Alberto Ascari#Death

Born in Milan, Alberto Ascari was the son of Antonio Ascari, a talented Grand Prix motor racing star in the 1920s, racing Alfa Romeos.{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprixhistory.org/antonio_bio.htm|title=Grand Prix History – Antonio Ascari|website=GrandPrixHistory.org|date=10 August 2009|access-date=6 April 2016}} A fortnight before Ascari's seventh birthday, his father was killed while leading the 1925 French Grand Prix at the Autodrome de Linas-Montlhéry;{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprixhistory.org/ascari_bio.htm|title=Alberto Ascari – Biography|website=Grand Prix History|date=10 August 2008|access-date=6 April 2016}} the younger Ascari had an interest in racing in spite of this, and later came to dominate Grand Prix racing like no other before him. Such was his passion to become a racing driver like his father that he ran away from school twice, and sold his school books to finance his racing.{{Cite web |last=Pieroni |first=Emanuele |date=2021-05-27 |title=La morte di Ascari e la leggenda della promessa tradita (che non sapevi) |url=https://mowmag.com/culture/la-morte-di-ascari-e-la-leggenda-della-promessa-tradita-che-non-sapevi |access-date=2024-02-19 |website=MOW |language=it}} Ascari raced motorcycles in his earlier years. At the age of 19 he was signed to ride for the Bianchi team.{{Cite web|url=https://www.formula1.com/en/drivers/hall-of-fame/Alberto_Ascari.html|title=Alberto Ascari | Formula 1®|website=Formula 1|date=2018|access-date=2024-02-17}} In 1940, after he entered the prestigious Mille Miglia in an Auto Avio Costruzioni 815 supplied by his father's close friend Enzo Ferrari, Ascari eventually started racing on four wheels regularly. In an interview, he famously said: "I only obey one passion, racing. I wouldn't know how to live without it."

In 1940, Ascari married a local girl. When Italy entered World War II, the family garage, by now run by Ascari, was conscripted to service and maintain vehicles of the Italian military. During this period, he and his partner fellow racing driver Luigi Villoresi established a lucrative transport business, supplying fuel to army depots in North Africa.{{cite web|url=http://8w.forix.com/ascari.html|title=8W – Who? – Alberto Ascari|website=Forix.com|date=2002|access-date=6 April 2016}} The pair survived a ship they were aboard carrying lorries capsizing in Tripoli harbour. As their business supported the Italian war effort, it made them exempt from being called up for military service during the war.

File:Ascari argentina 1949.jpg]]

Following the end of World War II, Ascari began racing in Grands Prix with the Maserati 4CLT. His teammate was Villoresi, who became a mentor and friend to Ascari. The pair were successful on the circuits in Northern Italy. He was nicknamed Ciccio, meaning "Tubby". Formula One regulations were introduced by the FIA in 1946, with the aim of eventually replacing the pre-war Grand Prix structure. During the next four transitional years, Ascari was at the top of his game, winning numerous events around Europe. The 1948 San Remo Grand Prix was his first win.{{cite web|url=http://www.silhouet.com/motorsport/archive/f1/nc/1948/1948.html|title=1948 Formula One Races|website=Silhouet.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} He also took second place at the 1948 British Grand Prix, which was organised by the Royal Automobile Club and is generally considered the first British Grand Prix, at the Silverstone Circuit. With Maserati he won the first 1949 Buenos Aires Grand Prix. His biggest success came when he and Villoresi signed for Scuderia Ferrari. The team boss Enzo Ferrari had been a great friend and teammate to Ascari's father, and had taken a keen interest in his successes. In 1949, he won three more races, all with Ferrari.{{cite web|url=http://www.silhouet.com/motorsport/archive/f1/nc/1949/1949.html|title=1949 Grand Prix Results|website=Silhouet.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} Driving a Ferrari, he also won the third 1949 Buenos Aires Grand Prix.{{cite web|url=http://www.jmfangio.org/gp1949palermo.htm|url-status=live|title=1949 Argentina – III Gran Premio Juan Domingo Perón y de la Republica Argentina|website=JMFangio.org|language=es|date=2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009074912/https://www.jmfangio.org/gp1949palermo.htm|archive-date=9 October 2023|access-date=2024-02-16}}

The first Formula One World Championship season took place in {{F1|1950}}. The Ferrari team made its World Championship debut at the 1950 Monaco Grand Prix, the second race of the season, with Ascari, Villoresi, and the famous French driver Raymond Sommer on the team. At Monaco, Ascari became the youngest driver to score points and a podium position in Formula One at 31 years, 312 days, finishing second one lap behind Juan Manuel Fangio.{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr002.html|title=Monaco GP, 1950 Race Report – GP Encyclopedia – F1 History on Grandprix.com|website=GrandPrix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} The team had a mixed year as the supercharged Ferrari 125 F1 was too slow to challenge the dominant Alfa Romeo team, so Ferrari began working on an unblown 4.5-litre car. Much of the year was lost as the team's 2-litre Formula Two engine was progressively enlarged. When the full 4.5-litre Ferrari 375 F1 arrived for the 1950 Italian Grand Prix, the final round of the championship, Ascari gave Alfa Romeo their sternest challenge of the year before retiring; he then took over teammate Dorino Serafini's car to finish second.{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr007.html|title=Italian GP, 1950 Race Report – GP Encyclopedia – F1 History on Grandprix.com|website=GrandPrix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} The new Ferrari then won the non-championship 1950 Penya Rhin Grand Prix.{{cite web|url=http://chicanef1.com/race.pl?year=1950&gp=Penya%20Rhin%20GP&r=1&type=res|title=1950 Penya Rhin GP|website=ChicaneF1.com|access-date=6 April 2016}}

Throughout {{F1|1951}}, Ascari was a threat to the Alfa Romeo team, although initially he was undone by unreliability. After winning the 1951 German Grand Prix at Nürburgring,{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr013.html|title=German GP, 1951 Race Report – GP Encyclopedia – F1 History on Grandprix.com|website=GrandPrix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} he also won the 1951 Italian Grand Prix,{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr014.html|title=Italian GP, 1951 Race Report – GP Encyclopedia – F1 History on Grandprix.com|website=GrandPrix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} and was only two points behind Fangio in the championship standings ahead of the climactic 1951 Spanish Grand Prix, where Fangio won the race and his first title as the 33-years-old Ascari became the youngest runner-up. Although Ascari had taken pole position, a disastrous tyre choice for the race saw the Ferraris unable to challenge Fangio; Ascari finished fourth.{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr015.html|title=Spanish GP, 1951 Race Report – GP Encyclopedia – F1 History on Grandprix.com|website=GrandPrix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}}

File:Ferrari500F2.jpg in action at the 1952 Italian Grand Prix]]

For {{F1|1952}}, the World Championship season switched to using the 2-litre Formula Two regulations, with Ascari driving the Ferrari 500. He missed the 1952 Swiss Grand Prix as he was qualifying for the 1952 Indianapolis 500, at the time a World Championship event. He was the only European driver to race at Indy in its eleven years on the World Championship schedule; his race ended after 40 laps without having made much of an impression, as a result of a wheel collapse.{{cite web|url=http://8w.forix.com/ferrari-indianapolis-1952.html|title=8W – What? – Ferrari at Indianapolis|website=Forix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} Returning to Europe, he then won the remaining six rounds of the series to clinch the world title (also taking five non-championship wins) and recording the fastest lap in each race. He scored the maximum number of points a driver could earn, since only the best four of eight scores counted towards the World Championship.{{Cite web|url=http://en.espn.co.uk/f1/motorsport/driver/473.htm|url-status=dead|title = Alberto Ascari | | F1 Driver Profile | ESPN.co.uk |website=ESPN UK|date=2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426172135/http://en.espn.co.uk/f1/motorsport/driver/473.htm|archive-date=2016-04-26|access-date=2024-02-17}} Aged 34, Ascari became Formula One's new youngest champion until the 29-year-old Mike Hawthorn won it in {{F1|1958}}; Hawthorn had been Ascari's teammate in 1951. Meanwhile, Fangio had missed most of the season after a crash in the 1952 Italian Grand Prix in June.{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/formula1/18826717|title=Formula 1's greatest drivers. Number 11: Alberto Ascari|work=BBC Sport|date=17 July 2012|access-date=6 April 2016}}{{cite web|url=http://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/july-1952/17/monza-grand-prix-june-8th|title=Monza Grand Prix (June 8th) – Motor Sport Magazine Archive|website=Motor Sport|date=7 July 2014 |access-date=6 April 2016}}

Ascari won three more consecutive races to start the {{F1|1953}} season, giving him nine straight championship wins (not counting Indy) before his streak ended when he finished fourth at the 1953 French Grand Prix, which proved to be highly competitive. He won twice more later in the year for a second consecutive World Championship, becoming Formula One's first two-time champion. Aged 35, he was also the youngest two-time champion and the youngest back-to-back champion, both records beaten by the 34-year-old Jack Brabham in {{F1|1960}}, as the average age of a Formula One driver significantly decreased. The 1953 season is considered Ascari's career high point as he had faced the returning Fangio for the opening race of the season, the 1953 Argentine Grand Prix in Buenos Aires, attended by Fangio's home crowd. Additionally, it was widely expected that Ferrari was to be challenged by a resurgent Maserati, with Fangio at its helm. Instead, Ascari took pole position and achieved the first win of a season that set him on course for his second and last World Championship.

File:D50 003.jpg in 1954]]

Following a dispute over his salary, Ascari left Ferrari at the end of the season and switched to Lancia for the {{F1|1954}} campaign. As their car was not eventually ready for the final race of the season, Gianni Lancia allowed him to drive twice for Maserati, sharing the fastest lap at the 1954 British Grand Prix,{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr037.html|title=British GP, 1954 Race Report – GP Encyclopedia – F1 History on Grandprix.com|website=GrandPrix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} and once for Ferrari. Ascari also won the Mille Miglia that year, driving a Lancia sportscar, surviving the dreadful weather and the failure of a throttle spring, which was temporarily replaced with a rubber band.{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprixhistory.org/mille_miglia_1954.htm|title=Mille Miglia – 1954|website=GrandPrixHistory.org|date=2 September 2010|access-date=6 April 2016}} When the Lancia D50 was ready, Ascari took pole position on its debut, the 1954 Spanish Grand Prix, and led impressively early on and set fastest lap before retiring with a clutch problem,{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr041.html|title=Spanish GP, 1954 Race Report – GP Encyclopedia – F1 History on Grandprix.com|website=GrandPrix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} meaning a full season of competing against Fangio's previously dominant Mercedes was much anticipated. Ascari's decision to move to Lancia is considered his career's low point. Despite promises of a new car and more money, this did not come until the season was nearly over, by which time Fangio was unreachable. While waiting for the Lancia car, Ascari had to take guest drives for Maserati and Ferrari, and he finished the season without completing any of the four Grands Prix he entered.

Ascari's {{F1|1955}} season started promisingly, the Lancia taking victories at the non-championship races in Turin (Parco del Valentino) and at the Naples Grand Prix,{{cite web|url=http://www.silhouet.com/motorsport/archive/f1/nc/1955/1955.html|title=1955 Non-World Championship Formula One Races|website=Silhouet.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} where the Lancias took on and beat the hitherto all-conquering Mercedes. In a world championship event, the 1955 Argentine Grand Prix, he retired.{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr042.html|title=Argentine GP, 1955 Race Report – GP Encyclopedia – F1 History on Grandprix.com|website=GrandPrix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} During the 1955 Monaco Grand Prix on 22 May, Ascari crashed into the harbour through hay bales and sandbags late in the race after missing a chicane while leading, reportedly distracted by either the crowd's reaction to Stirling Moss' retirement or the close attentions of the lapped Cesare Perdisa behind. Whatever distracted him, he approached the chicane too quickly, and chose the only way out and took his D50 through the barriers into the sea, missing a substantial iron bollard by about 30 cm.{{cite web|url=http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr043.html|title=Monaco GP, 1955 Race Report – GP Encyclopedia – F1 History on Grandprix.com|website=GrandPrix.com|access-date=6 April 2016}} Although his car sank, Ascari was pulled into a boat and escaped with only a broken nose.

File:Ascari curva monza.jpg

On 26 May 1955, Ascari went to the Autodromo Nazionale Monza to watch his friend Eugenio Castellotti test a Ferrari 750 Monza sports car. They were to co-drive the car in the 1000 km Monza race, having been given special dispensation by Lancia. Ascari was not scheduled to drive that day, but decided to try a few laps. He set off in street clothes and wearing Castellotti's white helmet. As he emerged from a fast curve on the third lap, the car inexplicably skidded, turned on its nose, and somersaulted twice. Thrown out onto the track, Ascari suffered multiple injuries and died a few minutes later. The crash occurred on the Curva del Vialone, one of the track's challenging high-speed corners. The corner where the accident happened was renamed in his honour, and was subsequently replaced with a chicane called Variante Ascari.{{cite web|url=http://www.thescuderia.net/forums/content.php/117-Alberto-Ascari-Profile|title=TheScuderia.net – Ferrari F1 – Alberto Ascari Profile|work=thescuderia.net|access-date=6 April 2016}} The reasons and circumstances of the accident, including why Ascari, who was well known for his attention to safety, drove another driver's car, and without his own lucky blue helmet (he had left it at home, and apparently reasoned that, after his accident in Monaco four days earlier, getting back to race driving as soon as possible was the best way to recover), never came to light.

In 2001, the Swiss newspaper Rinascita published the story of Angelo Consonni, who was seven years old at the time of Ascari's death and was with his grandfather near the Curva del Vialone. Consonni said he saw two workers intent on crossing the road to reach a shed when he heard a car approaching; if the first worker was quick, the second hesitated and stopped. Soon after, the young Consonni felt a silence and saw the Ferrari spin around and overturn. Luigi Villoresi maintained that Ascari would have been afraid of being afraid.{{Cite web |last=Campi |first=Massimo |date=2020-05-25 |title=I misteri di Ascari |url=https://www.motoremotion.it/2020/05/26/i-misteri-di-ascari/ |access-date=2024-02-19 |website=Motor Motion |language=it}} In 2014, the racing driver Ernesto Brambilla declared that he had seen the accident, confirming that the car spun around and overturned, excluding the hypothesis that the accident was caused by a spectator who crossed the track.{{cite magazine |last=Donnini |first=Mario |date=2014-09-02 |title=Il manico di Monza |magazine=Autosprint |page=30 |language=it |issue=35}}

File:Ascari funeral.jpg

Motor racing fans from all over mourned, as Ascari was buried next to the grave of his father in the Cimitero Monumentale in Milan, to be forever remembered as one of the greatest racers of all time. More than a million people took to the streets in Milan for his funeral. His distraught wife Mietta Ascari told Enzo Ferrari that were it not for their children she would have taken her life. Three days before he died, Ascari had told a friend: "I never want my children to become too fond of me because one day I might not come back and they will suffer less if I don't come back." Upon Ascari's death, his friend and rival Juan Manuel Fangio lamented: "I have lost my greatest opponent. Ascari was a driver of supreme skill and I felt my title last year lost some of its value because he was not there to fight me for it. A great man." Fellow racing driver Stirling Moss recalled Ascari as "wonderfully good... he was rather better than good, he was very good indeed. He may have been as fast as Fangio... but he had not got the polish that so distinguished Fangio." Mike Hawthorn said that "Ascari was the fastest driver I ever saw. And when I say that, I include Fangio."

Ascari's death is often considered to be a contributing factor to the withdrawal of Lancia from motor racing in 1955, just three days after his funeral (although the company was also in considerable financial trouble, needing a government subsidy to survive), handing his team, drivers, cars, and spare parts over to Enzo Ferrari. He died aged 36 years and 10 months, exactly the same age as his father, who was also killed in an accident at Montlhery thirty years earlier.{{Cite web |date=2020-07-13 |title=Ascari and a destiny foretold |url=https://www.pirelli.com/global/en-ww/race/racingspot/ascari-and-a-destiny-foretold-52831/ |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Pirelli}} Both Ascaris won 13 Grands Prix, drove car number 26, and were killed in similar circumstances. His father's death helped fuel Ascari's deeply superstitious nature as he avoided black cats, was concerned about unlucky numbers, and did not allow anyone to touch the briefcase that contained his racing apparel, which included what he believed to be his lucky blue helmet and T-shirt, the goggles, and gloves. Ascari had also promised himself, after his father's death, that he would never race on the 26th of any month, and that he would become the number one racing driver. In 2015, Ascari was included in the Walk of Fame of Italian sport.{{cite web|title=I record tuttora imbattuti di Alberto Ascari|url=http://www.seiascari.it/it/I-record-tuttora-imbattuti-di-Alberto-Ascari|website=Sei Ascari|language=it|access-date=5 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220716193718/http://www.seiascari.it/it/I-record-tuttora-imbattuti-di-Alberto-Ascari|archive-date=16 July 2022|url-status=dead}} In 2016, unknown thieves stole the bronze busts, which were placed on the sides of the shrine, of Ascari and his father. Ascari's bust was the work of Michele Vedani, while that of his father was created by the sculptor Orazio Grossoni.{{Cite web |last=D'Amico |first=Paola |date=2016-03-20 |title=Monumentale, spariti i bronzi di Ascari: 28 i furti già accertati |url=http://milano.corriere.it/notizie/cronaca/16_marzo_20/monumentale-spariti-bronzi-ascari-4e1fe4ba-ee04-11e5-9277-b3acd54d3652.shtml |access-date=2024-02-19 |website=Corriere della Sera |language=it}}{{Cite web |last=D'Amico |first=Paola |date=2016-03-21 |title=Furti al Monumentale: 'Presto un'ispezione' della Soprintendenza |url=http://milano.corriere.it/notizie/cronaca/16_marzo_21/furti-monumentale-ispezione-soprintendenza-ascari-piloti-aa135bb4-eed9-11e5-a851-4eb96ea5fe45.shtml |access-date=2024-02-19 |website=Corriere della Sera |language=it}}

{{quote box|quote="When leading, he could not easily be overtaken – indeed it was virtually impossible to overtake him."|source=—Enzo Ferrari{{cite web |url= http://www.grandprixhistory.org/ascari_bio.htm|title=Alberto Ascari – Biography|date=10 August 2008|access-date=23 March 2016|website=GrandPrixHistory.org}}|width=25%|align=right}}

Ascari was popular with fellow drivers and crowds because of his modesty and eagerness to praise the ability of his rivals; he is also considered one of the hardest drivers to pass. One criticism was the perceived lack of complete focus when he was chasing for the lead. For example, Enzo Ferrari said: "When he had to follow and pass an opponent, he evidently suffered, not from an inferiority complex, but from a nervousness that did not let him express his true class." In the words of BBC Sport's chief Formula One writer Andrew Benson, Ascari did not look "much like the modern idea of a Formula 1 driver. His double chin and slightly chubby frame brought to mind a Milanese baker more than the lean, pinched athletes of the modern age. Yet this was a man who, for a period, dominated grand prix racing like no other has before or since." In his profile about Ascari, Benson further wrote that "Ascari was a ruthless winning machine. He was a phlegmatic character who approached his racing with an analytical style. With his pale blue shirt and matching helmet, Ascari cut a distinctive figure in the scarlet Ferraris of the early 1950s. He sat upright, hunched slightly forward, closer to the large steering wheel than many of his rivals, his elbows forming sharper angles." About Ascari's driving style, Enzo Ferrari said: "Ascari had a precise and distinctive driving style, but he was a man who had to lead from the start. In that position he was hard to overtake, almost impossible to beat, in my estimation. Alberto was secure when he was playing the hare. That was when his style was at its most superb. In second place, or further back, he was less sure."

A street in Rome, in the Esposizione Universale Roma area, is named in Ascari's honour, and the Autodromo Nazionale Monza and Autodromo Oscar Alfredo Gálvez have chicanes named after him. In 1972, one of the chicanes at the Monza Circuit was named in his honour Variante Ascari.{{cite web |date=6 April 2005 |title=Autodromo Nazionale di Monza – History |url=http://www.f1db.com/f1/page/Autodromo_Nazionale_di_Monza |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091002042349/http://www.f1db.com/f1/page/Autodromo_Nazionale_di_Monza |archive-date=2 October 2009 |access-date=17 September 2009 |work=The Formula One DataBase |publisher=F1db.com}}

In 1992, he was inducted into the International Motorsports Hall of Fame.{{Cite web|title=Alberto Ascari|url=https://www.motorsportshalloffame.com/inductees/alberto-ascari/|access-date=8 February 2021|website=International Motorsports Hall of Fame}} The British supercar manufacturer Ascari Cars, founded in 1994, is named in his honour.{{Cite web |last=Zietsman |first=Luke |date=2021-08-21 |title=Here's What Everyone Forgot About Ascari Cars |url=https://www.hotcars.com/heres-what-everyone-forgot-about-ascari-cars/ |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=HotCars}} Italian-born American racing legend Mario Andretti counts Ascari as one of his racing heroes, having watched him at the Monza circuit in his youth.{{Cite web|title= Mario Andretti and the Brutal Magic of Monza |url= https://www.thedrive.com/a-list/195/mario-andretti-and-the-brutal-magic-of-monza |last= Andretti|first= Mario |date= 8 September 2015 |access-date= 10 April 2020 |website= TheDrive.com |postscript=. Updated 2 April 2018.}} Ascari was inducted into the FIA Hall of Fame in December 2017.{{Cite web|last=Hensby|first=Paul|date=7 December 2017|title=World Champions Honoured as FIA introduce Hall of Fame|url=https://www.thecheckeredflag.co.uk/2017/12/world-champions-honoured-fia-introduce-hall-fame/|access-date=8 February 2021|website=The Checkered Flag}} He appears in Mark Sullivan's novel Beneath a Scarlet Sky.{{Cite web |date=2017-12-09 |title=Blood moon over Milan |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/features/blood-moon-over-milan-2037750 |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Deccan Herald}}

In 34 entries and 32 race starts, Ascari had 13 wins, 17 podiums, 14 pole positions, and 12 fastest laps, and won two World Championships, making him the first double World Champion and the first back-to-back winner;{{Cite web |last=Frankel |first=Andrew |date=2022-10-12 |title=Alberto Ascari: the best double world champion we've ever seen? |url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/articles/single-seaters/f1/alberto-ascari-the-best-double-world-champion-weve-ever-seen/ |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Motor Sport Magazine}} it was not until Michael Schumacher's fourth World Championship (the second with Ferrari) in {{F1|2001}}, the only other to do so, that a Ferrari driver won back-to-back titles.{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Sam |date=2023-12-10 |title=Revealed: The five longest winning streaks by one driver in F1 |url=https://www.planetf1.com/features/five-longest-f1-winning-streaks |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=PlanetF1}} His rivalry with Juan Manuel Fangio was one of the greatest in Formula One; from 31 starts each, they combined for 27 wins, 30 pole positions, and 27 fastest laps, some of which were shared with others. Either Ascari or Fangio held the lead for at least one lap, often times it was both leading races and for more than a lap, in all except for two of the 37 Grands Prix (from the 1950 British Grand Prix to the 1955 Monaco Grand Prix). In total, they led 66.6% of 2,508 laps. Stirling Moss believed Fangio to be better but that Ascari was very close, while Denis Jenkinson of Motor Sport thought Ascari was better. Ascari was also called the prototype Jim Clark,{{Cite magazine |date=2022-02-01 |title=Fangio vs Ascari — his 'greatest opponent' |url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/march-2022/90/fangio-vs-ascari-his-greatest-opponent/ |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Motor Sport Magazine|issue=90 (March 2022) }} as well as the last Italian Grand Prix star, being Ferrari's sole Italian World Champion and Italy's sole back-to-back champion. Ascari's rivals thought him faster than Fangio.{{Cite magazine |date=2014-07-07 |title=Alberto Ascari: The last great Italian Grand Prix star |url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/july-2012/99/the-last-great-italian-gp-star/ |access-date=2024-02-16 |magazine=Motor Sport |issue=99 (July 2012) }} With a win ratio of more than 40%, Ascari was second only to Fangio at the time. With Ferrari, for which he drove from 1949 to 1953, he had 13 wins in 27 races, a ratio of 48%, the highest win ratio for a Ferrari driver.

Despite his short career, having fewer Grand Prix starts than any other World Champion, Ascari is generally considered among the greatest Formula One drivers. In 2009, an Autosport survey taken by 217 Formula One drivers saw Ascari voted as the 16th-greatest Formula One driver of all time.{{Cite web|date=2009|title=Formula 1's Greatest Drivers – Alberto Ascari|url=http://f1greatestdrivers.autosport.com/?driver=16|access-date=6 February 2021|website=Autosport}} In 2012, the BBC listed Ascari as the 9th-greatest Formula One driver. In 2020, Carteret Analytics used quantitative analysis methods to rank Formula One drivers. According to this ranking, Ascari is Formula One's fourth-best driver of all time.{{Cite web|last=Dalleres|first=Frank|date=15 November 2020|title=Who is the greatest Formula 1 driver ever?|url=https://www.cityam.com/why-juan-manuel-fangio-not-lewis-hamilton-or-michael-schumacher-is-the-greatest-formula-1-driver-ever/|access-date=6 February 2021|website=CityAM}} Similar objective mathematical models,{{Cite journal |last1=Eichenberger |first1=Reiner |last2=Stadelmann |first2=David |date=December 2009 |title=Who Is The Best Formula 1 Driver? An Economic Approach to Evaluating Talent |url=https://www.unifr.ch/finwiss/de/assets/public/research/academic%20publications/Who%20ist%20the%20best%20formula%201%20driver.pdf |journal=Economic Analysis & Policy |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=389–406 |doi=10.1016/S0313-5926(09)50035-5 |access-date=2024-02-10 |via=University of Fribourg}}{{Cite journal |last1=Bell |first1=Andrew |last2=Jones |first2=Kelvyn |last3=Sabel |first3=Clive E. |last4=Smith |first4=James |date=2016-06-01 |title=Formula for success: Multilevel modelling of Formula One Driver and Constructor performance, 1950–2014 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274080402_Formula_for_success_Multilevel_modelling_of_Formula_One_Driver_and_Constructor_performance_1950-2014 |journal=Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=99–112 |doi=10.1515/jqas-2015-0050 |issn=1559-0410 |access-date=2024-02-10 |via=ResearchGate |hdl-access=free |hdl=1983/dd66908d-255b-47ec-94f1-e5e7acfeca49|s2cid=54709247 }} such as Eichenberger and Stadelmann (2009, 12th when the 40 races started criteria is dropped), original F1metrics (2014, 9th),{{Cite web |date=2014-07-18 |title=Who was the greatest F1 driver? |url=https://f1metrics.wordpress.com/2014/07/18/who-was-the-greatest-f1-driver/ |access-date=2024-02-14 |website=F1metrics}} FiveThirtyEight (2018, 19th), and updated F1metrics (2019, 5th), consistently put Ascari among the top 20 greatest Formula One drivers ever.{{Cite web |date=2014-11-26 |title=2014 model-based driver rankings |url=https://f1metrics.wordpress.com/2014/11/26/2014-model-based-driver-rankings/ |access-date=2024-02-10 |website=F1metrics}}{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Justin |date=2018-05-25 |title=Who's The Best Formula One Driver Of All Time? |url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/formula-one-racing/ |access-date=2024-02-10 |website=FiveThirtyEight}}{{Cite web |date=2019-11-22 |title=The f1metrics top 100 |url=https://f1metrics.wordpress.com/2019/11/22/the-f1metrics-top-100/ |access-date=2024-02-10 |website=F1metrics}} Although Fangio did not take part in the 1952 season, Ascari's performance during that season is considered one of the best single-year performance of all time; he overwhelmingly beat several strong Ferrari teammates, including Giuseppe Farina, whom he beat 53.5 to 27 in total points. Based on a 2019 adjusted scoring-rate calculation, 1952 had the all-time largest margin between first and second in the championship standings, with 8.90 points per race for Ascari and 4.36 points per race for Mike Hawthorn.

Into the 21st century, Ascari continues to hold several Formula One records, some of which have since been equalled by fellow World Champions, such as Clark, Nigel Mansell, Sebastian Vettel, and Lewis Hamilton. During his career, Ascari had seven hat-tricks (pole positions, fastest lap, and race win) and five Grand Chelems (1952 French Grand Prix, 1952 German Grand Prix, 1952 Dutch Grand Prix, 1953 Argentine Grand Prix, and 1953 British Grand Prix); as of July 2023, only 26 drivers had secured a Grand Chelem, of which there had been 66 in total. Ascari is one of three drivers (Clark and Vettel) to have achieved this feat, meaning taking pole, fastest lap, race win, and leading every lap, in consecutive races.{{Cite web |date=2023-07-17 |title=F1 Grand Slams |url=https://www.salracing.com/story/2017/4/f1-grand-slams |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Salracing}} Ascari holds the records of most consecutive hat-tricks (4), most consecutive Grand Chelems (2, jointly held with Clark and Vettel), highest number of Grand Chelems in a season (3, jointly held with Clark, Mansell, and Hamilton), most consecutive fastest laps (7), most consecutive laps in the lead (304), most consecutive distance led (2,075 km), highest percentage of fastest laps in a season (75%), and highest percentage of possible championship points in a season (100%, jointly held with Clark). A 51-year record for most consecutive wins (7), which was held by Ascari,{{efn|Some sources include the subsequent Dutch and Belgian Grands Prix and discount the intervening 1953 Indianapolis 500 on the basis that very few of the European drivers competed in the Indianapolis 500 when it was part of the Drivers' Championship, and thus extend Ascari's sequence to 9 wins.{{Cite web |last=Hardy |first=Ed |date=2023-11-26 |title=F1 records broken by Max Verstappen in 2023 |url=https://www.autosport.com/f1/news/f1-records-broken-by-max-verstappen-in-2023/10543882/ |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Autosport}}}} was first equalled by Schumacher in {{F1|2004}}, then broken by Vettel (9) in {{F1|2013}}, and broken again (10) by Max Verstappen in {{F1|2023}}. He also held the record for the highest percentage of wins in a season (75) until 2023, when Verstappen broke Ascari's 71-year record.{{Cite web |last=Wood |first=Ida |date=2023-11-06 |title=The 71-year-old record Verstappen broke - and celebrated by singing Tom Jones |url=https://www.racefans.net/2023/11/06/the-71-year-old-record-verstappen-broke-and-celebrated-by-singing-tom-jones/ |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=RaceFans}}{{Cite web |date=2023-11-07 |title=The 71-year-old record Verstappen broke in the Sao Paulo GP |url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.explained-the-71-year-old-record-verstappen-broke-in-the-sao-paulo-grand.3LMx4WXMjAiWzIuhnN97Pd.html |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Formula 1}}

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

* Indicates shared drive with Dorino Serafini

† Indicates shared drive with José Froilán González

‡ Indicates shared drive with Luigi Villoresi

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

* Indicates shared drive with Luigi Villoresi

† Indicates shared drive with André Simon

‡ Indicates shared drive with Sergio Sighinolfi

Ascari holds the following Formula One records:

; Footnotes

{{reflist|group=N}}

• Peter Collins (racing driver)

{{reflist|group=nb}}

{{Notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book|last1=Andretti|first1=Mario|last2=Ludvigsen|first2=Karl|year=2000|title=Alberto Ascari: Ferrari's First Double World Champion|publisher=Haynes Manuals|isbn=9781859606803}}
• {{cite book|last=Desmond|first=Kevin|year=1981|title=Man with Two Shadows: Story of Alberto Ascari|publisher=Proteus Books|isbn=9780906071090}}
• {{cite book|last1=Menard|first1=Pierre|last2=Vassal|first2=Jacques|year=2004|title=Alberto Ascari: The First Double World Champion'|publisher=Chronosports|isbn=9782847070644}}
• {{cite web|url=http://www.formula1review.com/content/view/341/30/|url-status=dead|title=Most Fastest Laps in Series in One Season|website=Formula 1 Review|date=2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928154624/http://www.formula1review.com/content/view/341/30/|archive-date=28 September 2007|access-date=19 February 2024}}

• {{sports links}}
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20121013003931/http://www.ddavid.com/formula1/ascari_bio.htm Alberto Ascari Grand Prix history]
• [http://www.4mula1.ro/history/driver/Alberto_Ascari Alberto Ascari statistics]
• [https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/formula1/26464195 Statistical analysis of drivers, 1950–2013]
• {{Find a Grave|8710343}}

{{s-start-collapsible|header={{s-ach}}}}

{{s-sports}}

{{succession box|title=BRDC International Trophy
Winner |before=Inaugural|after=Giuseppe Farina|years=1949}}

{{succession box|title=Gran Premio di Bari
Winner |before=Chico Landi|after=Giuseppe Farina|years=1949}}

{{succession box|title=Gran Premio di Napoli
Winner |before=Franco Cortese|after=Giuseppe Farina|years=1951}}

{{succession box|title=Formula One World Champion |before=Juan Manuel Fangio|after= Juan Manuel Fangio|years={{F1|1952}}–{{F1|1953}}}}

{{succession box|title=Mille Miglia
Winner |before= Gianni Marzotto
Marco Crosara|after= Stirling Moss
Denis Jenkinson|years=1954}}

{{succession box|title=Gran Premio di Napoli
Winner |before=Luigi Musso|after=Robert Manzon|years=1955}}

{{s-ach|rec}}

{{succession box| before = Reg Parnell{{small|
38 years, 315 days
(1950 British GP)}} | title = Youngest driver to score a
podium position in Formula One | after = Manny Ayulo{{small|
29 years, 221 days
(1951 Indianapolis 500)}} | years = 31 years, 312 days
(1950 Monaco Grand Prix)}}

{{succession box| title = Youngest driver to score
points in Formula One | years = 31 years, 312 days
(1950 Monaco Grand Prix) | before = Reg Parnell{{small|
38 years, 315 days
(1950 British GP)}} | after = Cecil Green{{small|
30 years, 242 days
(1950 Indianapolis 500)}}}}

{{succession box|title=Most Grand Prix wins
13 wins, | before = Juan Manuel Fangio{{small|
6 wins
(1950 – 1952)}}| after = Juan Manuel Fangio{{small|
24 wins,
14th at the 1955 Argentine GP}} | years = 7th at the 1952 Dutch GP}}

{{s-bef|before=Juan Manuel Fangio
39 years, 71 days
(1950 season)}}

{{s-ttl|title=Youngest Formula One
World Drivers' Championship runner-up|years=33 years, 107 days
(1951 season)}}

{{s-aft|after=José Froilán González
32 years, 19 days
(1954 season)}}

{{succession box|title=Youngest Formula One
World Drivers' Champion| before = Juan Manuel Fangio{{small|
40 years, 126 days
(1951 season)}} | after = Mike Hawthorn{{small|
29 years, 192 days
(1958 season)}} | years =34 years, 16 days
(1952 season)}}

{{s-end}}

{{Formula One World Drivers' Champions}}

{{Formula One drivers from Italy}}

{{Scuderia Ferrari}}

{{Walk of Fame of Italian sport}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ascari, Alberto}}

Category:1918 births

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Category:12 Hours of Sebring drivers

Category:24 Hours of Le Mans drivers

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Category:Burials at the Cimitero Monumentale di Milano

Category:Carrera Panamericana drivers

Category:Ferrari Formula One drivers

Category:Formula One race winners

Category:Formula One World Drivers' Champions

Category:Grand Prix drivers

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Category:International Motorsports Hall of Fame inductees

Category:Italian Formula One drivers

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Category:Lancia Formula One drivers

Category:Maserati Formula One drivers

Category:Mille Miglia drivers

Category:Racing drivers from Milan

Category:Recipients of the Silver Laurel Leaf

Category:Sport deaths in Italy

Category:World Sportscar Championship drivers