporters were massacred in the Bakhmra region in an incident known as the Bakhmra martyrdom. Abd Allah al-Mahd's other sons, Idris, Yahya and Sulayman, participated in the revolution. Idris survived the battle and went to Morocco where he established the first Sharifian state. Yahya went to Persia and resided in DaylamAbu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Fighter of the Talibis, pp. 390-433. where he attempted to recruit people for a new rebellion against the Abbasid state, but was defeated and imprisoned by order of Harun, dying of hunger, thirst or having been buried alive around 803.

Ancestry

{{ahnentafel

|collapsed=yes |align=center

|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;

|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;

|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;

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|1= 1. Abd Allah al-Kamil{{cite book |last1=Elad |first1=Amikam |title= The Rebellion of Muhammad Al-Nafs Al-Zakiyya in 145/762: Talibis and Early Abbsis in Conflict

|year=2015 |page=2}}

|2= 2. Hasan al-Muthanna{{cite book |last1=Ibn Sa'd |first1=Muḥammad |last2=Bewley |first2=Aisha |author-link1= Ibn Sa'd|title= The Men of Madina, Volume 2

|year=2000 |page=197}}

|3= 3. Fatima bint Husayn

|4= 4. Hasan ibn Ali

|5= 5. Khawla bint Manzur

|6= 6. Husayn ibn Ali

|7= 7. Umm Ishaq bint Talha

|8= 8. Ali ibn Abi Talib (=12)

|9= 9. Fatima bint Muhammad{{cite book |first1=Linda S. |last1=Walbridge |title= The Most Learned of the Shi'a: The Institution of the Marja' Taqlid

|year=2001 |page=102 |isbn=9780195343939 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_FVf4V4aXWgC&pg=PA102 }} (=13)

|10= 10. Manzur ibn Zaban{{cite book |last1=van Gelder|first1=Geert|author-link= Geert Jan van Gelder|title= Close Relationships: Incest and Inbreeding in Classical Arabic Literature

|year=2005 |page=19 |isbn=9781850438557|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SsAGdWNZt6MC&pg=PA19 }}

|11= 11. Mulayka bint Sinan

|12= 12. Ali ibn Abi Talib (=8)

|13= 13. Fatima bint Muhammad (=9)

|14= 14. Talha ibn Ubayd Allah{{cite book |last1=Al-Tabari |first1=Muhammad ibn Jarir |last2=Williams |first2=John Alden |author-link1= Al-Tabari |title= The History of al-Tabari, Volume XXVIII: Abbasid Authority Affirmed

|year=1995 |page=95 |url=https://archive.org/stream/LEKJHFNM/28%20The%20Early%20Years%20of%20al-Mansur%20A.H.%20136-145%20Vol.28#page/n121/mode/2up }}

|15= 15. al-Jarba bint Qasama

}}

class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" border="1" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"

!The genealogy of the Abbasids including their rival Zaydi imams

{{Chart top|width=100%|collapsed=no|Abbasids}}

{

style="vertical-align:top"

| colspan=100% style="text-align:left" |

{{Color sample|border=black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px}} Caliphs of the Abbasid Caliphate

{{Color sample|border=yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px}} Caliphs of Cairo

{{Color sample|border=Cyan; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px}} Zaydi imams

{{Tree chart/start|align=center|style=font-size:100%

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01

|A01=ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib
ibn ʿHāshīm

|boxstyle_A01=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color:#E5E5E5; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|.|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | |A03| | | | | | | |A02| |A01

|A01=ʿAbd Allāh ibn
ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib

|boxstyle_A01=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color: HoneyDew; border-width:2px

|A02=Abū'l-Fādl
al-ʿAbbās ibn
ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib

|boxstyle_A02=color:Gray; background-color:#E0E0E0; border-width:1px

|A03=ʾAbū Ṭālib
ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib

|boxstyle_A03=color:Turquoise; background-color: HoneyDew; border-width:2px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | |!| | | | | | | | | |!| | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | |A03|-|-|-|-|.| | |A02| |A01

|A01=Khātam
al-Nabiyyin
Abū'l-Qāsīm
Muḥammad
ibn ʿAbd Allāh

|boxstyle_A01=color:DarkGreen; background-color:Aquamarine; border-width:4px

|A02=Hibr al-Ummah
ʿAbd Allāh
ibn al-ʿAbbās

|boxstyle_A02=color:Gray; background-color:LightGray; border-width:1px

|A03=ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā
{{Sup|(1st Imām of Kaysāniyyā, Zaydīyyā, Imāmiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:DarkTurquoise; background-color:Cyan; border-width:4px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A04| |A02| |A03| |A01|-|-|.|

|A01=ʿAlī ibn
ʿAbd Allāh
al-Sajjad

|boxstyle_A01=color:Gray; background-color:LightGray; border-width:2px

|A03=Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad
al-Hānafīyya
{{Sup|(4th Imām of Kaysāniyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Gray; background-color: PowderBlue; border-width:4px

|A02=Hussayn ibn Ali
{{Sup|(3rd Imām of Kaysāniyyā, Zaydīyyā, Imāmiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Aqua; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

|A04=Al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā
{{Sup|(2nd Imām of Kaysāniyyā, Zaydīyyā, Imāmiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A04=color: Turquoise; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | |!| | | |!| |F|7|,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A05| |A06| |A04|J|A01| |A02| |A03

|A01=Muḥammad
"al-Imām"
{{Sup|(6th Imām of Hāsheemīyyā)}}
{{Small|716/7 - 743}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Gray; background-color:LightGray; border-width:4px

|A02={{Sup|(The Governors)}} {{plainlist|

}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:GhostWhite; border-width:1px

|A03={{Sup|(The Governors)}} {{plainlist|

}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:GhostWhite; border-width:1px

|A04=Abū Hāshīm
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad
{{Sup|(5th Imām of Hāsheemīyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A04=color:Gray; background-color:Lavender; border-width:4px

|A06=Ali al-Sajjad
(Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn)
{{Sup|(4th Imām of Zaydiyyā, Imāmiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A06=color:Aqua; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

|A05=Al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā
{{Sup|(5th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A05=color: Turquoise; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |)|-|-|-|t|-|.| |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.|

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{{Tree chart|border=1|A04| |A06|:|A03| |A01| |A02| |A05

|A03=Ibrāhim (Ebrāheem)
"al-Imām"
{{Sup|(7th Imām of Hāsheemīyyā)}}
{{Small|743 - 749}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Gray; background-color:LightGray; border-width:4px

|A04=ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā

|boxstyle_A04=color: Turquoise; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

|A01=Abū Jāʿfar
ʿAbd Allāh
al-Mānṣūr
{{Sup|(2)}}
{{Small|r. 754–775}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Abū'l-ʿAbbās
ʿAbd Allāh
as-Saffāh
{{Sup|(1)}}
{{Small|r. 750–754}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A05=Mūsā ibn Muḥammad "al-Imām"

|boxstyle_A05=color:Black; background-color:TrafficWhite; border-width:1px

|A06=Zayd ibn Ali
{{Sup|(6th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A06=color:Aqua; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |)|-|.| |!| |!| |:| | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | |!|

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{{Tree chart|border=1|A02|!|A06|:|A04| |A01| |A03| |A05

|A02=Nafsū'zZakiyya
{{Sup|(First elected caliph by Ibrāhim, Mānṣūr, Saffāh, Imām Mālīk & Abū Ḥanīfa)}}
{{Sup|(8th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:DarkBlue; background-color:Turquoise; border-width:4px

|A01=Muḥammad
al-Mahdī
{{Sup|(3)}}
{{Small|r. 775–785}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A03=Jāʿfar
{{Sup|(Wali al-Ahd & Governor of Mosul)}}
{{Small|762–764}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px

|A04=Abū Muslīm al-Khurāsānī
{{Sup|(Governor of Khurasan)}}
{{Small|748–755}}

|boxstyle_A04=color:DarkTurquoise; background-color:MintCream; border-width:1px

|A05=ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā
{{Sup|(Governor of Kufa)}}
{{Small|750–765}}

|boxstyle_A05=color:Black; background-color:GhostWhite; border-width:1px

|A06=Yahya ibn Zayd
{{Sup|(7th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A06=color:Aqua; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| |)|-|.| |`|-|.| | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A04|!|A03|:|A05| |A02| |A01| |A06

|A04=ʿAbd Allāh
Shāh Ghāzī
(ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad)
{{Sup|(10th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A04=color:DarkBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

|A05=Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-ʿĀbid ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thallath
Hasan ibn Hasan
{{Sup|(12th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A05=color: Aquamarine; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

|A03=Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā
{{Sup|ibn Ḥasan al-Mujtabā}}
{{Sup|(9th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A03=color: Turquoise; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

|A01=ʿMūsā
al-Hādī
{{Sup|(4)}}
{{Small|r. 785–786}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Hārūn
ar-Rāshīd
{{Sup|(5)}}
{{Small|r. 786–809}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A06={{Sup|(The Governors)}} {{plainlist|

|boxstyle_A06=color:Black; background-color:GhostWhite; border-width:1px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|+|-|.| |`|~|.| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A05|!|A04| |A06| |A03| |A02| |A01

|A06=Ibrāhīm Ṭabāṭabā
{{Sup|ibn Ismāʿīl al-Dībādj ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ghamr ibn
al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā}}

|boxstyle_A06=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

|A01=Muḥammad
al-Amin
{{Sup|(6)}}
{{Small|r. 809–813}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Abd Allāh
al-Ma'mun
{{Sup|(7)}}
{{Small|r. 813–833}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A03=Muḥammad
al-Mu'tasim
{{Sup|(8)}}
{{Small|r. 833–842}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A04=Yaḥyā
{{Sup|ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā}}
{{Sup|(14th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A04=color: Turquoise; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

|A05=Sulaymān
{{Sup|ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan II}}
{{Sup|(Emir of Tlemcen)}}
{{Sup|(Sulaymanid dynasty of Western Algeria)}}

|boxstyle_A05=color: CornFlowerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | |)|-|.| |,|-|(| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A04|G|A05|!|A06| |A02| |A03| |A01

|A01=Hārūn
al-Wathiq
{{Sup|(9)}}
{{Small|r. 842–847}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Jāʿfar al-Mutawakkil
{{Sup|(10)}}
{{Small|r. 847–861}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A03=Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad
al-Mu'tasim

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px

|A05=Idrīs the Elder ibn ʿAbd Allāh
{{Sup|(Idrisid dynasty of Morocco)}}
{{Sup|(15th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A05=color:RoyalBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

|A06=Muḥammad ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā
{{Sup|(16th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A06=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

|A04=Sūlaymān
{{Sup|ibn ʿAbd Allāh as-Sālih ibn Mūsā al-Jawn ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā}}

|boxstyle_A04=color: MediumBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | |:| |!| |!| |,|-|v|-|+|-|.| |!| | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A02|G|A01|!|A03|!|A04|!|A05| |A06|

|A01=Idrīs ibn Idrīs
{{Sup|(2nd Zaydī Imām of Idrisids in Morocco)}}

|boxstyle_A01=color: RoyalBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

|A05=Aḥmad
al-Musta'in
{{Sup|(12)}}
{{Small|r. 862–866}}

|boxstyle_A05=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A04=Ṭalḥa al-Muwaffaq
{{Sup|(Regent)}}
{{Small|870–891}}

|boxstyle_A04=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:2px

|A03=Muḥammad
al-Muntasir
{{Sup|(11)}}
{{Small|r. 861–862}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Mūsā II
{{Sup|ibn ʿAbd Allāh as-Sâlih ibn Mūsā al-Jawn ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl}}

|boxstyle_A02=color: DarkBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

|A06=Muḥammad
al-Muhtadi
{{Sup|(14)}}
{{Small|r. 869–870}}

|boxstyle_A06=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|(| |,|-|'| |,|-|'| |!| |`|-|v|-|-|-|.|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A04|!|A06| |A03| |A01| |A02| |A05|

|A01=Aḥmad
al-Mu'tadid
{{Sup|(16)}}
{{Small|r. 892–902}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Muḥammad
al-Mu'tazz
{{Sup|(13)}}
{{Small|r. 866–869}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A03=Ibrahim al-Mu'ayyad
{{Sup|(Wali al-Ahd & Governor of Syria)}}
{{Small|850–861}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px

|A04=Ismāʿīl ibn Yūsūf
Al-Ukhayḍhir
{{Sup|ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Mūsā al-Jawn ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā}}

|boxstyle_A04=color:Navy; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

|A05=Aḥmad
al-Mu'tamid
{{Sup|(15)}}
{{Small|r. 870–892}}

|boxstyle_A05=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A06=Al-Qāsīm
ar-Rassī ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā
{{Sup|(19th Imām of Zaydiyyā)}}

|boxstyle_A06=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|'| |:| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A05| |A06|,|A01| |A02| |A03| |A04

|A01=ʿAlī
al-Muktafī
{{Sup|(17)}}
{{Small|r. 902–908}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Jāʿfar
al-Muqtadir
{{Sup|(18)}}
{{Small|r. 908–929,
929–932}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A03=Muḥammad
al-Qāhir
{{Sup|(19)}}
{{Small|r. 929, 932–934}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A04=Jāʿfar al-Mufawwid
{{Sup|(Wali al-Ahd)}}
{{Small|875–892}}

|boxstyle_A04=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px

|A05=Muḥammad ibn Yūsūf
Al-Ukhayḍhir
{{Sup|(1st Zaydī Imām of Ukhaydhirites in Najd and Al-Yamama)}}

|boxstyle_A05=color:Navy; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

|A06={{Sup|Abūʾl-Ḥusayn
Al-Hādī ilāʾl-Ḥaqq}}
Yaḥyā ibn
al-Ḥusayn
{{Sup|(1st Zaydī Imām of Rassids in Yemen)}}

|boxstyle_A06=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | |,|-|'| |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | |

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A06| |A01| |A04| |A05| |A03| |A02

|A01=ʿAbd Allāh
al-Mustakfī
{{Sup|(22)}}
{{Small|r. 944–946}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Ībrāhīm
al-Muttaqī
{{Sup|(21)}}
{{Small|r. 940–944}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A03=Muḥammad
al-Rādī
{{Sup|(20)}}
{{Small|r. 934–940}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A04=Al-Faḍl
al-Mutīʿ
{{Sup|(23)}}
{{Small|r. 946–974}}

|boxstyle_A04=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A05=Ishāq ibn Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir

|boxstyle_A05=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px

|A06=Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib

|boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | | | | | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | | |

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A06| |A03| |A04| |A02| | | | | |

|A04=ʿAbd al-Karīm
al-Ṭāʾiʿ
{{Sup|(24)}}
{{Small|r. 974–991}}

|boxstyle_A04=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Aḥmad
al-Qāʿdīr
{{Sup|(25)}}
{{Small|r. 991–1031}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A03=ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ibn al-Ḥusayn

|boxstyle_A03=color: DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

|A06=Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā

|boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | |!| | | | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A06| |A03| |A02| |A01|A01=ʿAbd Allāh
al-Qāʿīm
{{Sup|(26)}}
{{Small|r. 1031–1075}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=Al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn

|boxstyle_A02=color: SteelBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

|A03=ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn

|boxstyle_A03=color:DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

|A06=Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā

|boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A06| |A03| |A02| |A01

|A01=Muḥammad Dhakīrat ad-Dīn
{{Sup|(Wali al-Ahd)}}
{{Small|1039–1056}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px

|A02=Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd

|boxstyle_A02=color: SteelBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

|A03=Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf

|boxstyle_A03=color:DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

|A06=Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd

|boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A06|.|A03|.|A02| |A01

|A01=ʿAbd Allāh
al-Mūqtādī
{{Sup|(27)}}
{{Small|r. 1075–1094}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02=ʿUmar ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a

|boxstyle_A02=color: SteelBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

|A03=ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf

|boxstyle_A03=color:DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

|A06=Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan

|boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|^|-|.| |!| |!| | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A04|F|A02|!|A03|,|A01

|A01=Aḥmad
al-Mūstāzhīr
{{Sup|(28)}}
{{Small|r. 1094–1118}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02={{Sup|Al-Dāʿī al-Ṣaghīr}}
Muhammad ibn Zayd
{{Sup|(2nd Zaydī Imām of Zaydīds in Tabaristan)}}

|boxstyle_A02=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

|A04={{Sup|Al-Dāʿī al-Kabīr}}
Hasan ibn Zayd
{{Sup|(1st Zaydī Imām of Zaydīds in Tabaristan)}}

|boxstyle_A04=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

|A03=Yaḥyā ibn ʿUmar
{{Sup|(20th Imām of Zaydiyyā in Samarra)}}

|boxstyle_A03=color: SteelBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |L|~|J| | | |!| |,|-|'| |!| | |

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A02|!|,|-|A01

|A01=Al-Faḍl al-Mūstārshīd
{{Sup|(29)}}
{{Small|r. 1118–1135}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A02={{Sup|Al-Nāṣir liʾl-Ḥāqq}}
Hasan al-Utrush
{{Sup|(3rd Zaydī Imām of Zaydīds in Tabaristan)}}

|boxstyle_A02=color: DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |,|-|'|!| | |!| | |

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| |A01| |!|

|A01=Al-Mānṣūr
al-Rāshīd
{{Sup|(30)}}
{{Small|r. 1135–1136}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A03| | | |A02

|A02=Alī ibn al-Faḍl
al-Qabī

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:Snow; border-width:1px

|A03=Muḥammad
al-Mūqtāfī
{{Sup|(31)}}
{{Small|r. 1136–1160}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A02| | | |A01

|A01=al-Hāsān
ibn Alī

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:Snow; border-width:1px

|A02=Yūsuf
al-Mūstānjīd
{{Sup|(32)}}
{{Small|r. 1160–1170}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A02| | | |A01

|A01=Abū Bakr
ibn al-Hāsān

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:Snow; border-width:1px

|A02=Al-Hāssān
al-Mūstādī'
{{Sup|(33)}}
{{Small|r. 1170–1180}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A02| | | |A01

|A01= Abi 'Alī al-Hāsān ibn Abū Bakr

|boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:Snow; border-width:1px

|A02=Aḥmad
al-Nāsīr
{{Sup|(34)}}
{{Small|r. 1180–1225}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A02| |A03|!|

|A02=Muḥammad
az-Zāhīr
{{Sup|(35)}}
{{Small|r. 1225–1226}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A03=Malīka'zZāhīr Rūkn ad-Dīn Baybars
{{Sup|(Mamluk Sultanate Sultan of Egypt)}}
{{Small|r. 1260–1277}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:DarkGoldenRod; background-color:Khaki; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | |,|-|^|-|.|:| |:|!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | |A02| |A03| |A01

|A01=Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad
al-Hakim I
{{Sup|(2)}}
{{Small|r. 1262–1302}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A02=Al-Mānsūr
al-Mūstānsīr
{{Sup|(36)}}
{{Small|r. 1226–1242}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

|A03=Abū'l-Qāsim Aḥmad
al-Mūstānsīr
{{Sup|(1)}}
{{Small|r. 1261}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | |!| | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|-|-|.|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | |A03| | | | | |A02| | | |A01

|A02=Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān
al-Mustakfī I
{{Sup|(3)}}
{{Small|r. 1302–1340}}| boxstyle_A02=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A01=Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad
al-Ḥākim bi-amr Allāh

|boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:GoldenRod;border-width:2px

|A03=ʿAbd Allāh
al-Mūstā'sīm
{{Sup|(37)}}
{{Small|r. 1242–1258}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|(| | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A01| | | |A02| | | |A03

|A01=Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad
al-Hakim II
{{Sup|(5)}}
{{Small|r. 1341–1352}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A02=Abū'l-Fatḥ Abū Bakr
al-Mu'tadid I
{{Sup|(6)}}
{{Small|r. 1352–1362}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A03=Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm
al-Wāṯiq I
{{Sup|(4)}}
{{Small|r. 1340–1341}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |A01| |A02| |A03

|A01=Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad
al-Mutawakkil I
{{Sup|(7)}}
{{Small|r. 1362–1377,
1377–1383,
1389–1406}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A02=Abū Yāḥyā Zakariyāʾ
al-Musta'sim
{{Sup|(8)}}
{{Small|r. 1377,
1386–1389}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A03=Abū Ḥafs ʿUmar
al-Wāṯiq II
{{Sup|(9)}}
{{Small|r. 1383–1386}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|A01| |A02| |A03| |A06| |A04| |A05|A01=Abū'l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās
al-Musta'īn
{{Sup|(10)}}
{{Small|r. 1406–1414
Sultan of Egypt
r. 1412}}

|boxstyle_A05=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A02=Abū'l-Fatḥ Dāwud
al-Mu'tadīd II
{{Sup|(11)}}
{{Small|r. 1414–1441}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A03=Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān
al-Mustakfī II
{{Sup|(12)}}
{{Small|r. 1441–1451}}

|boxstyle_A02=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A04=Abū'l-Baqāʾ Ḥamza
al-Qāʾim
{{Sup|(13)}}
{{Small|r. 1451–1455}}

|boxstyle_A03=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A05=Abū'l-Maḥāsin Yūsuf
al-Mustanjid
{{Sup|(14)}}
{{Small|r. 1455–1479}}

|boxstyle_A04=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

|A06=Yaʿqūb ibn Muḥammad
al-Mutawakkil ʿalā'Llāh

|boxstyle_A06=color:yellow; background-color:GoldenRod; border-width:2px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |A01

|A01=Abū'l-ʿIzz ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz
al-Mutawakkil II
{{Sup|(15)}}
{{Small|r. 1479–1497}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |A01

|A01=Abū'ṣ-Ṣabr Yaʿqūb
al-Mustamsik
{{Sup|(16)}}
{{Small|r. 1497–1508,
1516–1517}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!|

}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |A01

|A01=Muḥammad
al-Mutawakkil III
{{Sup|(17)}}
{{Small|r. 1508–1516,
1517}}

|boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px

}}

{{Tree chart/end

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{{Chart bottom}}

|}

Abd Allah and the revolution

According to some sources, Abd Allah disagreed with Zayd's rebellion against the Umayyads, warning Zayd before his revolution in Kufa that he should not be fooled by the promises of the Kufans. After Zayd's death, he became convinced of the need to end Umayyad rule by force, so he prepared his sons for the revolution.Al-Sabri, History of Islamic Fiqh, Part 2, p. 70.

According to what was related by Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, some of Banu Hashim did not agree with him and told him: "Do not do that, because the time has not yet come. If you see that this son of yours is the Mahdi, then he is not with him and this is not his time." It was mentioned in the sources that the imam told Abd Allah that the caliphate would belong to al-Saffah and his brothers, and that Abd Allah and his sons would not have a share in it.

Abd Allah al-Mahd was imprisoned during the caliphate of al-Mansur, the second Abbasid caliph, for not revealing the hiding place of his son Muhammad. He stayed in prison for three years after that. Al-Mansur met him in his cell during the season of Hajj in 757, and asked him again to reveal his son's hiding place in exchange for his freedom, but he refused once more.Ibn al-Jawzi, al-Muntazim, part 8, pg. 90

References

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Allah al-Mahd, Abd}}

Category:690 births

Category:762 deaths

Category:People from Medina

Category:Family of Muhammad

Category:8th-century Arab people

Category:Arab Muslims

Category:Assassinated Shia imams

Category:Muslim martyrs

Category:Hasanids

Category:Idrisid dynasty