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summit (meeting)

{{Short description|Meeting of heads of state or government}}

A summit meeting (or just summit) is an international meeting of heads of state or government, usually with considerable media exposure, tight security, and a prearranged agenda. Notable summit meetings include those of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin during World War II. However, the term summit was not commonly used for such meetings until the Geneva Summit (1955).{{Cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-jy7yYiZ8wgC&pg=PA805|title = Major International Treaties of the Twentieth Century: A History and Guide with Texts|isbn = 9780415141253|last1 = Grenville|first1 = John Ashley Soames|year = 2001| publisher=Routledge |access-date = 2015-11-15|archive-date = 2023-10-17|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231017050451/https://books.google.com/books?id=-jy7yYiZ8wgC&pg=PA805|url-status = live}} During the Cold War, when American presidents joined with Soviet or Chinese counterparts for one-on-one meetings, the media labelled the event as a "summit". The post–Cold War era has produced an increase in the number of "summit" events. Nowadays, international summits are the most common expression for global governance.{{Cite web|url = http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2008/12/g20-summit-bradford-linn|title = Global Governance Breakthrough: The G20 Summit and the Future Agenda|date = 2001-11-30|access-date = 2013-07-27|archive-date = 2016-03-04|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304061747/http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2008/12/g20-summit-bradford-linn|url-status = live}}

Notable summits

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=[[List of Allied World War II conferences|Allied World War II conferences]]=

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=[[List of Soviet Union–United States summits|Soviet Union–United States summits]]=

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=[[List of Russia–United States summits|Russia–United States summits]]=

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=[[Arab League|Arab League summits]]=

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=[[Earth Summit]]s=

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=G–summits=

;Group of Six (G6), heads of government

;Group of Seven (G7), heads of government

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;Group of Eight (G8), heads of government

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;Group of Seven (G7), heads of government

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;Group of Twenty, heads of government

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=[[European summit]]s=

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  • 1969 – The Hague: Foreign policy and enlargement.
  • 1974 – Paris: Creation of the Council.
  • 1985 – Milan: Initiate IGC leading to the Single European Act.
  • 1991 – Maastricht: Agreement on the Maastricht Treaty.
  • 1997 – Amsterdam: Agreement on the Amsterdam Treaty.
  • 1998 – Brussels: Selected member states to adopt the euro.

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=[[European Political Community|European Political Community summits]]=

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=[[Inter-Korean summit]]s=

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=[[Millennium Development Goals]]=

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=[[South American Summit]]s=

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  • 2000 – 2000 South American Summit, Brasília
  • 2002 – South American Summit, Guayaquil

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=[[Summits of the Americas]]=

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=[[List of international conferences on Afghanistan|UN international conferences on Afghanistan]]=

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=Miscellaneous=

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See also

References

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Category:Diplomacy

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