Screamo#cite note-SYWh-85

{{listen

| filename = Bang_Yer_Head.ogg

| title = "Bang Yer Head" by Portraits of Past

| description = An example of early screamo by Portraits of Past, an influential band which helped define the genre.Telang, Veethi. Buzzle: Intelligent Life on the Web. {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110402042111/http://www.buzzle.com/articles/good-screamo-songs.html "Good Screamo Songs"]}}.

| filename2 = Thursday_Cross_Out_The_Eyes.ogg

| title2 = "Cross Out the Eyes" by Thursday

| description2 = An example of screamo's influence on mainstream music, popularized by Thursday in the early 2000s.

| filename3 = Loma_Prieta_-_Fly_By_Night.ogg

| title3 = "Fly by Night" by Loma Prieta

| description3 = An example of contemporary screamo by Loma Prieta, featuring harsh vocals, stylistic transitions, and emotional lyrics.

}}

Screamo is a style of hardcore punk-influenced emo with screaming. Alex Henderson of AllMusic considers screamo a bridge between hardcore punk and emo, and Andrew Sacher of BrooklynVegan states the genre is "built on chaos."{{cite web |last=Henderson |first=Alex |title=Let It Enfold You - Senses Fail |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/r793934 |access-date=December 15, 2011 |publisher=AllMusic}}{{Cite web |last=Sacher |first=Andrew |title=15 Best Emo & Post-Hardcore Albums of 2004 |url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/15-best-emo-post-hardcore-albums-of-2004/ |access-date=2025-04-18 |website=BrooklynVegan |language=en-US}} The term screamo is a portmanteau of the words "scream" and "emo". Screamo uses typical rock instrumentation, but is notable for its brief compositions, chaotic sounds, harmonized guitars, and screaming vocals.{{cite news |last=Keltz |first=Dryw |date=November 22, 2006 |title=Screamo, San Diego's Baby |url=http://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2006/nov/22/screamo-san-diegos-baby/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402181628/http://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2006/nov/22/screamo-san-diegos-baby/ |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |access-date=February 1, 2015 |work=San Diego Reader}} Screamo is characterized "by frequent shifts in tempo and dynamics and by tension-and-release catharses." Many screamo bands also incorporate ballads. According to AllMusic, screamo is "generally based in the aggressive side of the overarching punk-revival scene." Screamed vocals are used "not consistently, but as a kind of crescendo element, a sonic weapon to be trotted out when the music and lyrics reach a particular emotional pitch." Emotional singing and harsh screaming are common vocals in screamo.

File:Off_Minor_(1).jpg performing, June 2008]]

Screamo lyrics often feature topics such as emotional pain, breakups, romantic interest, politics, and human rights.{{cite news |last=Chandler |first=Michael Alison |date=April 13, 2006 |title=Angst Amplified in Songs |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/12/AR2006041202059.html |newspaper=The Washington Post}} These lyrics are usually introspective, similar to that of softer emo bands. The New York Times noted that "part of the music's appeal is its un-self-conscious acceptance of differences, respect for otherness." Some screamo bands openly demonstrate acceptance of religious, nonreligious, and straight edge lifestyles

Many screamo bands in the 1990s saw themselves as implicitly political, and as a reaction against the turn to the right embodied by California politicians, such as Roger Hedgecock.Interview with Justin Pearson on Skatepunk.net, [http://www.skatepunk.net/articles/jpiview.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080628053100/http://www.skatepunk.net/articles/jpiview.html|date=June 28, 2008}} Access date: June 13, 2008 Some groups were also unusually theoretical in inspiration: Angel Hair cited surrealist writers Antonin Artaud and Georges Bataille, and Orchid lyrically name-checked French new wave icon Anna Karina, German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, French philosopher Michel Foucault, and critical theory originators the Frankfurt School.Orchid, Dance Tonight, Revolution Tomorrow. Allmusic Guide. [{{AllMusic|class=album|id=r615293|pure_url=yes}}] Access date: June 17, 2008.

While the genre was developing in the early 1990s, it was not initially called "screamo."Ebullition Catalog, Portraits of Past discography. [http://www.ebullition.com/catalog32.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710165444/http://www.ebullition.com/catalog32.html|date=July 10, 2011}} Access date: August 9, 2008. Chris Taylor, lead vocalist for the band Pg. 99, said "we never liked that whole screamo thing. Even during our existence, we tried to venture away from the fashion and tell people, 'Hey, this is punk.'"Lars Gotrich, [https://www.npr.org/blogs/allsongs/2011/08/16/139675216/pg-99-a-document-revisited Pg. 99: A Document Revisited] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150424140029/http://www.npr.org/blogs/allsongs/2011/08/16/139675216/pg-99-a-document-revisited |date=April 24, 2015 }}: NPR Music Interview Jonathan Dee of The New York Times wrote that the term "tends to bring a scornful laugh from the bands themselves."{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/29/magazine/the-summer-of-screamo.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all|title=The Summer of Screamo|last=Dee|first=Jonathan|date=June 29, 2003|work=The New York Times|access-date=September 11, 2010|archive-date=June 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613222328/https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/29/magazine/the-summer-of-screamo.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all|url-status=live}} Lars Gotrich of NPR Music made the following comment on the matter in 2011:

{{cquote

|The screamo scene [has] change[d] a lot in the last 10 years. There used to be more creative bands like Circle Takes the Square and City of Caterpillar. And then it took this route where screamo got really streamlined and unrecognizable to the point where someone hilariously invented the term skramz to distinguish the first wave of screamo bands.}}

In the 2000s, the term "screamo" began being used loosely to describe any use of human vocal instrument growled-word vocals (commonly termed screamed vocals) in music. It has been applied to a wide variety of genres unrelated to the original screamo scene.{{cite web|url=http://www.jimdero.com/OtherWritings/OtherScreamoGW.htm|title=Screamo|publisher=Jimdero.com|access-date=December 15, 2011|archive-date=June 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613222328/http://www.jimdero.com/OtherWritings/OtherScreamoGW.htm|url-status=live}} Juan Gabe, vocalist for the band Comadre, alleged that the term "has been kind of tainted in a way, especially in the States."{{cite web|url=http://yellowisthenewpink.com/articles_detail.php?idno=21|title=Comadre - hc/punk/screamo from redwood city/california|date=April 18, 2007|website=Yellow is the New Pink|access-date=August 2, 2008|archive-date=August 10, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810091259/http://yellowisthenewpink.com/articles_detail.php?idno=21|url-status=live}} Derek Miller, guitarist for the band Poison the Well, noted the term's constant differing usages and jokingly stated that it "describes a thousand different genres." Bert McCracken, lead singer of The Used, stated that screamo is merely a term "for record companies to sell records and for record stores to categorize them."{{cite magazine|last=Greenwald|first=Andy|date=November 21, 2003|title=Screamo 101|url=https://ew.com/article/2003/11/21/screamo-101/|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|issue=738|access-date=August 2, 2008|archive-date=November 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111042806/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,543090,00.html|url-status=live}}

{{see also|Emo#Screamo}}

File: Live-pg.99.jpg performing in Reading, Pennsylvania]]

Around 1990 and 1991, a number of bands began pushing the sound of early emo into more extreme and chaotic territory. The earliest of these acts were New Jersey's Iconoclast and Merel, however the most influential acts were those from San Diego and signed to Gravity Records.{{cite book |last1=Sfetcu |first1=Nicolae |title=The Music Sound |date=2006 |quote=Hardcore Emo is a style of music that existed primarily in the early-mid 90s, also known as "chaotic emo". Many Hardcore Emo bands are often misinterpreted as Emo Violence bands. The first hints of the sound began with bands like "Merel" and "Iconoclast" on the East Coast, but it is considered to have primary started in 1991 by the San Diego band Heroin. The sound is most associated with that and other bands on Gravity Records at the time. Hardcore Emo took the emo sound of bands like Indian Summer, Embassy, Current, Still Life, etc. and made it faster and much more chaotic. Some later bands that followed include Antioch Arrow, Mohinder, Portraits of Past, Swing Kids, Honeywell, Angel Hair, Assfactor 4, Palatka and John Henry West.}} In particular, Heroin are the band generally cited as either pioneering screamo or being the band that inspired the earliest acts in the genre,{{cite web |title=10 Essential Screamo Albums |date=February 20, 2014 |url=https://www.treblezine.com/10-best-screamo-albums/ |access-date=30 October 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Sacher |first1=Andrew |title=25 essential screamo albums from the '90s/'00s that still hold up today |url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/25-essential-screamo-albums-from-the-90s00s-that-still-hold-up-today/ |website=Brooklyn Vegan |date=April 17, 2020 |access-date=30 October 2023 |archive-date=November 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106204008/https://www.brooklynvegan.com/25-essential-screamo-albums-from-the-90s00s-that-still-hold-up-today/ |url-status=live }} with other notable bands from the city, including Angel Hair, Antioch Arrow and Swing Kids. These early San Diego screamo bands were sometimes called "spock rock" by fans due to many of them dyeing their hair black and cutting straight fringes similar to the Star Trek character Spock. This, in combination with their geek-chic style of dressing would prove particularly influential on the development of the subsequent emo and scene subcultures.{{cite web |last1=Stewart |first1=Ethan |title=FROM HARDCORE TO HARAJUKU: THE ORIGINS OF SCENE SUBCULTURE |url=https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |website=PopMatters |date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=31 October 2023 |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525180042/https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |url-status=live }}

In New Jersey, the genre continued to grow, soon expanding into New York City. Native Nod, Rye Coalition, 1.6 Band, and Rorschach all became prominent in this scene, which was centred around ABC No Rio,{{cite book |last1=Sfetcu |first1=Nicolae |title=American Music |date=9 May 2014 |page=340 |quote=At the same time, in the New York/New Jersey area, bands such as Native Nod, Merel, 1.6 Band, Policy of 3, Rye Coalition and Rorschach were feeling the same impulse. Many of these bands were involved with the ABC No Rio club scene in New York, itself a response to the violence and stagnation in the scene and with the bands that played at CBGBs, the only other small venue for hardcore in New York at the time. Much of this wave of emo, particularly the San Diego scene, began to shift towards a more chaotic and aggressive form of emo, nicknamed screamo.}} while the sound expanded to elsewhere in the United States with Universal Order of Armageddon (from Baltimore) and Mohinder (from Cupertino, California).{{cite book |last1=Sfetcu |first1=Nicolae |title=The Music Sound |date=2006 |quote=Screamo History: In California in the early 1990s, Gravity Records from San Diego released many defining records of this style. Significant Emo bands from this time include Heroin, Angel Hair, Antioch Arrow, Universal Order of Armageddon Swing Kids, and Mohinder. In the New York/New Jersey era, bands such as Native Nod, Merel, 1.6 Band, Rye Coalition and Rorschach were feeling the same impulse. The labels Gern Blandsten Records and Troubleman Records released many of the influential records from that region and era. Many of these bands were involved with the ABC No Rio club scene in New York, itself a response to the violence and stagnation in the scene and with the bands that played at CBGBS, the only other small venue for hardcore in New York at the time.}} In San Francisco, Portraits of Past were one of the earliest groups to merge the primitive screamo sound with post-rock, a combination that Funeral Diner would then continue, while also embracing the influence of black metal.

At the same time, many bands in the southern United States began pushing the early screamo sound even further sonically. Columbia, South Carolina band In/Humanity coined the term "emoviolence" to describe this sound, played by them, as well as Florida bands Palatka and the End of the Century Party. When coined, the term was a tongue in cheek portmanteau of "emo" and "powerviolence", two genre descriptions the members of In/Humanity maligned, as well as a reference to the album Emotional Violence by funk band Cameo, however as subsequent bands took influence from the sound of these groups, the term became increasingly widespread.{{cite book |last1=Sfetcu |first1=Nicolae |title=The Music Sound |date=2006 |quote=Emo Violence or "Emoviolence", also related to screamo and Hardcore Emo, is a subgenre of music that evolved from Hardcore in the early 1990s, primarily in the Southeast of the United States - Florida in particular, (this can be seen on the Southeast Hardcore, Fuck Yeah!! compilation). This form of music uses vocals pushed past the point of normal sound by yelling and screaming, with occasional spoken words or singing. Emo Violence is often poorly recorded to give it a foggy, low-fidelity sound. Although just as loud as Grindcore, it ends up being much less technical and dark sounding than Napalm Death or as crunchy and angular as Pig Destroyer.
Emo Violence is the direct link from Emo to Screamo through reprocessing of influences. The term was originally coined by the group In/Humanity as a joke in reference to their own band and friend's bands Palatka and End of the Century Party. The tongue-in-cheek genre descriptor was a play on other meaningless genre descriptors of the time: (namely emo and powerviolence). In/Humanity claims that the phrase actually comes from the song "Emotional Violence" by the funk group Cameo...
The term Emo Violence was originally created by the band In/Humanity as a joke. Chris Bickel, the band's front man, took the name from the Cameo album "Emotional Violence", the usage itself an ironically joking play on the term power violence, as used to describe bands like Infest, Man Is The Bastard and Spazz. The term then began to be used to refer to other bands in the southeast that played a similar style such as Palatka and End of the Century Party (whose split 7" is perhaps the quintessential emo violence record). Although the term became more commonplace in the underground hardcore scene, it was always seen as a tongue-in-cheek description, but was used by bands who wanted to separate themselves from emotive hardcore and hated the term "screamo." Bands who play emo violence today (in the EOTCP/Palatka sense of the genre) are few and far between - Those who claim the genre usually have little similarity to its founding fathers.}}{{cite book |last1=Walker |first1=Matt |title=Gainesville Punk A History of Bands & Music |date=2016 |publisher=History Press |page=98 |quote=Between booking shows, touring and recording, Palatka quickly found a kinship in bands like The End of the Century Party and South Carolina's In/Humanity. A subgenre name even sprung up around Palatka and their peers: emoviolence. The term was a joke that originated with In/Humanity, based on the rampant naming of punk subgenres of the time; it combined the increasingly maligned "emo" descriptor with the similarly mocked "powerviolence." Although it was meant as a joke, the term lingered and remains associated with those bands.}}

Towards the end of the 1990s and into the 2000s, Virginia developed a large and influential screamo scene: Pg. 99, who continued in the extreme and chaotic screamo sound; City of Caterpillar, who were one of the most influential early bands to merge screamo with post-rock; Majority Rule who merged the genre with metalcore; and Malady who merged post-inflected screamo with indie rock. All of which released albums which BrooklynVegan writer Andrew Sacher called essential albums in the genre. One of the most influential bands to come from the New York City screamo scene was Saetia, who formed in 1997 and created a sound influenced by math rock, jazz and Midwest emo. Following Saetia's 1999 disbandment, its members formed the similarly influential bands Off Minor and Hot Cross. Other impactful groups in the genre at this time included Jeromes Dream, Neil Perry, I Hate Myself, Reversal of Man, Yaphet Kotto and Orchid.

File:MuchMusic Video Awards 2007 608.jpg

By 1995, the term "screamo" drifted into the music press, especially in the journalism of Jim DeRogatis and Andy Greenwald.Jim DeRogatis, "Screamo", Guitar World, November 2002 [http://www.jimdero.com/OtherWritings/OtherScreamoGW.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613222328/http://www.jimdero.com/OtherWritings/OtherScreamoGW.htm|date=June 13, 2023}} Access date: July 18, 2008 Following the release of their 2001 album Full Collapse, New Jersey's Thursday were the first screamo–influenced band to gain significant media attention.{{cite web |last1=Cohen |first1=Ian |last2=Anthony |first2=David |last3=Corcoran |first3=Nina |last4=Garland |first4=Emma |last5=Nelson |first5=Brad |title=The 100 Greatest Emo Songs of All Time A sweeping look at rock's most misunderstood genre. |url=https://www.vulture.com/article/best-emo-songs.html |website=Vulture |date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=31 October 2023 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213181251/https://www.vulture.com/article/best-emo-songs.html |url-status=live }} The following year, saw the release of Canada's Alexisonfire's self-titled album, which Metal Hammer writer Matt Mills called "key in legitimising the screamo sound".{{cite web |last1=Mills |first1=Matt |title=Every Alexisonfire album ranked from worst to best |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/every-alexisonfire-album-ranked-from-worst-to-best |website=Metal Hammer |date=June 27, 2023 |access-date=31 October 2023 |archive-date=October 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031230249/https://www.loudersound.com/features/every-alexisonfire-album-ranked-from-worst-to-best |url-status=live }} In the following years, the Used, Thrice, Finch and Silverstein all gained significant attention for furthering this sound. In contrast to the do-it-yourself screamo bands of the 1990s, screamo bands such as Thursday and the Used signed multi-album contracts with labels such as Island Def Jam and Reprise Records.Greenwald, p. 149. However, this style's connection to the genre has been disputed, with some referring to it as "MTV screamo" or "pop-screamo", and many bands more commonly being categorized as post-hardcore or metalcore.{{cite web |date=October 13, 2015 |title=10 Defunct Pop-Screamo Bands You Totally Missed The Boat On - Features - Alternative Press |url=https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_defunct_pop_screamo_bands_you_totally_missed_the_boat_on |access-date=January 18, 2018 |publisher=Altpress.com |archive-date=January 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107061344/https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_defunct_pop_screamo_bands_you_totally_missed_the_boat_on |url-status=dead }}

In the underground screamo scene, post-rock became an increasingly prominent influence amongst bands. The most prominent and influential of these acts was Richmond, Virginia's City of Caterpillar, who Vice writer Jason Heller stated "encompass [the] era".{{cite web|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/r7py5q/city-of-caterpillar-retrospective|title=Ambient Apocalypse: How City of Caterpillar Encompassed an Era|website=Noisey|date=May 20, 2016|language=en-us|access-date=July 18, 2017|archive-date=January 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118181226/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/r7py5q/city-of-caterpillar-retrospective|url-status=live}} Music critics coined the term "post-screamo" to refer to this sound.{{Cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ECsEAAAAMBAJ|title=CMJ New Music Monthly|journal=CMJ New Music|date=2004|publisher=CMJ Network, Inc.|language=en|issn=1074-6978}}{{Cite news|url=http://www.gazettextra.com/20170126/the_get_down_touche_amore_radiator_hospital_curse_words_bummer_jams|title=The Get Down: Touche Amore, Radiator Hospital, Curse Words, bummer jams|last=Ward|first=Xavier|date=January 26, 2017|access-date=July 17, 2017|archive-date=February 3, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203181744/http://www.gazettextra.com/20170126/the_get_down_touche_amore_radiator_hospital_curse_words_bummer_jams|url-status=dead}} Other prominent acts making this sound at the time included Circle Takes the Square, Raein, Envy and Daïtro. Fluff Fest, held in Czechia since 2000, was in 2017 described by Bandcamp Daily as a "summer ritual" for many fans of screamo in Europe.{{cite web|url=https://daily.bandcamp.com/2017/09/20/czech-diy-list/|title=The Sincere and Vibrant World of the Czech DIY Scene|publisher=Bandcamp|first=Jacopo|last=Sanna|date=September 20, 2017|access-date=October 7, 2017|archive-date=March 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180312223729/https://daily.bandcamp.com/2017/09/20/czech-diy-list/|url-status=live}}

{{See also|Emo revival#The Wave and screamo revival|label 1=Screamo revival}}

In the early 2010s the term "screamo" began to be largely reclaimed by a new crop of do-it-yourself bands, with many screamo acts, like Loma Prieta, Pianos Become the Teeth, La Dispute, and Touché Amoré releasing records on fairly large independent labels such as Deathwish Inc.{{cite web|url=http://www.deathwishinc.com/bands/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010918225204/http://www.deathwishinc.com/bands/|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 18, 2001|title=Deathwish Inc.|date=September 18, 2001}} In 2011 Alternative Press noted that La Dispute is "at the forefront of a traditional-screamo revival" for their critically acclaimed release Wildlife.{{cite web|url=http://www.altpress.com/reviews/entry/la_dispute_wildlife|title=La Dispute - Wildlife - Reviews - Alternative Press|website=Alternative Press|date=December 27, 2011|language=en|access-date=June 19, 2017|archive-date=January 9, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120109085346/http://www.altpress.com/reviews/entry/la_dispute_wildlife|url-status=live}} They are a part of a group of stylistically similar screamo-revival bands self-defined as "The Wave," made up of Touché Amoré, La Dispute, Defeater, Pianos Become the Teeth, and Make Do and Mend.{{cite web|url=http://www.caughtinthecrossfire.com/music/la-dispute-interview/|title=La Dispute Interview {{!}} Features {{!}} Caught in the Crossfire|website=www.caughtinthecrossfire.com|language=en|access-date=June 19, 2017|archive-date=March 10, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310050357/http://www.caughtinthecrossfire.com/music/la-dispute-interview/|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/jun/29/a-to-z-of-pop-genres-2012|title=The A-Z of pop in 2012|last1=Considine|first1=Clare|date=June 29, 2012|work=The Guardian|access-date=June 19, 2017|last2=Gibsone|first2=Harriet|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|last3=Pattison|first3=Louis|last4=Richards|first4=Sam|last5=Rowe|first5=Sian|archive-date=January 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106173055/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/jun/29/a-to-z-of-pop-genres-2012|url-status=live}} As well as, California's Deafheaven, who formed in 2010, having been described as screamo, in a style similar to that of Envy.{{cite web |last1=Bayer |first1=Johan |title=Deafheaven: Sunbather |website=The A.V. Club |date=June 11, 2013 |url=https://www.avclub.com/deafheaven-sunbather-1798177040 |access-date=May 30, 2018 |archive-date=July 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714193458/https://music.avclub.com/deafheaven-sunbather-1798177040 |url-status=live }} Alternative Press has cited a "pop screamo revival" along with this, with bands like Before Their Eyes, the Ongoing Concept, Too Close to Touch and I Am Terrified.

File:Ostraca2015.jpg

In August 2018, Noisey writer Dan Ozzi declared that it was the "Summer of Screamo" in a month-long series documenting screamo acts pushing the genre forward following the decline in popularity of "The Wave," as well as the reunions of seminal bands such as Pg. 99, Majority Rule, City of Caterpillar,{{Cite news|url=http://www.brooklynvegan.com/majority-rule-playing-reunion-tour-dates-with-pg-99-and-city-of-caterpillar/|title=Majority Rule playing reunion tour dates with pg.99 and City of Caterpillar|work=BrooklynVegan|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=April 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401083745/http://www.brooklynvegan.com/majority-rule-playing-reunion-tour-dates-with-pg-99-and-city-of-caterpillar/|url-status=live}} and Jeromes Dream.{{Cite news|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/ne5dm7/the-spirit-of-screamo-is-alive-and-well|title=The Spirit of Screamo Is Alive and Well|date=August 1, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214631/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/ne5dm7/the-spirit-of-screamo-is-alive-and-well|url-status=live}} Groups highlighted in this coverage, including Respire,{{Cite news|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_ca/article/qvxnn5/respire-bound-premiere-interview-toronto-post-rock|title=Respire's "Bound" Is the Emotional Post-Rock and Screamo Epic We Deserve|date=April 16, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-ca|archive-date=August 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827005257/https://noisey.vice.com/en_ca/article/qvxnn5/respire-bound-premiere-interview-toronto-post-rock|url-status=live}}{{Cite web |last=Cory |first=Ian |date=April 24, 2018 |title=Ten Albums Which Fueled Respire's "Dénouement" |url=https://www.invisibleoranges.com/respire-influences/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426105423/http://www.invisibleoranges.com/respire-influences/ |archive-date=April 26, 2018 |access-date=February 7, 2023 |website=Invisible Oranges |language=en}} Ostraca,{{Cite news|url=https://www.stereogum.com/1974740/stereogums-80-favorite-songs-of-2017/franchises/2017-in-review/|title=Stereogum's 80 Favorite Songs Of 2017|date=December 11, 2017|work=Stereogum|access-date=August 26, 2018|archive-date=August 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815052829/https://www.stereogum.com/1974740/stereogums-80-favorite-songs-of-2017/franchises/2017-in-review/|url-status=live}} Portrayal of Guilt,{{Cite news|url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/6-new-songs-you-need-hear-week-72018|title=6 New Songs You Need to Hear This Week: 7/20/18|date=July 20, 2018|work=Revolver|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826220241/https://www.revolvermag.com/music/6-new-songs-you-need-hear-week-72018|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=http://clrvynt.com/portrayal-of-guilt-stream/|title=Portrayal of Guilt Resuscitate Screamo's Dangerous Potential|website=CLRVYNT|date=May 2, 2017|language=en|access-date=August 26, 2018|archive-date=August 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825041531/http://clrvynt.com/portrayal-of-guilt-stream/|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_au/article/ywkd8x/portrayal-of-guilt-chamber-of-misery-part-i-five-inch-ep|title=Hear a Dark, Brooding Song from Portrayal of Guilt's Five-Inch Picture Disc|date=July 18, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-au|archive-date=August 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827005246/https://noisey.vice.com/en_au/article/ywkd8x/portrayal-of-guilt-chamber-of-misery-part-i-five-inch-ep|url-status=live}} Soul Glo,{{Cite news|url=http://maximumrocknroll.com/issue/mrr-423/|title=MRR #423 • August 2018 {{!}} MAXIMUM ROCKNROLL|work=MAXIMUM ROCKNROLL|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=July 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709083113/http://maximumrocknroll.com/issue/mrr-423/|url-status=live}} I Hate Sex,{{Cite news|url=https://newnoisemagazine.com/stream-hate-sex-weird-dream-conscious/|title=Song Premiere: I Hate Sex - 'Weird Dream, Conscious Stream'|date=March 30, 2017|website=New Noise Magazine|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=April 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410081528/https://newnoisemagazine.com/stream-hate-sex-weird-dream-conscious/|url-status=dead}} and Infant Island,{{Cite news|url=https://www.stereogum.com/2008298/infant-island-album-stream/music/album-stream/|title=Stream Infant Island's Thrilling Self-Titled Debut Album|date=August 1, 2018|work=Stereogum|access-date=August 26, 2018|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214515/https://www.stereogum.com/2008298/infant-island-album-stream/music/album-stream/|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/a3q7j5/infant-island-self-titled-album-stream|title=Infant Island Carries the Torch for Virginia's Proud Screamo Legacy|date=July 27, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214703/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/a3q7j5/infant-island-self-titled-album-stream|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://uproxx.com/music/best-new-rock-albums-this-week-august-3/|title=The Best New Rock Albums That Dropped This Week|date=August 3, 2018|work=UPROXX|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=March 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327115141/https://uproxx.com/music/best-new-rock-albums-this-week-august-3/|url-status=live}} had generally received positive press from large publications, but were not as widely successful as their predecessors. Noisey also documented that, despite its loss of mainstream popularity and continued hold in North American scenes, particularly Richmond, Virginia,{{Cite news|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/kzypvy/virginia-is-for-screamo-lovers-summer-of-screamo|title=Virginia Is for Screamo Lovers|date=August 8, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214522/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/kzypvy/virginia-is-for-screamo-lovers-summer-of-screamo|url-status=live}} screamo had become a more international movement; notably spreading to Japan, France, and Sweden with groups including Heaven in Her Arms, Birds in Row and Suis La Lune, respectively.{{Cite news|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/pawwgz/screamo-is-taking-over-the-world-summer-of-screamo|title=Screamo Is Taking Over the World|date=August 15, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214608/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/pawwgz/screamo-is-taking-over-the-world-summer-of-screamo|url-status=live}} Also in 2018, Vein released their debut album Errorzone to critical acclaim and commercial success, bringing together elements of screamo, hardcore, and nu metal.{{Cite news|url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/how-vein-are-advancing-hardcore-eccentric-genre-busting-style|title=How Vein Are Advancing Hardcore With Eccentric, Genre-Busting Style|date=October 17, 2017|work=Revolver|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214646/https://www.revolvermag.com/music/how-vein-are-advancing-hardcore-eccentric-genre-busting-style|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2018/06/26/interview-vein-frontman-on-new-album-errorzone/|title=Interview: Vein Frontman on New Album "Errorzone" {{!}} Decibel Magazine|date=June 26, 2018|work=Decibel Magazine|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=September 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923012300/https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2018/06/26/interview-vein-frontman-on-new-album-errorzone/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/vein-errorzone/|title=Vein: Errorzone Album Review {{!}} Pitchfork|website=pitchfork.com|language=en|access-date=August 26, 2018|archive-date=July 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711025317/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/vein-errorzone/|url-status=live}} This underground cohort of acts was primarily released by independent labels like Middle-Man Records{{Cite web|url=http://www.heavyblogisheavy.com/2016/04/07/whats-in-a-label-middle-man-records/|title=What's In A Label? Middle-Man Records - Heavy Blog Is Heavy|website=www.heavyblogisheavy.com|date=April 7, 2016 |language=en-US|access-date=September 26, 2018}} in the United States, Zegema Beach Records{{Cite web |last=Norman |first=Dave |date=May 25, 2018 |title=Understanding Screamo: A Dissection |url=https://www.invisibleoranges.com/understanding-screamo-a-dissection/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528021405/http://www.invisibleoranges.com/understanding-screamo-a-dissection/ |archive-date=May 28, 2018 |access-date=February 7, 2023 |website=Invisible Oranges |language=en}} in Canada, and Miss The Stars Records in Berlin.{{Cite news|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/pawwgz/screamo-is-taking-over-the-world-summer-of-screamo|title=Screamo Is Taking Over the World|date=August 15, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=September 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214608/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/pawwgz/screamo-is-taking-over-the-world-summer-of-screamo|url-status=live}}

File:Circle Takes the Square Leipzig 2012 2.jpg, whose style borders on grindcore and post-rock, gained considerable acclaim with the 2004 album As the Roots Undo.]]

Some screamo bands borrow the extreme dissonance, speed, and chaos of powerviolence. As a result, the term emoviolence was half-jokingly coined by the band In/Humanity to describe the fusion of the two styles which applied to themselves, as well as other bands including Pg. 99,{{cite web|last1=Tiernan (July 15, 2015)|first1=Jack|title=Starter Kit: Screamo/Emoviolence|url=http://www.heavyblogisheavy.com/2015/07/15/starter-kit-screamoemoviolence/|website=heavyblogisheavy.com|date=July 15, 2015|publisher=Heavy Blog Is Heavy|access-date=May 7, 2017|archive-date=August 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822185808/http://www.heavyblogisheavy.com/2015/07/15/starter-kit-screamoemoviolence/|url-status=live}} Orchid, Reversal of Man, Usurp Synapse,{{cite web|last1=Morris|first1=Kurt|title=Usurp Synapse - Disinformation Fix|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/disinformation-fix-mw0000773682|website=allmusic.com|publisher=AllMusic|access-date=May 7, 2017|archive-date=September 30, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170930132012/http://www.allmusic.com/album/disinformation-fix-mw0000773682|url-status=live}} and RentAmerica.{{cite web|url=http://www.popmatters.com/music/reviews/i/inhumanity-violent.shtml|title=CIRCLE TAKES THE SQUARE is in the studio|author=Jason Thompson|date=June 15, 2008|publisher=PopMatters|access-date=May 18, 2011|archive-date=June 13, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090613053730/http://www.popmatters.com/music/reviews/i/inhumanity-violent.shtml|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.collective-zine.co.uk/reviews/?id=3952|title=La Quiete - the Apoplexy Twist Orchestra split (Heroine Records)|author=Andy Malcolm|publisher=Collective Zine|access-date=August 18, 2011|archive-date=September 28, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928030857/http://www.collective-zine.co.uk/reviews/?id=3952|url-status=live}} Additionally, bands such as Orchid, Reversal of Man, and Circle Takes the Square tend to be much closer in style to grindcore than their forebears.{{cite journal |date=September 22, 2010 |last= Greg|first= Pratt|title= Altered States, Grindcore Special part 2|journal=Terrorizer |issue=181 |page= 43|publisher=Miranda Yardley |location=United Kingdom |quote= Another interesting sub-subgenre was this strange crossover of first-generation emo and grind. Bands like Reversal of Man or Orchid may not have stood the test of time, but it was a pretty cool sound at the time and one that was pretty uniquely American}}{{cite web|url=http://www.metalinjection.net/latest-news/circle-takes-the-square-is-in-the-studio|title=CIRCLE TAKES THE SQUARE is in the studio|date=June 15, 2008|website=Metal Injection|access-date=July 18, 2011|quote=...CIRCLE TAKES THE SQUARE have retained their integrity and stayed true to the grind influenced experimental, progressive hardcore soundscapes that defined the screamo albums of the early part of the millennium.}} In contemporary times, the genre is no longer as prevalent or widespread as it had been in the past, yet it still remains as a notable and prevalent force in underground screamo. A revival of the genre has occurred internationally with regional scenes in Southeast Asia{{Cite web|date=December 7, 2017|title=The Passionate, Powerful Sounds of Southeast Asian Screamo|url=https://daily.bandcamp.com/scene-report/southeast-asian-screamo-list|access-date=March 29, 2021|website=Bandcamp Daily}} and South America{{Cite web|date=November 14, 2019|title=Ten Latinx Bands Riding Screamo's New Wave|url=https://daily.bandcamp.com/lists/latinx-screamo-list|access-date=March 29, 2021|website=Bandcamp Daily|archive-date=March 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210321165037/https://daily.bandcamp.com/lists/latinx-screamo-list|url-status=live}} taking prominence.

Bands including City of Caterpillar, Circle Takes the Square, Envy, Funeral Diner, Pianos Become the Teeth,{{cite news|url=http://www.rocksound.tv/reviews/article/pianos-become-the-teeth-old-pride|title=Pianos Become The Teeth - Old Pride Reviews Rock blood on the dance floor is an example of screamo sound|author=Andrew Kelham|publisher=Rock Sound|date=January 21, 2010|access-date=September 1, 2011|archive-date=October 22, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022161148/http://www.rocksound.tv/reviews/article/pianos-become-the-teeth-old-pride|url-status=dead}} Respire,{{cite web|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_uk/article/qvxnn5/respire-bound-premiere-interview-toronto-post-rock|title=Respire's "Bound" Is the Emotional Post-Rock and Screamo Epic We Deserve|last1=Wilson|first1=Daniel G.|website=Vice Media|date=April 16, 2018 |access-date=September 23, 2018}} and Le Pré Où Je Suis Mort{{cite web|url=http://www.alterthepress.com/2010/07/live-review-la-dispute-le-pre-ou-je.html|title=Live Review: La Dispute, Le Pre Ou Je Suis Mort, Maths and History, The Chantry, Canterbury - 22/06/10|publisher=Alter The Press!|date=June 22, 2010|access-date=August 8, 2011|archive-date=August 21, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821091014/http://www.alterthepress.com/2010/07/live-review-la-dispute-le-pre-ou-je.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.interpunk.com/item.cfm?Item=155110&|title=Interpunk.com - The Ultimate Punk Music Store! Le Pre Ou Je Suis Mort|publisher=Interpunk|date= January 15, 2008|access-date=August 24, 2011}} have incorporated post-rock elements into their music. This fusion is characterized by abrupt changes in pace, atmospheric and harmonic instrumentation, and distorted vocals.{{cite web|url=http://www.pinnaclemagazine.tv/?p=155|title=Single State of Man – s/t LP|author=Benjamin|publisher=Pinnacle Magazine|access-date=September 1, 2011|date=January 10, 2009}} Similarly, bands such as Heaven in Her Arms and the aforementioned group Envy, use elements of shoegazing.{{cite web |last1=O'Connor |first1=Andy |title=Heaven in Her Arms White Halo |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/heaven-in-her-arms-white-halo/ |website=Pitchfork |access-date=September 23, 2018 |archive-date=August 29, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829111855/http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/heaven-in-her-arms-white-halo/ |url-status=live }}

Sass ({{IPAc-en|s|æ|s}}, also known as white belt hardcore,{{cite web |last1=Stewart |first1=Ethan |title=From Hardcore to Harajuku: the Origins of Scene Subculture |url=https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |website=PopMatters |date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=May 25, 2021 |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525180042/https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |url-status=live }} sassy screamo or dancey screamo){{cite web |last1=PREIRA |first1=MATT |title=Ten Best Screamo Bands From Florida |url=https://www.browardpalmbeach.com/music/ten-best-screamo-bands-from-florida-6436756/2 |website=New Times Broward-Palm Beach |access-date=February 10, 2019 |archive-date=January 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120043042/https://www.browardpalmbeach.com/music/ten-best-screamo-bands-from-florida-6436756/2 |url-status=dead }} is a style that emerged from the late-1990s and early-2000s screamo scene.{{cite web |last1=Warwick |first1=Kevin |title=All that sass: The albums that define the '00s dance-punk era |url=https://www.avclub.com/all-that-sass-the-albums-that-define-the-00s-dance-pu-1798248825 |website=The A.V. Club |date=June 22, 2016 |access-date=February 9, 2019 |archive-date=May 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528230043/https://www.avclub.com/all-that-sass-the-albums-that-define-the-00s-dance-pu-1798248825 |url-status=live }} The genre incorporates elements of post-punk, new wave, disco, electronic, dance-punk, grindcore, noise rock, metalcore, mathcore and beatdown hardcore. The genre is characterized by overtly flamboyant mannerisms, homoerotic lyrical content, synthesizers, dance beats and a lisping vocal style.{{cite web |last1=ROA |first1=RAY |title=WTF is sasscore, and why is SeeYouSpaceCowboy bringing it to St. Petersburg's Lucky You Tattoo? |url=https://www.cltampa.com/music/show-previews/article/21012214/wtf-is-sasscore-and-why-is-seeyouspacecowboy-bringing-it-to-st-petersburgs-lucky-you-tattoo |website=Creative Loafing |access-date=February 9, 2019 |archive-date=February 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180515/https://www.cltampa.com/music/show-previews/article/21012214/wtf-is-sasscore-and-why-is-seeyouspacecowboy-bringing-it-to-st-petersburgs-lucky-you-tattoo |url-status=live }} Sass bands include the Blood Brothers, An Albatross, The Number Twelve Looks Like You, the Plot to Blow Up the Eiffel Tower, early Daughters, later-Orchid{{cite web |last1=Stewart |first1=Ethan |title=From Hardcore to Harajuku: the Origins of Scene Subculture |url=https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |website=PopMatters |date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=25 May 2021 |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525180042/https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |url-status=live }}{{Cite web|date=2021-04-09|title=What is Sasscore? • DIY Conspiracy|url=https://diyconspiracy.net/terms/sasscore/|access-date=2021-10-09|language=en-US|archive-date=October 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009201329/https://diyconspiracy.net/terms/sasscore/|url-status=live}} and SeeYouSpaceCowboy.{{cite web|url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/seeyouspacecowboy-meet-sasscore-band-rallying-marginalized-people-bite-back|title=SeeYouSpaceCowboy: Meet "Sasscore" Band Rallying Marginalized People to "Bite Back"|last1=Adams|first1=Gregory|date=August 14, 2018|website=Revolver|access-date=February 9, 2019|archive-date=January 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127035158/https://www.revolvermag.com/music/seeyouspacecowboy-meet-sasscore-band-rallying-marginalized-people-bite-back|url-status=live}}

"Pop screamo" and "MTV screamo" are terms used to describe screamo influenced bands who use metallic instrumentation and pop song structure to form a more commercially viable sound than traditional screamo. The style developed and gained mainstream success in the early-2000s. The scene was led by bands such as Thursday, Hawthorne Heights, Taking Back Sunday, The Used,{{cite web|author=Luke O'Neil |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2306500/the-used-cry-video/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107033859/http://www.mtv.com/news/2306500/the-used-cry-video/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 7, 2016 |title=The Used Usher In A Pop-Screamo Revival With Their Post-Apocalyptic Video For 'Cry' |publisher=MTV |date=January 27, 2014 |access-date=January 18, 2018}} Senses Fail, Silverstein, Chiodos, From First to Last, Saosin, Thrice and Finch{{cite web |url=https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_bands_who_will_influence_the_inevitable_pop_screamo_revival_of_2017 |title=10 Bands Who Will Influence The Inevitable Pop-Screamo Revival Of 2017 - Features - Alternative Press |publisher=Altpress.com |date=January 24, 2014 |access-date=January 18, 2018 |archive-date=January 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107060956/https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_bands_who_will_influence_the_inevitable_pop_screamo_revival_of_2017 |url-status=live }} and now-defunct less-known bands such as Before Their Eyes, Here I Come Falling, Agraceful, Yesterdays Rising, Chasing Victory, Beloved, Dead Poetic, Burden of a Day and Sever Your Ties. The genre had a revival in the 2010s, including such outfits as Before Their Eyes, The Ongoing Concept, Too Close to Touch, I Am Terrified.{{cite web|url=https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_bands_who_are_leading_the_screamo_revival|title=10 bands who are leading the screamo revival - Features - Alternative Press|website=Alternative Press|date=March 28, 2016|access-date=January 6, 2018|archive-date=January 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106174534/https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_bands_who_are_leading_the_screamo_revival|url-status=live}} Alternative Press describes pop screamo as "metal-influenced riffs and aggressive, high-end screams filled song's verses, while soaring melodies carried choruses to new, previously unattained heights." as well as "Poppy emo music with screaming in it that captured mainstream attention in the mid-2000s". Furthermore, many of these groups are more commonly categorized as, and influenced by, post-hardcore or metalcore.{{Cite web|url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/25-essential-screamo-albums-from-the-90s00s-that-still-hold-up-today/|title=25 essential screamo albums from the '90s/'00s that still hold up today|date=April 17, 2020|access-date=October 21, 2021|archive-date=November 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106204008/https://www.brooklynvegan.com/25-essential-screamo-albums-from-the-90s00s-that-still-hold-up-today/|url-status=live}}

• List of screamo bands
• Post-hardcore

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