List of rivers by discharge

! rowspan="2" |No

! rowspan="2" |Continent

! rowspan="2" |River

! rowspan="2" |Average
discharge
(m³/s)

! colspan="2" |Length

! rowspan="2" |Drainage area
(km²)

! rowspan="2" style="width:13em;" |Outflow

! rowspan="2" style="width:10em;" |Type

|Amazon

|224,000

|6,992

|4,345

|6,915,000

|Atlantic Ocean

|Primary river{{cite book|url=https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2022-02/010010558.pdf|title=HYDROLOGIE DU BASSIN AMAZONIEN|year=1997|isbn=2-7011-1532-9|last1=Théry |first1=Hervé |last2=Maurence |first2=Pascale }}{{cite journal|journal=Global Biogeochemical Cycles|doi=10.1029/GB003i003p00241|url=https://doi.org/10.1029/GB003i003p00241|last1=Charles J.|first1=Vörösmarty|last2=Berrien|first2=Moore III|last3=Annette L.|first3=Grace|last4=M. Patricia|first4=Gildea|last5=Jerry M.|first5=Melille|last6=Bruce|first6=Peterson|last7=Edward|first7=B. Rastetter|last8=Paul|first8=A. Steudler|title=Continental scale models of water balance and fluvial transport: An application to South America|date=1989|volume=3|issue=3|pages=241–265|bibcode=1989GBioC...3..241V |url-access=subscription}}{{cite book|last=Gupta|first=Avijit|title=Large rivers: geomorphology and management|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gXgyHLT_hwIC&pg=PA31|accessdate=18 April 2011|year=2007|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|isbn=978-0-470-84987-3|page=31}}

|Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna

|43,950

|3,969

|2,466

|1,999,000

|Bay of Bengal

|Primary river{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UAmCCwAAQBAJ|title=Hydrological Cycle Volume III|last1=Igor Alekseevich|first1=Shiklomanov|isbn=978-1-84826-026-9|year=2009|publisher=EOLSS Publications }}{{cite book |last1=Webersik |first1=Christian |title=Climate Change and Security: A Gathering Storm of Global Challenges: A Gathering Storm of Global Challenges |date=2010 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-38007-5 }}{{pn|date=February 2024}}{{cite journal |last1=Rao |first1=Mukund P. |last2=Cook |first2=Edward R. |last3=Cook |first3=Benjamin I. |last4=D’Arrigo |first4=Rosanne D. |last5=Palmer |first5=Jonathan G. |last6=Lall |first6=Upmanu |last7=Woodhouse |first7=Connie A. |last8=Buckley |first8=Brendan M. |last9=Uriarte |first9=Maria |last10=Bishop |first10=Daniel A. |last11=Jian |first11=Jun |last12=Webster |first12=Peter J. |title=Seven centuries of reconstructed Brahmaputra River discharge demonstrate underestimated high discharge and flood hazard frequency |journal=Nature Communications |date=26 November 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=6017 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-19795-6 |pmid=33243991 |pmc=7692521 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.6017R }}{{cite news |last1=CHEN |first1=Na |title=Chinese Scientists Pinpoint Source of Huaihe River |url=https://english.cas.cn/newsroom/archive/news_archive/nu2012/201502/t20150215_140332.shtml |work=Chinese Academy of Sciences |agency=Xinhua |date=3 December 2012 }}

|Congo (Zaire)

|41,400

|4,370

|2,716

|3,822,000

|Atlantic Ocean

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Journal of Hydrometeorology|doi=10.1175/1525-7541(2002)003<0660:EOFDFC>2.0.CO;2|url=https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/hydr/3/6/1525-7541_2002_003_0660_eofdfc_2_0_co_2.xml|last1=Aiguo|first1=Dai|last2=Kevin|first2=E. Trenberth|title=Estimates of Freshwater Discharge from Continents: Latitudinal and Seasonal Variations|date=2002|volume=3 |issue=6 |pages=660–687|bibcode=2002JHyMe...3..660D }}

|Orinoco

|39,000

|2,250

|1,398

|989,000

|Atlantic Ocean

|Primary river{{cite book|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370581100|title=XXI. PECES DEL FONDO DEL RÍO ORINOCO Y AFLUENTES PRINCIPALES (COLOMBIA-VENEZUELA): diversidad y aspectos bioecológicos|last1=Carlos Andrés|first1=Lasso Alcalá|last2=Mónica Andrea|first2=Morales Betancourt|isbn=978-958-5183-65-0|doi=10.21068/eh9789585183629|year=2022}}

|Yangtze

|31,900

|6,300

|3,915

|1,840,000

|East China Sea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=222&catid=373&Itemid=179|title=Yangzi Jiang-Chang Jiang (Yangtze)}}

|Negro

|30,641

|2,230

|1,390

|691,000

|Amazon

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=http://meioambiente.am.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Produto-II-Diagn%25C3%25B3stico-Progn%25C3%25B3stico-e-Cen%25C3%25A1rios-volume-II.pdf|title=PLANO ESTADUAL DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO AMAZONAS, (PERH/AM) - RT 03 - DIAGNÓSTICO, PROGNÓSTICO E CENÁRIOS FUTUROS DO RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO ESTADO - TOMO III|date=Jan 2019|access-date=2021-10-03|archive-date=2021-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506021650/http://meioambiente.am.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Produto-II-Diagn%C3%B3stico-Progn%C3%B3stico-e-Cen%C3%A1rios-volume-II.pdf|url-status=dead}}

|Madeira

|30,173

|3,380

|2,100

|1,376,000

|Amazon

|Tributary river

|Río de la Plata

|27,225

|290

|180

|3,182,064

|Atlantic Ocean

|Primary river{{cite book |title=Balance hídrico en la Cuenca del Plata. Disponibilidad y usos, considerando escenarios futuros. Modelos de gestión |trans-title=Water balance in the La Plata Basin. Availability and uses, considering future scenarios. Management models |language=es |url=https://cicplata.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/balance_hidrico_en_la_cuenca_del_plata_20170424.pdf |date=December 2016 |publisher=Comité Intergubernamental Coordinador de los Países de la Cuenca del Plata |isbn=978-987-4187-09-3 }}{{page needed|date=November 2021}}

|Asia

|Brahmaputra

|21,993

|3969

|2466

|651,335

|Bay of Bengal

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Environmental Research Letters|doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac8ca1|last1=Anne|first1=Gädeke|last2=Michel|first2=Wortmann|last3=Christoph|first3=Menz|last4=Saiful|first4=Islam|last5=Muhammad|first5=Masood|last6=Valentina|first6=Krysanova|last7=Stefan|first7=Lange|last8=Fred|first8=Fokko Hattermann|title=Climate impact emergence and flood peak synchronization projections in the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna basins under CMIP5 and CMIP6 scenarios|date=2022|volume=17|number=9|bibcode=2022ERL....17i4036G |doi-access=free}}{{cite journal|journal=Remote Sensing|doi=10.3390/rs11050501|last1=Biswa|first1=Bhattacharya|last2=Maurizio|first2=Mazzoleni|last3=Reyne|first3=Ugay|title=Flood Inundation Mapping of the Sparsely Gauged Large-Scale Brahmaputra Basin Using Remote Sensing Products|date=2019|volume=11|issue=5|page=501 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2019RemS...11..501B }} {{Cite book |last=Webersik |first=Christian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-nufdUc0Ps0C&dq=Ganga+river+18,691+m3/s&pg=PA45 |title=Climate Change and Security: A Gathering Storm of Global Challenges: A Gathering Storm of Global Challenges |date=2010-05-05 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-38007-5 |language=en}}

|Mississippi

|21,300

|3,766

|2,340

|3,248,000

|Gulf of Mexico

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dvstat/?referred_module=sw&site_no=07289000&por_07289000_79165=1872479,00060,79165,2008-01-01,2022-09-29&format=html_table&stat_cds=mean_va&date_format=YYYY-MM-DD&rdb_compression=file&submitted_form=parameter_selection_list|title=USGS 07289000 MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT VICKSBURG, MS}}{{cite journal|journal=Water|doi=10.3390/w14193044|last1=Lee|first1=Potter|last2=Y. Jun|first2=Xu|title=Variability of Carbon Export in the Lower Mississippi River during an Extreme Cold and Warm Year|date=2022|volume=14|issue=19|page=3044 |doi-access=free }}{{cite web

|first=J.C.

|last=Kammerer

|url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/ofr87-242/

|title=Largest Rivers in the United States

|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey

|date=May 1990

|access-date=February 22, 2011

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630064901/https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/ofr87-242/

|archive-date=June 30, 2017

|url-status=live

}}{{cite web |url=https://waterdata.usgs.gov/la/nwis/annual/?format=sites_selection_links&search_site_no=07381490&agency_cd=USGS&referred_module=sw |title=USGS Surface-Water Annual Statistics for Louisiana |publisher=United States Geological Survey }}

|Yenisei

|20,200

|4,090

|2,556

|2,580,000

|Kara Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Nature Communications|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-27228-1|last1=Dongmei|first1=Feng|last2=Colin|first2=J. Gleason|last3=Peirong|first3=Lin|last4=Xiao|first4=Yang|last5=Ming|first5=Pan|last6=Yuta|first6=Ishitsuka|title=Recent changes to Arctic river discharge|date=2021|volume=12|number=6917|page=6917 |pmid=34824255 |pmc=8617260 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.6917F }}

|Paraná

|19,706

|4,880

|3,050

|2,582,672

|Río de la Plata

|Tributary river

|Ganges

|18,691

|2,525

|1,570

|1,300,000

|Bay of Bengal

|Primary river{{cite book |author=Webersik |first=Christian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-nufdUc0Ps0C |title=Climate Change and Security: A Gathering Storm of Global Challenges |publisher=Praeger |year=2010 |isbn=9780313380075 |pages=45}}

|Lena

|18,300

|4,294

|2,668

|2,490,000

|Laptev Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Nature Communications|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-27228-1|last1=Dongmei|first1=Feng|last2=Colin|first2=J. Gleason|last3=Peirong|first3=Lin|last4=Xiao|first4=Yang|last5=Ming|first5=Pan|last6=Yuta|first6=Ishitsuka|title=Recent changes to Arctic river discharge|date=2021|volume=12|number=6917|page=6917 |pmid=34824255 |pmc=8617260 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.6917F }}{{cite journal |last1=Kalugin |first1=A. S. |title=Variations of the Present-Day Annual and Seasonal Runoff in the Far East and Siberia with the Use of Regional Hydrological and Global Climate Models |journal=Water Resources |date=1 October 2018 |volume=45 |issue=1 |pages=102–111 |doi=10.1134/S0097807818050366 |bibcode=2018WRes...45S.102K |s2cid=134779637 }}

|Japurá (Caquetá)

|18,122

|2,816

|1,750

|267,730

|Amazon

|Tributary river[http://www.bafg.de/cln_030/nn_294172/GRDC/EN/02__Services/01__RiverDischarge/GoogleEarth/google__earth__node.html?__nnn=true GRDC Database] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722135050/http://www.bafg.de/cln_030/nn_294172/GRDC/EN/02__Services/01__RiverDischarge/GoogleEarth/google__earth__node.html?__nnn=true |date=2011-07-22 }}

|North America

|St Lawrence

|17,600

|3,058

|1,900

|1,344,200

|Gulf of Saint Lawrence

|Primary riverBenke, Arthur C.; Cushing, Colbert E. (2005). Rivers of North America. Academic Press. pp. 989–990. {{ISBN|978-0-12-088253-3}}. Retrieved 21 March 2011.{{cite web|url=https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.938387/publication.html?wbdisable=true|title=Physical oceanographic conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence during 2023}}

|Marañón

|16,708

|1,737

|1,079

|358,000

|Amazon

|Tributary river{{cite journal|journal=Environmental Sustainability|url=https://www.academia.edu/36155977|title=ANÁLISIS DE LA EVALUACIÓN AMBIENTAL PRELIMINAR DE LA CENTRAL HIDROELÉCTRICA LORENA-Río Marañón|last1=José|first1=Serra Vega|page=75|year=2017}}

|Mekong

|15,856

|4,023

|2,500

|811,000

|South China Sea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins}}

|Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwady)

|15,112

|2,210

|1,370

|413,710

|Andaman Sea

|Primary river

|Tapajós

|13,540

|1,996

|1,240

|492,481

|Amazon

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=http://www.caee.utexas.edu/prof/mckinney/ce397/Topics/Amazon/Amazon(2012).pdf|title=The Amazon River Basin; CE 397 – Transboundary Waters|first=Christine|last=Lynch|date=2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528103830/http://www.caee.utexas.edu/prof/mckinney/ce397/Topics/Amazon/Amazon(2012).pdf|archive-date=2014-05-28}}

|Ucayali

|13,385

|2,670

|1,659

|351,549

|Amazon

|Tributary river{{cite thesis |last1=Colquehuanca Quispe |first1=Jannet Vaneza |title=Estudio hidrogeológico en la cabecera de la sub cuenca de Macuya, mediante Prospección Geofísica |trans-title=Hydrogeological study at the head of the Macuya sub-basin, through Geophysical Prospecting |language=es |date=2015 |url=http://repositorio.unsa.edu.pe/handle/UNSA/3206 }}

|Ob

|13,100

|4,345

|2,700

|2,990,000

|Gulf of Ob

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Nature Communications|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-27228-1|last1=Dongmei|first1=Feng|last2=Colin|first2=J. Gleason|last3=Peirong|first3=Lin|last4=Xiao|first4=Yang|last5=Ming|first5=Pan|last6=Yuta|first6=Ishitsuka|title=Recent changes to Arctic river discharge|date=2021|volume=12|number=6917|page=6917 |pmid=34824255 |pmc=8617260 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.6917F }}

|Tocantins

|11,796

|2,699

|1,677

|764,183

|Atlantic Ocean (Pará)

|Primary riverAmazon river water flows into its estuary through Santa Mario River Channel[http://www.ana.gov.br/ingles/Portais/folder/tocantins/03-Availability_Use.html The Hydrographi Region of The Amazon]{{cite book|url=https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2022-02/010010558.pdf|title=HYDROLOGIE DU BASSIN AMAZONIEN|year=1997|isbn=2-7011-1532-9|last1=Théry |first1=Hervé |last2=Maurence |first2=Pascale }}

|Amur

|11,526

|4,444

|2,762

|1,855,000

|Sea of Okhotsk

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins}}{{cite web|url=https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/water/blanks/assessment/okhotsk_japan.pdf|title=Drainage Basins of the Sea of Okhotsk and Sea of Japan|pages=62–67}}[http://home.comcast.net/~igpl/Rivers.html Rivers of the Earth]{{Unreliable source?|date=September 2009}} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040814072422/http://home.comcast.net/~igpl/Rivers.html|date=August 14, 2004}}

|Kasai (Kwa)

|11,318

|2,272

|1,405

|881,890

|Congo

|Tributary river{{cite journal |last1=Becker |first1=M. |last2=Papa |first2=F. |last3=Frappart |first3=F. |last4=Alsdorf |first4=D. |last5=Calmant |first5=S. |last6=da Silva |first6=J. Santos |last7=Prigent |first7=C. |last8=Seyler |first8=F. |title=Satellite-based estimates of surface water dynamics in the Congo River Basin |journal=International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation |date=April 2018 |volume=66 |pages=196–209 |doi=10.1016/j.jag.2017.11.015 |bibcode=2018IJAEO..66..196B |s2cid=6873734 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01671764 }}

|Purus

|11,207

|3,211

|1,995

|371,042

|Amazon

|Tributary river

|North America

|Mackenzie

|9,800

|4,241

|2,636

|1,805,200

|Beaufort Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Nature Communications|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-27228-1|last1=Dongmei|first1=Feng|last2=Colin|first2=J. Gleason|last3=Peirong|first3=Lin|last4=Xiao|first4=Yang|last5=Ming|first5=Pan|last6=Yuta|first6=Ishitsuka|title=Recent changes to Arctic river discharge|date=2021|volume=12|number=6917|page=6917 |pmid=34824255 |pmc=8617260 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.6917F }}

|Xingu

|9,680

|2,240

|1,392

|531,250

|Amazon

|Tributary river

|Pearl (Xi)

|9,500

|2,400

|1,491

|437,000

|South China Sea

|Primary river{{cite web |url=http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/geomorphology/GEO_5/GEO_PLATE_D-6.shtml |title=Chapter 5: Plate D-6 — GES DISC: Goddard Earth Sciences, Data & Information Services Center |publisher=Disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov |accessdate=2012-11-08 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203044933/http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/geomorphology/GEO_5/GEO_PLATE_D-6.shtml |archivedate=2013-02-03 }}

|Madre de Dios

|9,350

|1,347

|837

|282,000

|Madeira

|Tributary river{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312508466 |doi=10.1080/02626667.2016.1267861|title=Hydroclimatology of the Upper Madeira River basin: Spatio-temporal variability and trends |year=2017 |last1=Molina-Carpio |first1=Jorge |last2=Espinoza |first2=Jhan Carlo |last3=Vauchel |first3=Philippe |last4=Ronchail |first4=Josyane |last5=Gutierrez Caloir |first5=Beatriz |last6=Guyot |first6=Jean-Loup |last7=Noriega |first7=Luis |journal=Hydrological Sciences Journal |volume=62 |issue=6 |pages=911–927 |bibcode=2017HydSJ..62..911M |s2cid=133578964 }}

|Putumayo (Içá)

|8,520

|1,813

|1,121

|148,000

|Amazon

|Tributary river

|Volga

|8,380

|3,531

|2,194

|1,380,000

|Caspian Sea

|Primary river{{cite book|url=http://isi.irtces.org/isi/rootfiles/2017/07/04/1496391629451299-1498713525725099.pdf|title=THE VOLGA RIVER BASIN REPORT|last1=Valentin|first1=Golosov|last2=Vladimir|first2=Belayev|year=2017}}

|Mamoré

|8,150

|1,930

|1,199

|611,800

|Madeira

|Tributary river{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312508466 |doi=10.1080/02626667.2016.1267861|title=Hydroclimatology of the Upper Madeira River basin: Spatio-temporal variability and trends |year=2017 |last1=Molina-Carpio |first1=Jorge |last2=Espinoza |first2=Jhan Carlo |last3=Vauchel |first3=Philippe |last4=Ronchail |first4=Josyane |last5=Gutierrez Caloir |first5=Beatriz |last6=Guyot |first6=Jean-Loup |last7=Noriega |first7=Luis |journal=Hydrological Sciences Journal |volume=62 |issue=6 |pages=911–927 |bibcode=2017HydSJ..62..911M |s2cid=133578964 }}

|Magdalena

|8,058

|1,540

|963

|257,438

|Caribbean Sea

|Primary river{{cite book|url=https://www.andi.com.co/Uploads/ENA%202022_compressed.pdf|title=ESTUDIO NACIONAL DEL AGUA 2022|isbn=978-958-5489-12-7|year=2023}}

|North America

|Ohio

|7,957

|1,579

|981

|490,601

|Mississippi

|Tributary river{{Cite book |last= Leeden |first= Frits van der |author2= Fcrimson L. Troise |author3= David Keith Todd |title= The Water Encyclopedia |edition= 2nd |year= 1990 |publisher= Lewis Publishers |location= Chelsea, Mich. |isbn= 0-87371-120-3 |page= [https://archive.org/details/waterencyclopedi0000vand/page/126 126] |url= https://archive.org/details/waterencyclopedi0000vand/page/126 }}

|Niger

|7,900

|4,200

|2,600

|2,117,000

|Gulf of Guinea

|Primary river{{cite book|url=https://econpapers.repec.org/bookchap/wbkwbpubs/7397.htm|title=The Niger River Basin - A Vision for Sustainable Management|last1=Inger|first1=Andersen|last2=Ousmane|first2=Dione|last3=Martha|first3=Jarosewich-Holder|last4=Jean-Claude|first4=Olivry|last5=Katherin|first5=George Golitzen|isbn=9780821362037|year=2005|publisher=World Bank }}

|Guaviare

|7,529

|1,497

|930

|140,000

|Orinoco

|Tributary river

|North America

|Columbia

|7,407

|2,044

|1,243

|668,217

|Pacific Ocean

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins}}{{cite web|url=https://portoflewiston.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Appendix-U.pdf|title=Columbia River System Operations Final Environmental Impact Statement|publisher=United States Department of the Interior}}

|Fly

|7,355

|1,060

|649

|76,000

|Gulf of Papua

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://floodobservatory.colorado.edu/SiteDisplays/70.htm|title=The Flood Observatory}}{{cite web|url=https://www.iucn.org/content/fly-river-catchment-papua-new-guinea-a-regional-environmental-assessment|title=The Fly River catchment Papua New Guinea : A regional environmental assessment|date=29 January 2016|access-date=14 November 2021|archive-date=14 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211114230010/https://www.iucn.org/content/fly-river-catchment-papua-new-guinea-a-regional-environmental-assessment|url-status=dead}}

|Uruguay

|7,058

|1,838

|1,140

|353,451

|Río de la Plata

|Tributary river

|North America

|Yukon

|6,860

|3,187

|1,980

|854,700

|Bering Sea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_no=15565447|title=USGS 15565447 YUKON R AT PILOT STATION AK}}

|Napo

|6,660

|1,075

|665

|100,518

|Amazon

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/10462866|title=Estudio Binacional de Navegabilidad del río Napo|last1=Laborde|first1=Jorge Lopez|date=January 2010}}

|Salween

|6,600

|3,289

|2,044

|324,000

|Andaman Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|last1=Baronas|first1=J. Jotautas|last2=Stevenson|first2=Emily I.|last3=Hackney|first3=Christopher R.|last4=Darby|first4=Stephen E.|last5=Bickle|first5=Michael J.|last6=Hilton|first6=Robert G.|last7=Larkin|first7=Christina S.|last8=Parsons|first8=Daniel R.|last9=Myo Khaing|first9=Aung|last10=Tipper|first10=Edward T.|title=Integrating Suspended Sediment Flux in Large Alluvial River Channels: Application of a Synoptic Rouse-Based Model to the Irrawaddy and Salween Rivers|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface|volume=125|issue=9|year=2020|issn=2169-9003|doi=10.1029/2020JF005554|bibcode=2020JGRF..12505554B|doi-access=free}}

|Danube

|6,510

|2,860

|1,777

|801,463

|Black Sea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.icpdr.org/library/publications/annual-reports |title=Annual Reports}}

|Araguaia

|6,420

|2,627

|1,632

|377,000

|Tocantins

|Tributary river{{cite journal |last1=Aquino |first1=Samia |last2=Latrubesse |first2=Edgardo |last3=Bayer |first3=Maximiliano |title=Assessment of wash load transport in the Araguaia River (Aruanã Gauge Station), central Brazil |journal=Latin American Journal of Sedimentology and Basin Analysis |date=2009 |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=119–128 |url=https://www.lajsba.sedimentologia.org.ar/index.php/lajsba/article/view/111 }}

|Kapuas

|6,012

|1,143

|710

|98,749

|South China Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences|doi=10.1002/2016JG003701|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317140380|last1=Ting-Hsuan|first1=Huang|last2=Chen-Tung|first2=Arthur Chen|last3=Hsiao-Chun|first3=Tseng|last4=Jiann-Yuh|first4=Lou|last5=Shu Lun|first5=Wang|last6=Liyang|first6=Yang|last7=Selvaraj|first7=Kandasamy|last8=Xuelu|first8=Gao|last9=Jough-Tai|first9=Wang|last10=Edvin|first10=Aldrian|last11=G.S.|first11=Jacinto|last12=Gusti Z.|first12=Anshari|last13=Penjai|first13=Sompongchaiyakul|last14=B.J.|first14=Wang|title=Riverine carbon fluxes to the South China Sea: Riverine carbon fluxes to the SCS|date=May 2017|s2cid=135024272|volume=122|issue=5|pages =1239–1259 }}

|Juruá

|6,004

|3,283

|2,040

|186,000

|Amazon

|Tributary river

|Ubangi

|5,936

|2,272

|1,405

|651,915

|Congo

|Tributary river{{cite journal |last1=Becker |first1=M. |last2=Papa |first2=F. |last3=Frappart |first3=F. |last4=Alsdorf |first4=D. |last5=Calmant |first5=S. |last6=da Silva |first6=J. Santos |last7=Prigent |first7=C. |last8=Seyler |first8=F. |title=Satellite-based estimates of surface water dynamics in the Congo River Basin |journal=International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation |date=April 2018 |volume=66 |pages=196–209 |doi=10.1016/j.jag.2017.11.015 |bibcode=2018IJAEO..66..196B |s2cid=6873734 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01671764 }}

|Niagara

|5,885

|58

|36

|684,000

|Lake Ontario

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/niagara-river|title=Niagara River}}

|Meta

|5,694

|1,200

|742

|103,000

|Orinoco

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://bibliofep.fundacionempresaspolar.org/media/1378189/agua_ti_cap03.pdf|title=La geografía del agua|last1=José Rafael|first1=Córdova|last2=Marcelo González|first2=Sanabria}}

|Meghna

|5,603

|1,040

|646

|85,401

|Lower Meghna

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/CENTRAL%20ASIA/GANGES_DELTA/index.html|title=Ganga Delta}}

|Indus

|5,589

|3,180

|2,000

|1,081,718

|Arabian Sea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins}}{{cite book |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-13743-8_7 |chapter=Critical Evaluation and Assessment of Average Annual Precipitation in the Indus, the Ganges and the Brahmaputra Basins, Northern India |title=Dynamics of Climate Change and Water Resources of Northwestern Himalaya |series=Society of Earth Scientists Series |year=2015 |last1=Khan |first1=Abul A. |last2=Pant |first2=Naresh C. |last3=Goswami |first3=Anuj |last4=Lal |first4=Ravish |last5=Joshi |first5=Rajesh |pages=67–84 |isbn=978-3-319-13742-1 }}

|Aldan

|5,501

|2,273

|1,412

|729,000

|Lena

|Tributary river{{cite book|doi=10.3390/ECWS-3-05801|last1=Evgenii|first1=I. Ponomarev|last2=Tatiana|first2=V. Ponomareva|title=Respose of Siberian River Discharge to Disturbances of Forests Caused by Wildfires|chapter=Response of Siberian River Discharge to Disturbances of Forests Caused by Wildfires |date=2018|volume=7|issue=1|page=1 |doi-access=free }}

|Mamberamo

|5,500

|1,175

|727

|78,992

|Pacific Ocean

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://docplayer.net/32004193-Country-report-implementation-of-demonstration-project-mamberamo-river-basin-indonesia.html|title=Country Report Implementation of Demonstration Project Mamberamo River Basin INDONESIA - PDF Free Download}}

|Branco

|5,400

|775

|479

|195,000

|Rio Negro

|Tributary river

|North America

|Detroit

|5,300

|44

|28

|595,052

|Lake Erie

|Primary river{{refn|group=note|If considered a river. The Detroit River may also be seen as a strait connecting Lake St. Clair with Lake Erie and separating the Lower Peninsula of Michigan from the Ontario Peninsula.}}

|Javari

|5,225

|1,184

|732

|109,680

|Amazon

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/SOUTH_AMERICA/AMAZON_MIIDLE%20AMAZON/index.html|title=Middle Amazon}}{{cite web|url=http://meioambiente.am.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Produto-II-Diagn%25C3%25B3stico-Progn%25C3%25B3stico-e-Cen%25C3%25A1rios-volume-II.pdf|title=PLANO ESTADUAL DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO AMAZONAS, (PERH/AM) - RT 03 - DIAGNÓSTICO, PROGNÓSTICO E CENÁRIOS FUTUROS DO RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO ESTADO - TOMO III|date=Jan 2019|access-date=2023-02-11|archive-date=2021-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506021650/http://meioambiente.am.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Produto-II-Diagn%C3%B3stico-Progn%C3%B3stico-e-Cen%C3%A1rios-volume-II.pdf|url-status=dead}}

|St. Clair

|5,200

|65

|40

|583,000

|Lake St. Clair

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5080/pdf/SIR20095080.pdf|title=Detection of Conveyance Changes in St.Clair River Using Inverse One-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Modelling}}

|Sepik

|5,000

|1,146

|700

|80,321

|Bismarck Sea

|Primary river{{cite book|url=https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/114888/2/b12297859.pdf|title=Geomorphology of Papua New Guinea|last=Ernst|first=Loffler|year=1977}}{{cite web|url=http://baloun.entu.cas.cz/png/DahlEtAlJTE13.pdf|title=Archived copy|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2022-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322032914/http://baloun.entu.cas.cz/png/DahlEtAlJTE13.pdf|url-status=dead}}

|Caroní

|4,981

|952

|595

|95,000

|Orinoco

|Tributary river

|Essequibo

|4,951

|1,014

|627

|150,769

|Atlantic Ocean

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins}}

|Juruena

|4,937

|1,240

|770

|192,628

|Tapajós

|Tributary river

|Ogooué

|4,935

|1,200

|747

|223,856

|Atlantic Ocean

|Primary river{{cite conference|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348187946|title=Modeling the Ogooué river discharge based on multi-missions altimetry data|date=September 2018|conference=AGU Chapman Conference on Hydrologic Research in the Congo Basin|location=Washington DC}}

|Angara

|4,833

|1,779

|1,100

|1,079,000

|Yenisei

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=217&catid=367&Itemid=179|title=Siberian Basins}}

|Pechora

|4,800

|1,809

|1,124

|322,000

|Barents Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|title=Structure and variability of the Pechora plume in the southeastern part of the Barents Sea|last1=Vladimir|first1=Rogozhin|last2=Alexander|first2=Osadchiev|last3=Olga|first3=Konivalova|journal=Frontiers in Marine Science |year=2023|volume=10 |doi=10.3389/fmars.2023.1052044 |doi-access=free }}

|Chindwin

|4,740

|1,207

|750

|114,000

|Irrawaddy

|Tributary river{{cite book|url=http://hywr.kuciv.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ihp/riverCatalogue/Vol_06/Myanmar-1_Chindwin_River.pdf|title=Myanmar 1. Chindwin River|last1=Chikamori|first1=Hidetaka|last2=Liu|first2=Heng|last3=Daniell|first3=Trevor}}

|Rajang

|4,715

|563

|350

|52,009

|South China Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences|doi=10.1002/2016JG003701|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317140380|last1=Ting-Hsuan|first1=Huang|last2=Chen-Tung|first2=Arthur Chen|last3=Hsiao-Chun|first3=Tseng|last4=Jiann-Yuh|first4=Lou|last5=Shu Lun|first5=Wang|last6=Liyang|first6=Yang|last7=Selvaraj|first7=Kandasamy|last8=Xuelu|first8=Gao|last9=Jough-Tai|first9=Wang|last10=Edvin|first10=Aldrian|last11=G.S.|first11=Jacinto|last12=Gusti Z.|first12=Anshari|last13=Penjai|first13=Sompongchaiyakul|last14=B.J.|first14=Wang|title=Riverine carbon fluxes to the South China Sea: Riverine carbon fluxes to the SCS|date=May 2017|s2cid=135024272|volume=122|issue=5|pages =1239–1259 }}{{cite thesis |last1=Sien Aun |first1=Edwin Sia |title=Microbial Ecology and Nutrient Dynamics of the Rajang River |date=2019|degree=Doctor of Philosophy |url=https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/6e6a61f5-0d9f-405c-9631-77aeedfab016/1/edwin_sia_thesis.pdf |access-date=7 March 2022 |publisher=Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science - Swinburne University of Technology |location=Australia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109085640/https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/6e6a61f5-0d9f-405c-9631-77aeedfab016/1/edwin_sia_thesis.pdf |archive-date=9 January 2022 |url-status=dead}}

|Paraguay

|4,696

|2,621

|1,629

|1,120,154

|Parana

|Tributary river

|Barito

|4,514

|1,090

|550

|81,675

|Java Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences|doi=10.1002/2016JG003701|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317140380|last1=Ting-Hsuan|first1=Huang|last2=Chen-Tung|first2=Arthur Chen|last3=Hsiao-Chun|first3=Tseng|last4=Jiann-Yuh|first4=Lou|last5=Shu Lun|first5=Wang|last6=Liyang|first6=Yang|last7=Selvaraj|first7=Kandasamy|last8=Xuelu|first8=Gao|last9=Jough-Tai|first9=Wang|last10=Edvin|first10=Aldrian|last11=G.S.|first11=Jacinto|last12=Gusti Z.|first12=Anshari|last13=Penjai|first13=Sompongchaiyakul|last14=B.J.|first14=Wang|title=Riverine carbon fluxes to the South China Sea: Riverine carbon fluxes to the SCS|date=May 2017|s2cid=135024272|volume=122|issue=5|pages =1239–1259 }}{{cite web|url=https://id.scribd.com/doc/211844751/STRATEGI-KEBIJAKAN-PENGELOLAAN-WILAYAH-SUNGAI-BARITO-KAPUAS-DALAM-RANGKA-MENDUKUNG-PENGEMBANGAN-KAWASAN-PERKOTAAN-YANG-BERKELANJUTAN&ved=2ahUKEwilrZ24vpfzAhWSv4sKHbJQA_k4RhAWegQIBRAB&usg=AOvVaw336KphLD4eRuJl10LvTa7E|title = Strategi & Kebijakan Pengelolaan Wilayah Sungai Barito - Kapuas Dalam Rangka Mendukung Pengembangan Kawasan Perkotaan Yang Berkelanjutan}}

|Ruki

|4,500

|1,300

|804

|173,790

|Congo

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers14-08/25361.pdf|title=Bassin du Zaïre}}

|Vaupés/Uaupes

|4,345

|1,050

|650

|64,370

|Rio Negro

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=43&catid=191&Itemid=179|title=Amazon}}

|Red (Hong)

|4,300

|1,149

|714

|143,600

|Gulf of Tonkin

|Primary river{{cite web |author=Krystian W. Pilarczyk |author-link=Krystian Pilarczyk |date=January 2003 |title=Bank erosion Mekong Delta and Red River |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294892187 |access-date=6 August 2024}}

|Mahakam

|4,278

|980

|609

|77,095

|Makassar Strait

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences|doi=10.1002/2016JG003701|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317140380|last1=Ting-Hsuan|first1=Huang|last2=Chen-Tung|first2=Arthur Chen|last3=Hsiao-Chun|first3=Tseng|last4=Jiann-Yuh|first4=Lou|last5=Shu Lun|first5=Wang|last6=Liyang|first6=Yang|last7=Selvaraj|first7=Kandasamy|last8=Xuelu|first8=Gao|last9=Jough-Tai|first9=Wang|last10=Edvin|first10=Aldrian|last11=G.S.|first11=Jacinto|last12=Gusti Z.|first12=Anshari|last13=Penjai|first13=Sompongchaiyakul|last14=B.J.|first14=Wang|title=Riverine carbon fluxes to the South China Sea: Riverine carbon fluxes to the SCS|date=May 2017|s2cid=135024272|volume=122|issue=5|pages =1239–1259 }}{{cite web|url=https://docplayer.info/amp/77498672-Pemodelan-kualitas-air-sungai-mahakam-sebagai-dasar-perencanaan-pengelolaan-lahan-wilayah-provinsi-kalimantan-timur.html|title=PEMODELAN KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI MAHAKAM SEBAGAI DASAR PERENCANAAN PENGELOLAAN LAHAN WILAYAH PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR - PDF Free Download}}

|Zambezi

|4,217

|2,574

|1,599

|1,331,000

|Indian Ocean

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://floodobservatory.colorado.edu/SiteDisplays/257.htm|title=The Food Observatory}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.gwsp.org/fileadmin/downloads/Nilsson_Science2005.pdf |title=Fragmentation and Flow Regulation of the World's Large River Systems |access-date=2011-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330202803/http://www.gwsp.org/fileadmin/downloads/Nilsson_Science2005.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-30 |url-status=dead }}

|Atrato

|4,140

|750

|466

|36,231

|Caribbean Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|title=Streamflow Intensification Driven by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) in the Atrato River Basin, Northwestern Colombia|last1=Wilmar|first1=Loaiza Cerón|journal=Water |year=2020|volume=12 |page=216 |doi=10.3390/w12010216 |doi-access=free |hdl=10251/176393 |hdl-access=free }}{{cite web |url=http://geotest.tamu.edu/userfiles/167/210.pdf |title=Chapter 14 |work=The Pacific and Caribbean Rivers of Colombia: Water Discharge, Sediment Transport and Dissolved Loads |accessdate=2011-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325144718/http://geotest.tamu.edu/userfiles/167/210.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-25 |url-status=dead }}

|Nizhnyaya Tunguska

|4,139

|2,989

|1,848

|473,000

|Yenisei

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=217&catid=367&Itemid=179|title=Siberian Basins}}

|Kolyma

|4,100

|2,129

|1,317

|644,000

|East Siberian Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Nature Communications|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-27228-1|last1=Dongmei|first1=Feng|last2=Colin|first2=J. Gleason|last3=Peirong|first3=Lin|last4=Xiao|first4=Yang|last5=Ming|first5=Pan|last6=Yuta|first6=Ishitsuka|title=Recent changes to Arctic river discharge|date=2021|volume=12|number=6917|page=6917 |pmid=34824255 |pmc=8617260 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.6917F }}

|Kama

|4,100

|1,805

|1,122

|507,000

|Volga

|Tributary river{{cite book|url=http://isi.irtces.org/isi/rootfiles/2017/07/04/1496391629451299-1498713525725099.pdf|title=THE VOLGA RIVER BASIN REPORT|last1=Valentin|first1=Golosov|last2=Vladimir|first2=Belayev|year=2017}}

|Apaporis

|4,092

|1,370

|847

|54,300

|Japurá

|Tributary river{{cite book|url=http://documentacion.ideam.gov.co/openbiblio/bvirtual/021888/CAP3.pdf|title=ESTUDIO NACIONAL DEL AGUA 2010 (IDEAM) - Agua Superficial - Caracterización y análísis de la oferta|last1=Félix Dario|first1=Sánchez|last2=Martha|first2=García|last3=Omar|first3=Jaramillo|last4=Nelsy|first4=Verdugo|year=2010}}

|4,087

|870

|540

|145,000

|Madeira

|Tributary river

|Grijalva–Usumacinta

|4,028

|1,000

|620

|134,400

|Gulf of Mexico

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins}}

|Strickland

|4,000

|824

|512

|36,740

|Fly

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=http://hdl.handle.net/11017/211|title=Sustainable Development for Traditional Inhabitants of the Torres Strait Region|last1=David|first1=Lawrence|last2=Tim|first2=Cansfield-Smith|year=1990|hdl=11017/211 }}

|Teles Pires

|3,978

|1,638

|1,013

|141,718

|Tapajós

|Tributary river{{cite journal |last1=Coe |first1=Michael T. |last2=Costa |first2=Marcos Heil |last3=Botta |first3=Aurélie |last4=Birkett |first4=Charon |title=Long-term simulations of discharge and floods in the Amazon Basin |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 October 2002 |volume=107 |issue=D20 |page=8044 |doi=10.1029/2001JD000740 |bibcode=2002JGRD..107.8044C }}

|North America

|Fraser

|3,944

|1,375

|854

|231,593

|Pacific Ocean

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins}}

|Digul

|3,867

|853

|530

|45,900

|Arafura Sea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/29742120|title=Grafik Neraca Air Pulau Papua|last1=Firmansyah|first1=Rendy}}

|Huallaga

|3,796

|1,138

|704

|95,000

|Marañón

|Tributary river

|Godavari

|3,571

|1,465

|910

|312,812

|Bay of Bengal

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://floodobservatory.colorado.edu/SiteDisplays/2009.htm|title=The Flood Observatory}}

|Caura

|3,545

|723

|449

|52,000

|Orinoco

|Tributary river

|Africa

|Benue

|3,477

|1,370

|847

|319,000

|Niger

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t1o0EAAAQBAJ&dq=Niger+6925+m3/s&pg=PT1156|title = AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING: An Introduction to Agricultural Engineering}}

|Kaladan

|3,476

|450

|278

|40,000

|Bay of Bengal

|Primary river{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7904921|title=Fragmentation and Flow Regulation of the World's Large River System|last1=Christer|first1=Nilsson|last2=Catherine|first2=Reidy, Liermann|last3=Mats|first3=Dynesius|last4=Carmen|first4=Revenga|journal=Science |doi=10.1126/science.1107887|year=2005|volume=308 |issue=5720 |pages=405–408 |pmid=15831757 |bibcode=2005Sci...308..405N |s2cid=34820022 }}

|Jutai

|3,462

|1,200

|742

|74,000

|Amazon

|Tributary river

|Slave

|3,451

|434

|270

|616,400

|Great Slave Lake

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=136&catid=308&Itemid=179|title=Mackenzie}}

|Lohit

|3,438

|460

|285

|50,000

|Brahmaputra

|Tributary river

|Northern Dvina

|3,416

|744

|462

|357,052

|White Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|url=https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article/9/1/00098/117201/Changing-freshwater-contributions-to-the-ArcticA|doi=10.1525/elementa.2020.00098 |title=Changing freshwater contributions to the Arctic |year=2021 |last1=Stadnyk |first1=Tricia A. |last2=Tefs |first2=A. |last3=Broesky |first3=M. |last4=Déry |first4=S. J. |last5=Myers |first5=P. G. |last6=Ridenour |first6=N. A. |last7=Koenig |first7=K. |last8=Vonderbank |first8=L. |last9=Gustafsson |first9=D. |journal=Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |volume=9 |issue=1 |page=00098 |s2cid=236682638 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2021EleSA...9...98S }}

|Inírida

|3,385

|1,300

|804

|53,795

|Guaviare

|Tributary river{{cite book|url=http://documentacion.ideam.gov.co/openbiblio/bvirtual/021888/CAP3.pdf|title=ESTUDIO NACIONAL DEL AGUA 2010 (IDEAM) - Agua Superficial - Caracterización y análísis de la oferta|last1=Félix Dario|first1=Sánchez|last2=Martha|first2=García|last3=Omar|first3=Jaramillo|last4=Nelsy|first4=Verdugo|year=2010}}

|Shatt al-Arab

|3,350

|204

|127

|938,173

|Persian Gulf

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/NEAR%20EAST/TIGRIS_DELTA/index.html|title=Tigris Euphrates Delta-Coastal}}{{cite journal|journal=International Journal of Water|url=https://faculty.uobasrah.edu.iq/uploads/publications/1586448033.pdf|doi=10.1504/IJW.2019.106049|title=General assessment of Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq|last1=Safaa|first1=Al-Asadi|last2=Abdulzahra|first2=Alhello|volume=13|page=360-375|year=2019|issue=4 }}

|North America

|Nelson

|3,343

|2,575

|1,600

|982,900

|Hudson Bay

|Primary river{{cite journal|url=https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article/9/1/00098/117201/Changing-freshwater-contributions-to-the-ArcticA|doi=10.1525/elementa.2020.00098 |title=Changing freshwater contributions to the Arctic |year=2021 |last1=Stadnyk |first1=Tricia A. |last2=Tefs |first2=A. |last3=Broesky |first3=M. |last4=Déry |first4=S. J. |last5=Myers |first5=P. G. |last6=Ridenour |first6=N. A. |last7=Koenig |first7=K. |last8=Vonderbank |first8=L. |last9=Gustafsson |first9=D. |journal=Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |volume=9 |issue=1 |page=00098 |s2cid=236682638 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2021EleSA...9...98S }}

|Purari

|3,300

|630

|390

|33,670

|Gulf of Papua

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.deltares.nl/nl|title=Deltares}}

|Kikori

|3,274

|405

|250

|23,309

|Gulf of Papua

|Primary river{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7904921|title=Fragmentation and Flow Regulation of the World's Large River System|last1=Christer|first1=Nilsson|last2=Catherine|first2=Reidy, Liermann|last3=Mats|first3=Dynesius|last4=Carmen|first4=Revenga|journal=Science |doi=10.1126/science.1107887|year=2005|volume=308 |issue=5720 |pages=405–408 |pmid=15831757 |bibcode=2005Sci...308..405N |s2cid=34820022 }}

|Khatanga

|3,200

|1,636

|1,012

|364,000

|Laptev Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Nature Communications|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-27228-1|last1=Dongmei|first1=Feng|last2=Colin|first2=J. Gleason|last3=Peirong|first3=Lin|last4=Xiao|first4=Yang|last5=Ming|first5=Pan|last6=Yuta|first6=Ishitsuka|title=Recent changes to Arctic river discharge|date=2021|volume=12|number=6917|page=6917 |pmid=34824255 |pmc=8617260 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.6917F }}

|Pulau

|3,133

|569

|353

|37,164

|Arafura Sea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://publicwiki.deltares.nl/display/JCP/Final+Reports|title=Final report Einlanden-Digul-Bikuma basin IWRM case study|last1=van Beek|first1=E.|last2=Bons|first2=K.|last3=Brinkman|first3=J.|year=2013}}

|Nile

|3,075

|6,853

|4,258

|3,349,000

|Mediterranean Sea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=35&catid=186&Itemid=179|title=Nile River}}

|Musi

|3,054

|759

|471

|59,942

|South China Sea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://sda.pu.go.id|title=sda.pu.go.id}}

|Tigre

|3,047

|940

|581

|45,073

|Marañón

|Tributary river{{cite journal|url=https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12543/1063|title=Oficina Nacional de Evaluación de Recursos Naturales (ONERN)|journal=Autoridad Nacional del Agua|year=1980|hdl=20.500.12543/1063}}{{cite journal|url=https://repositorio.ana.gob.pe/handle/20.500.12543/39|title=Evaluación de recursos hídricos en la cuenca Marañón|journal=Autoridad Nacional del Agua |year=2015 |last1=Agua |first1=Autoridad Nacional del |last2=Inclam |first2=Grupo }}

|Subansiri

|3,003

|442

|275

|35,763

|Brahmaputra

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/CENTRAL%20ASIA/GANGES_LOWERB/index.html|title=Lower Brahmaputra}}

|Ghaghara

|2,993

|1,080

|671

|127,950

|Ganges

|Tributary river{{cite book|last1=Jain|first1=Sharad K.|last2=Agarwal|first2=Pushpendra K.|last3=Singh|first3=Vijay P.|title=Hydrology and water resources of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&pg=PA341|accessdate=26 April 2011|year=2007|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4020-5179-1|page=341}}

|Irtysh

|2,980

|4,248

|2,627

|1,673,470

|Ob

|Tributary river

|Yamuna

|2,949

|1,376

|855

|366,223

|Ganges

|Tributary river

|São Francisco

|2,943

|2,830

|1,758

|641,000

|Atlantic Ocean

|Primary river

|Srepok

|2,940

|450

|279

|79,015

|Mekong

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org|title=Rivers Network}}

|Kwango

|2,932

|1,100

|680

|270,904

|Kasai

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=54&catid=215&Itemid=179|title=Congo River}}

|Panjnad

|2,910

|71

|44

|395,000

|Indus

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/CENTRAL%20ASIA/INDUS_SUTLEJ/index.html|title=Sutlej}}

|Rhine

|2,900

|1,233

|820

|198,735

|North Sea

|Primary river[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0013/001333/133303e.pdf Rhine case study]; Technical documents in hydrology: PC-CP series; Vol.:17; 2003

|Yarlung Tsangpo

|2,899

|1,125

|699

|241,691

|Brahmaputra

|Tributary River{{cite web|url=https://factsanddetails.com/china/cat15/sub100/entry-8346.html|title=YARLUNG TSANGPO (BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER) IN TIBET}}{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/CENTRAL%20ASIA/GANGES_UPPERB/index.html|title=Upper Brahmaputra}}

|Beni

|2,875

|1,100

|680

|131,500

|Madre de Dios

|Tributary river{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312508466 |doi=10.1080/02626667.2016.1267861|title=Hydroclimatology of the Upper Madeira River basin: Spatio-temporal variability and trends |year=2017 |last1=Molina-Carpio |first1=Jorge |last2=Espinoza |first2=Jhan Carlo |last3=Vauchel |first3=Philippe |last4=Ronchail |first4=Josyane |last5=Gutierrez Caloir |first5=Beatriz |last6=Guyot |first6=Jean-Loup |last7=Noriega |first7=Luis |journal=Hydrological Sciences Journal |volume=62 |issue=6 |pages=911–927 |bibcode=2017HydSJ..62..911M |s2cid=133578964 }}

|Asia

|Gan

|2,865

|599

|372

|103,107

|Yangtze

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=222&catid=373&Itemid=179|title=Yangzi Jiang-Chang Jiang (Yangtze)}}

|Trombetas

|2,855

|1,060

|656

|135,239

|Amazon

|Tributary river

|Min

|2,850

|735

|457

|133,000

|Yangtze

|Tributary river{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ed2EDwAAQBAJ&dq=Minjiang+River+Yibin+m3%2Fs&pg=PA5|title = Studies of the Biogeochemistry of Typical Estuaries and Bays in China|isbn = 9783662581698|last1 = Shen|first1 = Zhiliang|date = 23 January 2019| publisher=Springer }}

|Xiang

|2,848

|948

|589

|102,148

|Yangtze

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=222&catid=373&Itemid=179|title=Yangzi Jiang-Chang Jiang (Yangtze)}}

|Koksoak

|2,800

|137

|85

|133,400

|Ungava Bay

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/river|title=River}}

|Neva

|2,770

|74

|46

|287,094

|Gulf of Finland

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins}}{{cite book|author = Nezhihovsky, R. A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQ8LHQAACAAJ|title = Neva River and Neva Bay|publisher=Gidrometeoizdat|year = 1981}}

|Pastaza

|2,769

|740

|458

|41,000

|Marañón

|Tributary river

|Iriri

|2,745

|1,300

|810

|130,000

|Xingu

|Tributary river

|Cuyuni

|2,719

|618

|384

|85,635

|Essequibo

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.waterfootprint.org/media/downloads/Report53-GlobalBlueWaterScarcity.pdf|title=GLOBAL WATER SCARCITY: THE MONTHLY BLUE WATER FOOTPRINT COMPARED TO BLUE WATER AVAILABILITY FOR THE WORLD'S MAJOR RIVER BASINS-VALUE OF WATER RESEARCH REPORT SERIES NO.53|last1=A.Y.|first1=Hoekstra|last2=M.M.|first2=Mekonnen|date=Sep 2011}}

|Mali Hka

|2,693

|320

|200

|23,221

|Irrawaddy

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/SOUTH%20ASIA/IRRAWADDY_UPPER/index.html|title=Upper Irrawaddy}}

|Cross

|2,647

|489

|304

|53,590

|Gulf of Guinea

|Primary river{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins}}

|Batang Hari

|2,643

|800

|497

|46,504

|South China Sea

|Primary river

|Amu Darya

|2,618

|2,400

|1,491

|534,739

|Aral Sea

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Ecological Indicators|doi=10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.111419|title=Environmental flow assessment, evaluation, and suggestions for dying riverine ecosystem of the transboundary Amudarya River, Central Asia|last1=Rashid|first1=Mahmood|last2=Shaofeng|first2=Jia|last3=Aifeng|first3=Lv|last4=Shahid|first4=Naeem|volume=178|year=2024|doi-access=free|bibcode=2024EcInd.15811419M }}

|Casiquiare

|2,574

|340

|210

|82,800

|Rio Negro

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=43&catid=191&Itemid=179|title=Amazon}}

|Yellow

|2,571

|5,464

|3,395

|752,000

|Yellow Sea

|Primary river

|Mahanadi

|2,562

|900

|560

|141,600

|Bay of Bengal

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=105&catid=274&Itemid=179|title=Indian Peninsula}}

|Pyasina

|2,550

|818

|508

|182,000

|Kara Sea

|Primary river

|Sankuru

|2,500

|1,200

|756

|156,000

|Kasai

|Tributary river

|Koshi

|2,500

|729

|453

|69,300

|Ganges

|Tributary river

|Sangha

|2,471

|790

|489

|213,400

|Congo

|Tributary river{{cite journal |last1=Becker |first1=M. |last2=Papa |first2=F. |last3=Frappart |first3=F. |last4=Alsdorf |first4=D. |last5=Calmant |first5=S. |last6=da Silva |first6=J. Santos |last7=Prigent |first7=C. |last8=Seyler |first8=F. |title=Satellite-based estimates of surface water dynamics in the Congo River Basin |journal=International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation |date=April 2018 |volume=66 |pages=196–209 |doi=10.1016/j.jag.2017.11.015 |bibcode=2018IJAEO..66..196B |s2cid=6873734 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01671764 }}

|Songhua

|2,463

|1,434

|887

|557,180

|Amur

|Tributary river

|Ghorautra

|2,463

|90

|56

|24,060

|Meghna

|Tributary river

|Kayan

|2,454

|576

|358

|33,005

|Celebes Sea

|Primary river{{Citation |last=Hanergy Holding Group |title=Indonesia East Kalimantan Kayan River Basin Hydropower and Aluminum smelting Project |url=https://www.scribd.com/presentation/323552343 |date=March 2013 |type=Slide deck |mode=cs1 |via=Scribd |access-date=24 September 2021 |archive-date=24 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924131157/https://www.scribd.com/presentation/323552343 |url-status=live }}

|North America

|Missouri

|2,445

|3,767

|2,341

|1,371,010

|Mississippi

|Tributary river

|Liard

|2,434

|1,115

|693

|277,100

|Mackenzie

|Tributary river

|Guainía

|2,433

|640

|400

|28,900

|Rio Negro

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=43&catid=191&Itemid=179|title=Amazon}}

|Guapore

|2,430

|1,260

|783

|341,000

|Mamoré

|Tributary river

|Ituí

|2,422

|558

|347

|43,403

|Javari

|Tributary river

|Rio Grande

|2,400

|1,360

|841

|143,000

|Paraná

|Tributary river

|South America

|Paragua

|2,389

|550

|340

|39,605

|Caroní

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/SOUTH_AMERICA/ORINOCO_CARONI/index.html|title=Caroni}}

|Vitim

|2,379

|1,940

|1,210

|225,000

|Lena

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=217&catid=367&Itemid=179|title=Siberian Basins}}

|Cauca

|2,364

|1,180

|730

|59,840

|Magdalena

|Tributary river

|Yarí

|2,360

|620

|383

|31,650

|Japurá

|Tributary river

|Urubamba

|2,330

|724

|448

|60,300

|Ucayali

|Tributary river

|Jacuí

|2,327

|723

|449

|82,618

|Lagoa dos Patos

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/SOUTH_AMERICA/ATLANTIC%20EAST%20COAST_JACUI/index.html|title=Jacui}}{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=165&catid=191&Itemid=179|title=Atlantic East Coast}}

|San Juan

|2,304

|380

|240

|15,000

|Pacific Ocean

|Primary river{{cite book|url=https://www.andi.com.co/Uploads/ENA%202022_compressed.pdf|title=ESTUDIO NACIONAL DEL AGUA 2022|isbn=978-958-5489-12-7|year=2023}}

|Apure

|2,300

|1,038

|645

|121,400

|Orinoco

|Tributary river

|Uatumã

|2,291

|701

|436

|67,920

|Amazon

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/SOUTH_AMERICA/AMAZON_LOWER%20AMAZON/index.html|title=Lower Amazon}}

|Içana

|2,279

|676

|420

|35,675

|Rio Negro

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/SOUTH_AMERICA/AMAZON_NEGRO/index.html|title=Amazon Negro}}

|Jamanxim

|2,217

|666

|414

|58,771

|Tapajós

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=43&catid=191&Itemid=179|title=Amazon}}{{cite journal|url=https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/files/146297571/Mapping_the_world_s_free_flowing_rivers_MULLIGAN_Publishedonline8May2019_GREEN_AAM.pdf|title=Mapping the world's free-flowing rivers|year=2019|doi=10.1038/s41586-019-1111-9 |last1=Grill |first1=G. |last2=Lehner |first2=B. |last3=Thieme |first3=M. |last4=Geenen |first4=B. |last5=Tickner |first5=D. |last6=Antonelli |first6=F. |last7=Babu |first7=S. |last8=Borrelli |first8=P. |last9=Cheng |first9=L. |last10=Crochetiere |first10=H. |last11=Ehalt Macedo |first11=H. |last12=Filgueiras |first12=R. |last13=Goichot |first13=M. |last14=Higgins |first14=J. |last15=Hogan |first15=Z. |last16=Lip |first16=B. |last17=McClain |first17=M. E. |last18=Meng |first18=J. |last19=Mulligan |first19=M. |last20=Nilsson |first20=C. |last21=Olden |first21=J. D. |last22=Opperman |first22=J. J. |last23=Petry |first23=P. |last24=Reidy Liermann |first24=C. |last25=Sáenz |first25=L. |last26=Salinas-Rodríguez |first26=S. |last27=Schelle |first27=P. |last28=Schmitt |first28=R. J. P. |last29=Snider |first29=J. |last30=Tan |first30=F. |journal=Nature |volume=569 |issue=7755 |pages=215–221 |pmid=31068722 |bibcode=2019Natur.569..215G |s2cid=148569772 |display-authors=1 }}

|Krishna River

|2,213

|1,400

|870

|258,948

|Bay of Bengal

|Primary river{{cite journal|journal=Current Science|url=https://www.academia.edu/65907676|title=A Significant Shift in Particulate Organic Matter Characteristics during Flooding of River Krishna, Eastern Peninsular India|last1=C. Prakash|first1=Babu|volume=118|doi=10.18520/cs/v118/i3/455-461|year=2020|doi-access=free}}

|Aruwimi

|2,200

|1,287

|799

|116,100

|Congo

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org|title=FAO}}

|Red River

|2,187

|2,190

|1,360

|239,195

|Atchafalaya

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/NORTH%20AMERICA/LOWER%20MISS_LOWERRED/index.html|title=Lower Red-Ouachita}}

|Ventuari

|2,160

|520

|322

|40,861

|Orinoco

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=67&catid=10&Itemid=179|title=Orinoco}}

|Curaray

|2,155

|800

|500

|26,775

|Napo

|Tributary river

|Tennessee

|2,140

|1,049

|652

|105,870

|Ohio

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/NORTH%20AMERICA/TENNESSEEE_LOWER/index.html|title=Lower Tennessee}}

|St. Marys

|2,135

|120

|75

|127,700

|Lake Huron

|Tributary river

|Canumã

|2,135

|900

|560

|52,433

|Madeira

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/SOUTH_AMERICA/AMAZON_MADEIRA/index.html|title=Madeira}}

|Tapauá

|2,135

|640

|400

|63,185

|Purus

|Tributary river

|Jialing

|2,120

|1,345

|836

|160,000

|Yangtze

|Tributary river

|Mobile

|2,118

|72

|45

|112,530

|Gulf of Mexico

|Primary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/NORTH%20AMERICA/SOUTH%20ATLANTIC%20GULF_MOBILE/index.html|title=Mobile-Tombigbee}}

|Peace

|2,110

|1,923

|1,195

|306,000

|Slave

|Tributary river

|Olyokma

|2,110

|1,436

|892

|210,000

|Lena

|Tributary river

|Yuan

|2,106

|864

|537

|93,287

|Yangtze

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/MAPS/CENTRAL%20ASIA/YANGTZE_YUAN/index.html|title=Yuan Jiang}}

|Ji-Paraná

|2,100

|820

|510

|76,127

|Madeira

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=http://www.coc.ufrj.br/es/documents2/doutorado/2006-2/860-alfredo-ribeiro-neto-doutorado/file&ved=2ahUKEwj9k6rv5or9AhX_AxAIHbTFB7EQFnoECAkQAQ&usg=AOvVaw263SiaNJvrXCQt8VjBOQzr|title=SIMULAÇÃO HIDROLÓGICA NA AMAZÔNIA: RIO MADEIRA|first1=Carlos|last1=Vieira da Silva|first2=Carlos Eduardo|last2=Morelli Tucci|first3=José|last3=Almir Cirilo|first4=Luciene|last4=Pimentel da Silva|first5=Otto|last5=Corrêa Roturno Filho|first6=Benoit|last6=Le Guennec|year=2006}}

|Sanaga

|2,072

|1,067

|663

|132,990

|Gulf of Guinea

|Primary river

|Lomami

|2,062

|1,450

|900

|104,162

|Congo

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=54&catid=215&Itemid=179|title=Congo}}

|Asia

|Hongshui

|2,049

|669.6

|416.1

|141,674

|Xi

|Tributary river

|Lulonga

|2,040

|200

|120

|76,950

|Congo

|Tributary river{{cite web|url=https://bg.copernicus.org/preprints/bg-2016-240/bg-2016-240-manuscript-version5.pdf|title=Shift in the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter in the Congo River network|last1=Thibault|first1=Lambert|last2=Steven|first2=Bouillon|last3=François|first3=Darchambeau|last4=Philippe|first4=Massicotte|last5=Alberto|first5=V. Borges}}

|Asia

|Gandaki

|2,025

|814

|506

|46,300

|Ganges

|Tributary river

|Anadyr

|2,020

|1,150

|710

|191,000

|Gulf of Anadyr

|Primary river{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7904921|title=Fragmentation and Flow Regulation of the World's Large River System|last1=Christer|first1=Nilsson|last2=Catherine|first2=Reidy, Liermann|last3=Mats|first3=Dynesius|last4=Carmen|first4=Revenga|journal=Science |doi=10.1126/science.1107887|year=2005|volume=308 |issue=5720 |pages=405–408 |pmid=15831757 |bibcode=2005Sci...308..405N |s2cid=34820022 }}