1688

File:Prince of Orange engraving by William Miller after Turner R739.jpg: The Glorious Revolution begins as William of Orange, primary Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, leads an invasion of England with 20,000 soldiers and marches towards London.]]

Events

= January–March =

January 2 – Fleeing from the Spanish Navy, French pirate Raveneau de Lussan and his 70 men arrive on the west coast of Nicaragua, sink their boats, and make a difficult 10 day march to the city of Ocotal.{{cite book |last1=de Lussan |first1=Raveneau |last2=Wilbur |first2=Marguerite Eyer |title=Raveneau de Lussan, buccaneer of the Spanish Main and early French filibuster of the Pacific |date=1930 |publisher=The Arthur H. Clark company |pages=251, 257–262 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b721060&view=1up&seq=271&q1=seventy |access-date=6 June 2023}}
January 5 – Pirates Charles Swan and William Dampier and the crew of the privateer Cygnet become the first Englishmen to set foot on the continent of Australia.{{cite book |last1=Abbott |first1=J.H.M. |title=The story of William Dampier |date=1911 |publisher=Angus & Robertson Ltd. |pages=55–56|location=Sydney |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-39403686/view?partId=nla.obj-39409291#page/n56/mode/1up |access-date=7 June 2023 |language=en}}
January 11 – The Patta Fort and the Avandha Fort, located in what is now India's Maharashtra state near Ahmednagar, are captured from the Maratha clan by Mughul Army commander Matabar Khan. The Mughal Empire rules the area 73 years.
January 17 – Ilona Zrínyi, who has defended the Palanok Castle in Hungary from Austrian Imperial forces since 1685, is forced to surrender to General Antonio Caraffa.
January 29 – Madame Jeanne Guyon, French mystic, is arrested in France and imprisoned for seven months.{{cite book |last1=Guerrier |first1=Louis |title=Madame Guyon: sa vie, sa doctrine et son influence, d'après les écrits originaux et des documents inédits |date=1881 |publisher=H. Herluison |pages=158, 170 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cmorAAAAYAAJ&q=septembre%201688 |access-date=7 June 2023 |language=fr}}
January 30 (January 20, 1687 old style) – King James II of England and Scotland issues a proclamation offering amnesty to pirates in the West Indies who surrender to Sir Robert Holmes.{{cite book |last1=Brigham |first1=Clarence Saunders |title=British royal proclamations relating to America, 1603-1783 |date=1911 |publisher=American Antiquarian Society |location=Worcester |page=140 |url=https://archive.org/details/royalproclamations12brigrich/page/140/mode/2up |access-date=7 June 2023}}
February 7 – Six French Jesuit scientists, Joachim Bouvet, Jean-François Gerbillon, Louis-Daniel Lecomte, Guy Tachard, Claude de Visdelou and the leader, Jean de Fontaney, arrive in Beijing and are welcomed by the Emperor of China, Kangxi.[https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02723b.htm "Joachim Bouvet"], The Catholic Encyclopedia online, NewAdvent.org
February 17 – James Renwick, the last of the Covenanters in Scotland to be martyred for opposing the authority of King Charles II, is publicly hanged at Grassmarket square in Edinburgh.
February 23 – Abaza Siyavuş Pasha, the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, is assassinated by the Janissaries, the Turkish troops who had placed him in power in September, after the new Sultan fails to make payment of an expected bonus.
February 28 – The French opera David et Jonathas, composed by Marc-Antoine Charpentier, is performed for the first time.{{cite book |last1=Letellier |first1=Robert Ignatius |title=The Bible in Music |date=23 June 2017 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |isbn=978-1-4438-6848-8 |page=306 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hVwpDwAAQBAJ&dq=David+et+Jonathas+%2228+february+1688%22&pg=PA306 |access-date=7 June 2023 |language=en}}
March 1 – A great fire devastates Bungay, England.{{cite book |last1=Kirby |first1=John |title=The Suffolk Traveller |date=1764 |publisher=J. Shave |location=London |page=157 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c34_AQAAMAAJ&dq=fire+bungay+%221+march+1688%22&pg=PA157 |access-date=7 June 2023 |language=en}}
March – William Dampier makes the first recorded visit to Christmas Island, now a territory of Australia, located south of the island of Java (now part of Indonesia).

= April–June =

April 3 – Francesco Morosini becomes Doge of Venice.{{cite book |last1=Setton |first1=Kenneth Meyer |title=Venice, Austria, and the Turks in the Seventeenth Century |date=1991 |publisher=American Philosophical Society |isbn=978-0-87169-192-7 |page=346 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XN51y209fR8C&dq=Francesco+Morosini+%223+april+1688%22&pg=PA346|access-date=7 June 2023 |language=en}}{{rp|346}}{{cite book |last1=Romanin |first1=Samuele |title=Storia documentata di Venezia: Tomo VII |date=1858 |publisher=Naratovich |page=491 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lHQ5AAAAcAAJ&dq=Francesco+Morosini+%223+aprile+1688%22&pg=PA491 |access-date=7 June 2023 |language=it}}
April 9 – Morean War: The Venetian forces under Francesco Morosini evacuate Athens{{cite book |last1=Bearman |first1=P. |last2=Bianquis |first2=Th. |last3=Bosworth |first3=C.E. |last4=van Donzel |first4=E. |last5=Heinrichs |first5=W.P. |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |date=1986 |publisher=Brill |page=739 |url=https://archive.org/details/ei2-complete/Encyclopaedia_of_Islam_vol_1_A-B/page/739/mode/2up?q=athens |access-date=7 June 2023 |language=en}} and Piraeus.
April 18 (Julian calendar) – The Germantown Quaker Protest Against Slavery is drafted by four Germantown Quakers.{{cite book |last1=II |first1=Edwin Wolf |title=Germantown and the Germans|date=1983 |publisher=The Library Company of Philadelphia |isbn=978-0-914076-72-8 |page=11 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VmzfBuX1Z2QC&dq=%22april+18+1688%22+Quaker+Protest+Against+Slavery&pg=PA11 |access-date=7 June 2023 |language=en}}
May 4 – King James II of England orders his Declaration of Indulgence, suspending penal laws against Catholics, to be read from every Anglican pulpit in England.{{cite book |last1=Killeen |first1=Kevin |last2=Smith |first2=Helen |last3=Willie |first3=Rachel |title=The Oxford Handbook of the Bible in Early Modern England, C. 1530-1700 |date=2015 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-968697-1 |page=442 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nAM7CgAAQBAJ&dq=Declaration+of+Indulgence+%224+may+1688%22&pg=PA442 |access-date=8 June 2023 |language=en}} The Church of England and its staunchest supporters, the peers and gentry, are outraged; on June 8 the Archbishop of Canterbury, William Sancroft, is imprisoned in the Tower of London for refusing to proclaim it.
May 9 (April 29 OS) – Friedrich Wilhelm, the Great Elector of Brandenburg-Prussia, dies.{{cite book |last1=Maurice |first1=C. Edmund |title=Life of Frederick William, the Great Elector of Brandenburg |date=1926 |publisher=G. Allen & Unwin ltd. |page=177 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015008725684&view=1up&seq=183&q1=1688 |access-date=7 June 2023}} Friedrich III becomes Elector of Brandenburg-Prussia until 1701, when he becomes the first King of Prussia, as Friedrich I.
May 10 – King Narai of Ayutthaya nominates Princess Sudawadi as his successor, with Constantine Phaulkon, Mom Pi and Phetracha acting as joint regents.{{cite book |last1=Cruysse |first1=Dirk van der |title=Siam and the West, 1500-1700 |date=2002 |publisher=Silkworm Books |location=Chiang Mai |isbn=978-974-7551-57-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/siamwest150017000000cruy/page/444/mode/2up?q=%2210+may%22 |access-date=8 June 2023}}{{rp|444}}{{cite journal |last1=Smithies |first1=Michael |title=Robert Challe and Siam |journal=Journal of the Siam Society |date=1993 |volume=81 |issue=1 |page=97 |url=https://thesiamsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/1993/03/JSS_081_1f_Smithies_RobertChalleAndSiam.pdf |access-date=8 June 2023}}
May 17 – The arrest of King Narai of Ayutthaya launches a coup d'état.
June 5
A 7.0 magnitude earthquake{{cite web |title=5 June 1688 earthquake |url=https://www.emidius.eu/AHEAD/event/16880605_1530_000 |website=www.emidius.eu |access-date=8 June 2023}} strikes southern Italy at 6:30 in the evening and kills at least 10,000 people in the Kingdom of Naples in what is now the province of Benevento.
Constantine Phaulkon is beheaded after having been arrested in May.{{cite thesis |last=Strach III |first=Walter J. |date=2004 |title=Constantine Phaulkon and Somdet Phra Narai: Dynamics of Court Politics in Seventeenth Century Siam |url=https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/18f5fa01-b83e-45e2-b981-639c319b7045/content |type=M.A |publisher=University of Hawai'i |pages=1–2 |access-date=8 June 2023}}
June 10 – The birth of James Francis Edward Stuart (later known as the Old Pretender), son and heir to James II of England and his Catholic wife Mary of Modena, at St James's Palace in London, increases public disquiet about a Catholic dynasty, particularly when the baby is baptised into the Catholic faith. Rumours about his true maternity swiftly begin to circulate.
June 24 – French forces under Chevalier de Beauregard abandon their garrison at Mergui, following repeated Siamese attacks; this ultimately leads to their withdrawal from the country.{{cite book |last1=Boucheron |first1=Patrick |last2=Gerson |first2=Stéphane |title=France in the World: A New Global History |date=9 April 2019 |publisher=Other Press, LLC |isbn=978-1-59051-942-4 |page=374 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7r9kDwAAQBAJ&dq=Chevalier+de+Beauregard+mergui+24+june+1688&pg=PA374 |access-date=8 June 2023 |language=en}}
June 30 – A high-powered conspiracy of notables (the Immortal Seven) invite Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange and Princess Mary to "defend the liberties of England", and depose King James VII and II.{{cite book |title=In Their Own Words 2: More letters from history |date=6 September 2018 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-84486-524-6 |pages=56–57 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YEptDwAAQBAJ&dq=immortal+seven+william+ii+%2230+june+1688%22&pg=PT57 |access-date=9 June 2023 |language=en}}

= July–September =

July 13 – The siege of Negroponte by the Venetians begins.{{cite book |last1=Andrews |first1=Kevin |title=Castles of the Morea |date=1 June 2006 |publisher=ISD LLC |isbn=978-1-62139-028-2 |page=183 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Aha1EAAAQBAJ&dq=Siege+of+Negroponte++13+july+1688&pg=PA183 |access-date=9 June 2023 |language=en}}
August 1 – Phetracha becomes king of Ayutthaya, after a coup d'état.{{cite book |last1=Touche |first1=de La |last2=Verquains |first2=Jean Vollant des |title=Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'revolution' in Siam |date=2002 |publisher=Orchid Press |isbn=978-974-524-005-6 |page=184 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQdvAAAAMAAJ&q=crowned |access-date=9 June 2023 |language=en}}
August 27 – The funding of the armed invasion of William III in England causes a financial crisis in the Dutch Republic.{{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=NCvyi5_m6ScC&dq=crash+amsterdam+august+1688&pg=PA353| title = The Anglo-Dutch Moment: Essays on the Glorious Revolution and Its World Impact by Jonathan Irvine Israel| isbn = 9780521544061| last1 = Israel| first1 = Jonathan Irvine| date = October 30, 2003| publisher = Cambridge University Press}}
September 6 – Great Turkish War: The Habsburg army captures Belgrade.{{cite book |last1=Amedoski |first1=Dragana |title=Belgrade 1521-1867 |date=26 December 2018 |publisher=Istorijski institut |isbn=978-86-7743-132-7 |pages=80–81 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JF6LDwAAQBAJ&q=%20%226%20september%201688%22 |access-date=9 June 2023 |language=en}}
September 24 – Louis XIV publishes his manifesto Memoire de raisons, which lists his grievances and demands. He cites three major things as grievances: Wilhelm Egon von Fürstenberg, who had been earlier elected to be the coadjutor-archbishop of Cologne with support of Louis being vetoed by the pope, the continued aggressions and forming of alliances against France and providing an alternative to Fürstenberg in the Cologne election by the Holy Roman Empire, and Philip William becoming Elector Palatine and seizing the territory, which he believed belonged to Elizabeth Charlotte.{{cite book |last1=XIV |first1=Louis |title=The French King's memorial to the Emperor of Germany |url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A49229.0001.001/1:2.2?rgn=div2;view=fulltext |access-date=10 June 2023 |date=1688}}
September 27 – The Nine Years' War begins in Europe and America after Louis XIV attacks Philippsburg in the Holy Roman Empire.{{cite book |last1=Mijers |first1=Esther |last2=Onnekink |first2=David |title=Redefining William III : the impact of the king-stadholder in international context |date=2007 |publisher=Ashgate |location=Aldershot |isbn=978-0-7546-5028-7 |page=55 |url=https://archive.org/details/redefiningwillia0000unse/page/54/mode/2up?q=%2227+september%22 |access-date=10 June 2023}}

= October–December =

October 21 – The Venetians raise the siege of Negroponte.{{rp|358}}
October 26 – King James II of England dismisses his minister Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland.{{cite book |last1=Kenyon |first1=John Philipps |title=Robert Spencer, Earl of Sunderland, 1641-1702 |date=1975 |publisher=Greenwood Press |location=Westport |isbn=978-0-8371-8150-9 |page=226 |url=https://archive.org/details/robertspencerear0000keny/page/226/mode/2up |access-date=9 June 2023}}
November 11 (November 1 OS) – Glorious Revolution: William III of Orange sets sail a second time from Hellevoetsluis, the Netherlands, to take over England, Scotland and Ireland from King James II of England.{{cite book |last1=Jardine |first1=Lisa |title=Temptation in the Archives |date=2015 |publisher=UCL Press |location=London |isbn=9781910634097 |page=18 |url=https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/33203/548010.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=9 June 2023}}{{cite book |last1=Ormrod |first1=David |last2=Rommelse |first2=Gijs |title=War, Trade and the State: Anglo-Dutch Conflict, 1652-89 |date=2020 |publisher=Boydell & Brewer |isbn=978-1-78327-324-9 |page=115 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aAo7EAAAQBAJ&dq=Hellevoetsluis+%2211+november+1688%22&pg=PA115 |access-date=9 June 2023 |language=en}}
November 15 (November 5 OS) – The Glorious Revolution begins: William of Orange lands at Torbay, England with a multinational force of 20,000 soldiers.{{cite book |last1=Hoppit |first1=Julian |authorlink=Julian Hoppit|title=A Land of Liberty?: England 1689-1727 |date=22 June 2000 |publisher=OUP Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-158652-1 |page=15 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OKWpDgAAQBAJ&dq=william+20,000+%225+november+1688%22&pg=PA15 |access-date=9 June 2023 |language=en}} He makes no claim to the British Crown, saying only that he has come to save Protestantism and to maintain English liberty, and begins a march on London.
November 19 (November 9 OS) – William of Orange captures Exeter, after the magistrates flee the city.{{cite book |last1=Longmate |first1=Norman |title=Island fortress : the defence of Great Britain 1603-1945 |date=2001 |publisher=Pimlico |location=London |isbn=978-0-7126-6813-2 |page=108 |url=https://archive.org/details/islandfortressde0000long/page/108/mode/2up?q=exeter |access-date=9 June 2023}}
November 20 (November 10 OS) – The Wincanton Skirmish between forces loyal to James II led by Patrick Sarsfield and a party of Dutch troops is one of the few armed clashes in England during the Glorious Revolution.{{cite book |last1=Wauchope |first1=Piers |title=Patrick Sarsfield and the Williamite War |date=1992 |publisher=Irish Academic Press |location=Dublin |isbn=978-0-7165-2476-2 |pages=36–39 |url=https://archive.org/details/patricksarsfield0000wauc/page/36/mode/2up |access-date=9 June 2023}}
November 23 – A group of 1,500 Old Believers immolate themselves to avoid capture, when troops of the tsar lay siege to their monastery on Lake Onega.
November 26 – Hearing that William of Orange has landed in England, Louis XIV declares war on the Netherlands.{{cite book |last1=Modelski |first1=George |title=Documenting Global Leadership |date=18 June 1988 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-349-10227-3 |page=189 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yGuuCwAAQBAJ&dq=%2226+november+1688%22+louis+xiv+holy+roman+empire&pg=PA189 |access-date=10 June 2023 |language=en}}
December 7 – File:Derry Guildhall Tercentenary Window of The Honourable The Irish Society Detail The shutting of the gates 7 December 1688 A.D. 2019 08 29.jpg: The shutting of the gates in Derry in a stained glass window of the Guildhall{{cite journal |first=Billy |last=Kelly |title=THE GUILDHALL: Derry's Museum in Glass |journal=History Ireland |volume=17 |issue=6 |date=2009 |pages=66–69 |jstor=40588462}}]] The gates of Derry are shut in front of the Jacobite Earl of Antrim and his "redshanks".{{cite book |last1=Reid |first1=James Seaton |last2=Killen |first2=William Dool |last3=Alexander |first3=Samuel Davies |title=History of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland |date=1860 |publisher=Robert Charter & Brothers |location=New York |page=232 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofpresbyt00reid/page/232/mode/2up?q=%227th+of+december%22 |access-date=10 June 2023}} This initiates the siege of Derry, which is the first major event in the Williamite War in Ireland.
December 9 – The Battle of Reading takes place in Reading, Berkshire. It is the only substantial military action in England during the Glorious Revolution and ends in a decisive victory for forces loyal to William of Orange.
December 11 – Having led his army to Salisbury and been deserted by his troops, James VII and II attempts to flee to France.
December 18 – William of Orange, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic and the future King William III of the United Kingdom, enters London.{{cite book |last1=Israel |first1=Jonathan Irvine |title=The Anglo-Dutch Moment: Essays on the Glorious Revolution and Its World Impact |date=30 October 2003 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-54406-1 |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NCvyi5_m6ScC&dq=william+of+orange+london+%2218+december+1688%22&pg=PA1 |access-date=10 June 2023 |language=en}}

= Date unknown =

The Austrians incite the Chiprovtsi Uprising against the Ottomans in Bulgaria after the siege of Belgrade.{{cite web |last1=Cholov |first1=Petar |title=Chiprovskoto vystanie 1688 g. - 9 |url=http://macedonia.kroraina.com/chipr/chipr_9.html |website=macedonia.kroraina.com |access-date=10 June 2023|language=bg}}
Neuruppin becomes a Prussian garrison town.
The earliest known mention of the balalaika is made.{{cite book |last1=Ekkel |first1=Bibs |title=Complete Balalaika Book |date=18 August 2011 |publisher=Mel Bay Publications |isbn=978-1-61065-566-8 |page=89 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Al2JNQLvpc4C&dq=Balalaika+%221688%22&pg=PA89 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
Oroonoko, one of the first English novels and the first by a professional female author (Aphra Behn) is published.

Births

File:Emanuel Swedenborg.PNG]]

January 15 – Maria van Lommen, Dutch gold- and silversmith (d. 1742){{cite web |title=Lommen, Maria van |url=https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Lomme |website=resources.huygens.knaw.nl |access-date=11 June 2023}}
January 18 – Lionel Cranfield Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1765){{cite book |last1=Burke |first1=Bernard |title=A Genealogical History of the Dormant: Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire |date=1866 |publisher=Harrison |location=London |page=464 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K3MaAAAAYAAJ&dq=Lionel+Sackville+%2218+january+1688%22&pg=PA464 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
January 23 – Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden (d. 1741){{cite web |title=Ulrika Eleonora {{!}} queen of Sweden |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ulrika-Eleonora |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=17 April 2019 |language=en}}
January 29 – Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish scientist, philosopher and theologian (d. 1772){{cite book |last1=Stroh |first1=Alfred H. |title=Grunddragen af Swedenborgs lif |date=1908 |publisher=Nykyrkliga bokförlaget |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rOEvAQAAMAAJ&dq=Emanuel+Swedenborg+%2229+januari+1688%22&pg=PA1 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=sv}}
February 4 – Pierre de Marivaux, French playwright (d. 1763){{cite book |last1=Levi |first1=Anthony |title=Guide to French literature |date=1992 |publisher=St. James Press |location=Chicago |isbn=978-1-55862-159-6 |page=494 |url=https://archive.org/details/guidetofrenchlit0000levi/page/494/mode/2up?q=%224+february%22 |access-date=11 June 2023}}
March – William Burnet, British colonial administrator (d. 1729){{cite book |last1=Capen |first1=Nahum |title=The Massachusetts State Record and Year Book of General Information |date=1849 |publisher=J. French |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ur8TAAAAYAAJ&dq=William+Burnet+%22march+1688%22&pg=PA42 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
March 14 – Anna Maria Garthwaite, British designer (d. 1763){{cite book |last1=Campbell |first1=Gordon |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts |date=9 November 2006 |volume=1|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-518948-3 |page=409 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i3Od9bcGus0C&dq=Anna+Maria+Garthwaite+%2214+march+1688%22&pg=PA409 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
April 4 – Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, French astronomer (d. 1768){{cite book |last1=Edney |first1=Matthew H. |last2=Pedley |first2=Mary Sponberg |title=The History of Cartography |date=15 May 2020 |volume=4|publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-33922-1 |page=342 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m9fkDwAAQBAJ&dq=Joseph-Nicolas+Delisle+%224+april+1688%22&pg=PA342 |language=en}}
April 15 – Johann Friedrich Fasch, German composer (d. 1758){{cite book |last1=Unger |first1=Melvin P. |title=Historical Dictionary of Choral Music |date=17 June 2010 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-7392-6 |page=123 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SvD9Ou7wdccC&dq=Johann+Friedrich+Fasch+%2215+april+1688%22&pg=PA123 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
May 21 – Alexander Pope, English poet (d. 1744){{cite ODNB |title=Pope, Alexander |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-22526 |year=2004 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/22526}}
June 10 – James Francis Edward Stuart, The Old Pretender, claimant to the English and Scottish throne (d. 1766){{cite book |last1=Miller |first1=Olive Peggy |title=James |date=1971 |publisher=Allen and Unwin |location=London |isbn=978-0-04-923056-9 |page=23 |url=https://archive.org/details/james00mill/page/22/mode/2up |access-date=11 June 2023}}
July 19 – Giuseppe Castiglione, Italian missionary to China (d. 1766){{cite book |last1=Beurdeley |first1=Cécile |last2=Beurdeley |first2=Michel |title=Giuseppe Castiglione: A Jesuit Painter at the Court of the Chinese Emperors |date=1972 |publisher=Lund Humphries |isbn=978-0-8048-0987-0 |page=11 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yD04AQAAIAAJ&q=Giuseppe+Castiglione+19+july+1688 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
June 30 – Abu l-Hasan Ali I, ruler of Tunisia (d. 1756)
August 14 – King Frederick William I of Prussia (d. 1740)
September 12 – Ferdinand Brokoff, Czech sculptor (d. 1731){{cite book |last1=Umění |first1=Kruh pro Pěstování Dějin |title=Rocěnka |date=1922 |page=46 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JBBGAQAAMAAJ&dq=Ferdinand+Maxmili%C3%A1n+Brokoff+%2212.+z%C3%A1%C5%99%C3%AD+1688%22&pg=PA46 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=cs}}
October 17 – Domenico Zipoli, Italian-born composer (d. 1726){{cite book |last1=Chapple |first1=Christopher |title=The Jesuit Tradition in Education and Missions: A 450-year Perspective |date=1993 |publisher=University of Scranton Press |isbn=978-0-940866-17-1 |page=220 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fSHaAAAAMAAJ&q=%2217%20october%201688%22 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
October 22 – Nader Shah of Persia (d. 1747){{cite book |last1=Lockhart |first1=L. |title=Nadir Shah |date=1938 |publisher=Al-Irfan |location=London |page=18 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.236028/page/n29/mode/2up?q=1688 |access-date=11 June 2023}}
November 15 (bapt.) – Charles Rivington, English publisher (d. 1742){{cite ODNB |title=Rivington family |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-70881 |year=2004 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/70881}}

Deaths

File:Le Pere Ferdinand Verbiest.gif]]

File:James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde by William Wissing.jpg]]

January 7 – James Howard, 3rd Earl of Suffolk{{cite book |last1=Cokayne |first1=George Edward |title=The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom: Extant, Extinct, Or Dormant |date=1926 |publisher=St. Catherine Press |page=590 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TUxmAAAAMAAJ&dq=James+Howard,+3rd+Earl+of+Suffolk+7+january+1688&pg=PA590 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
January 27 – Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang, concubine of Qing Dynasty ruler Hong Taiji (b. 1613){{cite book |last1=Sr |first1=Arthur W. Hummel |title=Eminent Chinese of the Qing Period: 1644-1911/2 |date=1 January 2018 |publisher=Berkshire Publishing Group |isbn=978-1-61472-849-8 |page=705 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Ge9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA705 |language=en}}
January 28 – Ferdinand Verbiest, Flemish Jesuit missionary in China (b. 1623){{cite book |last1=Herbermann |first1=Charles |title=The Catholic Encyclopedia |date=1912 |volume=15|location=New York|publisher=Robert Appleton Company |page=346 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PqkKeeFYUVgC&dq=Ferdinand+Verbiest+%2228+january+1688%22&pg=PA346 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
February 2 – Abraham Duquesne, French naval officer (b. 1610){{cite book |last1=Vergé-Franceschi |first1=Michel |title=Abraham Duquesne: huguenot et marin du Roi-Soleil |date=1992 |publisher=France-Empire |isbn=978-2-7048-0705-5 |page=323 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sZcZAAAAIAAJ&q=%222%20f%C3%A9vrier%201688%22 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=fr}}
February 13 – David Christiani, German mathematician and philosopher (b. 1610){{cite book |last1=Biographie |first1=Deutsche |title=Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie |date=1876 |publisher=Historical Commission of the Bavarian Academy of Science |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz8299.html#adbcontent |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=de}}
February 17 – James Renwick, Scottish minister and Covenanter martyr (b. 1662){{cite book |last1=Tarantino |first1=Giovanni |last2=Zika |first2=Charles |title=Feeling Exclusion: Religious Conflict, Exile and Emotions in Early Modern Europe |date=2019 |publisher=Routledge |page=175 |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/pdfviewer/ |access-date=11 June 2023}}
February 28 – Johann Sigismund Elsholtz, German naturalist and physician (b. 1623){{cite book |last1=Ferguson |first1=John |title=Bibliotheca chemica |date=1906 |publisher=Holland Press |location=London |page=238 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_Jhw86w4BXYC&dq=Johann+Sigismund+Elsholtz+%2228+february+1688%22&pg=PA238 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
March 1 – Sir Thomas Slingsby, 2nd Baronet of England (b. 1636){{cite web |title=SLINGSBY, Sir Thomas, 2nd Bt |url=http://historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/slingsby-sir-thomas-1636-88 |website=historyofparliamentonline.org |access-date=11 June 2023}}
March 3 – Marie de Lorraine, Duchess of Guise (b. 1615){{cite book |last1=Poupardière |first1=Charles Louis de Foucault de la |title=Histoire de Léopold 1er. Duc de Lorraine et de Bar|date=1791 |publisher=Emm. Flonn |location=Bruxelles |page=422 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1nJgAAAAcAAJ&dq=Marie+de+Lorraine+%223+mars+1688%22&pg=PA422 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=fr}}
March 8 – Honoré Fabri, French mathematician (b. 1608){{cite book |last1=Elazar |first1=Michael |title=Honoré Fabri and the Concept of Impetus: A Bridge between Conceptual Frameworks |date=20 May 2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-94-007-1605-6 |page=7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oflPGMWcdd8C&dq=Honor%C3%A9+Fabri+%228+march+1688%22&pg=PR7 |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en}}
March 20 – Maria of Orange-Nassau, Dutch princess (b. 1642){{cite web |title=Maria prinses van Oranje (1642-1688) |url=https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/MariavanOranje |website=resources.huygens.knaw.nl |access-date=11 June 2023}}
March 23 – Marcantonio Giustinian, 107th Doge of Venice (b. 1619){{cite web |title=GIUSTINIAN, Marcantonio |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/marcantonio-giustinian_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ |website=www.treccani.it |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=it-IT}}
March 26 – Winston Churchill, English noble, soldier (b. 1620){{cite book |last1=Stephen |first1=Leslie |title=Dictionary of National Biography |date=1887 |publisher=Macmillan |page=342 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wy0JAAAAIAAJ&dq=Winston+Churchill+%2226+march+1688%22&pg=PA342 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en}}
March 27 – Frederick, Burgrave of Dohna, Dutch officer, and governor of Orange (b. 1621){{cite book |last1=Dohna |first1=Friedrich von Burggraf |title=Les mémoires du Burgrave et Comte Frédéric de Dohna |date=1898 |publisher=B. Teichert |page=35 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2KJPAAAAYAAJ&dq=Friedrich+von+Dohna+%2227+marz+1688&pg=PR35 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=fr}}
April 28 – Frederick, Duke of Mecklenburg-Grabow, German nobleman, titular Duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1638){{cite book |last1=Mülverstedt |first1=George Adalbert von |title=Die brandenburgische Kriegsmacht unter dem Großen Kurfürsten: quellenmäßige Darstellung aller einzelnen, in der Zeit von 1640 bis 1688 bestehenden kurbrandenburgischen Regimenter |date=1888 |publisher=Baensch |page=336 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q92HoC84gcMC&dq=Friedrich+zu+Mecklenburg+%2228+april+1688%22&pg=PA336 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=de}}
April 29 – Friedrich Wilhelm, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1620)
May 14 – Antoine Furetière, French writer (b. 1619){{cite book |last1=Bever |first1=Adolphe van |title=Les poètes du terroir du XVe siècle au XXe siècle |date=1918 |publisher=Delagrave |page=419 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dlYNAQAAMAAJ&dq=Antoine+Fureti%C3%A8re+%2214+mars+1688%22&pg=PA419 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=fr}}
May 22 – Johannes Andreas Quenstedt, German theologian (b. 1617){{cite book |last1=Meyer |first1=Hermann Julius |title=Meyers Grosses Konversations-Lexikon |date=1907 |publisher=Bibliographisches Institut |page=416 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xEAWAAAAYAAJ&dq=Johann+Andreas+Quenstedt+%2222+mai.+1688%22&pg=PA516 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=de}}
June 1 – Peder Hansen Resen, Danish historian (b. 1625){{cite book |last1=Bricka |first1=Carl Frederik |title=Dansk biografisk Lexikon |date=1905 |volume=14|publisher=F. Hegel & Søn |location=Copenhagen |page=13|url=https://runeberg.org/dbl/14/0015.html |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=da}}
June 3 – Maximilian Henry of Bavaria, Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1621){{cite book |last1=Bumüller |first1=Johannes |title=Lehrbuch der Weltgeschichte |date=1897 |publisher=Herdersche Verlagshandlung |page=202 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dr0tAAAAYAAJ&dq=Maximilian+Heinrich+von+Bayern+%223+juni+1688%22&pg=PA202 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=de}}
June 5 – Constantine Phaulkon, Greek adventurer (b. 1647)
June 26
John Claypole, English politician (b. 1625){{cite ODNB |title=Claypole [Cleypole, Claypoole], John |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-5567 |year=2004 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/5567}}
Ralph Cudworth, English philosopher (b. 1617){{cite book |last1=Sgarbi |first1=Marco |title=Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy |date=27 October 2022 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-3-319-14169-5 |page=923 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=81yYEAAAQBAJ&dq=Ralph+Cudworth+%2226+june+1688%22&pg=PA923 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en}}
June 28 – Richard Winwood, English politician (b. 1609){{cite web |title=WINWOOD, Richard (1609-88) |url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/winwood-richard-1609-88 |website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org |access-date=12 June 2023}}
June 29 – Ippolito Lante Montefeltro della Rovere, Italian nobleman and Duke of Bomarzo (b. 1618){{cite book |last1=Lorin |first1=Giuseppe |title=Transtiberim: Trastevere, il mondo dell'oltretomba |date=7 February 2020 |publisher=Bibliotheka Edizioni |isbn=978-88-6934-295-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bspKDwAAQBAJ&dq=Ippolito+Lante+Montefeltro+della+Rovere+%2229+giugno+1688%22&pg=PT346 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=it}}
July 11 – King Narai of Thailand (b. 1639){{rp|453}}
July 21 – James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, Irish statesman (b. 1610){{cite book |last1=Burke |first1=John |last2=Burke |first2=J. Bernard |title=Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire |date=1848 |publisher=Burke's Peerage Limited. |page=765 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=99lDAQAAMAAJ&dq=James+Butler,+%2221+july+1688%22&pg=PA765 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en}}
August 25 – Henry Morgan, Welsh privateer and Governor of Jamaica (b. c. 1635){{cite ODNB |title=Morgan, Sir Henry |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-19224 |year=2004 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/19224}}
August 31 – John Bunyan, English writer (b. 1628){{cite book |last1=Brittain |first1=Vera |title=In the steps of John Bunyan : an excursion into Puritan England |date=1987 |publisher=Bedfordshire Leisure Services |location=Bedford |isbn=978-1-85351-022-9 |page=390 |url=https://archive.org/details/instepsofjohnbun0000brit/page/390/mode/2up?q=%2231+august%22 |access-date=12 June 2023}}
September 2 – Robert Viner, Lord Mayor of London (b. 1631){{cite ODNB |title=Vyner [Viner], Sir Robert |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-28318 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/28318}}
September 9 – Claude Mellan, French painter and engraver (b. 1598){{cite book |last1=De Montaiglon |first1=M. Anatole |last2=Mariette |first2=Pierre Jean |title=Claude Mellan |date=1856 |publisher=P. Briez |page=67 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KlsCAAAAYAAJ&q=%229%20septembre%201688%22 |access-date=12 June 2023}}
September 13 – Sir John Bright, 1st Baronet, English politician (b. 1619){{cite ODNB |title=Bright, Sir John, baronet |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-3419|year=2004 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/3419}}
September 20 – Queen Jangnyeol, Korean royal consort (b. 1624)
November 26 – Jacques Goulet, early pioneer in New France (now Québec) (b. 1615){{cite book |title=Mémoires de la Société généalogique canadienne-française |date=1964 |publisher=Société Généalogique Canadienne-Française |page=227 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OclhAAAAMAAJ&q=%2226%20Novembre%201688%22 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=fr}}
October 4
Philips Koninck, Dutch painter (b. 1619){{cite web |title=Philips Koninck |url=https://rkd.nl/en/artists/45590|publisher=Netherlands Institute for Art History, RKD}}{{cite book |last1=Gerson |first1=Horst |last2=Koninck |first2=Philips |title=Philips Koninck: ein Beitrag zur Erforschung der holländischen Malerei des XVII. Jahrhunderts : mit vollständigem Oeuvrekatalog |date=1980 |publisher=Gebr. Mann |isbn=978-3-7861-1284-6 |page=14 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JjNHAQAAIAAJ&q=6%20oktober%201688 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=de}}
Roger Pepys, English lawyer and politician (b. 1617){{cite web |title=PEPYS, Roger |url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/pepys-roger-1617-88 |website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org |access-date=12 June 2023}}
October 6 – Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, English statesman (b. 1653){{cite book |last1=Ashley |first1=Maurice |title=General Monck |date=1977 |publisher=Rowman and Littlefield |isbn=978-0-87471-934-5 |page=247 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aRygAAAAMAAJ&q=%226%20october%201688%22 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en}}
October 9 – Claude Perrault, French architect (b. 1613){{cite book |last1=Picon |first1=Antoine |title=Claude Perrault, 1613-1688, ou, La curiosité d'un classique |date=1988 |publisher=Picard |isbn=978-2-85822-081-6 |page=7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kfFPAAAAMAAJ&q=%20%229%20octobre%201688%22 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=fr}}
October 14 – Joachim von Sandrart, German Baroque art-historian and painter (b. 1606){{cite book |last1=Bühler |first1=Johannes |title=Deutsche Geschichte: Ergänzter Neudruck |date=1950 |publisher=W. de Gruyter |page=324 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KzXRAAAAMAAJ&q=%2214%20oktober%201688%22 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=de}}
October 23 – Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange, French philologist (b. 1610){{cite book |title=Bulletin de la Société de l'histoire de Paris et de l'Ile-de-France |date=1922 |publisher=Librairie d'Argences |page=70 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JRAMAAAAIAAJ&dq=Charles+du+Fresne,+sieur+du+Cange+22+octobre+1688&pg=PA70 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=fr}}
November 26 – Philippe Quinault, French dramatist (b. 1635){{cite book |title=Mémoires de la Société de l'histoire de Paris et de l'Île-de-France |date=1924 |volume=47|publisher=H. Champion |page=111 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UypMAAAAMAAJ&dq=Philippe+Quinault+%2226+novembre+1688%22&pg=PA111 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=fr}}
November 29 – Bohuslav Balbín, Czech writer and Jesuit (b. 1621){{cite book |last1=Kalista |first1=Zdeněk |title=Bohuslav Balbín |date=1939 |publisher=Fr. Porov'y |page=3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LjgAAAAAMAAJ&q=Bohuslav+Balb%C3%ADn+%22+29.+listopadu+1688%22 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=cs}}
December 4 – Sir Edward Seymour, 3rd Baronet, Member of Parliament (b. 1610){{cite web |title=SEYMOUR, Sir Edward, 3rd Bt. |url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/seymour-sir-edward-1610-88 |website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org |access-date=12 June 2023}}
December 8 – Thomas Flatman, British artist (b. 1635){{cite book |last1=Aronson |first1=Julie |last2=Wieseman |first2=Marjorie E. |title=Perfect Likeness: European and American Portrait Miniatures from the Cincinnati Art Museum |date=2006 |publisher=Yale University Press |page=178 |isbn=9780300115802 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tm9AUEJCYQ0C&dq=Thomas+Flatman+%228+december+1688%22&pg=PA178 |access-date=12 June 2023}}
December 15 – Gaspar Fagel, Dutch statesman (b. 1634){{cite book |last1=Peele |first1=Ada |title=Een uitzonderlijke erfgenaam: De verdeling van de nalatenschap van Koning-Stadhouder Willem III |date=2013 |publisher=Uitgeverij Verloren |isbn=978-90-8704-393-3 |page=53 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VAgUAgAAQBAJ&q=Gaspar%20Fagel%20%2215%20december%201688%22 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=nl}}
December 15 – Louis Victor de Rochechouart de Mortemart, French military man, brother of Madame de Montespan (b. 1636){{cite book |last1=Trabouillet |first1=Louis |title=Etat de la France |date=1718 |location=Paris |page=258 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hVhbLkxlYyYC&dq=Louis+Victor+de+Rochechouart+de+Mortemart+%2215+septembre+1688%22&pg=PA258 |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=fr}}

References

Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar