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1623

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}

{{About year|1623}}

{{Year nav|1623}}

File:Schlacht bei Stadtlohn.jpg: The Battle of Stadtlohn takes place.]]

{{C17 year in topic}}

{{Year article header|1623}}

Events

= January–March =

= April–June =

  • April 11 – King Gwanghaegun of Joseon (in Korea) is deposed in the Injo coup and succeeded by King Injo.
  • April 29 – A fleet of 11 Dutch ships depart for the coast of Peru, seeking to seize Spanish treasure.
  • May 5 – Raja Gaj Singh of Marwar, along with Mahabat Khan and Parviz Mirza, is deputized by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir in India to hunt down Jahangir's rebel son, Shihab-ud-Din Muhammad Khurram. The search fails, and Khurram will become the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan after Jahangir's death in 1627.
  • May 8 – A Dutch East India Company party, led by explorer Jan Carstenszoon, fights a skirmish with 200 indigenous Australian Wik peoples.
  • May 22 – After negotiations for the release of English women taken from Jamestown in the British North American colony of Virginia, conducted between Captain William Tucker of the English settlers and Chief Opchanacanough of the Powhatan Confederacy (Tsenacommacah), the English arrange a banquet with the Powhatan, and the drinking of wine.{{Cite web |title=Timeline |url=https://historicjamestowne.org/history/timeline/ |website=Historic Jamestowne}} The wine is poisoned and many of the Powhatan Indians die, while 50 more are killed while ill. This follows the massacre of 347 English colonists of March 22, 1622, in the Powhatan uprising. Opchanacanough escapes, and the 20 women never return home.[https://www.historynet.com/powhatan-uprising-of-1622/?f "Powhatan Uprising of 1622"], historynet.com
  • June 14 – The first breach-of-promise lawsuit: Rev. Gerville Pooley, in Virginia, files against Cicely Jordan, but loses.{{cite web | url = http://www.onthisday.com/events/date/1623 | title = Historical Events for Year 1623 | work = OnThisDay.com | date = 2015 | access-date = 11 August 2015}}
  • June 29 – Première of Pedro Calderón de la Barca's first play, {{lang|es|Amor, honor y poder}} (Love, Honor and Power), at the Court of Habsburg Spain.

= July–September =

  • July 8 – Pope Gregory XV (Alessandro Ludovisi) dies from a kidney ailment after a reign of a little more than two years.
  • July 10 – The English ship Anne becomes the third vessel to bring settlers to Plymouth Colony,Charles Edward Banks, The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers (Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 169 the Puritan settlement in modern-day Massachusetts, carrying more settlers, after the Mayflower on November 21, 1620, and the Fortune on November 9, 1621.
  • July 15 – Trịnh Tùng is deposed as ruler of the kingdom of Đại Việt in northern Vietnam after more than 50 years. His son, Trịnh Xuan, burns the palace. Trinh Tung is carried away by his servants in a sedan chair and abandoned in the road to die. Another son, Trịnh Tráng, succeeds to the throne of Đại Việt.
  • July 16 – A great conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, with the planets only 5 arc minutes apart, the closest between 1226 and 2874. This conjunction likely goes unobserved, as it occurs near the Sun and the telescope has been invented only recently.
  • July 30 (probable date) – The second Thanksgiving is celebrated in Plymouth Colony.{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/fastthanksgiving00love_0/page/84|title=The fast and thanksgiving days of New England|first=William DeLoss|last=Love|publisher=Houghton, Mifflin & Co.|location=Cambridge, Mass.|year=1895|accessdate=2023-01-13}}
  • August 5 – The English ship Little James arrives at Plymouth Colony, 26 days after the Anne."Troubles with Little James: Edward Winslow’s depositions at High Court of Admiralty", by Caleb Johnson, in The Mayflower Quarterly (March 2011) p. 51
  • August 6
  • 1623 papal conclave: Pope Urban VIII (Maffeo Barberini) succeeds Pope Gregory XV, as the 235th pope.
  • Thirty Years' War: Pursued by the army of the Catholic League (Germany) led by Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, the army of the Protestant Electoral Palatinate led by Christian the Younger of Brunswick attempts to flee to the Dutch Republic. Tilly's army catches Brunswick five miles from the border. In the resulting Battle of Stadtlohn, Christian's army is destroyed. This brings the Palatinate campaign to an end.
  • August 30 – Negotiations, resumed in March, of the planned "Spanish match" break down.{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8}} On October 5, Prince Charles returns to England from Spain without a bride.
  • September 10 – Murat IV, age 11, succeeds his deposed uncle Mustafa I as Ottoman Emperor.{{cite book|author1=Irene A. Bierman|author2=Rifaʻat Ali Abou-El-Haj|author3=Donald Preziosi|title=The Ottoman City and Its Parts: Urban Structure and Social Order|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZN_VAAAAMAAJ|year=1991|publisher=A.D. Caratzas|isbn=978-0-89241-473-4|page=241|language=en}} Because Murat is a minor, his mother, Kösem Sultan, serves as regent until 1632.

= October–December =

  • October 9 – Kara Mustafa Pasha is replaced as the Ottoman Governor of Egypt on orders of Sultan Murad IV.
  • October 20 – Cardinal Antonio Marcello Barberini informs Galileo Galilei that his brother, the newly-enthroned Pope Urban VIII, wishes to receive a visit from Galileo.
  • October 26 – "Fatal Vespers": 95 people are killed when an upper floor of the French ambassador's house in London collapses under the weight of a congregation attending a mass.{{cite journal|author-link=Alexandra Walsham|first=Alexandra|last=Walsham|title=Fatal Vespers|journal=Past & Present|issue=144|year=1994|pages=36–87|doi=10.1093/past/144.1.36}}
  • November 1
  • The Battle of Anjar is fought in modern-day Lebanon as the Druze emir Fakhr al-Din II defeats an invasion by Mustafa Pasha al-Hannaq, the Ottoman Governor of Damascus, and takes him prisoner.
  • Fire at Plymouth Colony destroys several buildings.
  • November 8–December 5 – Publication between these dates in London of the "First Folio" (Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies), a collection of 36 of the plays of Shakespeare, half of which have not previously been printed.The earlier date is that on which "Copies as are not formerly entred [sic.] to other men" are entered in the Stationers' Register; the later is the first recorded purchase – of two copies at £1 each by antiquarian Sir Edward Dering. Sotheby's. The Shakespeare First Folio, 1623: The Dr. Williams's Library Copy, 13 July 2006; "Three Issues" p. 26; auction catalogue research by Peter Selley and Dr. Peter Beal.
  • December 4 – 50 Christians are executed in Edo, Japan, during the Great Martyrdom of Edo.{{Cite journal |last=Cieslik |first=Hubert |date=1954 |title=The Great Martyrdom in Edo 1623. Its Causes, Course, Consequences |journal=Monumenta Nipponica |volume=10 |issue=1/2 |pages=1–44 |doi=10.2307/2382790 |issn=0027-0741 |jstor=2382790}}

= Date unknown =

Births

File:Wilhelmus_Beekman_c1645.jpg]]

File:Sir William Petty.jpg]]

File:Cornelis de Witt, door Jan de Baen.jpg]]

File:Georg Balthasar Metzger.jpg]]

= January–March =

= April–June =

= July–September =

= October–December =

= Date unknown =

Deaths

File:Birth of jahangir.jpg]]

File:(Albi) Cathédrale Sainte-Cécile - Trèsor - Portrait du pape Grégoire XV - PalissyIM81001477.jpg died 8 July]]

File:AnneHathaway CUL Page4DetailB.jpg]]

File:Jan de middelste van Nassau-Siegen.jpg]]

File:William Camden by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger.jpg]]

File:ErdmutBrandenburgPommern.PNG]]

= January–March =

= April–June =

= July–September =

= October–December =

= Date unknown =

References

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