Outline of the Ottoman Empire
{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to the Ottoman Empire}}
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Ottoman Empire:
Ottoman Empire – historical Muslim empire that lasted from c. 1299 to 1922. It was also known by its European contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey after the principal ethnic group.Gabor Agoston & Bruce Masters: Encyclopaedia of the Ottoman Empire, {{ISBN|081606259-5}}, p.XXV1 At its zenith from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries it controlled Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia and North Africa.
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General history
{{Main article|Ottoman Empire|Timeline of the Ottoman Empire|History of the Ottoman Empire|History of Turkey|Timeline of Anatolian history|Turkic history|Category: History of the Turkish people}}
=Main periods=
=Subperiods=
=Historiography=
{{Main article|Historiography of the Ottoman Empire}}
Structure of the Ottoman Empire
- Economic history of the Ottoman Empire
- State organization of the Ottoman Empire
- Social structure in the Ottoman Empire
- Culture of the Ottoman Empire
- Science and technology in the Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman Turkish language
- Demographics of the Ottoman Empire
- Religion in the Ottoman Empire
- Socioeconomics of the Ottoman enlargement era
- Millet system
- Ottoman Law
- Porte
- Tughra
- Line of succession to the Ottoman throne
- Military of the Ottoman Empire
- Enderun
- Janissary
- Sipahi
- Cebeci
- Nizam-ı Cedid Army
- Timar
- Nöker
- Ikta
- Eyalet
- Vilayets of the Ottoman Empire
- Sanjak
- Ağalık
- Kadılık
- Salname
Titles and posts
{{Main article|Category: Ottoman titles|List of Ottoman titles and appellations}}
History of Ottoman-ruled countries
Ottoman Dynasty
{{Main article|Ottoman Dynasty|Ottoman family tree}}
=The sultans=
{{Main article|List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire}}
{{col-begin|width=95%}}
|
- Osman I
- Orhan (Gazi)
- Murad I (Hüdavendigar)
- Beyazid I (Yıldırım)
- Mehmed I (Çelebi)
- Murad II
- Mehmed II (Fatih)
- Bayezid II (Veli)
- Selim I (Yavuz)
- Suleiman I (Kanuni)
- Selim II (Sarı)
- Murad III
- Mehmed III
- Ahmed I
- Mustafa I
- Osman II (Genç)
- Murad IV
- İbrahim (Deli)
|
- Mehmed IV (Avcı)
- Suleiman II
- Ahmed II
- Mustafa II
- Ahmed III
- Mahmud I
- Osman III
- Mustafa III
- Abdulhamid I
- Selim III
- Mustafa IV
- Mahmud II
- Abdülmecid
- Abdulaziz
- Murad V
- Abdulhamid II
- Mehmed V
- Mehmed VI
{{col-end}}
=Some male members of the Ottoman house=
=Mothers and other women assumed the title Valide Sultan=
{{Main article|List of the mothers of the Ottoman Sultans|List of Valide Sultans}}
- Malhun Hatun
- Nilüfer Hatun
- Gülçiçek Hatun
- Devlet Hatun
- Emine Hatun
- Hüma Hatun
- Gülbahar Hatun
- Sittişah Hatun
- Gülbahar Hatun
- Hafsa Sultan
- Hürrem Sultan
- Nurbanu Sultan
- Safiye Sultan
- Handan Sultan
- Halime Sultan
- Mahfiruz Hatun
- Kösem Sultan
- Turhan Sultan
- Aşub Sultan
- Muazzez Sultan
- Gülnuş Sultan
- Saliha Sultan
- Şehsuvar Sultan
- Mihrişah Kadın
- Şermi Kadın
- Mihrişah Sultan
- Sineperver Sultan
- Nakşidil Sultan
- Bezmiâlem Sultan
- Pertevniyal Sultan
- Şevkefza Sultan
- Tirimüjgan Kadın
- Gülcemal Kadın
- Perestu Kadın
- Gülüstü Hanım
=Some female members of the Ottoman house=
- Hatice Sultan (daughter of Selim I)
- Mihrimah Sultan (daughter of Suleiman I)
- Kaya Sultan
- Hatice Sultan (daughter of Ahmed III)
- Hatice Sultan (daughter of Mustafa III)
- Esma Sultan (daughter of Abdul Hamid I)
- Adile Sultan
- Naile Sultan (daughter of Abdulmejid I)
- Esma Sultan (daughter of Abdülaziz)
- Fehime Sultan
Notable people
{{Main article|Category: People from the Ottoman Empire|List of Ottoman people}}
=Some Crimean Khans=
{{Main article|List of Crimean khans}}
Source:Only vassal khans after 1478
=Some Grandviziers=
{{Main article|List of Ottoman Grand Viziers}}
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- Alaeddin Pasha
- Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Pasha
- Çandarlı (2nd) Halil Pasha
- Mahmut Pasha
- Gedik Ahmet Pasha
- Hersekli Ahmet Pasha
- Karamanlı Mehmet Pasha
- Hadım Sinan Pasha
- Pargalı İbrahim Pasha
- Lütfi Pasha
- Rüstem Pasha
- Sokollu Mehmet Pasha
- Şemiz Ahmed Pasha
- Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha
- Koca Sinan Pasha
- Damat İbrahim Pasha
- Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha
- Cigalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha
- Kuyucu Murat Pasha
- Öküz Kara Mehmet Pasha
- Hadım Mehmet Pasha
- Damat Halil Pasha
- Gazi Hüsrev Pasha
- Bayram Pasha
- Tayyar Mehmet Pasha
- Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha
- Sultanzade Mehmet Pasha
- Nevesinli Salih Pasha
- Kara Musa Pasha
- Hezarpare Ahmet Pasha
- Sofu Mehmet Pasha
- Kara Dev Murat Pasha
- Melek Ahmet Pasha
- Abaza Siyavuş Pasha I
- Tarhoncu Ahmed Pasha
- Kara Dev Murat Pasha
- Gazi Hüseyin Pasha
|
- Köprülü Mehmet Pasha
- Köprülü Fazıl Ahmet Pasha
- Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha
- Abaza Siyavuş Pasha
- Ayaşlı İsmail Pasha
- Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha
- Arabacı Ali Pasha
- Çalık Ali Pasha
- Elmas Mehmet Pasha
- Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha
- Rami Mehmet Pasha
- Baltacı Mehmet Pasha
- Çorlulu Ali Pasha
- Köprülü Numan Pasha
- Silahtar Ali Pasha
- Damad Ibrahim Pasha
- Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha
- Ivaz Mehmed Pasha
- Nişancı Ahmet Pasha
- Yirmisekizzade Mehmet Sait Pasha
- Koca Ragıp Pasha
- Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Pasha
- Alemdar Mustafa Pasha
- Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha
- Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha
- Mustafa Reshid Pasha
- Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha
- Mehmed Fuad Pasha
- Midhat Pasha
- Ahmed Vefik Pasha
- Halil Rifat Pasha
- Ahmed Tevfik Pasha
- Mahmud Shevket Pasha
- Said Halim Pasha
- Talaat Pasha
- Ahmed Izzet Pasha
- Damad Ferid Pasha
{{col-end}}
=Other notable viziers, governors and soldiers=
{{Main article|Category: Lists of Ottoman governors|Category: Military personnel from the Ottoman Empire}}
=Sea men (Kaptan Pashas)=
{{Main article|List of admirals in the Ottoman Empire}}
- Kemal Reis
- Piri ReisPiri Reis can also be classified within the scientists subsection
- Oruç Reis
- Barbaros Hayrettin Pasha
- Aydın Reis
- Turgut Reis
- Kurtoğlu Muslihiddin Reis
- Salih Reis
- Murat Reis the Elder
- Seydi Ali ReisSeydi Ali Reis can also be classified within the authors subsection
- Piyale Pasha
- Kurtoğlu Hızır Reis
- Müezzinzade Ali Pasha
- Kılıç Ali Pasha
- Mezzo Morto Hüseyin Pasha
- Hasan Rami Pasha
=Architects=
{{Main article|Category: Architects from the Ottoman Empire}}
=Artists (painter and calligrapher)=
{{Main article|Category: Artists from the Ottoman Empire|Category: Painters from the Ottoman Empire|List of Ottoman calligraphers}}
=Musicians=
{{Main article|Category: Musicians from the Ottoman Empire|Category: Singers from the Ottoman Empire}}
=Poets and authors=
{{Main article|List of Ottoman poets|Category: Writers from the Ottoman Empire|Category: Novelists from the Ottoman Empire}}
=Men of letters and historians=
{{Main article|Category: Historians from the Ottoman Empire}}
- Aşıkpaşazade
- İdris-i Bitlisi
- Matrakçı Nasuh
- Hoca Sadeddin Efendi
- Mustafa Âlî
- Mustafa Selaniki
- Koçi Bey
- Katip Çelebi
- Evliya Çelebi
- İbrahim Peçevi
- Mustafa Naima
- Osman Aga of Timișoara
- İbrahim Müteferrika
- Silahdar Findiklili Mehmed Aga
- Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi
- Ahmed Resmî Efendi
- Ahmet Cevdet Pasha
- Ziya Gökalp
=Scientists (including Astrologist)=
{{Main article|Category: Scientists from the Ottoman Empire|Category: Astronomers from the Ottoman Empire}}
=Some families=
{{Main article|Category: Families from the Ottoman Empire}}
Buildings
{{Main article|Category: Buildings and structures of the Ottoman Empire|Category:Architecture in the Ottoman Empire}}
=Palaces (İstanbul)=
{{Main article|Category: Ottoman palaces|Ottoman palaces in Istanbul}}
=Mosques (İstanbul)=
{{Main article|Category:Ottoman mosques|Category: Ottoman mosques in Istanbul}}
- Atik Ali Pasha Mosque
- Atik Valide Mosque
- Beyazıt II Mosque
- Dolmabahçe Mosque
- Eyüp Sultan Mosque
- Fatih Mosque
- Firuz Ağa Mosque
- Handan Agha Mosque
- Kılıç Ali Pasha Mosque
- Laleli Mosque
- Mihrimah Mosque
- Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Üsküdar)
- Molla Çelebi Mosque
- The New Mosque
- Nuruosmaniye Mosque
- Nusretiye Mosque
- Ortaköy Mosque
- Pertevniyal Mosque
- Rüstem Pasha Mosque
- Sinan Pasha Mosque
- Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque
- Sultan Ahmet Mosque (Blue Mosque)
- Süleymaniye Mosque
- Şehzade Mosque
- Şemsi Pasha Mosque
- Teşvikiye Mosque
- Yavuz Selim Mosque
- Yeni Valide Mosque
- Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque
- Zeynep Sultan Mosque
= Mosques (Elsewhere) =
{{Main article|Category:Ottoman mosques by country}}
Military
{{Main article|Category: Military of the Ottoman Empire}}
=Wars=
{{Main article|List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire}}
== Croatian–Ottoman Wars ==
{{Main article|Croatian–Ottoman Wars}}
- Long campaign (1443–1444)
- Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War (c. 1493 – 1593)
- Long War (1593–1606)
- Great Turkish War (1662–1699)
==Ottoman Persian Wars==
{{Main article|Ottoman–Persian wars}}
== Ottoman–Venetian Wars ==
{{Main article|Ottoman–Venetian wars}}
- Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430)
- The first Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–1479)
- The second Ottoman–Venetian War (1499–1503)
- The third Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540)
- The fourth Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–1573)
- The fifth Ottoman–Venetian War or Cretan War (1645–1669)
- The sixth Ottoman–Venetian War or Morean War (1684–1699)
- The seventh and last Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718)
== Polish–Ottoman Wars ==
{{Main article|Polish–Ottoman Wars}}
- Moldavian Magnate Wars
- Polish–Ottoman War (1620–1621)
- Polish–Ottoman War (1633–1634)
- Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–1671)
- Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676) (or "2nd Polish–Ottoman War")
- Polish–Ottoman War (1683–1699) (or "3rd Polish–Ottoman War")
== Russo-Turkish War ==
{{Main article|Russo-Turkish Wars}}
== Other wars ==
{{Main article|List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire}}
=Sieges=
{{Main article|List of the cities besieged by the Ottoman Empire|List of Ottoman conquests, sieges and landings|List of cities conquered by the Ottoman Empire}}
- Bursa (1326)
- İznik (1331)
- İzmit (1333)
- Edirne (1361)
- Tarnovo (1393)
- İstanbul (1422)
- Thessalonica (1422)
- Svetigrad (1448)
- İstanbul (1453)
- Belgrade (1456)
- Kruje (1478)
- Rhodes (1480)
- Otranto (1481)
- Cairo (1517)
- Rhodes (1522)
- Algiers (1529)
- Vienna (1529)
- Tunis (1534)
- Baghdat (1534)
- Corfu (1537)
- Diu (1538)
- Aden (1538)
- Castelnuovo (1539)
- Buda (1541)
- Esztergom (1543)
- Van (1547)
- Tripoli (1551)
- Eger(1552)
- Oran (1556)
- Oran (1563)
- Malta (1565)
- Szigetvar (1566)
- Tunis (1574)
- Baghdad (1638)
- Candia (1669)
- Vienna (1683)
- Belgrade (1739)
=Battles (before World War 1)=
{{Main article|List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire|List of the Ottoman battles in which the sultan participated}}
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- Bapheus
- Dimbos
- Pelekanon
- Ihtiman
- Maritsa
- Dubrovnica
- Savra
- Bileca
- 1.Kosova
- Rovine
- Nicopolis
- Ankara
- Varna
- 2.Kosova
- Albulena (Ujëbardha)
- Otlukbeli
- Vasliu
- Valea Alba
- Ekmek Otlak (Câmpul Pâinii)
- Krbava
- Zonchio
- Modon
- Chaldiran
- Marj Dabiq
- Yaunis Khan
- Ridanieh
- Mohács
- Formentera
- Preveza
- Algiers
- Sohoista
- Ponza
- Djerbe
- Lepanto
- Çıldır
- Torches
- Sisak
- Keresztes
- Cecora
- Khotyn (1621)
- Focchies
- Dardanelles (1654)
- Dardanelles (1655)
- Dardanelles (1656)
- Dardanelles (1657)
- Saint Gotthard
- Khotyn (1673)
- Vienna
- 2.Mohács
- Slankamen
- Oinousses Islands (Koyun Adaları)
- Andros
- Zenta
- Pruth River
- Petrovaradin
- Imbros
- Matapan
|
- Hisarcık (Grocka)
- Stavuchany
- Chesma
- Larga
- Kagul
- Fokşan
- Rymnik
- Kaliakra (1791)
- Pyramids
- Abukir
- Arpachai
- Athos
- Al Safra
- Jeddah
- Čegar
- Alamana
- Dragashani
- Dervenakia
- Kamatero
- Navarino
- Kulevicha
- Algiers
- 3.Kosova
- Konya
- Nezib
- Oltenitza
- Sinop
- Kurekdere
- Eupatoria
- Kızıl Tepe
- Plevna
- Shipka
- Tashkessen
- Dömeke
- Tobruk
- Beirut
- Kardzhali
- Sarantaporo
- Giannitsa
- Kumanovo
- Kirk Kilisse
- Pente Pigadia
- Prilep
- Lule Burgas
- Merhamli
- Sorovich
- Monastir
- Kaliakra (1912)
- Imroz (Elli)
- Bulair
- Şarköy
- Adrianople
- Lemnos (Limni)
- Bizani
- Scutari
- Yenidje
{{col-end}}
=Battles of the First World War=
{{Main article|Category:Battles of World War I involving the Ottoman Empire}}
== Caucasus Campaign ==
{{Main article|Caucasus Campaign}}
== Mesopotamian campaign ==
== Sinai and Palestine Campaign ==
{{Main article|Sinai and Palestine Campaign}}
== Gallipoli Campaign ==
{{Main article|Gallipoli Campaign}}
- Çanakkale deniz (Naval operations)
- Arıburnu (Anzac Cove)
- Helles
- 1.Kirte (Krithia)
- 2.Kirte (Krithia)
- 3.Kirte (Krithia)
- Kumkale
- Sığındere (Gully Ravine)
- Anafartalar (Sari Bair)
- Kirte Bağları (Krithia Vineyard)
- Kanlısırt (Lone Pine)
- Suvla
- Kılışbayır (The Nek)
- Conk Bayırı (Chunuk Bair)
- Yusufçuk Tepe (Scimitar Hill)
- Hill 60
=Treaties=
{{Main article|List of treaties of the Ottoman Empire}}
{{col-begin|width=95%}}
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- Ottoman–Venetian
- Edirne-Segedin (Szeged)
- Constantinople (1479)
- Constantinople (1533)
- Franco-Turkish
- Adrianople (1547)
- Amasya
- Adrianople (1568)
- Istanbul (1590)
- Zitvatorok
- Nasuh Pasha
- Serav
- Khotyn
- Kasr'ı Şirin (Zuhab)
- Vasvar
- Buczacs
- İzvença (Zurawno)
- Bakhchisarai
- Karlowitz
- Constantinople (1700)
- Pruth
- Passarowitz
- İstanbul (1724)
- Ahmet Pasha
- İstanbul (1736)
- Belgrade
- Niš
- Kerden
- Kuçük Kaynarca
- Aynalıkavak
- Sistova
- Jassy
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- Algeria
- Tripoli
- Tunis
- Paris
- Kale’i Sültani (Dardanelles)
- Bucharest
- Erzurum
- Akkerman
- Adrianople
- İstanbul (1832)
- Hünkâr İskelesi
- Kütahya
- Balta limanı
- London (1840)
- London (1841)
- Paris (1856)
- Scutari
- Ayastefanos (Yeşilköy)
- Berlin (1878)
- Cyprus
- Tophane
- İstanbul (1897)
- Ouchy
- London (1913)
- İstanbul (1913)
- Athens
- Erzincan
- Brest Litovsk
- Batum
- Mudros
- Sèvres
{{col-end}}
=Revolts and notable events=
{{Main article|Rebellions in the Ottoman Empire}}
Diplomacy
{{Main article|Category: Foreign relations of the Ottoman Empire|Category: Diplomats of the Ottoman Empire}}
Lists
{{Main article|Category: Ottoman Empire-related lists}}
See also
Notes
External links
{{Sister project links|Ottoman Empire}}
- [http://courses.washington.edu/otap/ Ottoman Text Archive Project – University of Washington]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20101206170311/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e1801?_hi=0&_pos=3 Ottoman Empire in The Oxford Dictionary of Islam]
- [http://www.umich.edu/~turkish/ottemp.html The Ottoman Empire: Resources – University of Michigan]
- [http://www.turizm.net/turkey/history/ottoman.html The Ottoman Empire: A Chronological Outline]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/19991008042702/http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/OTTOMAN/OTTOMAN1.HTM World Civilizations: The Ottomans] A comprehensive site that covers much about the Ottoman state and government
- [http://www.ottomanhistorypodcast.com/ Ottoman History Podcast] An internet radio broadcast dedicated to the history, culture and society of the Ottoman Empire and Middle East
- [http://aton.ttu.edu Turkish Oral Narrative]
- [http://www.ottomanliterature.com/ The Online Bibliography of Ottoman-Turkish Literature] A bi-lingual site (English version) presenting a user-submissable database of references to theses, books, articles, papers and research-projects
- [http://www.osmanliedebiyati.com/ Osmanlı Edebiyatı Çalışmaları Bibliyografyası Veritabanı] Turkish version of The Online Bibliography of Ottoman-Turkish Literature
- [http://www.theottomans.org Information about Ottomans]
- {{cite web|url= http://www.unm.edu/~phooper/thesis_condensed.pdf |title=Forced population transfers in early Ottoman imperial policy }} {{small|(566 KB)}} – covers the period 1300–1600
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20080423225331/http://muze.sabanciuniv.edu/collection/collection.php?lngCollectionID=11&bytLanguageID=2 The Sakıp Sabancı Collection of Ottoman Calligraphy ]
- [http://ottomanblog.wordpress.com Ottomans History Blog]
- [http://www.turkeyswar.com Turkey in the First World War]
- [http://www.ottomannavy.com/ Ottoman Navy and Navigation]
- [http://www.karalahana.com/fotograflar/thumbnails.php?album=35 Engravings of Ottoman Empire – HQ image gallery] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105010433/http://www.karalahana.com/fotograflar/thumbnails.php?album=35 |date=2011-11-05 }}
- [http://www.dilbilimi.net/osmanli_arastirmalari.htm Ottoman Studies Resources in Internet]
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