ISO/IEC 8859-15#1999

The identifier ISO 8859-15 was proposed for the Sami languages in 1996, which was eventually rejected, but was passed as ISO-IR 197.{{Cite iso-ir|number=209|title=Sami supplementary Latin set no 2|sponsor=TIEKE representing Finnish Standards Association SFS|date=1999-12-07}}{{cite web|last1=Everson|first1=Michael|title=Proposed ISO 8859-15|url=http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso8859/8859-sami.html|access-date=26 February 2017}}{{cite web|last1=Everson|first1=Michael|title=Proposed ISO 8859-14 (later 15)|url=http://www.evertype.com/pics/emonopics/latin9.jpg|access-date=26 February 2017}}

ISO 8859-16 was proposed as a similar encoding to today's ISO 8859-15, to replace 11 unused or rarely used ISO 8859-1 characters with the missing French Œ œ (at the same spot as same place as DEC-MCS and Lotus International Character Set) and Ÿ (which was not at the same place as these sets, as Ý was in that spot for Icelandic), Dutch IJ ij, and Turkish Ğ ğ İ ı Ş ş. The euro sign did not exist at the time.{{cite web|last1=Everson|first1=Michael|title=Proposed ISO 8859-16|url=http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso8859/8859-15.html|access-date=26 February 2017}}

The draft was as follows:

The name was later changed to ISO-8859-0 and was restructured by 1997. The Turkish characters were removed because it was considered that it would potentially do more harm to Turkish then-current practice while UCS (Unicode) implementation was not that far away, and the Dutch IJ ligature was removed as the existing digraph ij was found to be adequate. It was also considered to add the Welsh Ŵ ŵ and Ŷ ŷ, but that was postponed pending further investigation. 4 unused or rarely used ISO 8859-1 characters ({{char|¤}}, {{char|¨}}, {{char|´}}, and {{char|¸}}) were replaced with {{char|€}}, {{char|Ÿ}}, {{char|Œ}}, and {{char|œ}} respectively.{{cite web|last1=Everson|first1=Michael|title=Proposed ISO 8859-0 (later 15)|url=http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso8859/latin00.html|access-date=26 February 2017}} {{char|€}} became necessary when the euro was introduced. {{char|Ÿ}} is needed so that French text can be converted from lower-case to all-caps and back again without loss, and {{char|Œ}} and {{char|œ}} are French ligatures. Ironically, the last three had already been present in DEC's Multinational Character Set (MCS) in 1983, a character set from which ECMA-94 (1985) and ISO-8859-1 (1987) were derived. Since their original codepoints were now occupied by other characters, less logical codepoints had to be chosen for their reintroduction.

The same proposal also recommended replacing 6 more characters ({{char|¢}}, {{char|¦}}, {{char|±}}, {{char|¼}}, {{char|½}}, {{char|¾}}) with "some other characters to cover a maximum of languages". The reasons for choosing these characters was stated in the proposal.

For the euro sign, some wanted to replace the plus–minus sign instead of the currency sign. The currency sign is used in some applications as a field separator and in some others to indicate subtotal. There was strong opposition to this. One person said "The proposed «+-» is not an adequate fall-back, as this sequence, though rarely used, has already a fixed mathematical meaning, quite different from «±»; and, even if a reader would deduce the intended meaning, «±», from the context, «+-» in lieu of «±» will hurt a physicist's æsthetic feelings at least as much as «oe» in lieu of an o-e ligature a Francophone's."{{cite mailing list|url=https://unicode.org/mail-arch/unicode-ml/Archives-Old/UML008/0581.html|title=Re: New Draft ISO 8859-0|first=Otto|last=Stolz|date=July 11, 1997|mailing-list=Unicode Mail List}}

In the end, {{char|±}} was kept, and {{char|¤}} was removed (as originally planned).

Circa 1997/1998 (when Windows-1252 was updated) four characters were selected: {{char|Š}}, {{char|š}}, {{char|Ž}}, and {{char|ž}}, which are used in Finnish and Estonian for the transliteration of Russian loanwords and names. The proposal was renamed to ISO 8859-15 at the same time. In the end the characters {{char|¦}}, {{char|¼}}, {{char|½}}, and {{char|¾}} were removed, while {{char|¢}} was kept because it was more common than the other four.

There were attempts to make ISO 8859-15 the default character set for 8-bit communication, but it was never able to supplant the popular ISO 8859-1. It did see some use as the default character set for the text console and terminal programs under Linux when the euro sign was needed, but the use of full Unicode was not practical, but this has since been replaced with UTF-8.

ISO 8859-15 encodes what it refers to as "Latin alphabet no. 9". This character set is used throughout the Americas, Western Europe, Oceania, and much of Africa. It is also commonly used in most standard romanizations of East-Asian languages.

Each character is encoded as a single eight-bit code value. These code values can be used in almost any data interchange system to communicate in the following languages:

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• Afrikaans
• Albanian
• Breton
• Catalan
• Danish{{efn|Complete support except for Ǿ/ǿ which are missing. Ǿ/ǿ can be replaced with Ø/ø at the cost of increased ambiguity.}}
• Dutch{{efn|Commonly supported with nearly complete coverage of the Dutch alphabet, as the missing IJ, ij should always be represented as two-character IJ or ij in electronic form.}}

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• English{{efn|US and modern British}}
• Estonian
• Faroese
• Finnish
• French
• Galician

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• German{{efn|Complete support except for uppercase ẞ, which not officially adopted by the Council for German Orthography until 2017.}}
• Icelandic
• Irish{{efn|New orthography}}
• Italian
• Latin{{efn|Basic classical orthography|name=basic}}
• Luxembourgish{{efn||name=basic}}

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• Malay{{efn|Rumi script}}
• Norwegian{{efn|Bokmål and Nynorsk}}
• Occitan
• Portuguese{{efn|European and Brazilian}}
• Rhaeto-Romanic
• Rotokas
• Scottish Gaelic

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• Swedish
• Tagalog
• Walloon
• Scots
• Spanish
• Swahili

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Notes

{{Notelist}}

{{See also|Latin-script alphabet}}

For some languages listed above, the correct typographical quotation marks are missing, since only «, », ", and ' are included.

Also, this encoding does not provide the correct character for the apostrophe, and oriented single high quotation marks, although some texts use the spacing grave accent and spacing acute accent, which are both part of ISO 8859-1, instead of the 6-shaped/9-shaped quotations marks or apostrophes (and this works reliably with some font styles, where all these characters are displayed as slanted wedge glyphs).

Differences from ISO-8859-1 have the Unicode code point shown underneath the character.

|{{chset-cell1|U+007E TILDE|~}}

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|{{chset-left1|8x}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

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|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

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|{{chset-left1|9x}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|-

|{{chset-left1|Ax}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE|NBSP}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00A1 INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK|¡}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00A2 CENT SIGN|¢}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00A3 POUND SIGN|£}}

|{{chset-cell1|u=20AC|U+20AC EURO SIGN|€}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00A5 YEN SIGN|¥}}

|{{chset-cell1|u=0160|U+0160 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH CARON|Š}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00A7 SECTION SIGN|§}}

|{{chset-cell1|u=0161|U+0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON|š}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00A9 COPYRIGHT SIGN|©}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00AA FEMININE ORDINAL INDICATOR|ª}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00AB LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK|«}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00AC NOT SIGN|¬}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+00AD SOFT HYPHEN|SHY}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00AE REGISTERED SIGN|®}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00AF MACRON|¯}}

|-

|{{chset-left1|Bx}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00B0 DEGREE SIGN|°}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00B1 PLUS-MINUS SIGN|±}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00B2 SUPERSCRIPT TWO|²}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00B3 SUPERSCRIPT THREE|³}}

|{{chset-cell1|u=017D|U+017D LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH CARON|Ž}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00B5 MICRO SIGN|µ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00B6 PILCROW SIGN|¶}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00B7 MIDDLE DOT|·}}

|{{chset-cell1|u=017E|U+017E LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON|ž}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00B9 SUPERSCRIPT ONE|¹}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00BA MASCULINE ORDINAL INDICATOR|º}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00BB RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK|»}}

|{{chset-cell1|u=0152|U+0152 LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE|Œ}}

|{{chset-cell1|u=0153|U+0153 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE|œ}}

|{{chset-cell1|u=0178|U+0178 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS|Ÿ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00BF INVERTED QUESTION MARK|¿}}

|-

|{{chset-left1|Cx}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C0 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH GRAVE|À}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C1 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH ACUTE|Á}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C2 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX|Â}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C3 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH TILDE|Ã}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C4 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS|Ä}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C5 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE|Å}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C6 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER AE|Æ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C7 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA|Ç}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C8 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH GRAVE|È}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C9 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH ACUTE|É}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00CA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX|Ê}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00CB LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS|Ë}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00CC LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH GRAVE|Ì}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00CD LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH ACUTE|Í}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00CE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX|Î}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00CF LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS|Ï}}

|-

|{{chset-left1|Dx}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D0 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ETH|Ð}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D1 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH TILDE|Ñ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D2 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH GRAVE|Ò}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D3 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH ACUTE|Ó}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D4 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX|Ô}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D5 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH TILDE|Õ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D6 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS|Ö}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN|×}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D8 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH STROKE|Ø}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00D9 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH GRAVE|Ù}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00DA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH ACUTE|Ú}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00DB LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX|Û}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00DC LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS|Ü}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00DD LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE|Ý}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00DE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER THORN|Þ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00DF LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S|ß}}

|-

|{{chset-left1|Ex}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE|à}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE|á}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX|â}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E3 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH TILDE|ã}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS|ä}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E5 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE|å}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E6 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE|æ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E7 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA|ç}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE|è}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE|é}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00EA LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX|ê}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00EB LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS|ë}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00EC LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE|ì}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00ED LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE|í}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00EE LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX|î}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00EF LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS|ï}}

|-

|{{chset-left1|Fx}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F0 LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH|ð}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F1 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE|ñ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE|ò}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE|ó}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX|ô}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F5 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH TILDE|õ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS|ö}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F7 DIVISION SIGN|÷}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F8 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE|ø}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00F9 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE|ù}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00FA LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE|ú}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00FB LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX|û}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00FC LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS|ü}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00FD LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE|ý}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00FE LATIN SMALL LETTER THORN|þ}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00FF LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS|ÿ}}

|}

ISO 8859-15 also has the following, vendor-specific aliases:

• WE8ISO8859P15 (Oracle database)

• Western Latin character sets (computing)
• DIN 91379 Unicode subset for Europe

{{Reflist|refs=

{{cite book |title=Oracle9i Database Globalization Support Guide |author-first1=Cathy |author-last1=Baird |author-first2=Dan |author-last2=Chiba |author-first3=Winson |author-last3=Chu |author-first4=Jessica |author-last4=Fan |author-first5=Claire |author-last5=Ho |author-first6=Simon |author-last6=Law |author-first7=Geoff |author-last7=Lee |author-first8=Peter |author-last8=Linsley |author-first9=Keni |author-last9=Matsuda |author-first10=Tamzin |author-last10=Oscroft |author-first11=Shige |author-last11=Takeda |author-first12=Linus |author-last12=Tanaka |author-first13=Makoto |author-last13=Tozawa |author-first14=Barry |author-last14=Trute |author-first15=Mayumi |author-last15=Tsujimoto |author-first16=Ying |author-last16=Wu |author-first17=Michael |author-last17=Yau |author-first18=Tim |author-last18=Yu |author-first19=Chao |author-last19=Wang |author-first20=Simon |author-last20=Wong |author-first21=Weiran |author-last21=Zhang |author-first22=Lei |author-last22=Zheng |author-first23=Yan |author-last23=Zhu |author-first24=Valarie |author-last24=Moore |publisher=Oracle Corporation |edition=Release 2 (9.2) |date=2002 |orig-year=1996 |id=Oracle A96529-01 |chapter=Appendix A: Locale Data |url=https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B10501_01/server.920/a96529.pdf |access-date=2017-02-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214190952/https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B10501_01/server.920/a96529.pdf |archive-date=2017-02-14}}

}}

• [http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=29505&ICS1=35&ICS2=40&ICS3= ISO/IEC 8859-15:1999] - 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets, Part 15: Latin alphabet No. 9 (published March 15, 1999)
• [http://www.open-std.org/JTC1/SC2/WG3/docs/n404.pdf ISO/IEC 8859-15] (final committee draft dated August 1, 1997)
• [https://jkorpela.fi/latin9.html ISO Latin 9 as compared with ISO Latin 1]
• [https://itscj.ipsj.or.jp/ir/203.pdf ISO-IR 203] European supplementary Latin set (September 16, 1998)

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{{DEFAULTSORT:ISO IEC 8859-15}}

Category:ISO/IEC 8859

Category:Computer-related introductions in 1998