February 13

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{{This date in recent years}}

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Events

=Pre-1600=

  • 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the Diploma Ottonianum, recognizing John as ruler of Rome.{{cite book|last=Kirsch|first=Johann Peter|chapter=John XIII|title=The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 8|editor-last1=Herbermann|editor-first1=Charles G.|editor-last2=Pace|editor-first2=Edward A|editor-last3=Pallen|editor-first3=Condé B.|editor-last4=Shahan|editor-first4=Thomas J.|editor-last5=Wynne|editor-first5=John J.|location=New York|publisher=Encyclopedia Press|date=1910|oclc=13551132|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4HkqAAAAMAAJ|page=427}}
  • 1258Siege of Baghdad: Hulegu Khan, a prince of the Mongol Empire, orders his army to sack and plunder the city of Baghdad, which they had just captured.{{cite book |last=Atwood |first=Christopher P. |date=2004 |title=Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire |publisher=Facts on File |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8160-4671-3 |url=https://www.academia.edu/8855875 |access-date=2 March 2022 |page=2}}
  • 1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th.{{cite journal|last=Lindley|first=Phillip|title=Octagon at Ely|journal=Journal of the British Archaeological Association|date=1986|volume=139|issue=1|page=75|doi=10.1179/jba.1986.139.1.75}}
  • 1352War of the Straits: The Battle of the Bosporus is fought in a stormy sea into the night between the Genoese, Venetian, Aragonese, and Byzantine fleets.{{cite book | last = Musarra | first = Antonio | title = Il Grifo e il Leone: Genova e Venezia in lotta per il Mediterraneo | year = 2020 | publisher = Editori Laterza | location = Bari and Rome | isbn = 978-88-581-4072-7 | language = Italian | pages=235–236 }}
  • 1462 – The Treaty of Westminster is finalised between Edward IV of England and the Scottish Lord of the Isles.{{cite book|last=Macdougall|first=Norman|title=James III: A Political Study|location=Edinburgh|publisher=J. Donald Publishers|date=1982|isbn=9780859760782|page=68, fn. 30}}
  • 1503Challenge of Barletta: Tournament between 13 Italian and 13 French knights near Barletta.{{cite book|last=d'Azeglio|first=Massimo|translator-last=Pansini|translator-first=Anthony J.|title=The Challenge of Barletta: Ettore Fieramosca, or, La Disfida di Barletta|location=Waco, Tex.|publisher=Greenvale Press|date=1996|oclc=43076306|page=xi|postscript=none}}; {{cite book|last=Alexander|first=Alfred|title=Giovanni Verga: A Great Writer and His World|location=London|publisher=Grant and Cutler|date=1972|isbn=9780900411359|page=99}}
  • 1542Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England, is executed for adultery.{{cite book|last=Russell|first=Gareth|title=Young and Damned and Fair: The Life of Catherine Howard, Fifth Wife of King Henry VIII|location=New York|publisher=Simon & Schuster|date=2017|isbn=9781501108631|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LCKLDgAAQBAJ|page=24}}

=1601–1900=

  • 1633Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.{{cite news|last=Carus|first=Paul|title=Galileo Galilei|work=The Open Court|date=January 1908|page=5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MrkNAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=February 13, 2021}}
  • 1642 – The Clergy Act becomes law, excluding bishops of the Church of England from serving in the House of Lords.{{cite book |last1=Manganiello |first1=Stephen |title=The Concise Encyclopedia of the Revolutions and Wars of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1639-1660 |date=2004 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0810851009 |page=60}}
  • 1660 – With the accession of young Charles XI of Sweden, his regents begin negotiations to end the Second Northern War.{{cite book|last=Bain|first=Robert Nisbet|title=Scandinavia: A Political History of Denmark, Norway and Sweden From 1513 to 1900|location=Cambridge, U.K.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1905|oclc=896673892|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=magCAAAAYAAJ|pages=254–255}}
  • 1689William and Mary are proclaimed co-rulers of England.{{cite book|last=Cross|first=Arthur Lynn|title=A History of England and Greater Britain|location=New York|publisher=Macmillan Co.|year=1914|oclc=53232555|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vQwyAQAAIAAJ|page=586}}
  • 1692Massacre of Glencoe: Almost 80 Macdonalds at Glen Coe, Scotland are killed early in the morning for not promptly pledging allegiance to the new king, William of Orange.{{cite book|author=Edmund Goldsmid|title=The Massacre of Glencoe: 13th of February 1692. Being a Reprint of a Contemporary Account of that Ruthless Butchery|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z8UxAQAAMAAJ|year=1885|publisher=E & G. Goldsmid}}
  • 1726Parliament of Negrete between Mapuche and Spanish authorities in Chile bring an end to the Mapuche uprising of 1723–26.{{Cite book |title=Historia militar de Chile |last1=Pinochet Ugarte |first1=Augusto |author-link1=Augusto Pinochet |publisher=Biblioteca Militar |year=1997 |last2=Villaroel Carmona |first2=Rafael |last3=Lepe Orellana |first3=Jaime |last4=Fuente-Alba Poblete |first4=J. Miguel |author-link4=Juan Miguel Fuente-Alba |last5=Fuenzalida Helms |first5=Eduardo |edition=3rd |language=es |page=88}}
  • 1755Treaty of Giyanti signed by VOC, Pakubuwono III and Prince Mangkubumi. The treaty divides the Javanese kingdom of Mataram into two: Sunanate of Surakarta and Sultanate of Yogyakarta.
  • 1849 – The delegation headed by Metropolitan bishop Andrei Șaguna hands out to the Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria the General Petition of Romanian leaders in Transylvania, Banat and Bukovina, which demands that the Romanian nation be recognized.
  • 1861Italian unification: The Siege of Gaeta ends with the capitulation of the defending fortress, effectively bringing an end of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
  • 1867 – Work begins on the covering of the Senne, burying Brussels's primary river and creating the modern central boulevards.
  • 1880Thomas Edison observes Thermionic emission.

=1901–present=

Births

=Pre-1600=

=1601–1900=

=1901–present=

Deaths

=Pre-1600=

  • 106Emperor He of Han (Han Hedi) of the Chinese Eastern Han dynasty (born AD 79){{cite book|author=Rafe de Crespigny|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23–220 AD)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=49OvCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA531|date=28 December 2006|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-474-1184-0|pages=531–}}
  • 721Chilperic II, Frankish king (born 672)
  • 858Kenneth MacAlpin, Scottish king (probable;{{cite book|author=William Forbes Skene|title=Celtic Scotland: A History of Ancient Alban|url=https://archive.org/details/celticscotlanda03skengoog|year=1876|publisher=Edmonston & Douglas|pages=[https://archive.org/details/celticscotlanda03skengoog/page/n336 308]–}} b. 810)
  • 921Vratislaus I, duke of Bohemia
  • 936Xiao Wen, empress of the Liao dynasty
  • 942Muhammad ibn Ra'iq, Abbasid emir and regent
  • 988Adalbert Atto, Lombard nobleman{{cite web |title=Bonorum Possessio |url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/SMIGRA*/Bonorum_Possessio.html |website=uchicago.edu |access-date=2 October 2018}}
  • 1021Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, Fatimid caliph (born 985)
  • 1130Honorius II, pope of the Catholic Church (born 1060){{cite book|author=John (of Worcester)|title=The Chronicle of John of Worcester|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FrX9ya3M5BcC&pg=PA189|year=1995|publisher=Clarendon Press|isbn=978-0-19-820702-3|pages=189–}}
  • 1141Béla II, king of Hungary and Croatia (born 1110)
  • 1199Stefan Nemanja, Serbian grand prince (born 1113)
  • 1219Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shōgun (born 1192)
  • 1332Andronikos II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (born 1259)
  • 1351Kō no Morofuyu, Japanese general
  • 1539Isabella d'Este, Italian noblewoman (born 1474)
  • 1542Catherine Howard, English wife of Henry VIII of England (executed;{{cite book|author1=Maria Hayward|author2=Society of Antiquaries of London|title=The 1542 Inventory of Whitehall: The Palace and Its Keeper|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B6UKAQAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Illuminata Publishers for The Society of Antiquaries of London|isbn=978-0-9547916-0-5}} b. 1521)
  • 1571Benvenuto Cellini, Italian painter and sculptor (born 1500)
  • 1585Alfonso Salmeron, Spanish priest and scholar (born 1515)

=1601–1900=

=1901–present=

Holidays and observances

==References==

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