Cambridge Bay

{{About|a hamlet of Nunavut|the electoral district of the same name|Cambridge Bay (electoral district)}}

{{use Canadian English|date=December 2022}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}

{{Infobox settlement

| official_name = Cambridge Bay

| native_name = {{lang|ikt|Iqaluktuuttiaq}}
{{lang|iu|ᐃᖃᓗᒃᑑᑦᑎᐊᖅ}}

| settlement_type = Hamlet

| image_skyline = Cambridge Bay, Nunavut aerial view.jpg

| image_caption = Aerial view (2023)

| image_shield = Hamlet_of_Cambridge_Bay_COA.jpg

| nickname = Cam Bay

| pushpin_map = Canada Nunavut#Canada

| coordinates = {{coord|69|06|50|N|105|03|10|W|region:CA-NU_type:city_scale:20000|notes={{Cite cgndb|OADAD|Cambridge Bay}}|display=inline,title}}

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = Canada

| subdivision_type1 = Territory

| subdivision_type2 = Region

| subdivision_type3 = Electoral district

| subdivision_name1 = Nunavut

| subdivision_name2 = Kitikmeot

| subdivision_name3 = Cambridge Bay

| established_title = Settled

| established_date = 1921

| established_title2 = Incorporated (hamlet)

| established_date2 = 1 April 1984

| government_footnotes = {{cite web|url=https://www.elections.nu.ca/sites/default/files/documents/municipal_council_election_results_2019_en.pdf |title=Municipal Election Results 2019–2020|access-date=25 December 2022|publisher=Elections Nunavut}}{{cite web|url=https://www.elections.nu.ca/sites/default/files/documents/2021%20GE%20Results_0.pdf |title=2021 General Election|access-date=25 December 2022|publisher=Elections Nunavut}}{{cite web|url=https://www.nnsl.com/news/mayor-of-cambridge-bay-resigns/ |title=Mayor of Cambridge Bay resigns |date=1 November 2022|access-date=23 December 2022}}{{cite web|url=https://www.elections.nu.ca/en/elections/results/1775/data/848 |title=2023 General Election|publisher=Elections Nunavut}}

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = Wayne Gregory

| leader_title1 = Senior Administrative Officer

| leader_name1 = Jim MacEachern

| area_footnotes =  (2021)

| area_total_km2 = 195.70

| area_blank1_title = Population Centre

| area_blank1_km2 = 0.85

| elevation_footnotes = Elevation at airport. {{CFS}}

| elevation_m = 31

| elevation_min_m = 0

|population_as_of = 2021

| population_total = 1760

| population_footnotes =

| population_density_km2 = auto

| population_blank1_title = Population Centre

| population_blank1 = 1403

| population_density_blank1_km2 = 1,652.9

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| postal_code = X0B 0C0

| area_code_type = Area code

| area_code = 867

| website = [http://www.cambridgebay.ca/ Official site]

| leader_title2 = MLA

| leader_name2 = Pam Gross

| timezone = MST

| utc_offset = −07:00

| timezone_DST = {{abbr|MDT|Mountain daylight time}}

| utc_offset_DST = −06:00

| elevation_max_m = 183

| blank_name = Telephone exchange

| blank_info = 983

| blank1_name = GNBC Code

| blank1_info = OADAD

| blank2_name = NTS Map

| blank2_info = {{Canada NTS Map Sheet|77|D|2}}

}}

Cambridge Bay (Inuinnaqtun: {{lang|ikt|Iqaluktuuttiaq}}{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.nu.ca/in/communities/cambridge-bay |title=Iqaluktuuttiaq|publisher=Government of Nunavut|access-date=4 July 2022}} Inuktitut: {{lang|iu|ᐃᖃᓗᒃᑑᑦᑎᐊᖅ}}; 2021 population 1,760; population centre 1,403{{cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Cambridge%20Bay&DGUIDlist=2021S05101392&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census Cambridge Bay [Population centre]|publisher=Statistics Canada|access-date=23 December 2022}}) is a hamlet located on Victoria Island in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is the largest of the two settlements on Victoria Island, the other being Ulukhaktok in the Northwest Territories. Cambridge Bay is named for Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, while the traditional Inuinnaqtun name for the area is {{lang|ikt|Ikaluktutiak}} (old orthography) or {{lang|ikt|Iqaluktuuttiaq}} (new orthography) meaning "good fishing place".

The traditional language of the area is Inuinnaqtun and is written using the Latin alphabet rather than the syllabics of the Inuktitut writing system. Like Kugluktuk, Bathurst Inlet and Umingmaktok, syllabics are rarely seen and used mainly by the Government of Nunavut.[http://langcom.nu.ca/languages/dialectmap-web.pdf Office of the Languages Commissioner of Nunavut – PDF Dialect Map] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070402114720/http://langcom.nu.ca/languages/dialectmap-web.pdf |date=2 April 2007}}[http://langcom.nu.ca/languages/en_writing.html Office of the Languages Commissioner of Nunavut – Writing systems] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050913094905/http://langcom.nu.ca/languages/en_writing.html |date=13 September 2005}}

Cambridge Bay is the largest stop for passenger and research vessels traversing the Arctic Ocean's Northwest Passage,{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/cambridge-bay-hosts-4-northwest-passage-bound-yachts-1.828852|title=Cambridge Bay hosts 4 Northwest Passage-bound yachts|publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=18 August 2009|access-date=20 November 2011}} a disputed area which the Government of Canada claims are Canadian Internal Waters, while other nations state they are either territorial waters or international waters.{{cite news|url=http://www.tc.gc.ca/marinesafety%5CTP%5CTP14202%5Cinterpretation.htm|title=TP 14202 E: Interpretation|publisher=Transport Canada|date=27 November 2007|access-date=18 January 2008}}{{Cite journal|url=https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cpmss/article/view/36337 |title=Climate Change and Canadian Sovereignty in the Northwest Passage|pages=383{{ndash}}399|publisher=Centre for Military and Strategic Studies, University of Calgary|journal=The Calgary Papers in Military and Strategic Studies |last1=Huebert |first1=Rob |volume=2|issue=4|publication-date=Winter 2001|access-date=13 January 2008|issn=1492-0611}}

History

=Pre-history=

File:Dorset stone long house 01.JPG

The first known people to occupy the area were the Pre-Dorset people, somewhere around 1800 BCE, about 4,000 years ago, and were seal and caribou hunters.{{cite web |url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/predorset.htm |title=Pre-Dorset – 1800 to 500 BC |publisher=Kitikmeotheritage.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110092547/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/predorset.htm |archive-date=10 January 2012}} The next group to enter the area were a Paleo-Eskimo peoples known as the Dorset, who arrived approximately 500 CE. They were the first known people to have fished for the Arctic char.{{cite web |url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/middle.htm |title=Early/Middle Dorset – 500 BC to 800 AD |publisher=Kitikmeotheritage.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110094300/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/middle.htm |archive-date=10 January 2012}} The last of the Paleo-Eskimo people, who appeared here about 800 CE, were the Tuniit, and evidence of their living quarters can be seen close to Cambridge Bay. The Tuniit, who were known to the Inuit as giants, were taller and stronger than the Inuit, but were easily scared off.{{cite web |url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/latdorset.htm |title=Late Dorset – 800 AD to 1250 AD |publisher=Kitikmeotheritage.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110094045/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/latdorset.htm |archive-date=10 January 2012}}[http://www.nunavuthandbook.com/parks_pgs_297_331.pdf 101. Nunavut Handbook] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060529123547/http://www.nunavuthandbook.com/parks_pgs_297_331.pdf |date=29 May 2006}}, Qaummaarviit Historic Park

The next group to arrive were the Thule people, ancestors of the modern Inuit, who arrived in the area around 1250 CE from present day Alaska. The Thule people built food caches and stone houses in the area and were noted for their sophisticated tools.{{cite web |url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/thule.htm |title=Thule Inuit – 1250 AD to 1500 AD |publisher=Kitikmeotheritage.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110100852/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/thule.htm |archive-date=10 January 2012}} Although there is no positive evidence it is suspected that the Thule may have interacted with the Tuniit.

About 500 years ago, around 1500 CE, the modern Inuit made an appearance. Like the Thule they made use of caches, hunted caribou and fished for char. They also hunted seal from the ice in winter and returned to the land in spring. They were also known to make use of inukhuk and built igluit.{{cite web |url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/modern.htm |title=Modern Inuit – 1500 AD to Today |publisher=Kitikmeotheritage.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110100824/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/iqaluktk/modern.htm |archive-date=10 January 2012}} Although they had no collective name, the various groups of Inuit that made use of native copper for tools have since become known as Copper Inuit and are the same people that Vilhjalmur Stefansson called the Blond Eskimos.{{cite web |url=http://foragers.wikidot.com/copper-inuit |title=The Copper Inuit (Ulukhaktokmiut) of Holman |access-date=24 August 2008 |date=26 November 2007 |publisher=The Ohio State University}}{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/amp/1.374175 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061103080822/http://www.cbc.ca/news/story/2003/10/28/inuit_blond031028.html |url-status=live |archive-date=3 November 2006 |title=DNA tests debunk blond Inuit legend |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date=28 October 2003 |access-date=20 November 2011}} The main groups that lived or interacted in the Cambridge Bay area were the Ekalluktogmiut (Iqaluktuurmiutat or Ikaluktuurmiut), Ahiagmiut (Ahiarmiut), the Killinirmuit and the Umingmuktogmiut.{{cite web |url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/Angulalk/inuitrd/regroups/regroups.htm |title=Kitikmeot Regional Groups |publisher=Kitikmeotheritage.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110827090131/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/Angulalk/inuitrd/regroups/regroups.htm |archive-date=27 August 2011}}

=European history=

File:HMS Resolute, Assistance, Intrepid, and Pioneer wintering in the Arctic, 1850-51 CKS 2002.jpg

The first Europeans to reach Cambridge Bay were overland Arctic explorers led by Thomas Simpson in 1839; they were searching for the Northwest Passage and had crossed the sea ice on foot. Another overland expedition led by John Rae reached Cambridge Bay in 1851, and the first ship to reach the bay was HMS Enterprise under Richard Collinson who wintered there in 1852{{ndash}}1853. Both Rae and Collinson were searching for Franklin's lost expedition. Collinson's ship came from the west, having entered the Canadian Arctic via the Bering Strait. This was the furthest east any large ship travelled from the Bering Strait until Henry Larsen's west–east sailing of the Northwest Passage aboard St. Roch in 1941.

Cambridge Bay was the site of Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) and Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) outposts established during the 1920s. Although at this point most Inuit would have continued the traditional lifestyle, and only visited the area rather than live there permanently. The HBC opened a post here in 1921, later than in most places, and built at the site now called the "old town".{{cite web |url=http://www.museevirtuel-virtualmuseum.ca/Search.do?R=VE_1483&lang=en&ex=on |title=Bringing our Past into the Future |publisher=Museevirtuel.ca |date=10 September 1954 |access-date=11 December 2011}}

File:Amundsen Maud 1998-06-28.jpg's ship Maud at Cambridge Bay prior to being salvaged. This was not the ship in which Amundsen was the first to sail the Northwest Passage; that was the Gjøa.]]

In 1925 the HBC purchased the historic ship Maud, which they renamed the Baymaud, from the creditors of Norwegian explorer, Roald Amundsen. The ship sailed to the Arctic in 1926 but it became stuck in the winter ice at Cambridge Bay. The Maud was later anchored near the shore and used for various purposes, including the first ever radio weather reports from the Arctic coast.[http://pwnhc.learnnet.nt.ca/research/archrep/archrep96/central.htm Cambridge Bay] at the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre In 1930 the ship sank and, although some material was removed at the time, the ship remained visible for 86 years. A Norwegian plan to salvage the ship and return it to Norway, though initially denied an export permit, was granted on appeal, and was to be carried out in 2014 but was delayed to 2015 due to ice conditions preventing the arrival of salvage equipment until late in the open water season. The planned salvage of 2015 was also delayed, however during the summer of 2016 the Maud was raised and prepared for return to Norway during the summer of 2017, where she will be displayed at a museum in Vollen, Asker.

=Post-WW2=

In 1947, following World War II, the Cambridge Bay LORAN Tower was built near the previous location of Cambridge Bay. The construction of the LORAN tower involved hiring Inuit who, after the tower was complete, remained in the area. The tower was demolished 5 August 2014.[http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/stories/article/65674cambridge_bay_residents_bid_farewell_to_a_trusty_old_friend/ Cambridge Bay residents bid farewell to a trusty old friend]

File:Cambridge Bay Stone Church 1998-06-28.jpg

In 1954 construction was completed on the Roman Catholic Church. The church, Cambridge Bay's first, was constructed from local material using seal oil and sand as mortar, and was used for services until the 1960s.{{cite web |url=http://www.sikunews.com/News/Canada-Nunavut/1275 |title=Landmark church burns in Nunavut |publisher=Sikunews.com |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224145433/http://www.sikunews.com/News/Canada-Nunavut/1275 |archive-date=24 February 2012}} On 27 April 2006, a large portion of the church, which had been designated a heritage site by the Hamlet Council, was destroyed by a fire which the RCMP said was deliberate.{{cite web |url=http://www.cambridgebay.ca/inquiries/ByLaw_96.pdf |title=Hamlet of Cambridge Bay By-Law No. 96 |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003043533/http://www.cambridgebay.ca/inquiries/ByLaw_96.pdf |archive-date=3 October 2011}}

A Distant Early Warning Line site was established in 1955 and about 200 Inuit were hired to help in the construction. The military presence and the services and economy this represented acted as a magnet for Inuit who had previously used the area as a temporary site for meeting, hunting, fishing and trade, and a permanent community was soon established across the bay in its current location. Unlike the majority of the DEW Line radar sites which were abandoned or automated, this site which changed in 1989, known as CAM-MAIN, remains a manned operation, with about 18 people, as part of NORAD's North Warning System.{{cite web |url=http://www.lswilson.ca/dewline.htm#L |title=The DEW Line |publisher=Lswilson.ca |access-date=20 November 2011}}[http://ottawa.usembassy.gov/content/textonly.asp?section=can_usa&subsection1=borderissues&document=north_warning_system Arctic Trip – North Warning System] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110307175456/http://ottawa.usembassy.gov/content/textonly.asp?section=can_usa&subsection1=borderissues&document=north_warning_system |date=7 March 2011}}

Originally part of the Fort Smith Region, Northwest Territories, Cambridge Bay became the administrative centre for the Kitikmeot Region, Northwest Territories, and remained so for the new Kitikmeot Region after the 1999 division of the Northwest Territories. In 1982 a division plebiscite was held. Although about 80% of the population then living in what is now Nunavut voted in favour of division, Cambridge Bay was one of only two communities to vote against division. Kugluktuk, then called Coppermine, was the other.{{cite web |url=http://economics.ca/cgi/jab?journal=cpp&view=v11n1/CPPv11n1p001.pdf |title=The 1982 Plebiscite on Division of the Northwest Territories: Regional Government and Federal Policy |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-date=10 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210070714/https://economics.ca//cgi/jab?journal=cpp&view=v11n1%2FCPPv11n1p001.pdf}}

=21st century=

File:Flags in Cambridge Bay, Nunavut.jpg

The Kitikmeot Regional Health Centre opened in 2005.

Cambridge Bay is the location of the Canadian High Arctic Research Station (CHARS)[http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=74E65368-1 Canadian High Arctic Research Station (CHARS)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140511035701/http://www.science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=74E65368-1 |date=11 May 2014}} campus as announced by Prime Minister Stephen Harper on 24 August 2010.{{Cite web |url=http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=10191E05-1 |title=Timeline |access-date=15 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313005655/http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en&n=10191E05-1 |archive-date=13 March 2014}} This multidisciplinary station is operated year-round by Polar Knowledge Canada, a federal agency. It is a keystone of Canada's Northern Strategy.[http://www.northernstrategy.gc.ca/index-eng.asp Northern Strategy] Its mandate is stated:

{{blockquote|To be a world-class research station in Canada's Arctic that is on the cutting edge of Arctic issues. The Station will anchor a strong research presence in Canada's Arctic that serves Canada and the world. It will advance Canada's knowledge of the Arctic in order to improve economic opportunities, environmental stewardship, and the quality of life of Northerners and all Canadians.|Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada{{Cite web |url=http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=17191AAB-1 |title=CHARS Mandate |access-date=15 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313005702/http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en&n=17191AAB-1 |archive-date=13 March 2014}}}}

Geography

File:Tunngahugitti Iqaluktuuttiarmi - Welcome to Cambridge Bay.jpg

Situated between Dease Strait{{cite book|last=Pharand|first=D.|author2=Legault, L.H.|title=The Northwest Passage: Arctic Straits|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|year=1984|isbn=90-247-2979-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bYMpwN0COjAC&q=%22dease+strait%22&pg=PA14|page=14}} and Queen Maud Gulf{{cite web|url=http://mailhub.edu.nu.ca/Kitikmeot/Orientation/CambridgeBay.html|title=Cambridge bay, Nunavut|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113222749/http://mailhub.edu.nu.ca/Kitikmeot/Orientation/CambridgeBay.html |archive-date=13 January 2010|publisher=Kitikmeot School Operations}} on the southeast coast of Victoria Island (Kitlineq{{cite web|url=http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/ethnoatlas/hmar/cult_dir/culture.7838|title=Society-COPPER-ESKIMO|publisher=ukc.ac.uk |access-date=1 November 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514030724/http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/EthnoAtlas/Hmar/Cult_dir/Culture.7838 |archive-date=14 May 2008}}), part of the Arctic Archipelago,{{cite encyclopedia|first1=M. J.|last1=Dunbar|first2=Peter|last2=Adams|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/arctic-archipelago/|title=Arctic Archipelago|encyclopedia=The Canadian Encyclopedia|access-date=21 August 2019}} Cambridge Bay is a transportation and administrative centre for the Kitikmeot Region.[http://www.nunavut.ca/en/communities/kitikmeot/cambridge-bay Cambridge Bay] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706191405/http://www.nunavut.ca/en/communities/kitikmeot/cambridge-bay |date=6 July 2011}} at the Nunavut Planning Commission To the north of the community is Tahiryuaq (also spelt Tahikyoak and formerly Ferguson Lake){{cite news|url=http://www.nnsl.com/northern-news-services/stories/papers/aug20_07cambayteatalk.html |title=Traditional names still remain|last=Tologanak|first=Navalik|date=20 August 2007|publisher=Northern News Services Online|access-date=24 January 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502153601/http://www.nnsl.com/northern-news-services/stories/papers/aug20_07cambayteatalk.html|archive-date=2 May 2008}} which flows into Wellington Bay via the Ekalluk River. The Ekalluk River is both an important commercial fishing and archaeological area,{{cite web|url=http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/284796.pdf|title=Cambridge Bay Arctic Char|access-date=20 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111212094326/http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/284796.pdf |archive-date=12 December 2011}} and of particular importance is the short section of the river known as Iqaluktuuq.{{cite web|url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/Iqaluktuurmiutat.pdf |title=Iqaluktuurmiutat: Life at Iqaluktuuq|access-date=20 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928234825/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/research/Iqaluktuurmiutat.pdf |archive-date=28 September 2011}}

About {{cvt|37|km}} west of the community lie the Finlayson Islands which were surveyed by Sir Richard Collinson on board HMS Enterprise during his search for the lost expedition of Sir John Franklin.{{cite book |pages=[https://archive.org/details/journalhmsenter00collgoog/page/n319 286]–288 |url= https://archive.org/details/journalhmsenter00collgoog |title=Journal of H.M.S. Enterprise, on the expedition in search of Sir John Franklin's ships by Behring Strait, 1850–55 |last=Collinson |first=Richard |author2=Collinson, T.B. |year=1889 |publisher=Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington |location=London |isbn= 9780665033872 |oclc=22079420}}

The area was a traditional hunting and fishing location and archaeological sites are often found. The barren-ground caribou, muskox, Arctic char, lake trout and ringed seal were the primary prey, and remain important food sources. Situated east of Cambridge Bay is Ovayok Territorial Park, which includes the large esker known as Uvayuq, formerly Ovayok or Mount Pelly.[http://www.nunavutparks.com/english/parks-special-places/ovayok-territorial-park/overview.aspx Ovayok] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408164726/http://www.nunavutparks.com/english/parks-special-places/ovayok-territorial-park/overview.aspx |date=8 April 2011}} at Nunavut Parks

=Climate=

{{Main|Climate of the Arctic}}

Cambridge Bay has a polar climate, no month having an average temperature of {{cvt|10|C}} or higher, and is listed as ET on the Köppen climate classification. It has never recorded a temperature above freezing between 31 October and 19 April.{{cite web|url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/almanac_e.html?hlyRange=1953-01-01%7C2015-02-12&dlyRange=1929-01-01%7C2015-02-11&mlyRange=1929-01-01%7C2015-02-01&StationID=1786&Prov=NU&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2019&selRowPerPage=25&Line=0&searchMethod=contains&month=4&day=9&txtStationName=cambridge+bay+a&timeframe=4&year=2019&month=4&day=9# |title=Almanac Averages and Extremes for 20 April |date=1 October 2024 |access-date=13 February 2025 |publisher=Environment and Climate Change Canada}} Summers are typically cool and rainy, with pleasant days and chilly nights. Winters are cold, dark, and long, with October being the snowiest month. Snowfall and frosts are possible all year round, though rare during July. Rainfall is usually limited to the summer months of June to September, when the temperature rises above freezing for a few months before dipping back down for another nine months of winter. Average high temperatures reach freezing around June 1 and drop below freezing around September 24. Springs are typically sunny but still very chilly. Autumns are short and crisp, with more frequent cloud cover starting to appear during August and with September being almost constantly cloudy.

The sun is continuously below the horizon, polar night, from approximately 30 November{{cite web|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/canada/cambridge-bay?month=11&year=2025 |title=2025 Sun Graph for Cambridge Bay (November) |access-date=13 February 2025| publisher=Time and Date |website=timeanddate.com}} to 11 January{{cite web|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/canada/cambridge-bay?month=1&year=2025 |title=2025 Sun Graph for Cambridge Bay (January) |access-date=13 February 2025| publisher=Time and Date |website=timeanddate.com}} and above the horizon, midnight sun, 19 May{{cite web|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/canada/cambridge-bay?month=5&year=2025 |title=2025 Sun Graph for Cambridge Bay (May) |access-date=13 February 2025| publisher=Time and Date |website=timeanddate.com}} to 22 July.{{cite web|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/canada/cambridge-bay?month=7&year=2025 |title=2025 Sun Graph for Cambridge Bay (July) |access-date=13 February 2025| publisher=Time and Date |website=timeanddate.com}}

{{Cambridge Bay weatherbox}}

Demographics

In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada, Cambridge Bay had a population of 1,760 living in 571 of its 701 total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:1760-1766}}|1766|1}} from its 2016 population of 1,766. With a land area of {{cvt|195.78|km2}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|1760|195.78|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000202&geocode=A000262 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Nunavut | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=February 9, 2022 | access-date=February 19, 2022}}

The median age of the population in 2021 was 30.4 and 76.1% of the people were over 15.{{cite web |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Nunavut&DGUIDlist=2021A00056208073,2021A000262&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |title=2021 Community Profiles |date=6 December 2022 |access-date=23 December 2022}} Both of these figures are slightly higher than the numbers for Nunavut as a whole (25.6 and 67.5%). In 2021, 82.4% (Nunavut: 85.2%) of the population were listed as Indigenous and 17.6% (Nunavut: 14.8%) as non-Aboriginal. Of the total population 79.5% (Nunavut: 83.7%) were Inuit, 0.9% (Nunavut: 0.3%) Métis and 0.6% (Nunavut: 0.5%) First Nations.

{{Historical populations

| title = Federal census population history of Cambridge Bay

| type = Canada

| align = left

| width =

| state =

| shading =

| percentages =

|1976|616

|1981|815

|1986|1002

|1991|1116

|1996|1351

|2001|1309

|2006|1477

|2011|1608

|2016|1766

|2021|1760

| footnote =

| source = Statistics Canada
{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/CS94-905-1981.pdf | title=1981 Census of Canada: Census subdivisions in decreasing population order | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=May 1992 | access-date=1 February 2022}}{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2013/statcan/rh-hc/CS92-101-1987.pdf | title=1986 Census: Population – Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=September 1987 | access-date=1 February 2022}}{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2013/statcan/rh-hc/CS93-304-1992.pdf | title=91 Census: Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions – Population and Dwelling Counts | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=April 1992 | access-date=1 February 2022}}{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2012/statcan/rh-hc/CS93-357-1997.pdf | title=96 Census: A National Overview – Population and Dwelling Counts | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=April 1997 | access-date=1 February 2022}}{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census01/products/standard/popdwell/Table-CSD-P.cfm?T=1&SR=1&S=1&O=A&PR=62 | title=Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Subdivisions (Municipalities), 2001 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data (Nunavut) | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=15 August 2012 | access-date=1 February 2022}}{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-550/Index.cfm?TPL=P1C&Page=RETR&LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=1&O=A&RPP=9999&CMA=0&PR=62 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (Nunavut) | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=20 August 2021 | access-date=1 February 2022}}{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=51&O=A&RPP=9999&CMA=0&PR=62 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Nunavut) | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=25 July 2021 | access-date=1 February 2022}}{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table.cfm?Lang=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=86&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=62 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Nunavut) | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=8 February 2017 | access-date=1 February 2022}}

}}

class="wikitable collapsible sortable"

|+ Panethnic groups in Cambridge Bay (2001–2021)

! rowspan="2" |Panethnic group

! colspan="2" |2021{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title= Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Cambridge%20Bay&DGUIDlist=2021A00056208073&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&HEADERlist=0 |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}

! colspan="2" |2016{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2021-10-27 |title= Census Profile, 2016 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6208073&Geo2=CD&Code2=6208&SearchText=Cambridge%20Bay&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}

! colspan="2" |2011{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2015-11-27 |title= NHS Profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6208073&Data=Count&SearchText=Cambridge%20Bay&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}

! colspan="2" |2006{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-08-20 |title= 2006 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6208073&Geo2=PR&Code2=62&Data=Count&SearchText=Cambridge%20Bay&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}

! colspan="2" |2001{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-07-02 |title= 2001 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6208073&Geo2=PR&Code2=62&Data=Count&SearchText=Cambridge%20Bay&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}

Population

!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}

!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}

!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}

!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}

!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}

!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}

!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}

!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}

!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}

Indigenous

| 1,450

| {{Percentage | 1450 | 1745 | 2 }}

| 1,465

| {{Percentage | 1465 | 1735 | 2 }}

| 1,290

| {{Percentage | 1290 | 1585 | 2 }}

| 1,215

| {{Percentage | 1215 | 1475 | 2 }}

| 1,035

| {{Percentage | 1035 | 1310 | 2 }}

European{{efn|Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.|name=euro}}

| 215

| {{Percentage | 215 | 1745 | 2 }}

| 225

| {{Percentage | 225 | 1735 | 2 }}

| 260

| {{Percentage | 260 | 1585 | 2 }}

| 235

| {{Percentage | 235 | 1475 | 2 }}

| 260

| {{Percentage | 260 | 1310 | 2 }}

African

| 35

| {{Percentage | 35 | 1745 | 2 }}

| 20

| {{Percentage | 20 | 1735 | 2 }}

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1585 | 2 }}

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1475 | 2 }}

| 20

| {{Percentage | 20 | 1310 | 2 }}

Southeast Asian{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.|name=SoutheastAsian}}

| 20

| {{Percentage | 20 | 1745 | 2 }}

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1735 | 2 }}

| 15

| {{Percentage | 15 | 1585 | 2 }}

| 20

| {{Percentage | 20 | 1475 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1310 | 2 }}

South Asian

| 20

| {{Percentage | 20 | 1745 | 2 }}

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1735 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1585 | 2 }}

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1475 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1310 | 2 }}

Latin American

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1745 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1735 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1585 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1475 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1310 | 2 }}

East Asian{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.|name=EastAsian}}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1745 | 2 }}

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1735 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1585 | 2 }}

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1475 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1310 | 2 }}

Middle Eastern{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.|name=MiddleEastern}}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1745 | 2 }}

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1735 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1585 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1475 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1310 | 2 }}

Other / multiracial{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, {{abbr|n.i.e.|not included elsewhere}}" and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.|name=Other}}

| 20

| {{Percentage | 20 | 1745 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1735 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1585 | 2 }}

| 10

| {{Percentage | 10 | 1475 | 2 }}

| 0

| {{Percentage | 0 | 1310 | 2 }}

Total responses

! 1,745

! {{Percentage | 1745 | 1760 | 2 }}

! 1,735

! {{Percentage | 1735 | 1766 | 2 }}

! 1,585

! {{Percentage | 1585 | 1608 | 2 }}

! 1,475

! {{Percentage | 1475 | 1477 | 2 }}

! 1,310

! {{Percentage | 1310 | 1309 | 2 }}

class="sortbottom"

! Total population

! 1,760

! {{Percentage | 1760 | 1760 | 2 }}

! 1,766

! {{Percentage | 1766 | 1766 | 2 }}

! 1,608

! {{Percentage | 1608 | 1608 | 2 }}

! 1,477

! {{Percentage | 1477 | 1477 | 2 }}

! 1,309

! {{Percentage | 1309 | 1309 | 2 }}

class="sortbottom"

| colspan="11" | {{small|Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses}}

Canadian High Arctic Research Station campus

File:CHARS construction 01.JPG

Cambridge Bay was chosen after a feasibility study that also included Pond Inlet and Resolute as potential locations.{{Cite web |url=http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en&n=A214D0B9-1 |title=Location and Siting |access-date=15 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313025933/http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=A214D0B9-1 |archive-date=13 March 2014}} Prime Minister Harper announced that, starting in 2012, the Government of Canada would spend $142.4 million over a six-year period to build, equip and provision the station. Additionally, again starting in 2012 and spread over six years, the government would provide $46.2 million for the CHARS Science and Technology Program.{{Cite web |url=http://www.science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=DE7B2895-1 |title=Science and Technology Program |access-date=15 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313030050/http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=DE7B2895-1 |archive-date=13 March 2014}} The prime minister stated that to provide for the continuing research and operations $26.5 million per year, beginning in 2018–19, would be made available.{{Cite web |url=http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=8EE1D03E-1 |title=Frequently Asked Questions |access-date=15 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313005754/http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en&n=8EE1D03E-1 |archive-date=13 March 2014}} It is expected that the station will provide 35 to 50 jobs. These jobs, which will be full-time, part-time and seasonal, will start in 2017 and run the Science and Technology Program as well as provide the day-to-day operations of the station. In addition it is expected that 150 jobs will be created during construction for local and other people throughout the north. However, some of these jobs will require the hiring of specialised people from southern locales.{{Cite web |url=http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=8EE1D03E-1#Employment |title=Frequently Asked Questions – Employment |access-date=15 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313005754/http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en&n=8EE1D03E-1#Employment |archive-date=13 March 2014}} Construction began in August 2014,{{Cite web |url=http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=8EE1D03E-1#Design |title=Frequently Asked Questions – Design and Construction |access-date=15 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313005754/http://science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en&n=8EE1D03E-1#Design |archive-date=13 March 2014}} and the campus opened on August 21, 2019.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2018-12-06 |title=Official opening of the Canadian High Arctic Research Station (CHARS) campus |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/polar-knowledge/opening-ceremonies-of-the-chars-campus/official-opening-of-the-chars-campus.html |access-date=2024-07-12 |website=Polar Knowledge Canada}} Construction cost $250 million.{{Cite news |date=2017-07-30 |title='The demand is growing': High Arctic Research Station nears completion |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/the-demand-is-growing-high-arctic-research-station-nears-completion-1.4228576 |work=CBC News}}

Education

File:Cambridge Bay 2011.jpg

File:Cambridge Bay 1998-06-28.jpg

Several educational services are available, including daycare,{{cite web |url=http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/daycare.htm |title=Daycare |publisher=Cambridgebay.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003043544/http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/daycare.htm |archive-date=3 October 2011}} preschool, Kullik Ilihakvik (elementary school) named for the traditional stone lamp the qulliq, Killinik High School, and a public library and museum located in the high school.{{cite web|url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/ |title=Kitikmeot Heritage Society |publisher=Kitikmeotheritage.ca |access-date=20 November 2011}} The community is also the regional centre for the Kitikmeot Campus of Nunavut Arctic College who oversee the Cambridge Bay Community Learning Centre. Courses range from Adult Basic Education to the Nunavut Teacher Education Program (NTEP), which, in partnership with the University of Regina, is able to offer a Bachelor of Education.{{cite web |url=http://www.arcticcollege.ca/contact/ShowLocation_eng.aspx?Location_English=Kitikmeot%20Campus |title=Kitikmeot Campus |publisher=Arcticcollege.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008115403/http://www.arcticcollege.ca/contact/ShowLocation_eng.aspx?Location_English=Kitikmeot%20Campus |archive-date=8 October 2011}}{{cite web |url=http://www.arcticcollege.ca/programs/Default_eng.aspx |title=Programs and Courses |publisher=Arcticcollege.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114123529/http://www.arcticcollege.ca/programs/Default_eng.aspx |archive-date=14 November 2011}}{{cite web |url=http://www.arcticcollege.ca/programs/ProgramView_eng.aspx?ProgramID=012 |title=Nunavut Teacher Education Program |publisher=Arcticcollege.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008115427/http://www.arcticcollege.ca/programs/ProgramView_eng.aspx?ProgramID=012 |archive-date=8 October 2011}}

Land claims

The Kitikmeot Inuit Association, Nunavut Impact Review Board, and Nunavut Planning Commission have offices in Cambridge Bay, as well as the Lands and Resources Department of Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated.{{cite web |url=http://www.polarnet.ca/polarnet/kia.htm |title=Kitikmeot Inuit Association |publisher=Polarnet.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206032306/http://www.polarnet.ca/polarnet/kia.htm |archive-date=6 February 2012}}{{cite web|url=http://www.nirb.ca/ |title=Nunavut Impact Review Board |publisher=Nirb.ca |access-date=20 November 2011}}{{cite web|url=http://www.nunavut.ca/ |title=Nunavut Planning Commission |publisher=Nunavut.ca |access-date=20 November 2011}}[http://www.tunngavik.com/about/departments/land-and-resources/ NTI – Lands and Resources Department] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20100222045340/http://www.tunngavik.com/about/departments/land-and-resources/ |date=22 February 2010}}

Religion

There are three churches in Cambridge Bay: St. George's Anglican Church, which is part of the Diocese of Arctic,{{cite web |url=http://www.arcticnet.org/~cambridgebay/ |title=St. George's Cambridge Bay (Ikaluktutiak), NU Diocese of the Arctic |publisher=Arcticnet.org |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001002612/http://www.arcticnet.org/~cambridgebay/ |archive-date=1 October 2011}} Our Lady of the Arctic Roman Catholic Church, which is part of the Diocese of Mackenzie–Fort Smith,{{Cite web |url=http://mfsdiocese.org/parishes-and-missions/delta-and-arctic-coastal-regions/ |title=Delta and Arctic Coastal Regions |access-date=12 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216032130/http://mfsdiocese.org/parishes-and-missions/delta-and-arctic-coastal-regions/ |archive-date=16 February 2016}} and the Glad Tidings Pentecostal Church.{{cite web |url=http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/churchesreligious.htm |title=Churches & Religious |publisher=Cambridgebay.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003043614/http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/churchesreligious.htm |archive-date=3 October 2011}}

Economy and infrastructure

File:Honey wagon 01.JPG (vacuum truck) in Cambridge Bay]]

There are several businesses in the community. These include a Northern Store (which includes a Quick Stop, selling KFC and Pizza Hut products),{{cite web |url=http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/restaurants.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129051628/http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/restaurants.htm |archive-date=29 January 2011 |title=Restaurants |publisher=Cambridgebay.ca |access-date=20 November 2011}} the Ikaluktutiak Co-operative, part of the Arctic Co-operatives Limited, a branch of the Royal Bank of Canada{{cite web |url=http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/bank.htm |title=Bank |publisher=Cambridgebay.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003043704/http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/bank.htm |archive-date=3 October 2011}} and a stand-alone Canada Post postal service.{{cite web |url=http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/postoffice.htm |title=Post Office |publisher=Cambridgebay.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003043719/http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/postoffice.htm |archive-date=3 October 2011}} Other community businesses include Jago Services, plumbing and electrical,{{cite web |url=http://www.ic.gc.ca/app/ccc/srch/nvgt.do?lang=eng&prtl=1&sbPrtl=&estblmntNo=234567037330&profile=cmpltPrfl&profileId=501&app=sold |title=Jago Services Incorporated |publisher=Ic.gc.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-date=19 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919164741/http://www.ic.gc.ca/app/ccc/srch/nvgt.do?lang=eng&prtl=1&sbPrtl=&estblmntNo=234567037330&profile=cmpltPrfl&profileId=501&app=sold |url-status=dead }} Qillaq operates construction services, mechanics shop, heating fuel and gasoline sales as well as a service garage. Kalgen's operates the Dis & Dat Convenience Store and a separate Dis & Dat Hardware Division (formerly Kitikmeot Supplies), a hardware store. Kalvik Enterprises and Nanook Woodworking, both construction companies{{cite web|url=http://www.phonepages.ca/NU/Cambridge-Bay/Kalvik-Enterprises-b9491967 |title=Kalvik Enterprises |publisher=Phonepages.ca |access-date=20 November 2011}}{{cite web|url=http://www.manta.com/coms2/dnbcompany_l7srst |title=Nanook Woodworking |publisher=Manta.com |access-date=20 November 2011}} and Inukshuk Enterprises, a general contractor, who also operate a service garage and a convenience store.{{cite web|url=http://nni.gov.nu.ca/business/profile/278 |title=Inukshuk Enterprises |publisher=Nni.gov.nu.ca |date=17 January 2011 |access-date=20 November 2011}} The Canadian High Arctic Research Station also provides some local employment.

There is a modern health centre, the Kitikmeot Regional Health Centre, in the community that opened in 2005. It provides facilities that were previously unavailable in the region, however certain procedures still require a trip to Yellowknife or Edmonton. In 2010, the birthing centre was opened in the same building and included local midwives.{{cite web |url=http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/stories/article/22041_Cambridge_Bay_celebrates_birth_closer_to_home/ |title=Cambridge Bay celebrates birth, closer to home |publisher=Nunatsiaqonline.ca |date=22 April 2010 |access-date=20 November 2011}} In 2017, the long term residential care unit was opened upstairs at the Kitikmeot Regional Health Centre.[https://www.gov.nu.ca/health/news/residential-long-term-care-unit-kitikmeot-regional-health-centre-officially-opened Residential long-term care unit in the Kitikmeot Regional Health Centre officially opened] There is a RCMP detachment here, and the Kitikmeot Law Centre has its offices in the community.{{cite web |url=http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/police.htm |title=Police |publisher=Cambridgebay.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003043743/http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/police.htm |archive-date=3 October 2011}}{{cite web |url=http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/legal.htm |title=Legal |publisher=Cambridgebay.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003043807/http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/legal.htm |archive-date=3 October 2011}} The hotels include the Umingmak Lodge Bed and Breakfast, the Arctic Islands Lodge, run by the Co-op and the Green Row operated by Inukshuk Enterprises.{{cite web|url=http://www.cambridgebayhotel.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021016141725/http://www.cambridgebayhotel.com/ |url-status=usurped |archive-date=16 October 2002 |title=Arctic Islands Lodge Inns North Hotel |publisher=Cambridgebayhotel.com |date=10 August 2007 |access-date=20 November 2011}}{{cite web |url=http://www.nunavuttourism.com/plan/operator.aspx?o=296&l=0,2,5,8 |title=Green Row Executive Suites |publisher=Nunavuttourism.com |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929195659/http://www.nunavuttourism.com/plan/operator.aspx?o=296&l=0,2,5,8 |archive-date=29 September 2011}}[https://www.umingmaklodge.com/ Umingmak Lodge Bed and Breakfast]

Phone service is provided by Northwestel, a division of BCE Inc. and, with their companion Bell Mobility, also handle cell phone coverage.{{cite web|url=http://www.nwtel.ca/ |title=Northwestel |publisher=Nwtel.ca |access-date=20 November 2011}}{{cite web |url=http://www.nwtel.ca/wireless/ |title=Latitude Wireless |publisher=Nwtel.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018160045/http://www.nwtel.ca/wireless/ |archive-date=18 October 2011}} Buildings in Cambridge Bay, like in most Nunavut communities, have water and sewage tanks that require regular services by truck. These services along with garbage pick-up are done by the Hamlet.{{cite web |url=http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/municipal.htm |title=Municipal services |publisher=Cambridgebay.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003043815/http://www.cambridgebay.ca/services/municipal.htm |archive-date=3 October 2011}}

Media

=Radio=

class="wikitable sortable"

!Frequency

!Call sign

!Branding

!Format

!Owner

!Notes

FM 97.7

|CFBI-FM

|–

|Community radio

|Cambridge Bay Communications Society

|Broadcasts programming in English and Inuinnaqtun

FM 101.9

|CFFB-1-FM

|CBC Radio One

|Talk radio, public radio

|Canadian Broadcasting Corporation

|Rebroadcaster of CFFB (Iqaluit)

FM 105.1

|CBIN-FM

|CBC Radio One

|Talk radio, public radio

|Canadian Broadcasting Corporation

|Rebroadcaster of CHAK (Inuvik)

Cambridge Bay is served by two CBC Radio One rebroadcasters to allow residents to hear Inuvialuktun language programming, which is the language spoken in Cambridge Bay, that is aired in the afternoons by CHAK.

=Television=

  • Channel 9 – CBENT, CBC North went dark 31 July 2012{{RecnetCanada|CFFB-TV}}
  • Channel 51 is a local channel run by the Kitikmeot Inuit Association featuring local and territorial films, videos and documentaries.

Cable television is available from the local Co-op{{cite web|url=http://www.arcticco-op.com/acl-kitikmeot-cambridge-bay.htm |title=Ikaluktutiak Co-operative Limited |publisher=Arcticco-op.com |access-date=20 November 2011}} and satellite television from either Shaw Direct or Bell Satellite TV.

File:Google Street View trike side.JPG

=Internet services=

  • Northwestel High Speed Internet, DSL
  • Qiniq is a broadband Internet service provider for Nunavut. The community has been served by the Qiniq network since 2005. Qiniq is a fixed wireless service to homes and businesses, connecting to the outside world via a satellite backbone. The Qiniq network is designed and operated by SSi Canada. In 2017, the network was upgraded to 4G LTE technology, and 2G-GSM for mobile voice.
  • Starlink, a satellite internet constellation operated by SpaceX,{{cite news|last1=Grush|first1=Loren|title=SpaceX is about to launch two of its space Internet satellites – the first of nearly 12,000|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/15/17016208/spacex-falcon-9-launch-starlink-microsat-2a-2b-paz-watch-live |access-date=16 February 2018|publisher=The Verge |date=15 February 2018|archive-date=16 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616184857/https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/15/17016208/spacex-falcon-9-launch-starlink-microsat-2a-2b-paz-watch-live |url-status=live}} providing satellite Internet access[https://www.starlink.com/map Starlink]

Transportation

File:GSUE.JPG]]

Although Cambridge Bay lies on the Northwest Passage, there are no passenger ships other than tourist cruises. Cargo shipping lines include NEAS{{cite web|url=https://neas.ca/ |title=NEAS|access-date=23 December 2022}} (from Nunavut and Nunavik{{cite web|url=https://neas.ca/about/corporate/ |title=NEAS corporate structure|access-date=23 December 2022}}) and Nunavut Sealink and Supply,{{cite web|url=https://arcticsealift.com/index |title=Nunavut Sealink and Supply|access-date=23 December 2022}} Arctic Co-operatives Limited, Desgagnes Transarctik, the Qikiqtaaluk Corporation, Sakku Investments Corporation and the Kitikmeot Corporation.{{cite web|url=https://arctic-coop.com/index.php/about-arctic-co-ops/nunavut-sealink-supply-inc/ |title=Nunavut Sealink and Supply Incorporated (NSSI)|access-date=23 December 2022}} provide annual sealift to the community.

The only passenger services are through the Cambridge Bay Airport, from which daily air service to Yellowknife and other Kitikmeot Region communities are offered by Canadian North.{{Cite web |url=http://www.canadiannorth.com/route-map-and-flight-schedule |title=Canadian North Route Map and Flight Schedule |access-date=12 February 2016 |archive-date=6 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306195853/http://www.canadiannorth.com/route-map-and-flight-schedule |url-status=dead }}

Charter and MEDIVAC (air ambulance) services are provided by Keewatin Air. Former MEDIVAC operator Adlair Aviation still operates charters in the region. In the summer floatplane charters are provided by DAL Aviation from the Cambridge Bay Water Aerodrome.{{cite web |url=http://www.higharctic.com/home.htm |title=DAL Aviation at the High Arctic Lodge |publisher=Higharctic.com |date=13 January 2011 |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-date=25 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081225141523/http://www.higharctic.com/home.htm |url-status=dead }}

In 2012, the roads of Cambridge Bay were imaged for Google Street View by a tricycle fitted with a camera system.{{cite news|title=Coming Soon, Google Street View of a Canadian Village You'll Never Drive To |author=Ian Austen |date=22 August 2012 |work=The New York Times |access-date=24 August 2012 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/23/business/an-inuit-village-too-remote-for-cars-gets-street-view.html?_r=1&nl=todaysheadlines&emc=tha26_20120823}} While Cambridge Bay had no cars at the time (only snowmobiles, ATVs, SUVs, buses and trucks), Google responded to a proposal by Cambridge Bay resident Chris Kalluk to include Arctic communities in Street View in order to educate the rest of the world.

Notable residents

  • Stephen Angulalik, an Ahiarmiut fur trader and trading post operator at Kuugjuaq (Perry River).{{cite web |url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/Angulalk/family/family.htm |title=Introducing Stephen Angulalik |publisher=Kitikmeotheritage.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928235300/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/Angulalk/family/family.htm |archive-date=28 September 2011}}
  • Bill Lyall, was a member of the 8th Northwest Territories Legislative Assembly from 1975 to 1979, he was later awarded the Order of Canada for his work with the Arctic Cooperative{{cite web|url=http://archive.gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=8745 |title=William L. Lyall, C.M |publisher=Archive.gg.ca |date=30 April 2009 |access-date=20 November 2011}}{{cite web |url=http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/1997-12/dec8_97lyal.html |title=The Lyalls of Taloyoak |publisher=Nnsl.com |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040816154816/http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/1997-12/dec8_97lyal.html |archive-date=16 August 2004}}
  • Helen Maksagak, the first woman and the first Inuk to be Commissioner of the Northwest Territories (1995–1999) and the first Commissioner of Nunavut (1999–2000), she was awarded the Order of Canada for her work.{{cite web|url=http://archive.gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=6970 |title=Helen Mamayaok Maksagak, C.M., LL.D |publisher=Archive.gg.ca |date=30 April 2009 |access-date=20 November 2011}}
  • Kelvin Ng, won the 1995 election and the first Nunavut election in 1999 representing the Cambridge Bay riding.{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/nunavutvotes2004/riding/005/index.html |title=Nunavut Votes 2004 Cambridge Bay Profile |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date=16 February 2004 |access-date=20 November 2011}}
  • Red Pedersen, worked with Stephen Angulalik while at Perry River{{cite web |url=http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/Angulalk/hudsons/redpedrs/red.htm |title=Red Pedersen |publisher=Kitikmeotheritage.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922235138/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/Angulalk/hudsons/redpedrs/red.htm |archive-date=22 September 2007}} and was elected in both the 1993 NWT election and the 1997 NWT election.
  • Keith Peterson, was the current member of Legislative Assembly of Nunavut having won in the 2004 election and was acclaimed in the 2008 election.{{cite web |url=http://www.elections.nu.ca/apps/Maps/dspList.aspx?region=Cambridge%20Bay |title=Cambridge Bay |publisher=Elections.nu.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-date=27 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927074455/http://www.elections.nu.ca/apps/Maps/dspList.aspx?region=Cambridge%20Bay |url-status=dead }} Peterson was the longest serving Minister of Finance, and was Minister of Health and Social Services.{{Cite web |url=http://www.gov.nu.ca/en/KeithPeterson.aspx |title=Government of Nunavut |access-date=17 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419002547/http://www.gov.nu.ca/en/KeithPeterson.aspx |archive-date=19 April 2012}} He retired in 2017.{{cite web |title=Speaker of the Legislative Assembly Announces Appointments to the Independent Commission to Review Members' Indemnities, Allowances, Expenses and Benefits {{!}} Nunavut Legislative Assembly |url=https://assembly.nu.ca/news-release/speaker-legislative-assembly-announces-appointments-independent-commission-review-membe |website=assembly.nu.ca |access-date=17 February 2020}}
  • Tanya Tagaq (Tanya Tagaq Gillis), an Inuk throat singer and painter{{cite web | title = Tanya Tagaq Gillis | publisher = Centre for Contemporary Canadian Art-Centre de l'art contemporain canadien | url = http://www.ccca.ca/inuit/english/tanya.html?languagePref=en& | access-date =13 October 2009}}{{cite web |url=http://www.nwtel.ca/in-the-community/directory-cover-art/directory-cover-art-gallery/nunavut---2003/ |title=Nunavut – 2003 |publisher=Nwtel.ca |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003223827/http://www.nwtel.ca/in-the-community/directory-cover-art/directory-cover-art-gallery/nunavut---2003/ |archive-date=3 October 2011}} She has performed at Folk on the Rocks in 2005, 2010 and 2015, toured with Björk and released six albums and an EP, Sinaa, Auk/Blood, Anuraaqtuq, Animism (Juno Awards winner in 2015 for Aboriginal Album of the Year and 2014 Polaris Music Prize winner), Retribution, Toothsayer, and Tongues.{{cite web |url=http://www.folkontherocks.com/memories/photos/?show=photos&gid=3 |title=Photos from the 2005 Folk on the Rocks Festival |publisher=Folkontherocks.com |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815204758/http://folkontherocks.com/memories/photos?show=photos&gid=3 |archive-date=15 August 2011}}{{Cite web |url=http://folkontherocks.com/events/memories/lineup-archives?subject=lineup&_year=2010&artist=505 |title=Folk on the Rocks 2010 lineup |access-date=12 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216113743/http://folkontherocks.com/events/memories/lineup-archives?subject=lineup&_year=2010&artist=505 |archive-date=16 February 2016}}{{cite web |url=http://thepuredrop.com.au/artists/tagaq.htm |title=Tanya 'Tagaq' Gillis & Celina Kalluk |publisher=Thepuredrop.com.au |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005053734/http://thepuredrop.com.au/artists/tagaq.htm |archive-date=5 October 2011}}
  • Kane Tologanak, elected to represent the Central Arctic in the 1979 election.

See also

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

{{refbegin}}

  • 2007. "Mosaic – Snow Sprints in Cambridge Bay, Nunavut – Photography by Finn O'Hara". Canadian Geographic. 127, no. 2: 100.
  • Barlishen, W. J., and T. N. Webber. A History of the Development of Commercial Fishing in the Cambridge Bay Area of the Northwest Territories. 1973.
  • Canada. Cambridge Bay. Ottawa: Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment Service, 1984. {{ISBN|0-660-52564-X}}
  • Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology, and Resource Ventures Incorporated. Cambridge Bay Wind Farm. [Ottawa]: The Branch, 1997.
  • Gajda, Roman. Terrain and Site Analysis of Cambridge Bay, N.W.T. Ottawa: Dept. of Mines and Technical Surveys, Geographical Branch, 1962.
  • Hill, Steven Grant. Ethnography of Inuit Elderly in a Present Day Arctic Settlement, Cambridge Bay, N.W.T. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990. {{ISBN|0-315-51565-1}}.

{{refend}}