:2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes

File:Anatolian Plate Vectoral.svg, showing the location of the East Anatolian Fault]]

Central southern Turkey and northwestern Syria are affected by the interaction between three tectonic plates: the African plate, Arabian plate, and Anatolian sub-plate. The boundary between the African and Arabian plates is represented by the Dead Sea Transform (DST)—a major zone of left-lateral strike-slip fault—it accommodates the relative northward movement of Arabia with respect to Africa. The northern end of the DST truncates at the East Anatolian Fault (EAF), another major left-lateral strike-slip fault zone that accommodates the overall westward movement of the Anatolian plate as it is extruded in that direction by the northward movement of the Arabian plate. The DST and EAF meet at the Marash triple junction. The EAF continues west of the triple junction, forming the boundary between the African and Anatolian plates, linking into the Cyprus arc to the west via the Latakia Ridge.

The {{cvt|700|km|mi|adj=mid|-long}} EAF is subdivided into seven segments, from the northeast; the Karlıova, Ilıca, Palu, Pütürge, Erkenek, Pazarcık and Amanos segments.{{Cite book|last1=Duman|first1=T.Y.|title=Geological Development of Anatolia and the Easternmost Mediterranean Region|last2=Emre|first2=Ö|publisher=Geological Society|year=2013|isbn=9781862393530|editor-last=Robertson|editor-first=A.H.F.|series=Special Publications|publication-place=London|chapter=The East Anatolian Fault: geometry, segmentation and jog characteristics|doi=10.1144/SP372.14|bibcode=2013GSLSP.372..495D|s2cid=129225180|editor-last2=Parlak|editor-first2=O|editor-last3=Ünlügenç|editor-first3=U.C.}} The Amanos segment is also considered part of the DST by some geologists,{{Cite journal|last1=Tarı|first1=U.|last2=Tüysüz|first2=O.|last3=Genç|first3=Ş.C.|last4=Imren|first4=C.|last5=Blackwell|first5=B.A.B.|last6=Lom|first6=N.|last7=Tekeşin|first7=Ö|last8=Üsküplü|first8=S.|last9=Altıok|first9=S. |last10=Beyhan |first10=M.|year=2014|title=The geology and morphology of the Antakya Graben between the Amik Triple Junction and the Cyprus Arc|journal=Geodinimica Acta|volume=26|issue=1–2|pages=27–55|doi=10.1080/09853111.2013.858962|s2cid=128404168}} or a transitional structure between the EAF and DST by others.{{Cite journal|last1=Elhadidy|first1=M.|last2=Abdalzaher|first2=M.S.|last3=Gaber|first3=H.|year=2021|title=Up-to-date PSHA along the Gulf of Aqaba-Dead Sea transform fault|journal=Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering|volume=148|page=106835|doi=10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.106835|bibcode=2021SDEE..14806835E}} A northern strand to the EAF has also been recognized, including the Sürgü, Çardak, Savrun, Çokak, Toprakkale, Yumurtalık, Karataş, Yakapınar and Düziçi–İskenderun segments. The estimated slip rate on the main strand of the EAF system decreases south-westwards from {{cvt|10|mm}} per year on the Karlıova segment down to {{cvt|2.9|mm}} per year on the Amanos segment. On the northern strand, a slip rate of {{cvt|2.5|mm}} per year was estimated on the Çardak segment. The Sürgü-Çardak Fault is an east–west striking {{cvt|160|km}} long fault that runs north of the EAF. It branches away from the EAF west of Çelikhan and extends westwards to Göksun.Erdik, M., Tümsa, M. B. D., Pınar, A., Altunel, E., and Zülfikar, A. C. 2023, A preliminary report on 6 February 2023, Earthquake in Türkiye, {{doi|10.32858/temblor.297}} Comprising two segments; the Sürgü Fault runs {{cvt|70|km}} between Çelikhan and Nurhak; the Çardak Fault runs {{cvt|90|km}} between Nurhak and Göksun.{{cite SSRN|last1=Över|first1=Semir|last2=Demirci|first2=Alper|last3=Özden|first3=Süha|title=Tectonic Implications of the February 2023 Earthquakes (Mw: 7.7, 7.6 and 6.3) in South-Eastern Türkiye|date=6 April 2023|ssrn=4411931}} Seismicity on the fault is low—the only associated earthquake was a M 6.8 event in 1544.

The northern part of the DST is subdivided into several segments, although there is some disagreement between scientists as to which faults should be assigned to the DST and which to the EAF, at the northernmost end of the structure. Following the 2013 "Active Fault Map of Turkey", seven DST segments are recognized in Turkey and neighbouring parts of Syria; the Afrin, Sermada, Armanaz, Hacıpaşa, Yesemek, Sakçagöz and Narlı segments.

The EAF has produced large or damaging earthquakes in the past few hundred years along various segments, including the 1789 (M 7.2, Palu), 1795 (M 7.0, Pazarcık), 1866 (M 7.2 Karlıova),{{cite journal|last1=Ambraseys|first1=N.N.|title=The little-known earthquakes of 1866 and 1916 in Anatolia (Turkey)|journal=Journal of Seismology|year=1997|volume=1|issue=3|pages=289–299|doi=10.1023/A:1009788609074|bibcode=1997JSeis...1..289A|s2cid=127249225}} 1872 (M 7.2, Amanos), 1874 (M 7.1, Palu), 1875 (M 6.7, Palu), 1893 (M 7.1, Erkenek), 1971 (M6.6, Karlıova) and 2020 (M 6.8, Pütürge) events.{{cite journal|last1=Milkereit|first1=C.|last2=Grosser|first2=H.|last3=Wang|first3=R.|last4=Wetzel|first4=H.-U.|last5=Woith|first5=H.|last6=Karakisa|first6=S.|last7=Zünbül|first7=S.|last8=Zschau|first8=J.|title=Implications of the 2003 Bingöl Earthquake for the Interaction between the North and East Anatolian Faults|journal=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America|year=2004|volume=94|issue=6|pages=2400–2406|doi=10.1785/0120030194|bibcode=2004BuSSA..94.2400M}} Other large historical earthquakes have been tentatively assigned to segments of the EAF, such as the 1114 and 1513 Marash earthquakes, both thought to have ruptured the Pazarcık segment.{{Cite news|newspaper=Hürriyet|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/ayni-fayin-ayni-segmenti-kirilmisti-1114-ve-1513te-maras-pazarcikta-neler-olmustu-42216570|title=Aynı fayın, aynı segmenti kırılmıştı: 1114 ve 1513'te Maraş Pazarcık'ta neler olmuştu?|date=8 February 2023|first=Gürer|last=Mut|language=Turkish|access-date=8 March 2023|archive-date=16 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216004001/https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/ayni-fayin-ayni-segmenti-kirilmisti-1114-ve-1513te-maras-pazarcikta-neler-olmustu-42216570|url-status=live}}{{cite journal|last1=Aktug|first1=B.|last2=Ozener|first2=H.|last3=Dogru|first3=A.|last4=Sabuncu|first4=A.|last5=Turgut|first5=B.|last6=Halicioglu|first6=K.|last7=Yilmaz|first7=O.|last8=Havazli|first8=E.|title=Slip rates and seismic potential on the East Anatolian Fault System using an improved GPS velocity field|journal=Journal of Geodynamics|year=2016|volume=94|pages=1–12|doi=10.1016/j.jog.2016.01.001|bibcode=2016JGeo...94....1A|url=http://halicioglu.de/pubs/aktug2016slip.pdf|access-date=11 February 2023|archive-date=7 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307231427/http://halicioglu.de/pubs/aktug2016slip.pdf|url-status=live}}

The Palu and Pütürge segments in the east display a recurrence interval of about 150 years for M 6.8–7.0 earthquakes. The Pazarcık and Amanos segments in the west have recurrence intervals of 237–772 years and 414–917 years, respectively, for M 7.0–7.4 earthquakes.{{cite journal|last1=Güvercin|first1=S.E.|last2=Karabulut|first2=H.|last3=Konca|first3=A.O.|last4=Doğan|first4=U.|last5=Ergintav|first5=S.|year=2022|title=Active seismotectonics of the East Anatolian Fault|journal=Geophysical Journal International|volume=230|issue=1|pages=50–69|doi=10.1093/gji/ggac045 |doi-access=free}} A research paper published by Earth and Planetary Science Letters in 2002 studied stress accumulation and increased seismic hazard along the East Anatolian Fault. The study concluded two sections of the fault with a considerably high potential for future earthquakes. One of these sections was in Elazığ and Bingöl, located between the rupture zones of the 1874 and 1971 earthquakes. The seismic gap ruptured during a {{M|w}} 6.1 earthquake in 2010. The 2020 {{M|w}} 6.8 earthquake ruptured to the southwest between the 1893/1905 and 1874 earthquakes.{{cite journal|last1=Ragon|first1=Théa|last2=Simons|first2=Mark|last3=Bletery|first3=Quentin|last4=Cavalié|first4=Olivier|last5=Fielding|first5=Eric|title=A Stochastic View of the 2020 Elazığ Mw 6.8 Earthquake (Turkey)|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|year=2021|issue=3|volume=48|doi=10.1029/2020GL090704|bibcode=2021GeoRL..4890704R|s2cid=230535258|url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03102456/file/2020GL090704.pdf|access-date=7 April 2023|archive-date=29 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429092400/https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03102456/file/2020GL090704.pdf|url-status=live}} Another seismic gap was located in Kahramanmaraş—this {{cvt|103|km}} long section—according to the study, believed to last rupture in 1513 has the potential to produce magnitude 7.3 earthquakes.{{cite journal|last1=Nalbant|first1=Suleyman S.|last2=McCloskey|first2=John|last3=Steacy|first3=Sandy|last4=Barka|first4=Aykut A.|title=Stress accumulation and increased seismic risk in eastern Turkey|journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters|year=2002|volume=195|issue=3–4|pages=291–298|doi=10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00592-1|bibcode=2002E&PSL.195..291N}}

Large earthquakes on the northern part of the DST include events in 115, 526, 587, 1138, 1170 and 1822, which resulted in several tens of thousands to several hundreds of thousands of fatalities.{{Cite journal|first1=H. Serdar|last1=Akyuz|first2=E.|last2=Altunel|first3=Volkan|last3=Karabacak|first4=Cahit Caglar|last4=Yalciner|year=2006|title=Historical earthquake activity of the northern part of the Dead Sea Fault Zone, southern Turkey|journal=Tectonophysics|publisher=Elsevier|volume=426|issue=3–4|pages=281–293|doi=10.1016/j.tecto.2006.08.005|bibcode=2006Tectp.426..281A}}

{{multiple image

| header = {{M|w}}7.8 earthquake at 01:17 UTC

| width = 200px

| image1 = M 7.8 - Central Turkey.jpg

| alt1 = A strong ground motion map of the mainshock

| caption1 = Strong ground motion map

| image2 = Turkey magnitude 7.8 earthquake (3-17 AM, 6 February 2023) 1.png

| alt2 = Seismogram of the Mww 7.8 earthquake

| caption2 = Seismogram

}}

The first and largest earthquake in the sequence struck at 01:17 UTC.{{Cite web|title=Magnitude 7.8 Earthquake in Nurdağı, Turkey (Türkiye)|url=https://www.usgs.gov/news/featured-story/magnitude-78-earthquake-nurdagi-turkey-turkiye|access-date=17 February 2023|publisher=United States Geological Survey|archive-date=17 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217130546/https://www.usgs.gov/news/featured-story/magnitude-78-earthquake-nurdagi-turkey-turkiye|url-status=live}} The United States Geological Survey (USGS) and Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) measured it at {{M|ww}}7.8 and {{M|w}}7.8, respectively.{{Cite web|date=6 February 2023|title=Global CMT Catalog Search|url=https://www.globalcmt.org/cgi-bin/globalcmt-cgi-bin/CMT5/form?itype=ymd&yr=2023&mo=2&day=6&oyr=2023&omo=2&oday=7&jyr=1976&jday=1&ojyr=1976&ojday=1&otype=nd&nday=1&lmw=7&umw=10&lms=0&ums=10&lmb=0&umb=10&llat=-90&ulat=90&llon=-180&ulon=180&lhd=0&uhd=1000<s=-9999&uts=9999&lpe1=0&upe1=90&lpe2=0&upe2=90&list=0|access-date=6 February 2023|publisher=Global Centroid Moment Tensor|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002705/https://www.globalcmt.org/cgi-bin/globalcmt-cgi-bin/CMT5/form?itype=ymd&yr=2023&mo=2&day=6&oyr=2023&omo=2&oday=7&jyr=1976&jday=1&ojyr=1976&ojday=1&otype=nd&nday=1&lmw=7&umw=10&lms=0&ums=10&lmb=0&umb=10&llat=-90&ulat=90&llon=-180&ulon=180&lhd=0&uhd=1000<s=-9999&uts=9999&lpe1=0&upe1=90&lpe2=0&upe2=90&list=0|url-status=live}} GEOSCOPE reported {{M|w}}8.0 and Kandilli Observatory (KOERI) reported {{M|w}}7.7 and {{M|L}}7.4. It had an epicenter {{cvt|34|km}} west of Gaziantep in Gaziantep Province, which is near the border with Syria. The earthquake hypocenter was at a depth of {{cvt|10.0|km|mi|0}} according to USGS and {{cvt|5|km|mi|0}} according to KOERI.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/son-dakika-kandilli-rasathanesi-depremi-77-olarak-revize-etti-2048733|title=Kandilli Rasathanesi depremi 7.7 olarak revize etti|trans-title=Kandilli Observatory has revised the earthquake to 7.7|access-date=16 February 2023|language=tr|website=cumhuriyet.com.tr|agency=Cumhuriyet|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208015340/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/son-dakika-kandilli-rasathanesi-depremi-77-olarak-revize-etti-2048733|url-status=live}} The shock had a focal mechanism corresponding to strike-slip faulting.{{Cite web|author=National Earthquake Information Center|date=6 February 2023|title=M 7.8 – Pazarcik earthquake, Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jllz/executive|access-date=6 February 2023|publisher=United States Geological Survey|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206021003/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jllz/executive|url-status=live}} {{PD notice}}{{cite web|date=6 February 2023|title=Turkey 2023/02/06 01:17:35 UTC, Mw=8.0|url=http://geoscope.ipgp.fr/index.php/en/catalog/earthquake-description?seis=us6000jllz|access-date=6 February 2023|publisher=GEOSCOPE Observatory|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206142222/http://geoscope.ipgp.fr/index.php/en/catalog/earthquake-description?seis=us6000jllz}}

It is one of the strongest ever recorded in Turkey, equivalent in magnitude to the 1939 Erzincan earthquake ({{M|w}}7.8).{{Cite news|last=Baker|first=J.A.|date=6 February 2023|title=Impact of Turkey earthquake on local population, economy will be 'massive': Expert|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/turkey-syria-earthquake-aftershocks-local-population-economy-impact-3257776|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206155841/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/turkey-syria-earthquake-aftershocks-local-population-economy-impact-3257776|url-status=live}}{{citation|title=ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1904–2018)|url=http://www.isc.ac.uk/iscgem/index.php|author=ISC|year=2022|publisher=International Seismological Centre|series=Version 9.1|doi=10.31905/D808B825|doi-access=free|access-date=9 February 2023|archive-date=25 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161125091901/http://www.isc.ac.uk/iscgem/index.php|url-status=live}} These earthquakes are surpassed only by the larger estimates for the 1668 North Anatolia earthquake.{{Cite web|title=Historic Worldwide Earthquakes|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/world/historical.php/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090825081330/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/world/historical.php/|archive-date=25 August 2009|publisher=United States Geological Survey}}{{Cite book|last=Ambraseys|first=N.|title=Earthquakes in the Mediterranean and Middle East: A Multidisciplinary Study of Seismicity up to 1900|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2009|isbn=9781316347850|pages=512–515}} Globally it was the strongest recorded since August 2021.{{Cite news|last1=Ozkan|first1=M.|last2=Makieh|first2=K.|date=6 February 2023|title=Major earthquake kills 3,700 in Turkey and Syria, weather hits survivors|agency=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/major-earthquake-strikes-turkey-syria-about-200-dead-many-trapped-2023-02-06/|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206065653/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/major-earthquake-strikes-turkey-syria-about-200-dead-many-trapped-2023-02-06/|url-status=live}}

{{multiple image

| header = {{M|w}}7.7 earthquake at 10:24 UTC

| width = 200px

| image1 = M 7.5 - 4 km SSE of Ekinözü, Turkey.jpg

| alt1 = A strong ground motion map of the Mww 7.5 aftershock

| caption1 = Strong ground motion map

| image2 = Turkey magnitude 7.5 earthquake (12-24 PM, 6 February 2023).png

| alt2 = Seismogram of the Mw 7.7 earthquake

| caption2 = Seismogram

}}

At 10:24 UTC, an earthquake measuring {{M|ww}}7.5 according to USGS, {{M|w}}7.6{{sfn|UN|2023|p=2}} according to KOERI, or {{M|w}}7.7 according to Geoscope and the GCMT, struck with an epicenter near Ekinözü, 95 km northeast of the M7.8 event. It had a depth of {{cvt|7.4|km|mi|0}} according to the USGS, {{cvt|5|km|mi|0}} by KOERI,{{cite report|access-date=10 February 2023|date=9 February 2023|language=tr|title=06 Şubat 2023 Mw=7.6 Ekınözü Kahramanmaraş Depremı|trans-title=06 February 2023 Mw=7.7 Sofalaca Sehitkamil Gaziantep Earthquake|url=http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/2/06-subat-2023-ml7-5-ekinozu-kahramanmaras-depremi/|publisher=Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207020241/http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/2/06-subat-2023-ml7-5-ekinozu-kahramanmaras-depremi/|url-status=live}} and {{cvt|13|km|mi|0}} by Geoscope. The shock was also the result of strike-slip faulting; it had an epicenter north of the previous large earthquake.{{Cite web|date=6 February 2023|title=Turkey 2023/02/06 10:24:49 UTC, Mw=7.7|url=http://geoscope.ipgp.fr/index.php/en/catalog/earthquake-description?seis=us6000jlqa|access-date=6 February 2023|publisher=Geoscope Observatory|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206142223/http://geoscope.ipgp.fr/index.php/en/catalog/earthquake-description?seis=us6000jlqa}}

A reevaluation of the earthquakes using long-period coda moment magnitude obtained {{M|w}} 7.95 ± 0.013 and {{M|w}} 7.86 ± 0.012, respectively.{{Cite journal|title=Special focus/Rapid Communication Moment magnitudes of two large Turkish earthquakes on February 6, 2023 from long-period coda|author=Xinyu Jiang|author2=Xiaodong Song|author3=Tian Li|author4=Kaixin Wu|year=2023|volume=36|journal=Earthquake Science|doi=10.1016/j.eqs.2023.02.008|issue=2|issn=1674-4519|pages=169–174|bibcode=2023EaSci..36..169J|s2cid=258023599|doi-access=free}} These earthquakes were some of the largest Turkish earthquakes in over 2,000 years.{{cite news|author1=KeAi|title=The magnitude of the 2023 Turkish earthquake matches the largest in the country's history, according to new study|url=https://phys.org/news/2023-04-magnitude-turkish-earthquake-largest-country.html|access-date=12 April 2023|agency=Phys.org|date=11 April 2023|archive-date=11 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411183739/https://phys.org/news/2023-04-magnitude-turkish-earthquake-largest-country.html|url-status=live}} Both earthquakes are the largest and only observed to occur on land within a short span of time.

{{Main list|List of aftershocks of the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake}}

Over 570 aftershocks were recorded within 24 hours of the {{M|w}}7.8 earthquake and over 30,000 recorded by May 2023.{{Cite web|title=Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes – Türkiye and Syria, 31 May 2023|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/kahramanmaras-earthquakes-turkiye-and-syria-31-may-2023|date=20 July 2023|access-date=23 July 2023|publisher=ReliefWeb|archive-date=12 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012015950/https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/kahramanmaras-earthquakes-turkiye-and-syria-31-may-2023|url-status=live}} An aftershock measuring {{M|ww}}6.7 occurred about 11 minutes after the mainshock.{{Cite web|author=National Earthquake Information Center|date=6 February 2023|title=M 6.7 – Central Turkey|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jlm1/executive|access-date=6 February 2023|publisher=United States Geological Survey|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206113846/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jlm1/executive|url-status=live}} There were 25 aftershocks {{M|w}}4.0 or greater recorded within six hours of the main tremor, according to the USGS. More than 12 hours later, the USGS had reported at least 54 aftershocks of 4.3 or greater magnitude, while the Turkish Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) recorded at least 120 total aftershocks.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Turkey reports at least 120 aftershocks following Monday's powerful earthquake|publisher=CNN|url=https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/turkey-earthquake-latest-020623/index.html|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206082318/https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/turkey-earthquake-latest-020623/index.html|url-status=live}}

The {{M|w}} 7.8 earthquake had aftershocks distributed along about {{cvt|350|km}} of the EAF.{{cite journal|last1=Mai|first1=P. Martin|last2=Aspiotis|first2=Theodoros|last3=Aquib|first3=Tariq Anwar|last4=Cano|first4=Eduardo Valero|last5=Castro-Cruz|first5=David|last6=Espindola-Carmona|first6=Armando|last7=Li|first7=Bo|last8=Li|first8=Xing|last9=Liu|first9=Jihong |last10=Matrau |first10=Rémi|last11=Nobile|first11=Adriano|last12=Palgunadi|first12=Kadek Hendrawan|last13=Ribot|first13=Matthieu|last14=Parisi|first14=Laura|last15=Suhendi|first15=Cahli|last16=Tang|first16=Yuxiang|last17=Yalcin|first17=Bora|last18=Klinger|first18=Yann|last19=Jónsson|first19=Sigurjón|title=The Destructive Earthquake Doublet of 6 February 2023 in South-Central Türkiye and Northwestern Syria: Initial Observations and Analyses|journal=The Seismic Record|year=2023|volume=3|issue=2|pages=105–115|doi=10.1785/0320230007|s2cid=258515976|doi-access=free|bibcode=2023SeisR...3..105M|hdl=10754/691536|hdl-access=free}} A {{M|ww}}6.3 aftershock struck near Uzunbağ in Hatay Province on 20 February; the earthquake was the result of oblique-normal faulting.{{Cite web|author=National Earthquake Information Center|title=M 6.3 – 3 km WSW of Uzunbağ, Turkey|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jqcn/executive|date=20 February 2023|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=20 February 2023|archive-date=20 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220171947/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jqcn/executive|url-status=live}} This {{M|ww}}6.3 event produced an independent cluster of aftershocks with a similar focal mechanism. Aftershocks from the sequence also occurred in the Gulf of Alexandretta, consistent with a northwest–southeast striking fault that produced the large aftershock. This aftershock occurred because the {{M|w}}7.8 event transferred sufficient on another normal fault sufficient for it to fail.

The {{M|w}}7.7 earthquake triggered its own aftershock sequence,{{cite news|last1=Kawoosa|first1=Vijdan Mohammad|editor1-last=Scarr|editor1-first=Simon|editor2-last=Doyle|editor2-first=Gerry|title=10,000 tremors|date=1 March 2023|url=https://www.reuters.com/graphics/TURKEY-QUAKE/AFTERSHOCKS/dwpkdzklevm/|access-date=2 March 2023|agency=Reuters|archive-date=6 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406000817/https://www.reuters.com/graphics/TURKEY-QUAKE/AFTERSHOCKS/dwpkdzklevm/|url-status=live}} including two {{M|b|link=y}} 6.0 aftershocks.{{Cite web|author=National Earthquake Information Center|title=M 6.0 – 5 km NE of Göksun, Turkey|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jlqa/|access-date=6 February 2023|publisher=United States Geological Survey|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206142231/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jlqa/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|author=National Earthquake Information Center|title=M 6.0 – 10 km SE of Doğanşehir, Turkey|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jm1y/executive|access-date=6 February 2023|publisher=United States Geological Survey|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002658/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jm1y/executive|url-status=live}} Aftershocks of the second earthquake continued through at least 9 February.{{Cite web|last=Grove|first=Thomas|date=9 February 2023|title=Aftershocks Continue to Rock Second Earthquake's Epicenter Elbistan|url=https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/turkey-syria-earthquake/card/aftershocks-continue-to-rock-second-earthquake-s-epicenter-elbistan-AK3x3YSIweVuadFfGmMs|access-date=17 February 2023|website=The Wall Street Journal|archive-date=18 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218001955/https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/turkey-syria-earthquake/card/aftershocks-continue-to-rock-second-earthquake-s-epicenter-elbistan-AK3x3YSIweVuadFfGmMs|url-status=live}} Thousands of aftershocks associated with this earthquake were distributed along an east–west trend corresponding to the Çardak Fault for about {{cvt|170|km}}.

{{maplink|frame=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=500|frame-height=400|from=2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake.map|frame-latitude= 37|frame-longitude=37|zoom=7|text=Map of mainshock and aftershocks – Mw 4.0 or greater (map data)}}

{{clear}}

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| caption1 = Distribution of slip across the rupture

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| caption2 = Surface projection of finite fault model

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|image1 = Central Turkey M7.5 finite fault.png

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|caption1 = Distribution of slip across the rupture

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|caption2 = Surface projection of finite fault model

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A source model for the {{M|ww}}7.8 earthquake produced by the USGS from observed seismic waves, taking into account preliminary rupture mapping from satellite data, uses three fault segments with individual lengths, widths, strikes and dips of >{{cvt|40|km}} × {{cvt|30|km}}, 028°/85° (Segment 1), >{{cvt|175|km}} × {{cvt|30|km}}, 060°/85° (Segment 2) and >{{cvt|160|km}} × {{cvt|20|km}}, 025°/75° (Segment 3). The mainshock produced a maximum slip of {{cvt|11.2|m}} along Segment 2, beneath Sakarya in Kahramanmaraş Province, northeast of the junction where it meets Segment 1. Another zone of large slip estimated at {{cvt|4.96|m}} occurred further northeast along Segment 2, northwest of Adıyaman.

The USGS source model for the {{M|w}}7.7 earthquake which struck nine hours later has three large fault segments with individual lengths, widths, strikes and dips of >{{cvt|70|km}} × >{{cvt|20|km}}, 276°/80° (Segment 1), >{{cvt|40|km}} × >{{cvt|20|km}}, 250°/80° (Segment 2) and ~{{cvt|80|km}} × >{{cvt|20|km}}, 060°/80° (Segment 3). Maximum displacement occurred on Segment 1 at {{cvt|11.4|m}}.{{Cite web|title=M 7.5 – Elbistan earthquake, Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jlqa/executive|access-date=6 February 2023|author=National Earthquake Information Center|publisher=United States Geological Survey|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206142231/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jlqa/|url-status=live}}

Three segments of the EAF were involved in the {{M|w}} 7.8 rupture; the Amanos, Pazarcık and Erkenek segments. The earthquake ruptured ~{{cvt|370|km}} of the EAF, producing a maximum slip of up to ~{{cvt|12|m}} along the Pazarcık segment.Ren, C., Wang, Z., Taymaz, T., Hu, N., Luo, H., Zhao, Z., Yue, H., Song, X., Shen, Z., Xu, H., Geng, J., Zhang, W., Wang, T., Ge, Z., Irmak, T.S., Erman, C., Zhou, Y., Li, Z., Xu, H., Cao, B. and Ding, H., 2024. Supershear triggering and cascading fault ruptures of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, earthquake doublet, Science, 383, 6680, 305–311, {{doi|10.1126/science.adi1519}}{{cite journal|last1=Meng|first1=Lingsen|last2=Xu|first2=Liuwei|last3=Mohanna|first3=Saeed|last4=Ji|first4=Chen|last5=Ampuero|first5=Jean-Paul|last6=Yunjun|first6=Zhang|last7=Hasnain|first7=Masooma|last8=Chu|first8=Risheng|title=The 2023 Mw7.8 Kahramanmaraş, Turkey Earthquake: A Multi-segment Rupture in A Millennium Supercycle|journal=Research Square|type=preprint|year=2023|doi=10.21203/rs.3.rs-2747911/v1}} The northern end of the rupture was about {{cvt|20–30|km}} south of the {{M|w}} 6.8 earthquake that struck in 2020. This section of the EAF, the Pütürge segment, between both earthquakes, may represent a seismic gap. The southern segment of the EAF rupture was at its termination, near Antakya. Slip peaked at {{cvt|12|m}} from the surface to {{cvt|7|km}} depth during the {{M|w}} 7.7 earthquake; slip was {{cvt|11|m}} at the surface. Slip along the fault was compact—mostly confined to within the Çardak Fault; it was also shallower—attenuating from {{cvt|8–12|km}}. Slip during the {{M|w}} 7.8 event extended to {{cvt|18|km}} and {{cvt|12|km}} for the {{M|w}} 7.7 event. The {{M|w}} 6.4 aftershock that struck Antakya on 20 February had a rupture area of {{cvt|25|km}} × {{cvt|25|km}} and produced a peak slip of {{cvt|0.93|m}} at {{cvt|8.3|km}} depth.{{cite journal|last1=Barbot|first1=Sylvain|last2=Luo|first2=Heng|last3=Wang|first3=Teng|last4=Hamiel|first4=Yariv|last5=Piatibratova|first5=Oksana|last6=Javed|first6=Muhammad Tahir|last7=Braitenberg|first7=Carla|last8=Gurbuz|first8=Gokhan|title=Slip distribution of the February 6, 2023 Mw 7.8 andMw 7.6, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey earthquake sequencein the East Anatolian Fault Zone|journal=Seismica|year=2023|volume=2|issue=3|doi=10.26443/seismica.v2i3.502|s2cid=258272951|doi-access=free}}

Preliminary analysis of the effects of stress changes caused by the M7.8 earthquake on the Çardak–Sürgü Fault, based on the USGS fault model, indicated up to 3 bars of added stress near the epicenter of the M7.7 shock, sufficient to trigger rupture on that zone, assuming that it was already close to failure.{{Cite journal|last1=Stein|first1=R.S.|last2=Toda|first2=S.|last3=Özbakir|first3=A.D.|last4=Sevilgen|first4=V.|last5=Gonzalez-Huizar|first5=H.|last6=Lotto|first6=G.|last7=Sevilgen|first7=S.|date=2 March 2023|title=Interactions, stress changes, mysteries, and partial forecasts of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, earthquakes|url=https://temblor.net/temblor/insights-stress-changes-mysteries-turkey-earthquakes-2023-15070/|access-date=12 March 2023|journal=Temblor|doi=10.32858/temblor.299|s2cid=257346604|archive-date=12 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312172431/https://temblor.net/temblor/insights-stress-changes-mysteries-turkey-earthquakes-2023-15070/|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}{{cite web|last1=Toda|first1=Shinji|last2=Stein|first2=Ross S.|last3=Özbakir|first3=Ali Deger|last4=Gonzalez-Huizar|first4=Hector|last5=Sevilgen|first5=Volkan|last6=Lotto|first6=Gabriel|last7=Sevilgen|first7=Serkan|title=Stress change calculations provide clues to aftershocks in 2023 Türkiye earthquakes|url=https://temblor.net/earthquake-insights/stress-calculation-clues-aftershocks-turkey-earthquakes-2023-14952/|publisher=Temblor, Inc.|access-date=13 February 2023|date=8 February 2023|archive-date=13 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213072004/https://temblor.net/earthquake-insights/stress-calculation-clues-aftershocks-turkey-earthquakes-2023-14952/|url-status=live}} Stress on the Hatay Fault, source of the 20 February {{M|w}} 6.4 aftershock, increased by 1 bar following the 6 February earthquakes.

{{see also|Supershear earthquake}}

File:2023 Turkey Syria EQ faults and epicenters.png, the extent of observed or inferred surface rupture and the location of epicenters for all earthquakes in the sequence of magnitude M≥5.0 in the first 21 days]]

Preliminary analysis based on seismology and observations of surface rupture suggest rupture along a branch of the DST before transitioning onto the EAF where most of the faulting was observed. The initial rupture at the site of the epicenter of the M7.8 shock on the Narlı Fault, the northernmost section of the DST.{{Cite web|last1=Schmitt|first1=R.|last2=Herman|first2=M.|last3=Barnhart|first3=W.|last4=Furlong|first4=K.|last5=Benz|first5=H.|date=22 February 2023|title=The 2023 Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, Earthquake Sequence|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/storymap/index-turkey2023.html|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=28 February 2023|archive-date=26 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226053640/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/storymap/index-turkey2023.html|url-status=live}}{{sfn|Utkucu|Uzunca|Durmuş|Nalbant|2023|p=8}} The fault ruptured unilaterally northwards until it reached the Pazarcık segment of the East Anatolian Fault. Ruptures then continued bilaterally to the northeast and southwest along this segment. This subevent on the Narlı Fault corresponded to a {{M|w}} 7.0 earthquake which ruptured for 20 seconds. It had a focal mechanism corresponding to oblique-normal faulting. A preliminary analysis of near-field (within {{cvt|1|km}} of the fault rupture) seismic records indicates that the initial rupture speed transitioned to supershear after propagating about {{cvt|19.5|km}} away from the epicenter along the Narlı Fault before it reached the EAF.{{cite journal|last1=Rosakis|first1=A.|last2=Abdelmaguid|first2=M.|last3=Elbanna|first3=A.|date=17 February 2023|title=Evidence of Early Supershear Transition in the Feb 6th 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş Turkey Earthquake From Near-Field Records|type=Preprint|url=https://eartharxiv.org/repository/view/5042/|doi=10.31223/X5W95G|doi-access=free|journal=Eartharxiv Preprint|arxiv=2302.07214|bibcode=2023EaArX...X5W95GR|access-date=15 March 2023|archive-date=12 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312134039/https://eartharxiv.org/repository/view/5042/|url-status=live}} Back projection suggests the total rupture length was ~{{cvt|560|km}}.{{cite journal|last1=Petersen|first1=Gesa Maria|last2=Büyükakpinar|first2=Pinar|last3=Sanhueza|first3=Felipe Orlando Vera|last4=Metz|first4=Malte|last5=Cesca|first5=Simone|last6=Akbayram|first6=Kenan|last7=Saul|first7=Joachim|last8=Dahm|first8=Torsten|title=The 2023 Southeast Türkiye Seismic Sequence: Rupture of a Complex Fault Network|journal=The Seismic Record|year=2023|volume=3|issue=2|pages=134–143|doi=10.1785/0320230008|bibcode=2023SeisR...3..134P|s2cid=258777817|doi-access=free}}

The rupture continued northeast onto the Ekernek segment and to the southwest onto the Amanos segment.{{sfn|Çetin|Ilgaç|Can|Çakır|2023|p=17–18}} The northeastern rupture ceased 55 seconds after initiation while the southwestern rupture ceased near Antakya about 80 seconds later. A {{M|w}}6.8 aftershock occurring 11 minutes later and west of the first M>7 epicenter may have ruptured along the Sakçagöz Fault, the next segment of the DST to the south.{{sfn|Çetin|Ilgaç|Can|Çakır|2023|p=17–18}} Rupture along the EAF during the event occurred at subshear velocity (maximum {{cvt|3.2|km}} per second).{{cite journal|last1=Melgar|first1=Diego|last2=Taymaz|first2=Tuncay|last3=Ganas|first3=Athanassios|last4=Crowell|first4=Brendan|last5=Öcalan|first5=Taylan|last6=Kahraman|first6=Metin|last7=Tsironi|first7=Varvara|last8=Yolsal-Çevikbilen|first8=Seda|last9=Valkaniotis|first9=Sotiris |last10=Irmak |first10=Tahir Serkan|last11=Eken|first11=Tuna|last12=Erman|first12=Ceyhun|last13=Özkan|first13=Berkan|last14=Dogan|first14=Ali Hasan|last15=Altuntaş|first15=Cemali|title=Sub- and super-shear ruptures during the 2023 Mw 7.8 and Mw 7.6 earthquake doublet in SE Türkiye|journal=Seismica|year=2023|volume=2|issue=3|doi=10.26443/seismica.v2i3.387|s2cid=257520761|doi-access=free}} An analysis of near-field seismic data revealed transient supershear rupture episodes throughout the EAF rupture. Supershear rupture occurred along the northernmost section of the Narlı Fault where it meets the EAF. The rupture transitioned onto the EAF and propagated northeast at supershear velocity until its termination near Malatya. Rupture towards the southwest was mostly subshear, but at the southern termination in Hatay, where the fault has multiple branches and kinks, supershear was likely observed. Supershear rupture at the southern termination contributed to the intense ground motion in Antakya.{{citation|last1=Abdelmeguid|first1=M.|last2=Zhao|first2=C.|last3=Yalcinkaya|first3=E.|last4=Gazetas|first4=G.|last5=Elbanna|first5=A.|last6=Rosakis|first6=A.|title=Revealing The Dynamics of the Feb 6th 2023 M7.8 Kahramanmaraş/Pazarcik Earthquake: near-field records and dynamic rupture modeling|journal=Eartharxiv ePrints|publisher=California Digital Library (CDL)|year=2023|doi=10.31223/x5066r|bibcode=2023EaArX...X5066RA}}

The second M>7 earthquake initiated on a separate fault known as the Çardak–Sürgü Fault Zone, part of the northern strand of the East Anatolian Fault.{{sfn|Govers|2023|loc=[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pUoM5SMilqY&t=475 ∂7:55]}}{{sfn|Earthquake Department|2023|p=4}} The rupture propagated bilaterally along the Çardak segment, continuing eastwards onto the Sürgü segment before continuing eastwards to Malatya along the northeast–southwest trending Doğanşehir Fault Zone. Rupture also propagated towards the southwest along the Çardak segment. The total rupture length was estimated at {{cvt|160|km}}.{{sfn|Çetin|Ilgaç|Can|Çakır|2023|p=17–18}} The westward-propagating rupture occurred at supershear velocity (maximum {{cvt|4.8|km}} per second) while the eastward-propagating rupture occurred at subshear velocity (maximum {{cvt|2.8|km}} per second). The rupture lasted about 35 seconds.

The {{M|w}} 6.4 aftershock on 20 February occurred along the Hatay Fault. The focal mechanism indicated normal faulting along a northeast–southwest striking fault.{{cite journal|last1=Karabulut|first1=H.|last2=Güvercin|first2=S.E.|last3=Hollingsworth|first3=J.|last4=Konca|first4=A.Ö.|title=Long silence on the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Southern Turkey) ends with devastating double earthquakes (6 February 2023) over a seismic gap: Implications for the seismic potential in the Eastern Mediterranean region|journal=Journal of the Geological Society|year=2023|volume=180|issue=3|doi=10.1144/jgs2023-021|bibcode=2023JGSoc.180...21K|s2cid=258124986|url=https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/22568635|access-date=19 June 2023|archive-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224001431/https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Long_silence_on_the_East_Anatolian_Fault_Zone_Southern_Turkey_ends_with_devastating_double_earthquakes_6_February_2023_over_a_seismic_gap_implications_for_the_seismic_potential_in_the_Eastern_Mediterranean_region/22568635|url-status=live}}

File:Türkiye–Syria interferogram ESA24711647.jpeg of the {{M|w}} 7.8 mainshock]]

The extent of surface ruptures associated with the M7.8 and M7.7 earthquakes have been mapped using a mixture of satellite imagery and ground observations. Pixel matching on images captured by Sentinel-1 before and after the earthquakes showed sharp discontinuities in displacement, revealing two separate zones of surface rupture. The longer of the pair, produced by the first earthquake, measured {{cvt|320|km}} while the second earthquake produced {{cvt|150|km}} of surface rupture.{{cite news|last1=Pultarova|first1=Tereza|title=Turkey earthquake opened 190-mile-long fissure, satellite images show|url=https://www.space.com/turkey-earthquake-satellite-images-200-mile-rupture|access-date=15 February 2023|publisher=Space.com|date=10 February 2023|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215115536/https://www.space.com/turkey-earthquake-satellite-images-200-mile-rupture|url-status=live}} These observations were backed up with direct imaging of the ruptures using other satellite data, such as from the DigitalGlobe's WorldView-1, 2 & 3 and GeoEye-1,{{citation|last1=Reitman|first1=N.G.|last2=Briggs|first2=R.W.|last3=Barnhart|first3=W.D.|last4=Thompson|first4=J.A.|last5=DuRoss|first5=C.B.|last6=Hatem|first6=A.E.|last7=Gold|first7=R.D.|last8=Mejstrik|first8=J.D.|year=2023|title=Preliminary fault rupture mapping of the 2023 M7.8 and M7.5 Türkiye Earthquakes|url=https://usgs.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=5229bb842bd64b688d769abbefe43b46|access-date=10 March 2023|doi=10.5066/P985I7U2|doi-access=free|publisher=United States Geological Survey|archive-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224001431/https://usgs.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=5229bb842bd64b688d769abbefe43b46|url-status=live}} and by field work.{{Cite news|date=14 February 2023|title=Roads, railways, walls, fields moved by Türkiye quake: Report|work=Daily Sabah|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/turkey/roads-railways-walls-fields-moved-by-turkiye-quake-report/news|access-date=10 March 2023|archive-date=15 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315022750/https://www.dailysabah.com/turkey/roads-railways-walls-fields-moved-by-turkiye-quake-report/news|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=Turkish scientists probing the twin quakes find some unusual seismic signs|url=https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/turkish-scientists-probing-the-twin-quakes-find-some-unusual-seismic-signs-65456/amp|access-date=18 February 2023|agency=TRT World|date=17 February 2023|archive-date=18 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218035347/https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/turkish-scientists-probing-the-twin-quakes-find-some-unusual-seismic-signs-65456/amp|url-status=live}} The surface rupture and focal mechanism during the first subevent on the Narlı Fault also indicated a large normal faulting component.

The zone of surface rupture extended from north of Antakya, Hatay Province towards Pazarcık, Kahramanmaraş Province and Gölbaşı, Adıyaman Province.{{cite news|title=Yer kabuğundaki kayma 7 metre 30 santimetreye kadar çıktı|trans-title=The slip in the earth's crust was up to 7 meters 30 centimeters|url=https://www.gazetezebra.com.tr/yer-kabugundaki-kayma-7-metre-30-santimetreye-kadar-cikti|access-date=15 February 2023|agency=Gazete Zebra|date=15 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215185528/https://www.gazetezebra.com.tr/yer-kabugundaki-kayma-7-metre-30-santimetreye-kadar-cikti|url-status=live}} Surface ruptures continued north of these cities. Surface rupture occurred in the Amik Valley. The westernmost part of Hatay Airport was damaged by surface ruptures but cracks in the runway were attributed to ground deformation. A major canal was damaged and lead to flooding in parts of the Amik Valley which was formerly Lake Amik.{{sfn|Taftsoglou|Valkaniotis|Karantanellis|Goula|pp=12|2023}} Field observations indicate a maximum displacement of {{cvt|7.3|m}} on the surface.{{cite news|title=Deprem bölgesiyle ilgili çarpıcı tespit: Yer kabuğu 7.3 metre kaydı|trans-title=Striking finding about the earthquake zone: The earth's crust recorded 7.3 meters|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/son-dakika-deprem-bolgesiyle-ilgili-carpici-tespit-yer-kabugu-7-3-metre-kaydi-7592607/|access-date=15 February 2023|agency=Sözcü|date=15 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215115140/https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/son-dakika-deprem-bolgesiyle-ilgili-carpici-tespit-yer-kabugu-7-3-metre-kaydi-7592607/|url-status=live}} Geologists traced a {{cvt|15|km}} surface rupture trending south from Pazarcık with an offset of {{cvt|2.5|m}}. From Golbasi to Nurdağı ground displacements were up to {{cvt|5|m}}. The surface rupture observed during the M7.8 earthquake was unusually large, comparable to that during the 1906 San Francisco earthquake along the San Andreas Fault.{{cite web|title=UW experts discuss the earthquake in Turkey and Syria|url=https://www.washington.edu/news/2023/02/09/uw-experts-discuss-the-earthquake-in-turkey-and-syria/|access-date=9 February 2023|publisher=University of Washington|date=9 February 2023|archive-date=17 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217114455/https://www.washington.edu/news/2023/02/09/uw-experts-discuss-the-earthquake-in-turkey-and-syria/|url-status=live}}

Large surface offsets of {{cvt|6–8|m}} were observed along the Sürgü-Çardak Fault. Along a road west of {{ill|Gözpınar, Ekinözü|lt=Gözpınar|ce|Гоьзпинар (Экиноьзуь)|tr|Gözpınar, Ekinözü|tt|Гөзпынар (Экинөзү)|vi|Gözpınar, Ekinözü}}, the rupture displaced the road left-laterally for {{cvt|8.6|m}}.{{sfn|Çen|Bray|Frost|Hortacsu|2023|pp=54–61}} The largest maximum surface offset was {{cvt|10.0–12.6|m}}; one of the largest surface offsets ever observed from an earthquake.{{cite web|last1=Yaltirak|first1=Cenk|last2=Tari|first2=Ufuk|last3=Dikbaş|first3=Aynur|last4=Özcan|first4=Orkan|last5=Elitez|first5=İrem|title=Extreme "Catapult" ruptures of the Çardak Fault in the 6 February 2023 Mw 7.6 earthquake in Türkiye|year=2023|doi=10.21203/rs.3.rs-3199409/v1|url=https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3199409/v1/fc050a0a-ed49-418e-a00a-71f7429bd5b2.pdf?c=1692407850|access-date=30 September 2023|archive-date=1 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901170046/https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3199409/v1/fc050a0a-ed49-418e-a00a-71f7429bd5b2.pdf?c=1692407850|url-status=live}}

File:A cracked land after the 7,8 magnitude earthquake in Turkey.jpg, Adıyaman Province]]

Ground acceleration values recorded in some areas near the fault rupture were in excess of 1 g.{{cite web|last1=Baptie|first1=Brian|last2=Segou|first2=Margarita|title=The Kahraman Maraş earthquake sequence, Turkey/Syria|url=https://www.bgs.ac.uk/news/the-kahraman-maras-earthquake-sequence-turkey-syria/|access-date=18 February 2023|publisher=British Geological Survey|date=14 February 2023|archive-date=18 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218035950/https://www.bgs.ac.uk/news/the-kahraman-maras-earthquake-sequence-turkey-syria/|url-status=live}} Three USGS seismic installations, two at Antakya and one at Hassa, recorded large ground accelerations and velocities. The town of Hassa recorded 0.9082 g in ground acceleration (pga) and {{cvt|215.34|cm/s}} in ground velocity. The station data corresponded to a Modified Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). A peak ground acceleration of 1.62 g was recorded by a station at Fevzipaşa.{{cite web|author1=National Earthquake Information Center|title=M 7.8 – Central Turkey – ShakeMap|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jllz/map?shakemap-code=us6000jllz&shakemap-source=us&shakemap-intensity=true&shakemap-mmi-contours=false&shakemap-stations=true|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=11 February 2023|date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302171403/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jllz/map?shakemap-code=us6000jllz&shakemap-source=us&shakemap-intensity=true&shakemap-mmi-contours=false&shakemap-stations=true|archive-date=2 March 2023}} The peak ground acceleration generally exceeded 0.5 g in a large area around the epicenter, near Adiyaman and a large part of Hatay. High pga values of 2 g were recorded in Hatay. The maximum recorded pga was 2.212 g at a station in Pazarcık Belediyesi Parkı, Pazarcık; a government health facility nearby had limited damage but the surrounding town was devastated.{{sfn|Çen|Bray|Frost|Hortacsu|2023|pp=92}} The maximum recorded pga during the {{M|w}} 7.7 earthquake was 0.59 g at Göksun.{{sfn|Çen|Bray|Frost|Hortacsu|2023|pp=20}}

According to Kandilli Observatory, the maximum Mercalli intensity (MMI) of the mainshock was estimated to have reached MMI XI–XII (Extreme) in Antakya and near the epicenter. MMI XI (Extreme) or higher was observed along the fault rupture from the epicenter to Antakya.{{cite report|last1=Gülerce|first1=Zeynep|last2=Askan|first2=Ayşegül|last3=Kale|first3=Özkan|last4=Sandıkkaya|first4=Abdullah|last5=Işık|first5=Nihat Sinan|last6=İlhan|first6=Okan|last7=Can|first7=Gizem|last8=Ilgaç|first8=Makbule|last9=Ozacar|first9=A. Arda |last10=Sopacı |first10=Eyüp|last11=Çetin|first11=Kemal Önder|last12=Akbaş|first12=Burak|last13=Altındal|first13=Abdullah|last14=Guryuva|first14=Baran|last15=Kanun|first15=Onur|last16=Albayrak|first16=Kubilay|last17=Muratoglu|first17=Gamze|last18=Okcu|first18=Oguz Salih|last19=Icen|first19=Abdullah |last20=Aydin |first20=Mehmet Firat|title=February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcik (Mw=7.7) and Elbistan (Mw=7.5) Earthquakes|chapter=Preliminary Analysis of Strong Ground Motion Characteristics|pages=25–27|url=https://eerc.metu.edu.tr/en/system/files/documents/CH4_Strong_Ground_Motion_Report_2023-02-20.pdf|access-date=10 April 2023|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422210304/https://eerc.metu.edu.tr/en/system/files/documents/CH4_Strong_Ground_Motion_Report_2023-02-20.pdf|url-status=live}} The MMI also reached IX–X (Violent–Extreme) in Kahramanmaraş and İskenderun, VIII–IX (Severe–Violent) in Malatya and Adıyaman, VII–VIII (Very strong–Severe) in Gaziantep, Kilis, Idlib and Aleppo, and VI–VII (Strong–Very strong) in Adana and Şanlıurfa.{{Cite report|title=Kahramanmaraş – Gaziantep Türkiye M7.7 Earthquake, 6 February 2023 (04:17 GMT+03:00): Strong Ground Motion and Building Damage Estimations Preliminary Report (v6)|url=https://www.emsc-csem.org/Doc/Additional_Earthquake_Report/1218444/Kahramanmaras-Gaziantep_Earthquake_06-02-2023_(04.17)-Bogazici_University_Earthquake_Engineering_Department.pdf|publisher=Boğaziçi University|last1=Hancılar|first1=Ufuk|first2=Karin|last2=Şeşetyan|first3=Eser|last3=Çaktı|first4=Erdal|last4=Şafak|first5=Nesrin|last5=Yenihayat|first6=Fatma S.|last6=Malcıoğlu|first7=Kökcan|last7=Dönmez|first8=Tuğçe|last8=Tetik|first9=Hakan|last9=Süleyman|date=16 February 2023|access-date=11 March 2023|archive-date=12 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312002054/https://www.emsc-csem.org/Doc/Additional_Earthquake_Report/1218444/Kahramanmaras-Gaziantep_Earthquake_06-02-2023_%2804.17%29-Bogazici_University_Earthquake_Engineering_Department.pdf|url-status=live}} The maximum MMI of the second earthquake was XI (Extreme).{{cite journal|last1=Büyüksaraç|first1=Aydın|last2=Işık|first2=Ercan|last3=Bektaş|first3=Özcan|last4=Avcil|first4=Faith|title=Achieving Intensity Distributions of 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes from Peak Ground Acceleration Records|url=https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/2/599|access-date=2 January 2025|date=10 January 2024|doi=10.3390/su16020599|doi-access=free|journal=Sustainability|year=2024|volume=16|issue=2|hdl=20.500.12428/5686|hdl-access=free}}

File:A heavily damaged building in Gölbaşı after 7,8 magnitude earthquake in Turkiye.jpg and a partially tilted apartment building in Gölbaşı]]

Liquefaction was identified via satellite and remote sensing along the southern portion of the {{M|w}}7.8 rupture on the East Anatolian Fault from Antakya to Gölbaşı. Liquefaction and lateral spreading were observed at and near coastal areas, fluvial valleys and drained lake or swamp areas, covered by Holocene sediments.{{sfn|Taftsoglou|Valkaniotis|Karantanellis|Goula|pp=8|2023}} These effects were widespread in the Amik Valley and Orontes River plain, north of Antakya, Hatay Province. Limited observations were made in high-elevation areas due to snow cover and lack of satellite observations.{{sfn|Taftsoglou|Valkaniotis|Karantanellis|Goula|pp=8|2023}} Liquefaction was also observed in Samandağ. At Lake Gölbaşı, Adıyaman Province, lateral spreading occurred along the northern, eastern and southern coast. Parts of the lakeshore were also submerged. Gölbaşı was also damaged by liquefaction and lateral spreading.{{sfn|Taftsoglou|Valkaniotis|Karantanellis|Goula|pp=12|2023}}

File:Coastal flooding after 7,8 magnitude earthquake in Turkey.jpg

Subsidence due to lateral spreading caused extensive damage in İskenderun. Liquefaction produced sand ejecta that buried Atatürk Boulevard in Çay District. Regular flooding in the city was observed after the earthquakes. Earlier flooding may be attributed to liquefaction while subsequent occurrences may be due to damage to the coast and water infrastructure.{{sfn|Çen|Bray|Frost|Hortacsu|2023|pp=112–143}} The sea inundated parts of the city by as much as {{cvt|200|m}}. Large areas of the coast and sections of piers were flooded due to lateral spreading. Large waves from bad weather and a tsunami may have contributed to the effects observed at İskenderun.{{cite news|last1=Ravilious|first1=K.|title=Geological impact of Turkey-Syria earthquake slowly comes into focus|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/10/geological-impact-of-turkey-syria-earthquake-slowly-comes-into-focus|access-date=11 February 2023|work=The Guardian|date=10 February 2023|archive-date=23 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223093415/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/10/geological-impact-of-turkey-syria-earthquake-slowly-comes-into-focus|url-status=live}}

Both earthquakes caused shaking levels (≥0.12 g) sufficient for landslide-triggering across a {{cvt|90,000|km2}} area. About 3,673 earthquake-triggered landslides were identified using satellite imagery, aerial photos, and one field survey of the area. Landslides mainly occurred in the northern region of the affected area. Rockslides were the most commonly observed; there were also many bedrock rotational landslides, translational slides and lateral spreads. Surface ruptures propagating through hillsides also triggered landslides. These landslides blocked roads and river channels, destroyed or seriously damaged buildings and caused many deaths.{{cite journal|last1=Görüm|first1=Tolga|last2=Tanyas|first2=Hakan|last3=Karabacak|first3=Furkan|last4=Yılmaz|first4=Abdüssamet|last5=Girgin|first5=Serkan|last6=Allstadt|first6=Kate E.|last7=Süzen|first7=M. Lütfi|last8=Burgi|first8=Paula|title=Preliminary documentation of coseismic ground failure triggered by the February 6, 2023 Türkiye earthquake sequence|journal=Engineering Geology|year=2023|volume=327|doi=10.1016/j.enggeo.2023.107315|s2cid=264108493|doi-access=free|bibcode=2023EngGe.32707315G}}

One of the largest landslides occurred near Tepehan village, Hatay Province; a translational slide which detached a block {{cvt|1.3|km2}}. This landslide occurred in a region comprising marl and clay-rich limestone. It produced a {{cvt|20|m}} vertical displacement along its scarp. ITV News reported the landslide scarp was up to {{cvt|1,000|ft}} long and "wider than a football pitch" in some areas.{{cite news|last1=Wright|first1=Natalie|title=Turkey-Syria earthquake ripped huge chasm in what was once an olive field near Antakya|url=https://www.itv.com/news/2023-02-16/turkey-syria-earthquake-tore-huge-chasm-in-what-was-once-an-olive-field|access-date=18 October 2023|publisher=ITV News|date=16 February 2023|archive-date=18 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231118022234/https://www.itv.com/news/2023-02-16/turkey-syria-earthquake-tore-huge-chasm-in-what-was-once-an-olive-field|url-status=live}}

Despite an epicenter {{cvt|90|km}} inland, a tsunami was recorded in the Mediterranean Sea.{{sfn|Çetin|Ilgaç|Can|Çakır|2023|p=17–18}} It was the first recorded tsunami in the eastern Mediterranean Sea region since the one produced by the 1953 {{M|l}} 6.2 earthquake in Cyprus. The largest wave measured {{cvt|40|cm}} along the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Although no underwater surveys results have been made available to identify the sources of these tsunamis, they were likely produced by landsliding at Iskenderun Port and liquefaction on the coastal flatlands of Antakya.{{cite journal|last1=Hu|first1=Gui|last2=Satake|first2=Kenji|last3=Li|first3=Linlin|last4=Du|first4=Peng|title=Origins of the Tsunami Following the 2023 Turkey–Syria Earthquake|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|year=2023|volume=50|issue=18|doi=10.1029/2023GL103997|bibcode=2023GeoRL..5003997H|s2cid=262187921|doi-access=free}}

Small tsunami waves were recorded off the coast of Famagusta, Cyprus, without damage.{{Cite news|last=Damaskinos|first=I.|date=6 February 2023|title=Earthquake in Turkey caused 'small tsunamis' off Famagusta coast|work=Cyprus Mail|url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2023/02/06/earthquake-in-caused-small-tsunami-off-famagusta-coast/|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206144853/https://cyprus-mail.com/2023/02/06/earthquake-in-caused-small-tsunami-off-famagusta-coast/|url-status=live}} The tsunami measured {{cvt|0.17|m}}, and tsunami waves were recorded at {{cvt|0.12|m}} at İskenderun and {{cvt|0.13|m}} at Erdemli.{{cite web|first=Kandilli|last=Rasathanesi|date=6 February 2023|title=SOFALACA ŞEHİTKAMİL GAZİANTEP DEPREMİ|url=http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/2/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/20230206_0117_GAZIANTEP.pdf|website=B.Ü. Kandıllı Rasathanesı ve DAE. Bölgesel Deprem-Tsunamı İzleme ve Değerlendırme Merkezı|access-date=9 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208222827/http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/2/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/20230206_0117_GAZIANTEP.pdf|url-status=live}} Tsunami warnings were issued for the southern Turkish coast, southern and eastern Italian coasts and the whole eastern Mediterranean Sea area, but later withdrawn.{{sfn|Çetin|Ilgaç|Can|Çakır|2023|p=59}}

The earthquake rupture terminated near Suvatlı in the Amik Valley, where some {{cvt|10.5|km}} to its east is the Hacıpaşa Fault, a Dead Sea Transform segment. The rupture was arrested by a stepover that connects the East Anatolian Fault with the Hacıpaşa Fault. Though it did not rupture, the Coulomb stress increased on the Hacıpaşa Fault. With a combination of the increases stress, 600–900 years without major earthquakes, and an annual slip rate of {{cvt|5|mm}}, it is a potential source of magnitude 7.0 or greater earthquakes. The accumulated slip along this segment is estimated at {{cvt|3–9|m}}. An earthquake "domino effect" remains plausible along the Dead Sea Transform beginning with the Hacıpaşa Fault, as observed along the North Anatolian Fault, where successive earthquakes have migrated westwards along the fault since 1939.{{cite journal|last1=Altunel|first1=Erhan|last2=Kozacı|first2=Özgür|last3=Yıldırım|first3=Cengiz|last4=Sbeinati|first4=Reda Mohamed|last5=Meghraoui|first5=Mustapha|title=Potential domino effect of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake on the centuries-long seismic quiescence of the Dead Sea fault: inferences from the North Anatolian fault|journal=Scientific Reports|year=2024|volume=14|issue=15440|page=15440|doi=10.1038/s41598-024-65906-4|pmid=38965261|pmc=11224342}}

There were 53,537 deaths{{cite news|title=Nearly 60,000 Killed In 2023 Turkey, Syria Quake: New Toll|url=https://www.barrons.com/news/nearly-60-000-killed-in-2023-turkey-syria-quake-new-toll-528e4a39|access-date=2 February 2024|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Barron's|date=2 February 2024|archive-date=2 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202130418/https://www.barrons.com/news/nearly-60-000-killed-in-2023-turkey-syria-quake-new-toll-528e4a39|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=Son Dakika... Süleyman Soylu açıkladı: Depremde can kaybı 50 bin 783 oldu|trans-title=Last Minute... Süleyman Soylu announced: The loss of life in the earthquake was 50 thousand 783|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/siyaset/son-dakika-suleyman-soylu-acikladi-depremde-can-kaybi-50-bin-783-oldu-2074031|access-date=22 April 2023|agency=Cumhuriyet|date=22 April 2023|language=tr|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422114009/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/siyaset/son-dakika-suleyman-soylu-acikladi-depremde-can-kaybi-50-bin-783-oldu-2074031|url-status=live}} and 107,213 injured{{cite news|title=6 Şubat depreminin acı bilançosu: 53 bin 537 vefat|trans-title=The sad toll of the February 6 earthquake: 53 thousand 537 deaths|language=tr|url=https://besniekspres.com/haber/6_subat_depreminin_aci_bilancosu_53_bin_537_vefat-14020.html|access-date=6 February 2024|work=Besni Ekspres Gazetesi|date=2 February 2024|archive-date=6 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206010058/https://besniekspres.com/haber/6_subat_depreminin_aci_bilancosu_53_bin_537_vefat-14020.html|url-status=live}} across 11 of the 17 affected provinces of Turkey.{{cite news|title=Depremde can kaybı 50 bin 96 oldu|trans-title=Loss of life in the earthquake was 50 thousand 96|url=https://www.trthaber.com/haber/gundem/depremde-can-kaybi-50-bin-96-oldu-754477.html|access-date=22 April 2023|agency=TRT Haber|date=20 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422122351/https://www.trthaber.com/haber/gundem/depremde-can-kaybi-50-bin-96-oldu-754477.html|url-status=live}} About 140 people remain missing; 118 in Hatay Province.{{cite news|title=Some still search for loved ones a year after Turkey's earthquake|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/some-still-search-for-loved-ones-a-year-after-turkeys-earthquake|access-date=6 February 2024|agency=Reuters|work=The Straits Times|date=6 February 2024|archive-date=6 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206121724/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/some-still-search-for-loved-ones-a-year-after-turkeys-earthquake|url-status=live}} At least 15.73 million people{{cite news|title=Earthquake hit one-fifth of Turkey's food production: UN|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/03/31/Earthquake-hit-one-fifth-of-Turkey-s-food-production-UN-|access-date=1 April 2023|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Al Arabiya|date=31 March 2023|archive-date=7 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407153158/https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/03/31/Earthquake-hit-one-fifth-of-Turkey-s-food-production-UN-|url-status=live}} and 4 million buildings were affected.{{cite news|last1=Temoçin|first1=R.|title=Deprem sonrası moloz yığınına dönen binalar 'yasadışı yapıları' tekrar gündeme getirdi: 'İmar affı öldürdü'|trans-title=Buildings that turned into rubble after the earthquake brought 'illegal structures' to the agenda again: 'The construction amnesty killed it'|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/deprem-sonrasi-moloz-yiginina-donen-binalar-yasadisi-yapilari-tekrar-gundeme-getirdi-imar-affi-oldurdu-2049411|access-date=8 February 2023|agency=Cumhuriyet|date=8 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208052202/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/deprem-sonrasi-moloz-yiginina-donen-binalar-yasadisi-yapilari-tekrar-gundeme-getirdi-imar-affi-oldurdu-2049411|url-status=live}} More than 2 million residents in the affected provinces were evacuated to nearby provinces including Mersin, Antalya, Mardin, Niğde and Konya.{{cite news|title=2 million people evacuated from quake-hit provinces|url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/2-million-people-evacuated-from-quake-hit-provinces-181310|access-date=30 March 2023|work=Hürriyet Daily News|date=2 March 2023|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330004256/https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/2-million-people-evacuated-from-quake-hit-provinces-181310|url-status=live}} At least 518,009 houses{{cite web|title=Türki̇ye earthquakes recovery and reconstruction assessment|author=Government of Turkey|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/turkiye-earthquakes-recovery-and-reconstruction-assessment|access-date=26 January 2024|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=27 March 2023|archive-date=12 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512042943/http://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/turkiye-earthquakes-recovery-and-reconstruction-assessment|url-status=live}} and over 345,000 apartments were destroyed.{{cite news|title=Asrın felaketi'nde can kaybı 47 bin 932 oldu|url=https://www.trthaber.com/haber/gundem/asrin-felaketinde-can-kaybi-47-bin-932-oldu-752123.html|access-date=10 March 2023|publisher=TrtHaber|date=10 March 2023|archive-date=17 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317152358/https://www.trthaber.com/haber/gundem/asrin-felaketinde-can-kaybi-47-bin-932-oldu-752123.html|url-status=live}} More than 20 percent of Turkey's agriculture production was affected. The United Nations said crops, livestock, fisheries, aquaculture and rural infrastructure were heavily damaged. At least 516 university buildings were affected, of which 106 were heavily damaged.{{Cite web|title=Deprem bölgesinde ağır hasarlı 106, az hasarlı 410 üniversite binası var!|url=https://tele1.com.tr/deprem-bolgesinde-agir-hasarli-106-az-hasarli-410-universite-binasi-var-805476/|agency=Tele1|date=14 March 2023|access-date=10 April 2023|language=tr|archive-date=14 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314175631/https://tele1.com.tr/deprem-bolgesinde-agir-hasarli-106-az-hasarli-410-universite-binasi-var-805476/|url-status=live}}

By 23 February 2023, the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change conducted damage inspections for 1.25 million buildings; revealing 164,000 buildings were either destroyed or severely damaged.{{Cite web|date=23 February 2023|title=Minister: Earthquakes left over 164,000 buildings collapsed, severely damaged in Türkiye|url=https://bianet.org/english/society/274703-minister-earthquakes-left-over-164-000-buildings-collapsed-severely-damaged-in-turkiye|website=Bianet|access-date=23 February 2023|archive-date=23 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223213758/https://bianet.org/english/society/274703-minister-earthquakes-left-over-164-000-buildings-collapsed-severely-damaged-in-turkiye|url-status=live}} Another inspection carried out in March revealed that 1,411,304 housing units sustained light to moderate damage. Over 150,000 commercial infrastructure were at least moderately damaged.{{cite news|title=Turkey begins rebuilding for millions left homeless after quakes|url=https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/middle-east/levant-turkey/1677265208-turkey-begins-rebuilding-for-millions-left-homeless-after-quakes|access-date=26 February 2023|agency=i24NEWS|date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301151957/https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/middle-east/levant-turkey/1677265208-turkey-begins-rebuilding-for-millions-left-homeless-after-quakes|url-status=live}} The International Organization for Migration estimated over 2.7 million people were made homeless.{{Cite web|title=Türkiye: 2023 Earthquakes Situation Report No. 8, As of 9 March 2023|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/turkiye-2023-earthquakes-situation-report-no-8-9-march-2023|date=9 March 2023|access-date=11 March 2023|publisher=ReliefWeb|author=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|archive-date=10 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310122122/https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/turkiye-2023-earthquakes-situation-report-no-8-9-march-2023|url-status=live}} Additionally, the International Labour Organization estimated that 658,000 workers in Turkey and 170,000 others in Syria had lost their jobs as a result of the earthquake, increasing risks of poverty and child labour.{{cite news|title=ILO: Türkiye'de deprem nedeniyle 658 bin çalışan geçim olanağını kaybetti|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/ilo-turkiyede-deprem-nedeniyle-658-bin-calisan-gecim-olanagini-kaybetti-wp7636448|date=|access-date=30 December 2023|language=tr|newspaper=Sözcü}} A damage assessment by the Turkish government revealed at least 61,722 buildings had to be demolished including 11,900 in Gaziantep Province, 10,900 in Hatay Province, 10,800 in Kahramanmaraş Province and 36,046 in Malatya Province.{{cite web|title=Depremlerden etkilenen illerde 61 bin 722 binanın acil yıkılması gerekiyor|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/depremlerden-etkilenen-illerde-61-bin-722-binanin-acil-yikilmasi-gerekiyor-42220807|access-date=16 February 2023|language=tr|work=Hürriyet Daily News|trans-title=In provinces affected by earthquakes, 61,722 buildings must be demolished urgently|date=16 February 2023|archive-date=16 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216112915/https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/depremlerden-etkilenen-illerde-61-bin-722-binanin-acil-yikilmasi-gerekiyor-42220807|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=Turkey: Over 50,000 buildings must be demolished in quake-hit areas|url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20230216_03/|access-date=16 February 2023|agency=NHK News|date=16 February 2023|archive-date=17 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217041330/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20230216_03/|url-status=live}} Broad fissures appeared on roads.{{cite news|title=Depremde yol yarıldı araçlar içine düştü|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/depremde-yol-yarildi-araclar-icine-dustu-7585244/|access-date=9 February 2023|agency=Sözcü|date=8 February 2023|archive-date=10 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210105545/https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/depremde-yol-yarildi-araclar-icine-dustu-7585244/|url-status=live}} During recovery efforts, body parts were often found in the rubble.{{cite news|last1=Tondo|first1=L.|last2=Narlı|first2=D. B.|last3=Michaelson|first3=R.|last4=Hezaber|first4=H.|title=No room for the dead as cemeteries in earthquake-hit Turkey and Syria fill up|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/10/cemeteries-earthquake-turkey-syria-fill-up|access-date=10 February 2023|work=The Guardian|date=10 February 2023|archive-date=23 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223093417/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/10/cemeteries-earthquake-turkey-syria-fill-up|url-status=live}}

In Adana, 12 buildings collapsed in the city center, 23 were badly damaged and 120 were moderately damaged.{{Cite web|title=Adana'da enkaz kaldırma çalışmaları bitti, geriye acı bir tablo kaldı|url=https://t24.com.tr/video/adana-da-enkaz-kaldirma-calismalari-bitti-geriye-aci-bir-tablo-kaldi,52354|language=tr|work=T24|date=15 February 2023|access-date=1 March 2023|archive-date=16 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216145946/https://t24.com.tr/video/adana-da-enkaz-kaldirma-calismalari-bitti-geriye-aci-bir-tablo-kaldi,52354|url-status=live}} Three apartments were among the buildings that were destroyed in the city;{{Cite web|date=6 February 2023|title=Adana Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanı Zeydan Karalar: 17 ve 14 katlı binalar yıkıldı|url=https://www.haberturk.com/zeydan-karalar-17-ve-14-katli-binalar-yikildi-3562710|publisher=Habertürk|language=tr|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=28 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228001057/https://www.haberturk.com/zeydan-karalar-17-ve-14-katli-binalar-yikildi-3562710|url-status=live}} the collapse of the 14-storey Alpargün Apartment in Çukurova resulted in 96 deaths.{{cite news|title=Adana'da depremde 96 kişinin öldüğü apartmanın müteahhidine 62 kez müebbet ve 865 yıl hapis|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/adanada-depremde-96-kisinin-oldugu-apartmanin-muteahhidine-62-kez-muebbet-ve-865-yil-hapis/3343377|language=tr|date=27 August 2024|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=Anadolu Agency}}{{cite news|title=The owners of the Alpargün Apartment, which is the grave of about 50 people, fled to the TRNC: They were banned from leaving the country!|url=https://www.kibrispostasi.com/c140-DAILY_NEWS/n460145-the-owners-of-the-alpargun-apartment-which-is-the-grave-of-about-50-people-fled-to-the-trnc-they-were-banned-from-leaving-the-country|language=en|date=10 February 2023|access-date=28 December 2024|newspaper=Kıbrıs Postası}} Across Adana Province, damage assessments revealed 59 buildings, 1,274 apartments and 2,952 houses were destroyed, severely damaged or required demolition.

At least 300 buildings were razed in Malatya. Sixty percent of the city's buildings received damage. Nearly every neighborhood of the city was affected by collapsed buildings. Out of the 968 mosques in the city, 25 were destroyed and 420 others were damaged.{{Cite web|title=Deprem 968 Camiden 420'sine Hasar Verdi, 25'i Yıkıldı|url=https://malatyahaber.com/haber/depremlerde-25-cami-yikildi-3-din-gorevlisi-hayatini-kaybetti|agency=Malatya Haber|date=3 March 2023|access-date=10 April 2023|language=tr|archive-date=10 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410134627/https://malatyahaber.com/haber/depremlerde-25-cami-yikildi-3-din-gorevlisi-hayatini-kaybetti|url-status=live}} Two hotels collapsed in Malatya, causing many casualties. The ceiling of Malatya Erhaç Airport experienced a partial collapse,{{cite news|last1=Barut|first1=D.|date=6 February 2023|title=Malatya üşüyor: Hava soğuyor, yardım yetersiz|language=tr|trans-title=Malatya is getting cold: It's getting cold, help is not enough|agency=Gazete Duvar|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/malatya-usuyor-hava-soguyor-yardim-yetersiz-haber-1601990|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207013821/https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/malatya-usuyor-hava-soguyor-yardim-yetersiz-haber-1601990|url-status=live}} as did the historic Yeni Camii mosque.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Yıkıldık Türkiyem|trans-title=We're Destroyed My Turkey|publisher=Karar|language=tr|url=https://www.karar.com/guncel-haberler/yikildik-turkiyem-1726529|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002654/https://www.karar.com/guncel-haberler/yikildik-turkiyem-1726529|url-status=live}} Damage was also reported at the Arslantepe Mound.{{Cite web|last=Akin|first=Ezgi|date=10 February 2023|title=Prehistoric world heritage site Gobekli Tepe survives Turkey earthquakes|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/02/prehistoric-world-heritage-site-gobekli-tepe-survives-turkey-earthquakes|access-date=14 February 2023|publisher=Al-Monitor|archive-date=20 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220111033/https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/02/prehistoric-world-heritage-site-gobekli-tepe-survives-turkey-earthquakes|url-status=live}} In Akçadağ, 29 people died, 93 were injured, 32 buildings collapsed and 78 were seriously damaged.{{Cite web|title=Depremde Akçadağ'da 29 Kişi Öldü, 32 Bina Yıkıldı|url=https://malatyahaber.com/haber/depremde-akcadagda-da-can-kaybi-ve-yikim-oldu|agency=Malatya Haber|date=13 February 2023|access-date=1 January 2025|language=tr}} At least 263 deaths were reported in Doğanşehir,{{Cite web|agency=Sonsöz|title=Depremde Hayatını Kaybedenlerin İsimleri|url=https://www.malatyasonsoz.com.tr/haber/depremde-hayatini-kaybedenlerin-isimleri-391172.html|language=tr|access-date=26 March 2023|date=24 February 2023|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326171546/https://www.malatyasonsoz.com.tr/haber/depremde-hayatini-kaybedenlerin-isimleri-391172.html|url-status=live}} where roughly 6,000 of the 12,000 buildings collapsed or suffered heavy damage.{{cite news|title=Doğanşehir'de 12 bin yapıdan 6 bini yıkıldı veya ağır hasar aldı|url=https://www.trthaber.com/haber/turkiye/dogansehirde-12-bin-yapidan-6-bini-yikildi-veya-agir-hasar-aldi-748151.html|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=TRT Haber|date=22 February 2023|language=tr}}

Across Gaziantep Province, 12,964 buildings, 31,522 apartments and 29,155 houses collapsed, were severely damaged or required demolition, while 486,779 other structures, including 256,748 houses, 196,199 apartments and 33,832 buildings had been damaged. Many historical sites were severely damaged, such as Gaziantep Castle,{{Cite web|last=Marcus|first=Lilit|date=6 February 2023|title=Ancient castle used by Romans and Byzantines destroyed in Turkey earthquake|url=https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/gaziantep-castle-destroyed-turkey-earthquake/index.html|access-date=6 February 2023|publisher=CNN|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206142358/https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/gaziantep-castle-destroyed-turkey-earthquake/index.html/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|last=Gures|first=Murat|date=5 February 2023|title=Live Updates: Powerful Quake Kills Hundreds in Turkey and Syria|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/02/06/world/turkey-earthquake/aacc52e8-d3fb-5ef5-8297-7579f733a1ff|access-date=5 February 2023|website=The New York Times|archive-date=28 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228001057/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/02/06/world/turkey-earthquake/aacc52e8-d3fb-5ef5-8297-7579f733a1ff|url-status=live}} Şirvani Mosque and Liberation Mosque.{{cite web|last1=Boncuk|first1=Mehmet|title=Tarihi cami depremde hasar gördü|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/gaziantep/2023/02/06/tarihi-cami-depremde-hasar-gordu|website=Sabah|access-date=8 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208212847/https://www.sabah.com.tr/gaziantep/2023/02/06/tarihi-cami-depremde-hasar-gordu|url-status=live}} The city recorded 16,211 collapses and buildings which were severely damaged or required demolition.{{Cite web|url=https://www.sondakika.com/politika/haber-erdogan-gaziantep-te-37-bin-645-bolumden-olusan-15650370/|title=Erdoğan: Gaziantep'te 37 Bin 645 Bölümden Oluşan 16 Bin 211 Bina Yıkık, Acil Yıkılacak ve Ağır Hasarlı|access-date=29 April 2023|date=21 February 2023|language=tr|agency=Son Dakika|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317100622/https://www.sondakika.com/politika/haber-erdogan-gaziantep-te-37-bin-645-bolumden-olusan-15650370/|archive-date=17 March 2023|url-status=live}} In the city center, at least 154 people died after a four-story building collapsed; four other collapsed buildings left another 102 dead.{{Cite web|url=https://www.aydinlik.com.tr/haber/gaziantepte-256-kisinin-can-verdigi-sitede-ihmaller-zinciri-ayse-mehmet-polat-sitesi-nicin-yikildi-ihmal-var-miydi-kotu-iscilik-ornegi-kalitesiz-beton-370262|title=Gaziantep'te 256 kişinin can verdiği sitede ihmaller zinciri|access-date=29 April 2023|date=23 February 2023|language=tr|agency=Aydınlik|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317175725/https://www.aydinlik.com.tr/haber/gaziantepte-256-kisinin-can-verdigi-sitede-ihmaller-zinciri-ayse-mehmet-polat-sitesi-nicin-yikildi-ihmal-var-miydi-kotu-iscilik-ornegi-kalitesiz-beton-370262|archive-date=17 March 2023|url-status=live}} In Nizip, at least 51 people were killed when a six-story apartment building collapsed.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ahaber.com.tr/yasam/2023/02/18/gaziantepte-51-kisiye-mezar-olan-furkan-apartmaninda-cileden-cikaran-olay-1-kolon-hayatlarini-karartti|title=Gaziantep'te 51 kişiye mezar olan Furkan Apartmanı'nda çileden çıkaran olay! 1 kolon hayatlarını kararttı|date=18 March 2023|access-date=29 April 2023|language=tr|work=A Haber|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317150122/https://www.ahaber.com.tr/yasam/2023/02/18/gaziantepte-51-kisiye-mezar-olan-furkan-apartmaninda-cileden-cikaran-olay-1-kolon-hayatlarini-karartti|archive-date=17 March 2023|url-status=live}} Gaziantep Oğuzeli Airport was forced to restrict its service to rescue flights.

In Nurdağı, nearly 2,500 people died and about 50 percent of the houses were badly damaged or destroyed. An additional 30 percent of its building stock received moderate damage.{{Cite news|first=Halil|last=Fidan|publisher=Anadolu Agency|title=Gaziantep'in Nurdağı ilçesinde arama kurtarma çalışmaları tamamlandı|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/gaziantepin-nurdagi-ilcesinde-arama-kurtarma-calismalari-tamamlandi/2820728|date=15 February 2023|access-date=27 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227004539/https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/gaziantepin-nurdagi-ilcesinde-arama-kurtarma-calismalari-tamamlandi/2820728|url-status=live}} Mass graves were created to bury the overwhelming number of dead. The collapse of one apartment building in the district center killed 150 people. Ninety percent of houses were heavily damaged or destroyed in Sakçagözü, and 256 people died.{{Cite web|title=Kahreden bilanço! Depremin vurduğu köyde 256 kişi öldü|url=https://www.haberturk.com/depremin-vurdugu-koyde-256-kisi-oldu-3566140?page=2|language=tr|agency=Haberturk|date=16 February 2023|access-date=1 February 2023|archive-date=6 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306170645/https://www.haberturk.com/depremin-vurdugu-koyde-256-kisi-oldu-3566140?page=2|url-status=live}} On 13 February, it was announced that due to the extreme damage observed in Nurdağı, that all buildings in the district would be demolished and rebuilt.{{Cite news|date=13 February 2023|title=Yıkıcı depremin ardından Nurdağı tamamen yıkılacak|language=tr|publisher=NTV|url=https://www.ntv.com.tr/turkiye/yikici-depremin-ardindan-nurdagi-tamamen-yikilacak,Y84qKGbRwEGRelklP00A_g|access-date=1 January 2025}} In İslahiye, there were 1,368 deaths, over 1,500 injuries and more than 200 destroyed apartments.{{Cite web|title=1368 kişinin hayatını kaybettiği İslahiye'de arama kurtarma çalışmaları sona erdi|url=https://www.turkiyegazetesi.com.tr/gundem/1368-kisinin-hayatini-kaybettigi-islahiyede-arama-kurtarma-calismalari-sona-erdi-949909|work=Türkiye|date=15 February 2023|access-date=26 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326111718/https://www.turkiyegazetesi.com.tr/gundem/1368-kisinin-hayatini-kaybettigi-islahiyede-arama-kurtarma-calismalari-sona-erdi-949909|url-status=live}} There were over 130 deaths in Sulumağara; 200 in Altınüzüm; and 300–400 in Keküklü.{{Cite web|title=MARAŞ DEPREM – Antep İslahiye yardım bekliyor|url=https://www.rudaw.net/turkish/middleeast/turkey/0802202310|agency=Rudaw Media Network|date=8 February 2023|access-date=28 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328011001/https://www.rudaw.net/turkish/middleeast/turkey/0802202310|url-status=live}} Six train carriages at a maintenance station overturned, after rockslides obstructed a railroad near Fevzipaşa Railway Station.{{cite news|title=Gaziantep'te, depremde 6 tren devrildi, kayalar raylara düştü|trans-title=In Gaziantep, 6 trains overturned in the earthquake, the rocks fell on the rails|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/gaziantepte-depremde-6-tren-devrildi-kayalar-raylara-dustu-42218880|access-date=1 January 2025|work=Hürriyet Daily News|date=13 February 2023|language=tr}}

File:2023 Turkey Earthquake Damage 2.jpg]]

File:Destruction in Turkish city of Antakya ESA24720887.gif]]

In Hatay Province, 13,517 buildings collapsed, 8,162 required demolition and 67,346 were heavily damaged,{{cite news|title=Hatay earthquake report released: 89,025 buildings lost|url=https://www.gerceknews.com/turkey-syria-earthquake/hatay-earthquake-report-released-89025-buildings-lost-219542h|access-date=23 April 2023|agency=Gercek News|date=8 April 2023|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423110912/https://www.gerceknews.com/turkey-syria-earthquake/hatay-earthquake-report-released-89025-buildings-lost-219542h|url-status=live}} along with 215,255 houses. The districts of Antakya, Kırıkhan and İskenderun were the most affected.{{cite news|title=Hatay'da son durum: '2 bine yakın yıkılmış bina var, kayıplarımız çok fazla'|trans-title=The latest situation in Hatay: 'There are nearly 2,000 destroyed buildings, our losses are too high'|url=https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/ce4yl2gw8dqo|access-date=7 February 2023|publisher=BBC News|date=6 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207011738/https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/ce4yl2gw8dqo|url-status=dead}} In Antakya, 70 percent of homes{{cite news|last1=Inanc|first1=Yusuf Selman|title=Turkey earthquake: In Antakya, survivors stumble through city reduced to ruin|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/turkey-earthquake-antakya-scenes-devastation-despair|access-date=11 April 2023|agency=Middle East Eye|date=10 February 2023|archive-date=11 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411224933/https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/turkey-earthquake-antakya-scenes-devastation-despair|url-status=live}} and 6,369 buildings collapsed, 3,734 had to be demolished and 21,830 were badly damaged. The runway at Hatay Airport was split and uplifted, causing flight cancellations.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Deprem Hatay'da havalimanının pistini yardı|language=tr|trans-title=The earthquake broke the runway of the airport in Hatay|publisher=NTV|url=https://www.ntv.com.tr/video/turkiye/deprem-hatayda-havalimaninin-pistini-yardi,v-wtlTZEMU20zM4vlWQxFA|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206075702/https://www.ntv.com.tr/video/turkiye/deprem-hatayda-havalimaninin-pistini-yardi,v-wtlTZEMU20zM4vlWQxFA|url-status=live}} The Ankara Metropolitan Municipality completed repairs on the airport on 12 February,{{Cite news|date=8 February 2023|title=Mansur Yavaş: 'Hatay Havalimanı'nın uçuşlara açılması için çalışmalara başladık'|trans-title=Mansur Yavaş: 'We have started work to open Hatay Airport to flights'|work=Cumhuriyet|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/mansur-yavas-hatay-havalimaninin-ucuslara-acilmasi-icin-calismalara-basladik-2049520|access-date=8 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208102728/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/mansur-yavas-hatay-havalimaninin-ucuslara-acilmasi-icin-calismalara-basladik-2049520|url-status=live}} allowing its reopening.{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/turkey-syria-earthquake-updates-2-12-23-intl#h_52b11031b4b2b86e9b48ddce43ea8bd3|title=Hatay airport in Turkey resumes operations following deadly earthquake|last1=Sariyuce|first1=Isil|last2=Liakos|first2=Chris|publisher=CNN|date=12 February 2023|access-date=12 February 2023|archive-date=16 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216100359/https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/turkey-syria-earthquake-updates-2-12-23-intl/h_52b11031b4b2b86e9b48ddce43ea8bd3|url-status=live}} Two provincial hospitals and a police station were destroyed,{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Hatay'da iki devlet hastanesi depremde yıkıldı|language=tr|trans-title=Two state hospitals in Hatay were destroyed in the earthquake|agency=Diken|url=https://www.diken.com.tr/hatayda-iki-devlet-hastanesi-depremde-yikildi/|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206073302/https://www.diken.com.tr/hatayda-iki-devlet-hastanesi-depremde-yikildi/|url-status=live}} and a gas pipeline exploded.{{Cite web|title=Hatay'da depremin ardından doğal gaz boru hattı patladı|trans-title=After the earthquake in Hatay, the natural gas pipeline exploded|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/hatayda-depremin-ardindan-dogal-gaz-boru-hatti-patladi-42215611|access-date=6 February 2023|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=6 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206092344/https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/hatayda-depremin-ardindan-dogal-gaz-boru-hatti-patladi-42215611|url-status=live}} The building that housed the assembly of Hatay State was destroyed,{{Cite web|title=Hatay'daki yıkım SÖZCÜ muhabirinin objektifine böyle yansıdı|trans-title=This is how the destruction in Hatay was reflected in the lens of SÖZCÜ reporter|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/son-dakika-hataydaki-yikim-sozcu-muhabirinin-objektifine-boyle-yansidi-7583228/|access-date=7 February 2023|website=sozcu.com.tr|date=7 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207101756/https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/son-dakika-hataydaki-yikim-sozcu-muhabirinin-objektifine-boyle-yansidi-7583228/|url-status=live}} as was St. Paul's Church{{cite news|title=Major earthquakes hit country's historic sites|url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/major-earthquakes-hit-countrys-historic-sites-180778|access-date=14 February 2023|work=Hürriyet Daily News|date=11 February 2023|archive-date=22 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222025417/https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/major-earthquakes-hit-countrys-historic-sites-180778|url-status=live}} and the Habib'i Neccar Mosque, while damage occurred at the Antakya Synagogue{{cite news|title=Turkey earthquake: ancient monuments destroyed in cradle of civilisation|url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/middle-east/article/turkey-earthquake-ancient-monuments-destroyed-in-cradle-of-civilisation-vwlq8cqgc|access-date=14 February 2023|work=The Times|location=London|date=10 February 2023|archive-date=1 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301040402/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/turkey-earthquake-ancient-monuments-destroyed-in-cradle-of-civilisation-vwlq8cqgc|url-status=live}} and the Hatay Archaeology Museum. Several dozen buildings in Güzelburç district{{cite news|title=Deprem sonrası Hatay'dan gelen görüntüler kan dondurdu|trans-title=Images from Hatay after the earthquake froze blood|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/deprem-sonrasi-hataydan-gelen-goruntuler-kan-dondurdu-7582014/|access-date=7 February 2023|agency=Sözcü|date=7 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206152448/https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/deprem-sonrasi-hataydan-gelen-goruntuler-kan-dondurdu-7582014/|url-status=live}} and nearly every house in the central and Cebrail districts collapsed. Most of the squad and coaching staff of the local football club Hatayspor were initially trapped in the collapse of their headquarters in Antakya before being rescued, with player Christian Atsu and sporting director Taner Savut dying.{{Cite news|title=Footballer Atsu rescued from Turkey quake rubble|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/64552881|access-date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207090115/https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/64552881|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=Hatayspor Sporting Director Taner Savut found dead under debris|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/sports/football/hatayspor-sporting-director-taner-savut-found-dead-under-debris|access-date=21 February 2023|work=Daily Sabah|date=21 February 2023|archive-date=24 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230224062443/https://www.dailysabah.com/sports/football/hatayspor-sporting-director-taner-savut-found-dead-under-debris|url-status=live}} At least 982 buildings were destroyed, 8,894 others were badly damaged and 943 had to be demolished in Defne. In Reyhanlı, 318 buildings collapsed and 1,661 others were severely damaged or required demolition. In Kumlu, 131 buildings were destroyed, 738 others were severely damaged and 84 others required demolition. At least 58 buildings collapsed and 669 others were badly damaged or had to be demolished in Payas.

The collapse of the luxury Rönesans Rezidans apartment trapped an estimated 800 people,{{Cite news|date=7 February 2023|trans-title=The residence of the rich in Hatay completely collapsed. All new buildings. 800 people under the rubble|title=Hatay'da zenginlerin oturduğu rezidans komple çöktü. Hepsi yeni binalar. 800 kişi enkaz altında|url=https://www.yenicaggazetesi.com.tr/zenginlerin-oturdugu-rezidans-coktu-627143h.htm|access-date=21 February 2023|website=Yeniçağ|language=tr|archive-date=21 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221222614/https://www.yenicaggazetesi.com.tr/zenginlerin-oturdugu-rezidans-coktu-627143h.htm|url-status=live}} killing at least 269 and leaving 46 missing as presumed dead.{{cite news|first1=Safak|last1=Timur|last2=Hubbard|first2=Ben|title=Turkey Earthquake Trial Opens Amid Anger and Tears|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/19/world/europe/turkey-earthquake-trial.html|access-date=8 May 2024|work=The New York Times|date=19 April 2024}} In May 2023, an investigation by The New York Times found that inadequate design and safety lapses may have contributed to its collapse. An engineer revealed to the newspaper; "the building violated the basic tenets of engineering," after inspecting its blueprints. Contractors of the building said they adhered to building regulations but those were not enough against the earthquake.{{cite news|last1=Hubbard|first1=Ben|last2=Singhvi|first2=Anjali|last3=Glanz|first3=James|last4=Gröndahl|first4=Mika|last5=Ince|first5=Elif|last6=Eski|first6=Beril|last7=Timur|first7=Safak|title=Why One Upscale Apartment Building Became a Death Trap|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/05/11/world/europe/turkey-earthquake-apartment-building-collapse.html|access-date=8 May 2024|work=The New York Times|date=11 May 2023}}

The 13-storey apartment block consists of three closely spaced buildings linked externally, but not structurally; when the collapse occurred, all three buildings separated. The basement, two-storey parking space was considered the "strongest part" of the complex as it had more concrete walls than other parts of the structure. The building's exterior walls and those that separated units and rooms consisted of heavy masonry which may have prevented the structure from swaying and possibly held the building mostly intact despite toppling. The building was considered a soft story structure as the ground floor had fewer masonry walls which meant it was at greater risk of damage from seismic ground motion. Among other factors were that the core concrete columns which housed the elevator systems were situated along the north side which left the south side vulnerable without adequate support. Another reason was that beams emerging from either side of the building were misaligned and did not connect to each other. These features may have contributed to the building overturning onto its south side.

File:Blaze at Türkiye's Iskenderun port ESA24720932.gif]]

In İskenderun, Hatay Province, a large fire at the port was reported on 6 February at 17:00,{{cite news|title=Large fire, plume of smoke at Turkey's Iskenderun port -witnesses|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/large-fire-plume-smoke-turkeys-iskenderun-port-witnesses-2023-02-06/|access-date=7 February 2023|agency=Reuters|date=6 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207011536/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/large-fire-plume-smoke-turkeys-iskenderun-port-witnesses-2023-02-06/|url-status=live}} believed to have originated from a container carrying flammable industrial oil,{{cite news|title=Türkiye's Iskenderun port on fire after the quake, operations halted|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/turkey-syria-quake-turkiye-port-iskenderun-damaged-ships-diverting-maersk-3260616|access-date=8 February 2023|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208012846/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/turkey-syria-quake-turkiye-port-iskenderun-damaged-ships-diverting-maersk-3260616|url-status=live}} forcing the port's closure and the diversion of many ships. It was extinguished on 6{{cite news|title=Turkey: Fire extiguished at quake-damaged Iskenderun Port|url=https://www.dw.com/en/turkey-fire-extiguished-at-quake-damaged-iskenderun-port/a-64634017|access-date=8 February 2023|agency=DW News|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207224131/https://www.dw.com/en/turkey-fire-extiguished-at-quake-damaged-iskenderun-port/a-64634017|url-status=live}} and 8{{cite news|title=Fire at Iskenderun port extinguished|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/64533954|access-date=9 February 2023|publisher=BBC News|date=8 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208192005/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/64533954|url-status=live}} February, only for it to reignite the next day each time.{{cite news|title=Turkey-Syria earthquake: Death toll passes 9,000|url=https://www.dw.com/en/turkey-syria-earthquake-death-toll-passes-9000/a-64636583|access-date=8 February 2023|agency=DW News|date=8 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208084111/https://www.dw.com/en/turkey-syria-earthquake-death-toll-passes-9000/a-64636583|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=WATCH: Plane flies through smoke as port fire reignites|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-64565412|access-date=9 February 2023|publisher=BBC News|date=9 February 2023|archive-date=18 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218044515/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-64565412|url-status=live}} It was finally extinguished on 10 February.{{cite news|title=Fire extinguished at Turkey's Iskenderun port|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/fire-extinguished-turkeys-iskenderun-port-2023-02-10/|access-date=12 February 2023|agency=Reuters|date=10 February 2023|archive-date=12 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212130147/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/fire-extinguished-turkeys-iskenderun-port-2023-02-10/|url-status=live}} A total of 3,670 containers were destroyed by the fire and the port managing authority said it would take three months for operations to resume.{{cite news|last1=Chambers|first1=Sam|title=Three months to get Iskenderun terminal operations back to normal|url=https://splash247.com/three-months-to-get-iskenderun-terminal-operations-back-to-normal/|access-date=20 February 2023|agency=Splash 247|date=20 February 2023|archive-date=20 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220201558/https://splash247.com/three-months-to-get-iskenderun-terminal-operations-back-to-normal/|url-status=live}} The city saw 534 buildings collapse, 337 requiring demolition and 4,622 receiving severe damage. Flooding occurred along the city shoreline, inundating streets up to {{cvt|200|m}} inland.{{cite news|title=Hatay'da şimdi sular yükseldi|trans-title=Now the waters have risen in Hatay|url=https://www.yeniakit.com.tr/haber/hatayda-simdi-sular-yukseldi-1731169.html|access-date=8 February 2023|agency=Yeni Akit Gazetesi|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208012856/https://www.yeniakit.com.tr/haber/hatayda-simdi-sular-yukseldi-1731169.html|url-status=live}} The Cathedral of the Annunciation, seat of the Roman Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Anatolia, was almost completely destroyed. At least 3,109 people died in the city and over 12,000 were injured.{{Cite news|title=3 bin 109 kişinin öldüğü İskenderun'da son durum|date=4 March 2023|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/3-bin-109-kisinin-oldugu-iskenderunda-son-durum-2057546|agency=Cumhuriyet|access-date=26 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326113523/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/3-bin-109-kisinin-oldugu-iskenderunda-son-durum-2057546|url-status=live}}

In Samandağ, 670 buildings collapsed, 9,212 were badly damaged or required demolition and 7,850 people died.{{cite web|title=Her gün ailesini kaybettiği yerde: 'Taşı alıp mezara koydu insanlar'|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/her-gun-ailesini-kaybettigi-yerde-tasi-alip-mezara-koydu-insanlar-haber-1607067|date=8 March 2023|language=tr|access-date=26 March 2023|agency=Gazete Duvar|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326164925/https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/her-gun-ailesini-kaybettigi-yerde-tasi-alip-mezara-koydu-insanlar-haber-1607067|url-status=live}} In Kırıkhan District, 1,886 buildings collapsed and 7,190 others were severely damaged or required demolition; the district recorded approximately 3,000 fatalities, 5,000 injuries and many more missing.{{cite web|title=Kırıkhanlılar hükümete kızgın, ‘halkımıza’ minnettar|url=https://yesilgazete.org/kirikhanlilar-hukumete-kizgin-halkimiza-minnettar/|date=13 February 2023|language=tr|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=Yeşil Gazete}} In the village of Bektashli, 49 people died after their homes collapsed due to severe rockfalls.{{cite web|title=Kırıkhan'da deprem kayaları yuvarladı! Köydeki 49 kişi hayatını kaybetti|url=https://www.haberturk.com/video/haber/izle/kirikhanda-deprem-kayalari-yuvarladi-koydeki-49-kisi-hayatini-kaybetti/797514|language=tr|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=Haberturk}} A section of the Kırıkhan-Reyhanlı highway near Akpınar was severely damaged and buckled.{{cite news|title=Depremin vurduğu Hatay'da dehşete düşüren görüntüler! Havalimanı pisti yarıldı, araçlar asfalttaki dev yarıklara düştü|url=https://www.mynet.com/depremin-vurdugu-hatay-da-dehsete-dusuren-goruntuler-havalimani-pisti-yarildi-araclar-asfalttaki-dev-yariklara-dustu-110107093945|language=tr|date=6 February 2023|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=Mynet}} In Erzin District, 31 buildings collapsed and 897 were heavily damaged or had to be demolished. However, there were no collapses or major damage in Erzin, the largest town in the district. Multiple factors including strict building codes prevented destruction. An estimated 20,000 people fled to Erzin, increasing its population by about 50 percent.{{cite web|title=The town that didn't collapse: How a tiny Turkish city avoided the earthquake's destruction|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/erzin-turkey-earthquake-building-collapse-construction-codes-rcna70733|date=15 February 2023|author=Kristina Jovanovski|access-date=26 February 2023|publisher=NBC News|archive-date=6 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306002638/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/erzin-turkey-earthquake-building-collapse-construction-codes-rcna70733|url-status=live}} At least 700 people died,{{Cite news|title=6 Şubat depremlerinden önce Hatay'ın 'Alaçatı'sı diye anılıyordu: Arsuz sığınak oldu|date=11 June 2023|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/6-subat-depremlerinden-once-hatayin-alacatisi-diye-aniliyordu-arsuz-siginak-oldu-2089514|agency=Cumhuriyet|access-date=1 January 2025|language=tr}} 187 buildings collapsed, 2,176 others were badly damaged and 194 others had to be demolished in Arsuz. However, like in Erzin, numerous people fled to the district, resulting in the district's population tripling by June 2023. At least 1,046 buildings collapsed and 3,452 others were severely damaged or had to be demolished in Hassa District, where 400 people were killed.{{cite web|title=Yozgat, Hassa’da yaraları sardı|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/yasam/yozgat-hassada-yaralari-sardi-6387524|agency=Sabah|date=9 March 2023|access-date=1 January 2025}} In Altınözü, 838 buildings were destroyed, 3,892 others were badly damaged and 650 others required demolition. There were 213 collapsed buildings and 1,453 others had been severely damaged or had to be demolished in Yayladağı. At least 139 buildings collapsed, 755 others were badly damaged and 87 others had to be demolished in Belen. In Dörtyol, 115 buildings were destroyed and 2,030 others had to be demolished or were severely damaged.

File:2023 Gaziantep-Kahramanmaraş earthquakes Osmaniye 01.png

Mass burials occurred in Kahramanmaraş{{cite news|title=Turkey resorts to mass burials after massive earthquake|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/world/middle-east/article/3209731/turkey-resorts-mass-burials-after-massive-earthquake|access-date=10 February 2023|agency=Tribune News Service|work=South China Morning Post|date=10 February 2023|archive-date=22 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222210114/https://www.scmp.com/news/world/middle-east/article/3209731/turkey-resorts-mass-burials-after-massive-earthquake|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/64533954/page/3|title=Rescuers work through night after Turkey quake kills thousands|publisher=BBC News|date=6 February 2023|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206132818/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/64533954/page/3|url-status=live}} for more than 5,000 bodies. A city official said the mass grave would eventually be the burial ground for 10,000 bodies.{{cite news|title=Turkey earthquake: More than 5,000 victims buried at city's mass cemetery as mourners scramble for more graves|url=https://www.wionews.com/world/turkey-earthquake-more-than-5000-victims-buried-at-citys-mass-cemetery-as-mourners-scramble-for-more-graves-561299|access-date=13 February 2023|publisher=WION|date=13 February 2023|archive-date=17 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217220200/https://www.wionews.com/world/turkey-earthquake-more-than-5000-victims-buried-at-citys-mass-cemetery-as-mourners-scramble-for-more-graves-561299|url-status=live}} Around 75 percent of the city's buildings were damaged or destroyed. In Türkoğlu, 1,171 buildings collapsed and 4,500 others required demolition.{{Cite news|title=Türkoğlu'nda depremzedelerin yaraları sarılıyor|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/turkoglunda-depremzedelerin-yaralari-sariliyor/2844369|publisher=Anadolu Agency|date=13 March 2023|access-date=17 April 2023|language=tr|archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417145617/https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/turkoglunda-depremzedelerin-yaralari-sariliyor/2844369|url-status=live}} At least 413 people were killed, 379 were injured and 872 buildings collapsed in Pazarcık District.{{cite news|date=25 March 2023|title=Adını dünyanın duyduğu ilçe: Pazarcık|language=tr|agency=Gazete Duvar|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/adini-dunyanin-duydugu-ilce-pazarcik-haber-1604403|access-date=1 January 2025}} At Ordekdede, a village in the district, 34 people died and almost all single-story buildings were decimated, with none of the village's 140 houses structurally stable.{{cite news|last1=Çallı|first1=Muhammed Enes|title=Twin earthquakes destroy village in Türkiye's Kahramanmaras province|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/turkiye/twin-earthquakes-destroy-village-in-turkiye-s-kahramanmaras-province/2826278|access-date=21 February 2023|publisher=Anadolu Agency|date=21 February 2023|archive-date=21 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221001720/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/turkiye/twin-earthquakes-destroy-village-in-turkiye-s-kahramanmaras-province/2826278|url-status=live}}

In Elbistan, 1,038 people died, 3,000 were injured{{Cite web|title=Elbistan depreminde kaç kişi öldü?|url=https://elbistanx.com/haber/19132673/elbistan-depreminde-kac-kisi-oldu|agency=ElbistanX|date=20 February 2023|access-date=1 January 2025}} and 2,000 buildings were destroyed.{{cite news|title=Deprem 2 bin binayı yıktı: Elbistan faysız yere taşınacak|trans-title=Earthquake destroyed 2 thousand buildings: Elbistan will be moved to faultless place|url=https://www.ntv.com.tr/turkiye/deprem-2-bin-binayi-yikti-elbistan-faysiz-yere-tasinacak,3AIlXSlKKEuhonSZcBJsBw|access-date=15 February 2023|publisher=NTV|date=15 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214230038/https://www.ntv.com.tr/turkiye/deprem-2-bin-binayi-yikti-elbistan-faysiz-yere-tasinacak,3AIlXSlKKEuhonSZcBJsBw|url-status=live}} At least 11 people died, 107 houses were destroyed and 70 percent of the building stock were damaged in Ekinözü.{{Cite news|title=Yer kaymasının en fazla yaşandığı Ekinözü'nde yaralar sarılıyor|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/yer-kaymasinin-en-fazla-yasandigi-ekinozunde-yaralar-sariliyor/2827561|publisher=Anadolu Agency|date=22 February 2023|access-date=2 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=2 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302185634/https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/yer-kaymasinin-en-fazla-yasandigi-ekinozunde-yaralar-sariliyor/2827561|url-status=live}} In Afşin, at least 180 people died. At least 335 buildings including 90 in the city center were destroyed. The Afşin-Elbistan Thermal Power Plant was also damaged.{{Cite news|title=Afşîn'de deprem bilançosu: 180 can kaybı, 335 yıkım, 7 tutuklama|url=http://mezopotamyaajansi35.com/tum-haberler/content/view/198995|publisher=Mesopotamia Agency|date=19 February 2023|access-date=4 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=22 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022155557/http://mezopotamyaajansi35.com/tum-haberler/content/view/198995|url-status=live}} In Ericek, a village in Göksun, 95 percent of homes were affected and 152 died.{{Cite news|title=Depremde Göksun'daki Mahallede 152 kişi hayatını kaybetti!|url=https://www.maraspusula.com/depremde-goksundaki-mahallede-152-kisi-hayatini-kaybetti|agency=Maraş Pusula|date=23 March 2023|access-date=26 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326170008/https://www.maraspusula.com/depremde-goksundaki-mahallede-152-kisi-hayatini-kaybetti|url-status=live}} In Nurhak, there were around 200 deaths and all houses were severely damaged.{{Cite news|title=İki gün sonra yolu açılan Nurhak'ta en az 200 kişi yaşamını yitirdi|url=http://mezopotamyaajansi35.com/tum-haberler/content/view/197773|agency=Mezopotamya Ajansı|date=11 February 2023|access-date=26 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326170758/http://mezopotamyaajansi35.com/tum-haberler/content/view/197773|url-status=live}}

File:Kahramanmaraş after 7.8 magnitude earthquake in Türkiye 5.jpg

In Adıyaman Province, over 20,000 buildings and 56,256 houses were destroyed. In the city of Adıyaman, four neighborhoods were razed.{{cite news|last1=Bayar|first1=Ceren|last2=Alan|first2=Serkan|title=Adıyaman'da deprem: Bize makine lazım, makine, makine…|trans-title=Earthquake in Adıyaman: We need machinery, machinery, machinery…|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/adiyamanda-deprem-bize-makine-lazim-makine-makine-haber-1602241|access-date=9 March 2023|agency=Gazete Duvar|date=7 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208004159/https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/adiyamanda-deprem-bize-makine-lazim-makine-makine-haber-1602241|url-status=live}} Many buildings along Atatürk Boulevard collapsed.{{cite news|title=Adıyaman'da deprem öncesi ve sonrası araç kamerasında|trans-title=On the vehicle camera before and after the earthquake in Adıyaman|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/adiyamanda-deprem-oncesi-ve-sonrasi-arac-kamerasinda-2057935|access-date=9 March 2023|agency=Cumhuriyet|date=5 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=9 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309013538/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/adiyamanda-deprem-oncesi-ve-sonrasi-arac-kamerasinda-2057935|url-status=live}} The city hall, a 6th-century mosque and Gölbaşı District's state hospital were also destroyed.{{Cite web|title=Belediye binası moloza döndü|url=https://www.milliyet.com.tr/gundem/belediye-binasi-moloza-dondu-6899669|agency=Milliyet|date=7 February 2023|access-date=1 March 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207073549/https://www.milliyet.com.tr/gundem/belediye-binasi-moloza-dondu-6899669|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Adıyaman'da 20 kişi hayatını kaybetti, belediye binası yıkıldı|language=tr|agency=Medyascope|url=https://medyascope.tv/2023/02/06/deprem-bolgesinde-il-il-son-durum-adiyamanda-20-kisi-hayatini-kaybetti-belediye-binasi-yikildi/|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206170433/https://medyascope.tv/2023/02/06/deprem-bolgesinde-il-il-son-durum-adiyamanda-20-kisi-hayatini-kaybetti-belediye-binasi-yikildi/|url-status=live}} Isias Hotel, the largest hotel in the city, also collapsed, killing 65 people.{{Cite web|title=Kıbrıs Isias Otel'e karşı yargı sürecini takipte|language=tr|url=https://www.dw.com/tr/k%C4%B1br%C4%B1s-isias-otele-kar%C5%9F%C4%B1-yarg%C4%B1-s%C3%BCrecini-takipte/a-64778172|publisher=DW News|date=21 February 2023|access-date=14 March 2023|archive-date=21 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221162245/https://www.dw.com/tr/k%C4%B1br%C4%B1s-isias-otele-kar%C5%9F%C4%B1-yarg%C4%B1-s%C3%BCrecini-takipte/a-64778172}}{{Cite web|title=Depremde yıkılan oteller|url=https://www.turizmgazetesi.com/haber/depremde-yikilan-oteller/84273|agency=Turizm Gazetesi|date=7 February 2023|access-date=1 March 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208005934/https://www.turizmgazetesi.com/haber/depremde-yikilan-oteller/84273|url-status=live}} Up to 10 percent of Adıyaman's population perished.{{Cite web|title='We have no hope': Discontent grows over slow response to Turkey earthquakes|url=https://www.itv.com/news/2023-02-28/we-have-no-hope-discontent-grows-over-slow-response-to-turkey-earthquakes|publisher=ITV News|date=28 February 2023|access-date=3 March 2023|archive-date=7 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307130723/https://www.itv.com/news/2023-02-28/we-have-no-hope-discontent-grows-over-slow-response-to-turkey-earthquakes|url-status=live}} The mayor of Kömür said the Karapınar and Bahçelievler neighborhoods were nearly destroyed. In the nearby village of Yaylakonak, 270 of the 280 homes were destroyed and 107 people died, including 32 children.{{Cite web|title=Adıyaman'da Depremin Yok Ettiği Belde|url=https://www.voaturkce.com/a/adiyamanda-depremin-yok-ettigi-belde/7023251.html|date=27 March 2023|access-date=1 January 2025|publisher=VOA}}

Destruction also occurred in Barbaros, Sümerevler and Karapınar districts. In Harmanlı, Gölbaşı, 80–90 percent of it was destroyed.{{cite news|last1=Bulut|first1=Fırat|title=Pazarcık'ta deprem: Adıyaman ve Malatya'da ulaşılamayan yerler var|trans-title=Earthquake in Pazarcık: There are places that cannot be reached in Adıyaman and Malatya|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/pazarcikta-deprem-adiyaman-ve-malatyada-ulasilamayan-yerler-var-haber-1601879|access-date=9 March 2023|agency=Gazete Duvar|date=6 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208002924/https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/pazarcikta-deprem-adiyaman-ve-malatyada-ulasilamayan-yerler-var-haber-1601879|url-status=live}} The second earthquake destroyed three buildings in the province. In Gölbaşı, 71 percent of the town's infrastructure was damaged or destroyed and 695 people were killed with over 400 injured, including 286 deaths in the town center.{{Cite web|title=Depremlerin etkilediği Gölbaşı ilçesini ayağa kaldırmak için çalışmalar sürüyor|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/depremlerin-etkiledigi-golbasi-ilcesini-ayaga-kaldirmak-icin-calismalar-suruyor/2839067|date=7 March 2023|access-date=24 March 2023|publisher=Anadolu Agency|language=tr|archive-date=24 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324193039/https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/depremlerin-etkiledigi-golbasi-ilcesini-ayaga-kaldirmak-icin-calismalar-suruyor/2839067|url-status=live}} There were also 410 deaths in Besni District, about 90 percent of them in the town itself.{{Cite web|title=Arama kurtarma çalışmalarının sona erdirildiği Besni'de 410 kişinin hayatını kaybettiği bildirildi|url=https://www.evrensel.net/haber/482485/arama-kurtarma-calismalarinin-sona-erdirildigi-besnide-410-kisinin-hayatini-kaybettigi-bildirildi|agency=Evrensel|date=16 March 2023|access-date=26 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326161941/https://www.evrensel.net/haber/482485/arama-kurtarma-calismalarinin-sona-erdirildigi-besnide-410-kisinin-hayatini-kaybettigi-bildirildi|url-status=live}} At least 103 people were killed and dozens more were injured in Çelikhan District,{{cite news|title=Çelikhan ilçemiz ve köylerinde 103 ölü var|url=https://www.celikhanhaber.com/haber/celikhan-ilcemiz-ve-koylerinde-103-olu-var-626723.html|language=tr|date=3 March 2023|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=Çelikhan Haber}} including 11 in Avaspi{{cite news|title=Cenazelerin kolu ve bacağı yoktu: Kurtlar kapmasın diye uğraşıyorduk|url=https://artigercek.com/guncel/cenazelerin-kolu-ve-bacagi-yoktu-kurtlar-kapmasin-diye-ugrasiyorduk-239016h|language=tr|date=14 February 2023|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=Artigerçek}} and 10 in Pınarbaşı, Çelikhan. In Kurucuova village, 100 deaths and 10 missing were recorded{{cite news|title=Adıyaman - Bulam beldesine 8 öğrenci cenazesi gitti|url=https://www.rudaw.net/turkish/middleeast/turkey/0902202318|date=9 February 2023|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=Rudaw Media Network|language=tr}} while in Kâhta, 55 people died.{{Cite web|title=Milletvekili Kılınç'ın Kahta'da hastane izlenimleri: Hastalar taburcu edilemiyor, çünkü evleri yok|url=https://www.indyturk.com/node/608486/haber/milletvekili-k%C4%B1l%C4%B1n%C3%A7%C4%B1n-kahtada-hastane-izlenimleri-hastalar-taburcu-edilemiyor|newspaper=The Independent|date=8 February 2023|access-date=26 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326162757/https://www.indyturk.com/node/608486/haber/milletvekili-k%C4%B1l%C4%B1n%C3%A7%C4%B1n-kahtada-hastane-izlenimleri-hastalar-taburcu-edilemiyor|url-status=live}}

In Diyarbakir Province, 8,602 houses were severely damaged or destroyed, and 124,432 others were partially damaged. Additionally, 8,086 buildings were damaged, required demolition or collapsed. Diyarbakır Fortress, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was also partly destroyed.{{Cite web|date=7 February 2023|title=Massive Quakes in Turkey and Syria Damage Gaziantep Castle, Heritage Sites|url=https://www.artforum.com/news/massive-quakes-in-turkey-and-syria-damage-gaziantep-castle-heritage-sites-90104|access-date=8 February 2023|work=Artforum|archive-date=9 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209005616/https://www.artforum.com/news/massive-quakes-in-turkey-and-syria-damage-gaziantep-castle-heritage-sites-90104|url-status=live}} The adjacent World Heritage Site of Hevsel Gardens{{Cite web|date=9 February 2023|title=Turkey and Syria earthquakes: Travel warnings, what tourists need to know and where to donate|url=https://www.euronews.com/travel/2023/02/07/turkey-earthquakes-travel-warnings-appeals-and-what-tourists-need-to-know|access-date=9 February 2023|work=euronews|archive-date=21 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221105606/https://www.euronews.com/travel/2023/02/07/turkey-earthquakes-travel-warnings-appeals-and-what-tourists-need-to-know|url-status=live}} and St. George's Church were also damaged.{{cite news|title=Depremden Etkilenen İllerimizde Bulunan Müzelerimiz ve Dünya Miras Alanlarımıza İlişkin 9.2.2023 Tarihli Açıklama|url=https://kvmgm.ktb.gov.tr/TR-337947/depremden-etkilenen-illerimizde-bulunan-muzelerimiz-ve-dunya-miras-alanlarimiza-iliskin-922023-tarihli-aciklama.html|date=9 February 2023|access-date=1 January 2025|language=tr|publisher=General Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Museums}} Part of the Galeria complex in Yenişehir, which included a shopping mall and dozens of apartments collapsed, killing 89 and injuring 22.{{Cite news|title=Diyarbakır'daki Galeria Sitesi'nin 1 bloğu yıkım sırasında çöktü; o anlar kamerada|trans-title=1 block of Galeria Complex in Diyarbakır collapsed during demolition; those moments on camera|url=https://www.yenicaggazetesi.com.tr/diyarbakirdaki-galeria-sitesinin-1-blogu-yikim-sirasinda-coktu-o-anlar-kamerada-639744h.htm|agency=Yeniçağ|access-date=10 March 2023|date=10 March 2023|language=tr|archive-date=10 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310173145/https://www.yenicaggazetesi.com.tr/diyarbakirdaki-galeria-sitesinin-1-blogu-yikim-sirasinda-coktu-o-anlar-kamerada-639744h.htm|url-status=live}}

File:Aerial View of Islahiye after the 7.8 magnitude earthquake in Turkey.jpg

At least 466 buildings were heavily damaged in Şanlıurfa Province; 201 were destroyed. Structures around the Pool of Abraham were damaged. The minaret at the religious shrine partially collapsed, sending rubble into the pools below and discoloring the water, which was also contaminated by seeping sewage. In Eyyübiye District, the minaret of the Eyüp Prophet Mosque was damaged and removed.{{cite news|last1=Tosun|first1=Mehmet|last2=Kutbe|first2=Harun|title=Cumhurbaşkanı Yardımcısı Oktay: Kilis ve Şanlıurfa'da arama kurtarma çalışmaları tamamlandı|trans-title=Vice President Oktay: Search and rescue efforts in Kilis and Şanlıurfa have been completed|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-yardimcisi-oktay-kilis-ve-sanliurfada-arama-kurtarma-calismalari-tamamlandi/2813828|access-date=9 March 2023|publisher=Anadolu Agency|date=9 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214174922/https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-yardimcisi-oktay-kilis-ve-sanliurfada-arama-kurtarma-calismalari-tamamlandi/2813828|url-status=live}} Thirty-three people were killed in the collapse of the Osman Ağan Apartment.{{Cite web|title=Şanlıurfa'da 33 kişinin öldüğü binayla ilgili 11 gözaltı|trans-title=11 detentions related to the building where 33 people died in Şanlıurfa|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/ekonomi/sanliurfada-depremde-yikilan-binalarla-ilgili-8-gozalti-7588429/|agency=Sözcü|date=11 February 2023|language=tr|access-date=10 March 2023|archive-date=10 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310104937/https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/ekonomi/sanliurfada-depremde-yikilan-binalarla-ilgili-8-gozalti-7588429/|url-status=live}}

In Osmaniye Province, of the 22,841 buildings surveyed, 2,531 were heavily damaged, destroyed or required demolition. Additionally, 16,111 houses collapsed or were badly damaged. Nearly half of the affected buildings were included in Osmaniye city, where 1,088 of the 13,667 buildings examined in Merkez District were destroyed, seriously damaged or needed to be demolished.{{cite news|title=Depremde en çok hasarlı ilçeler Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığınca belirlendi|trans-title=The most damaged districts in the earthquake were determined by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change|url=https://www.yenisafak.com/depremde-en-cok-hasar-ilceler-hangileri-hangi-ilcede-ne-kadar-yikik-bina-var-az-orta-agir-hasarli-yikil-acil-yikilacak-bina-sayisi-kac-h-4507993|access-date=9 March 2023|agency=Yeni Şafak|date=15 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=16 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216110143/https://www.yenisafak.com/depremde-en-cok-hasar-ilceler-hangileri-hangi-ilcede-ne-kadar-yikik-bina-var-az-orta-agir-hasarli-yikil-acil-yikilacak-bina-sayisi-kac-h-4507993|url-status=live}} In Düziçi, 192 buildings were destroyed or required demolition, with the collapse of a single building killing 41 people, including 29 Syrians.{{Cite web|date=8 February 2023|title=Düziçi'nde 41 vatandaş gözyaşları arasında toprağa verildi|url=https://www.haberturk.com/duzici-nde-41-vatandas-gozyaslari-arasinda-topraga-verildi-3563714|publisher=Habertürk|language=tr|access-date=28 December 2024}} Many additional buildings were also destroyed or needed to be demolished in the province, including 174 in Bahçe, 111 in Kadirli, 87 in Hasanbeyli, 19 in Toprakkale and 13 in Sumbas.{{cite news|title=Depremin etkilediği Osmaniye'de en fazla yıkım kent merkezinde gerçekleşti|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/depremin-etkiledigi-osmaniyede-en-fazla-yikim-kent-merkezinde-gerceklesti/2868167#|publisher=Anadolu Agency|date=10 April 2023|language=tr|author=Muzaffer Çağlıyaner|access-date=1 January 2025}}

In Kilis Province, 448 buildings were destroyed and 138 others were heavily damaged,{{Cite web|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/kiliste-enkaz-altinda-kimse-kalmadi-42216692|title=Kilis'te enkaz altında kimse kalmadı|access-date=1 March 2023|date=8 February 2023|work=Hürriyet Daily News|archive-date=9 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209055641/https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/kiliste-enkaz-altinda-kimse-kalmadi-42216692|url-status=live}} along with 2,514 houses. Karamelik was the worst-affected area, with virtually the entire village being razed to the ground and cars being buried beneath collapsed houses.{{cite news|title=Murat Karataş Köy ziyaretlerine devam etti! Depremde yıkımın en büyük olduğu Karamelik köyüne gitti|url=https://www.vizyonhavadis.com/mobil/haber/murat-karatas-koy-ziyaretlerine-devam-etti-depremde-yikimin-en-buyuk-oldugu-karamelik-koyune-gitti-51318.html|language=tr|date=15 February 2023|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=Vizyon Havadis}} Damage assessments in Elazığ Province showed that 10,156 households and 664 buildings collapsed or were severely damaged, with minor-to-moderate damage being recorded in 32,673 homes; One of the damaged buildings collapsed in the second earthquake.{{Cite web|title=Elazığ'da depremde hasar gördüğü için boşaltılan bina çöktü|trans-title=The building, which was evacuated because it was damaged in the earthquake in Elazig, collapsed|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/elazigda-depremde-hasar-gordugu-icin-bosaltilan-bina-coktu/2808199|website=aa.com.tr|language=tr|date=6 February 2023|access-date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207033100/https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/elazigda-depremde-hasar-gordugu-icin-bosaltilan-bina-coktu/2808199|url-status=live}} Compared to neighboring provinces, damage and casualties were much less severe as most of the buildings in Elazığ received updated guidelines after the 2020 Elazığ earthquake.{{Cite web|title=Depremin ardından: Adana, Elazığ, Kilis, Şanlıurfa|url=https://medyascope.tv/2024/02/06/depremin-ardindan-adana-elazig-kilis-sanliurfa/|language=tr|date=6 February 2024|access-date=1 January 2025|agency=Medyascope}}

In Batman Province, 218 buildings were damaged and 15 more collapsed.{{Cite web|title=Batman'da 15 bina ağır hasar aldı|url=https://www.haberturk.com/son-dakika-batman-da-15-bina-agir-hasar-aldi-3564140|agency=Haberturk|date=9 January 2023|language=tr|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214232931/https://www.haberturk.com/son-dakika-batman-da-15-bina-agir-hasar-aldi-3564140|url-status=live}} In Mardin Province, 59 buildings were heavily damaged and another 190 were slightly damaged{{Cite web|title=Mardin´de 59 yapı ağır hasarlı çıktı|trans-title=59 buildings were heavily damaged in Mardin|url=https://www.haberturk.com/mardinde-59-yapi-agir-hasarli-cikti-3565391|agency=Haberturk|date=13 February 2023|language=tr|access-date=13 April 2023|archive-date=13 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413231610/https://www.haberturk.com/mardinde-59-yapi-agir-hasarli-cikti-3565391|url-status=live}} and a death related to a heart attack occurred in Kızıltepe District.{{Cite web|title=Mardin'de deprem sırasında kalp krizi geçiren Pelin öğretmen hayatını kaybetti|trans-title=Pelin teacher died of a heart attack during the earthquake in Mardin|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gunun-icinden/mardinde-deprem-sirasinda-kalp-krizi-geciren-pelin-ogretmen-hayatini-kaybetti-7582348/|agency=Sözcü|date=6 January 2023|language=tr|access-date=7 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206174631/https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gunun-icinden/mardinde-deprem-sirasinda-kalp-krizi-geciren-pelin-ogretmen-hayatini-kaybetti-7582348/|url-status=live}} In Bingöl Province, several houses cracked and some livestock were killed by collapsing barns.{{Cite web|title=Deprem Bingöl'de Hasara Neden Oldu|trans-title=Earthquake Caused Damage in Bingol|url=https://www.bingolonline.com/haber/deprem-bingolde-de-hasara-neden-oldu-77768.html|website=bingolonline.com|date=6 February 2023|language=tr|access-date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207032038/https://www.bingolonline.com/haber/deprem-bingolde-de-hasara-neden-oldu-77768.html|url-status=live}} In Samsun, damage occurred in Samsun Stadium.{{Cite web|title=19 Mayıs Stadı'nda 'Depremin İzleri'|trans-title='Traces of the Earthquake' at 19 Mayıs Stadium|url=https://www.hedefhalk.com/19-mayis-stadi-nda-depremin-izleri/1713528/|agency=Hedefhalk|date=19 February 2023|access-date=19 February 2023|archive-date=20 February 2023|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230220014012/https://www.hedefhalk.com/19-mayis-stadi-nda-depremin-izleri/1713528/|url-status=live}} In Kayseri Province, eight buildings collapsed, while 5,252 others were damaged to some extent.{{Cite web|title=Son Dakika! Valilik açıkladı: Kayseri'de ağır hasarlı bina sayısı 1148|url=https://www.canligaste.com/son-dakika-valilik-acikladi-kayseri-de-agir-hasarli-bina-sayisi-1148/325676/|language=tr|date=29 March 2023|access-date=29 April 2023|agency=Canıl Gaste|archive-date=29 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429140228/https://www.canligaste.com/amp/haber/son-dakika-valilik-acikladi-kayseri-de-agir-hasarli-bina-sayisi-1148/325676/%26ved%3D2ahUKEwjowpConc_-AhU3gP0HHcVTBUQQFnoECBYQAQ%26usg%3DAOvVaw1mqIP8R2K88HYp9H_ok46r|url-status=live}} Several houses were damaged and a barn collapsed in Muş Province.{{Cite web|title=Deprem sonrası Muş'ta bir köyde bir ahır çöktü, evlerde hasar oluştu|url=https://www.dha.com.tr/yerel-haberler/mus/merkez/deprem-sonrasi-musta-bir-koyde-bir-ahir-coktu-2201778|agency=Demirören News Agency|language=tr|access-date=22 February 2023|date=6 February 2023|archive-date=22 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222200001/https://www.dha.com.tr/yerel-haberler/mus/merkez/deprem-sonrasi-musta-bir-koyde-bir-ahir-coktu-2201778|url-status=live}} In Sivas Province, the second earthquake destroyed a few houses.{{Cite web|title=Kahramanmaraş merkezli deprem Sivas'ta da hasara yol açtı|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/kahramanmaras-merkezli-deprem-sivasta-da-hasara-yol-acti-2048769|date=6 February 2023|access-date=23 February 2023|agency=Cumhuriyet|language=tr|archive-date=23 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223000909/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/kahramanmaras-merkezli-deprem-sivasta-da-hasara-yol-acti-2048769|url-status=live}} In Giresun Province, a five-story building was damaged and evacuated.{{Cite web|title=Depremin hissedildiği Giresun'da hasarlı bina boşaltıldı|url=https://www.haber61.net/depremin-hissedildigi-giresunda-hasarli-bina-bosaltildi|date=6 February 2023|access-date=23 February 2023|agency=Haber61|language=tr|archive-date=23 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223001803/https://www.haber61.net/depremin-hissedildigi-giresunda-hasarli-bina-bosaltildi|url-status=live}}

The dead included member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey for Adıyaman Yakup Taş,{{Cite web|title=Son Dakika: AKP milletvekili Yakup Taş yaşamını yitirdi|trans-title=Last Minute: AKP deputy Yakup Taş passed away|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/siyaset/son-dakika-akp-milletvekili-yakup-tas-yasamini-yitirdi-2049186|access-date=7 February 2023|website=cumhuriyet.com.tr|language=tr|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207125556/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/siyaset/son-dakika-akp-milletvekili-yakup-tas-yasamini-yitirdi-2049186|url-status=live}} Yeni Malatyaspor goalkeeper Ahmet Eyüp Türkaslan,{{cite news|title=Yılmaz Vural yayında açıkladı: Ahmet Eyüp Türkaslan'ın cansız bedenine ulaşıldı|trans-title=Yılmaz Vural announced on the air: The lifeless body of Ahmet Eyüp Türkaslan was found|url=https://www.ntvspor.net/futbol/yeni-malatyaspor-kalecisi-ahmet-eyup-turkaslan-in-cansiz-bedenine-ulasildi-63e2720e0d0b57102060ec33|access-date=7 February 2023|publisher=NTV Spor|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207161416/https://www.ntvspor.net/futbol/yeni-malatyaspor-kalecisi-ahmet-eyup-turkaslan-in-cansiz-bedenine-ulasildi-63e2720e0d0b57102060ec33|url-status=live}} former Turkish national handball team player Cemal Kütahya and his five-year-old son,{{Cite web|title=Rönesans Rezidans'taki Hentbol Milli Takımı Kaptanı Cemal Kütahya ve ailesi için umutlu bekleyiş sürüyor|url=https://www.cnnturk.com/spor/diger-sporlar/ronesans-residancetaki-hentbol-milli-takimi-kaptani-cemal-kutahya-ve-ailesi-icin-umutlu-bekleyis-suruyor|access-date=16 February 2023|publisher=CNN TÜRK|date=10 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=10 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210093646/https://www.cnnturk.com/spor/diger-sporlar/ronesans-residancetaki-hentbol-milli-takimi-kaptani-cemal-kutahya-ve-ailesi-icin-umutlu-bekleyis-suruyor|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=14 February 2023|title=Handball captain dies in earthquake in Türkiye's southeast|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/sports/handball-captain-dies-in-earthquake-in-turkiyes-southeast/news|access-date=15 February 2023|website=Daily Sabah|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215074551/https://www.dailysabah.com/sports/handball-captain-dies-in-earthquake-in-turkiyes-southeast/news|url-status=live}} and Saul Cenudioğlu, leader of the Jewish community in Antakya, who died along with his wife. Former MP for Kahramanmaraş Sıtkı Güvenç died from earthquake injuries on 9 February.{{Cite web|work=Gazete Duvar|date=2 September 2023|title=Eski vekil Sıtkı Güvenç depremde vefat etti|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/eski-vekil-sitki-guvenc-depremde-vefat-etti-haber-1602635|access-date=11 February 2023|trans-title=Former deputy Sıtkı Güvenç passed away in the earthquake|language=tr|archive-date=10 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210033826/https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/eski-vekil-sitki-guvenc-depremde-vefat-etti-haber-1602635|url-status=live}} Three Turkish soldiers died during rescue operations.{{Cite news|title=TSK deprem bölgesine "hava yardım koridoru" kurdu|trans-title=Turkish Armed Forces established an "air aid corridor" in the earthquake zone|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/tsk-deprem-bolgesine-hava-yardim-koridoru-kurdu/2807784|date=6 February 2023|publisher=Anadolu Agency|language=tr|access-date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207020012/https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/tsk-deprem-bolgesine-hava-yardim-koridoru-kurdu/2807784|url-status=live}} Twenty-six local journalists,{{Cite news|last1=Erkilik|first1=O.|last2=Yazicioglu|first2=Y.|last3=Bozarslan|first3=M.|last4=Sahinkaya|first4=E.|date=2 March 2023|title=Earthquake Deals Another Blow to Turkey's Struggling Local Media|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/earthquake-deals-another-blow-to-turkey-s-struggling-local-media/6987128.html|access-date=3 March 2023|publisher=Voice of America|archive-date=2 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302212314/https://www.voanews.com/amp/earthquake-deals-another-blow-to-turkey-s-struggling-local-media/6987128.html|url-status=live}} four doctors,{{Cite news|url=https://tele1.com.tr/deprem-bolgesinde-hayatini-kaybeden-doktorlarin-sayisi-artiyor-786433/|title=Deprem bölgesinde hayatını kaybeden doktorların sayısı artıyor|agency=Tele1|date=9 February 2023|language=tr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210130038/https://tele1.com.tr/deprem-bolgesinde-hayatini-kaybeden-doktorlarin-sayisi-artiyor-786433/|archive-date=10 February 2023|url-status=live}} 120 police officers and 32 gendarmeries were among the dead.{{Cite web|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/icisleri-bakani-soylu-depremlerde-120-polis-arkadasimizi-ve-32nin-uzerinde-jandarma-personelimizi-kaybettik/2813811|language=tr|title=İçişleri Bakanı Soylu: Depremlerde 120 polis arkadaşımızı ve 32'nin üzerinde jandarma personelimizi kaybettik|date=9 February 2023|publisher=Anadolu Agency|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209211957/https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/icisleri-bakani-soylu-depremlerde-120-polis-arkadasimizi-ve-32nin-uzerinde-jandarma-personelimizi-kaybettik/2813811|archive-date=9 February 2023|access-date=22 April 2023|url-status=live}}

File:زلزال سوريا وتركيا 722023جنديرس 02.jpg

According to Turkish-backed officials on 2 February 2024, 4,537 people died in rebel-held areas while 1,414 died in government-controlled areas. The International Blue Crescent placed the death toll in Syria at 8,476.{{Cite web|title=Devastating Earthquakes in Southern Türkiye and Northern Syria, April 6th 2023, Situation Report 20 [EN/TR]|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/devastating-earthquakes-southern-turkiye-and-northern-syria-april-6th-2023-situation-report-20-entr|work=International Blue Crescent|type=Report|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=6 April 2023|access-date=20 April 2023|archive-date=21 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421193209/https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/devastating-earthquakes-southern-turkiye-and-northern-syria-april-6th-2023-situation-report-20-entr|url-status=live}} The Syrian Ministry of Health said over 2,248 died,{{Cite web|title=ارتفاع حصيلة الـ ـضـ ـحـ ـايـ ـا الذين فـ ـارقـ ـوا الحياة جراء الـ ـزلـ ـز ا ل الـ ـمـ ـدمّـ ـر في سوريا إلى 6795 إنسان|url=https://www.syriahr.com/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%ad%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%80-%d9%80%d8%b6%d9%80-%d9%80%d8%ad%d9%80-%d9%80%d8%a7%d9%8a%d9%80-%d9%80%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81/591382/|publisher=Syrian Observatory for Human Rights|date=5 March 2023|access-date=5 March 2023|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404060112/https://www.syriahr.com/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%B6%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%AD%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81/591382/|url-status=live}} most were in Aleppo and Latakia.{{cite news|title=Health Ministry: Death toll from earthquake has risen to 812 deaths and 1,449 injuries, in provinces of Aleppo, Lattakia, Hama, Idleb Countryside and Tartous|url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299328|access-date=7 February 2023|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207075007/https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299328|url-status=live}} In rebel-held areas, at least 4,547 people died.{{cite news|date=8 February 2023|title=72 after catastrophe 3,556 people killed in Syria due to devastating earthquake|publisher=SOHR|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/287884/|access-date=9 February 2023|archive-date=12 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212140625/https://www.syriahr.com/en/287884/|url-status=live}} In a report by the International Medical Corps dated 8 March 2023, 7,259 people were confirmed dead.

Over 14,500 were also injured in Syria.{{Cite web|title=Syria/Turkey Earthquakes Situation Report #7, March 8, 2023|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syriaturkey-earthquakes-situation-report-7-march-8-2023|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=8 March 2023|access-date=9 March 2023|archive-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913085054/https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syriaturkey-earthquakes-situation-report-7-march-8-2023|url-status=live}} Among the dead included 2,153 children and 1,524 women.{{Cite web|title=A Total of 7,259 Syrians, including 2,153 Children and 1,524 Women, Died Due to the Turkey-Syria Earthquake: 2,534 Died in Non-Regime Territories, 394 in Regime Territories, and 4,331 in Turkey|url=https://snhr.org/blog/2023/02/28/a-total-of-7259-syrians-including-2153-children-and-1524-women-died-due-to-the-turkey-syria-earthquake-2534-died-in-non-regime-territories-394-in-regime-territories-and-4331-in-turkey/|publisher=Syrian Network for Human Rights|date=28 February 2023|access-date=10 March 2023|archive-date=31 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331183746/https://snhr.org/blog/2023/02/28/a-total-of-7259-syrians-including-2153-children-and-1524-women-died-due-to-the-turkey-syria-earthquake-2534-died-in-non-regime-territories-394-in-regime-territories-and-4331-in-turkey/|url-status=live}} The Syrian Network for Human Rights stated 73 medics, five media personnel, 62 workers in humanitarian agencies, and four civil defense personnel were among the dead.{{cite news|title=7,259 Syrians killed in earthquakes: NGO|last=Yusuf|first=Muhammed|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/7-259-syrians-killed-in-earthquakes-ngo/2833694|access-date=28 February 2023|publisher=Anadolu Agency|date=28 February 2023|archive-date=28 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228162531/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/7-259-syrians-killed-in-earthquakes-ngo/2833694|url-status=live}} The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said additional dead were buried before being registered and some victims died in hospitals. Syria's National Earthquake Centre said the earthquake is "the biggest earthquake recorded" in its operational history.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Major quake kills more than 100 across Turkey, Syria|publisher=CNA (Channel NewsAsia)|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/major-quake-kills-more-100-across-turkey-syria-3256346|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206054348/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/major-quake-kills-more-100-across-turkey-syria-3256346|url-status=live}}

An estimated 5.37 million people across Syria may have been made homeless,{{cite news|title=Up to 5.3 million in Syria may be homeless after quake: UN|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/middle-east/up-to-53-million-in-syria-may-be-homeless-after-quake-un|access-date=11 February 2023|agency=Agence France-Presse|work=The Straits Times|date=11 February 2023|archive-date=21 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221231447/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/middle-east/up-to-53-million-in-syria-may-be-homeless-after-quake-un|url-status=live}} while 10.9 million people, nearly half of Syria's population, were affected.{{Cite web|title=Northwest Syria Earthquake February 2023, Daily Highlights – 13/02/2023|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/northwest-syria-earthquake-february-2023-daily-highlights-13022023|date=13 February 2023|access-date=13 February 2023|publisher=ReliefWeb|author=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|archive-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224001340/https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/northwest-syria-earthquake-february-2023-daily-highlights-13022023|url-status=live}} More than 123 residential areas, villages, towns and cities were badly damaged. Many power plants, water facilities, hospitals and public infrastructure also sustained damage. At least 453 schools were damaged.{{Cite web|title=Syria Earthquake February 2023 Government-controlled areas, Daily Highlights – 13/02/2023|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syria-earthquake-february-2023-government-controlled-areas-daily-highlights-13022023|date=13 February 2023|access-date=13 February 2023|publisher=ReliefWeb|author=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|archive-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224001454/https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syria-earthquake-february-2023-government-controlled-areas-daily-highlights-13022023|url-status=live}} Across the country, 22,452 housing units were destroyed and 62,878 others were damaged.{{Cite web|date=March 2023|title=Syria Earthquake 2023: Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment|url=https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099093003162314369/pdf/P1721710e2b4a60b40a5940f0793f8a0d24.pdf|publisher=World Bank|author=Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery|access-date=26 January 2024|archive-date=26 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126205449/https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099093003162314369/pdf/P1721710e2b4a60b40a5940f0793f8a0d24.pdf|url-status=live}}

Hundreds were killed in the town of Atarib. In Jindires, over 1,100 people were killed{{Cite web|title=Türkiye/Syria: Earthquakes – Feb 2023|url=https://reliefweb.int/disaster/eq-2023-000015-tur|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=29 April 2023|access-date=17 May 2023|archive-date=24 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324070310/https://reliefweb.int/disaster/eq-2023-000015-tur|url-status=live}} and at least 250 buildings were razed;{{cite news|last1=Jalabi|first1=R.|last2=England|first2=A.|title=Syria suffers disaster upon disaster as earthquake follows years of war|url=https://www.ft.com/content/98f86c1a-cfa5-431f-9ea7-2c7b1b548644|access-date=8 February 2023|work=Financial Times|location=London|date=8 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208092931/https://www.ft.com/content/98f86c1a-cfa5-431f-9ea7-2c7b1b548644|url-status=live}} among the deaths were a family of seven—the only survivor was a newborn.{{cite news|title=Syrian newborn pulled alive from earthquake rubble|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/syria-newborn-alive-earthquake-rubble-turkey-turkiye-rescue-3260721|access-date=7 February 2023|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207145829/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/syria-newborn-alive-earthquake-rubble-turkey-turkiye-rescue-3260721|url-status=live}} In Jableh, at least 283 people died, 173 were injured and 19 buildings collapsed.{{cite news|last1=Dabin|first1=B.|last2=al-Jazaeri|first2=R.|title=283 deaths 173 injuries in the earthquake in Jableh, Lattakia|url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299733|access-date=9 February 2023|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=9 February 2023|archive-date=10 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210082143/https://sana.sy/en/?p=299733|url-status=live}} Four bodies were recovered and 15 bodies were in the process of recovery during debris clearance on 10 February.{{cite news|title=Four bodies pulled from rubble removal operations in Jableh|url=http://sana.sy/en/?p=299894|access-date=10 February 2023|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=10 February 2023|archive-date=11 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211114036/https://sana.sy/en/?p=299894|url-status=live}} On 11 February, six bodies were retrieved from the rubble of a collapsed house along al-Maliyeh Street.{{cite news|last1=al-Rhayiah|first1=F.|last2=Zain|first2=H.|title=Six bodies pulled out from under a collapsed building in Jableh|url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299998|access-date=12 February 2023|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=11 February 2023|archive-date=12 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212091527/https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299998|url-status=live}} Civilians were stuck under the rubble for hours due to the lack of rescue teams in several villages such as Atarib, Besnaya, Jindires, Maland, Salqin and Sarmada.{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2023/feb/06/destruction-strikes-at-night-as-huge-earthquake-rocks-turkey-and-syria-in-pictures|title=Destruction strikes at night as huge earthquake rocks Turkey and Syria – in pictures|work=The Guardian|date=6 February 2023|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206082434/https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2023/feb/06/destruction-strikes-at-night-as-huge-earthquake-rocks-turkey-and-syria-in-pictures|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/06/photos-show-aftermath-of-massive-earthquakes-in-turkey-and-syria.html|title=Photos show aftermath of two massive earthquakes that struck Turkey and Syria|publisher=CNBC|date=6 February 2023|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206212715/https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/06/photos-show-aftermath-of-massive-earthquakes-in-turkey-and-syria.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://observers.france24.com/en/middle-east/20230206-syria-idlib-aleppo-rebel-zones-devastation-earthquake-rescue|title='There's no one to help us': Syria's rebel-controlled zones in ruins after devastating earthquake|publisher=France 24|date=6 February 2023|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002723/https://observers.france24.com/en/middle-east/20230206-syria-idlib-aleppo-rebel-zones-devastation-earthquake-rescue|url-status=live}} In Latakia Governorate, 142,000 people were affected; at least 805 people died and 1,131 others were injured. The region's governor said 105 buildings were destroyed, 247 were at risk of collapse and 900 others were severely damaged.{{cite news|last1=Baraa|first1=Ali|title=805 deaths, 105 collapsed buildings, and 900 completely damaged ones in quake-affected areas, Lattakia|url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=302097|access-date=27 February 2023|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=27 February 2023|archive-date=28 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228094917/https://sana.sy/en/?p=302097|url-status=live}}{{cite news|last1=al-Jazaeri|first1=Ruaa|title=805 deaths, 142,000 quake-affected people in Lattakia Province-Governor|url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=300418|access-date=14 February 2023|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207041949/https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299062|url-status=live}}{{cite news|last1=Muhammad|first1=Z.|title=وزارة التربية السورية: وفاة 46 طالباً ومعلماً في اللاذقية جراء الزلزال|trans-title=The Syrian Ministry of Education: 46 Students And Teachers Died in Lattakia As A Result of the Earthquake|url=https://npasyria.com/141311/|access-date=11 February 2023|agency=NPA Syria|language=ar|archive-date=11 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211082559/https://npasyria.com/141311/|url-status=live}} At Latakia University, ten students, three employees and a professor died.{{cite news|last1=Sharif|first1=Fadi Bey|title=الزلزال يتسبب بوفاة 10 طلاب و3 موظفين وأستاذة جامعية بكلية الطب … وزير التعليم العالي لـ"الوطن": أضرار طالت البنى التحتية في عدد من الجامعات تتم صيانتها.. ولجان للكشف عن سلامة أبنية السكن الجامعي|trans-title=The earthquake causes the death of 10 students, 3 employees, and a university professor at the Faculty of Medicine. The minister of higher education told Al-Watan: Damage to the infrastructure in a number of universities is being maintained.|url=http://alwatan.sy/archives/335146|access-date=16 February 2023|agency=Al-Watan|date=16 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=16 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216071709/http://alwatan.sy/archives/335146|url-status=live}} At least 48 people were killed in Hama, of which 43 were from the collapse of an eight-story building.{{cite news|title=Earthquake rescue mission finishes in Syria's Hama: official|url=https://www.inform.kz/en/earthquake-rescue-mission-finishes-in-syria-s-hama-official_a4032838|access-date=8 February 2023|agency=Inform.kz|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208070630/https://www.inform.kz/en/earthquake-rescue-mission-finishes-in-syria-s-hama-official_a4032838|url-status=live}}

Cracks appeared in the Afrin Dam,{{cite news|url=https://apnews.com/article/turkey-syria-earthquakes-live-updates-feb-9-5921bbc788e6fc8f05a6d3afc48071d5|title=Aid, rescues in quake-hit Turkey, Syria|agency=Associated Press|date=9 February 2023|access-date=9 February 2023}} and on 9 February, the it burst, flooding the village of Al-Tloul, which was exacerbated by heavy rains along the Afrin River basin. Nearly all its residents fled; about 500 families were displaced.{{cite news|last1=Ashawi|first1=K.|title=Shielded from war, Syria town emptied out by earthquake and floods|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/shielded-war-syria-town-emptied-out-by-earthquake-floods-2023-02-09/|access-date=11 February 2023|agency=Reuters|date=10 February 2023|archive-date=16 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216021704/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/shielded-war-syria-town-emptied-out-by-earthquake-floods-2023-02-09/|url-status=live}} In Atarib, 148 bodies arrived at an underground hospital. A doctor at the hospital said some bodies were missing their head or limbs.{{cite news|last1=Engelbrecht|first1=Cora|title=An Underground Hospital in Syria Fills With Quake Victims|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/09/world/middleeast/earthquake-syria-hospital.html|access-date=15 February 2023|date=9 February 2023|archive-date=20 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220073822/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/09/world/middleeast/earthquake-syria-hospital.html|url-status=live}} Various archaeological sites in Tartus Governorate were damaged, including the Khawabi Castle and Aleika Castle. Damage to historical towers and infrastructure were also reported in Tartus and Safita.{{cite news|last1=Zain|first1=Hala|title=Several archaeological sites in Tartous province damaged by the earthquake|url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=301043|access-date=20 February 2023|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=19 February 2023|archive-date=20 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220073823/https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=301043|url-status=live}}

The Syrian American Medical Society's president, Amjad Rass, said emergency rooms were packed with injured.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Death toll rises rapidly following powerful 7.8 quake in Turkey, Syria|publisher=1 News|agency=Associated Press|url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/02/06/death-toll-rises-rapidly-following-powerful-78-quake-in-turkey-syria/|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206062957/https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/02/06/death-toll-rises-rapidly-following-powerful-78-quake-in-turkey-syria/|url-status=live}} In Idlib Governorate, one hospital received 30 bodies.{{Cite news|last=Fitzpatrick|first=M.|date=6 February 2023|title=Massive earthquake kills hundreds in Turkey, Syria|publisher=Radio France Internationale|url=https://www.rfi.fr/en/international/20230206-massive-earthquake-kills-hundreds-in-turkey-syria|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206085104/https://www.rfi.fr/en/international/20230206-massive-earthquake-kills-hundreds-in-turkey-syria|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Death toll after Turkey, Syria earthquake tops 1,400|publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/2023/0206/1354014-quake-turkey-syria/|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206060537/https://www.rte.ie/news/2023/0206/1354014-quake-turkey-syria/|url-status=live}} In the village of Azmarin, Idlib Governorate, at least 260 people died, 300 were injured, and 100 were rescued. Fifteen buildings in the village were leveled and about 50 percent of its housing stock had cracks.{{cite news|last1=Hayel|first1=Ibrahim|title=فاجعة الزلزال.. الموت يحصد 51 شخصاً من عائلة واحدة في إدلب|trans-title=The catastrophe of the earthquake.. Death claimed 51 people from one family in Idlib|url=https://orient-news.net/ar/news_show/201932|access-date=14 February 2023|agency=Orient Net|date=14 February 2023|language=ar|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214154939/https://orient-news.net/ar/news_show/201932|url-status=live}} Footballer Nader Joukhadar, who played for the Syria national football team, died alongside his son when their home collapsed in Jableh.{{Cite web|date=6 February 2023|title=وفاة اللاعب السوري نادر جوخدار في الزلزال|url=https://royanews.tv/news/293769|website=Royanews|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206114023/https://royanews.tv/news/293769|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=Wafat laeib duliin sabiq fi zilzal Suria|trans-title=A former international player died in the Syrian earthquake|script-title=ar:وفاة لاعب دولي سابق في زلزال سوريا|url=https://www.alarabiya.net/sport/arab-sport/2023/02/06/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%82-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7|access-date=27 February 2024|agency=Agence France-Presse|language=ar|publisher=Al Arabiya|date=6 February 2023}}

File:Aleppo after the 7.8 magnitude earthquake centered in Türkiye 3.jpg

According to the International Rescue Committee, the earthquake struck when rebel-held areas were preparing for a blizzard and experiencing a cholera outbreak.{{cite news|last1=Armstrong|first1=C.|title=زلزال تركيا وسوريا: لماذا تعد حلب من أكثر المناطق تضررا من هذه الكارثة؟|trans-title=Turkey and Syria earthquake: Why is Aleppo one of the areas most affected by this disaster?|url=https://www.bbc.com/arabic/middleeast-64549944|access-date=7 February 2023|publisher=BBC News|date=7 February 2023|language=tr|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207034803/https://www.bbc.com/arabic/middleeast-64549944|url-status=live}} In Aleppo, dozens of buildings collapsed{{cite news|title=Earthquake stuns Syria's Aleppo even after war's horrors|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2023/02/08/earthquake-aleppo-syria-turkey-00081989|access-date=9 February 2023|agency=Associated Press|work=Politico|date=8 February 2023|archive-date=11 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211152551/https://www.politico.com/news/2023/02/08/earthquake-aleppo-syria-turkey-00081989|url-status=live}} and at least 444 people died, including 163 children.{{cite news|last1=Zinklo|first1=K.|title=ارتفاع ضحايا الزلزال إلى 444 وفاة في حلب منها 237 امرأة … زيادة في المحروقات والغاز المنزلي وانتقادات لقرار العودة إلى المدارس تدريجياً من اليوم|trans-title=The earthquake victims rose to 444 deaths in Aleppo, including 237 women … an increase in fuel and domestic gas, and criticism of the decision to gradually return to schools from today|url=http://alwatan.sy/archives/335145|access-date=16 February 2023|agency=Al-Watan|date=14 February 2023|language=ar|archive-date=16 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216071718/https://alwatan.sy/archives/335145|url-status=live}} By 8 February, the bodies of 210 victims were returned to their families.{{cite news|last1=Hamijo|first1=M. M.|title=المحامي العام الأول في حلب: تسليم 210 ضحايا لذويها ومن المتوقع ازدياد عدد الضحايا … محامي عام اللاذقية لـ"الوطن": الكشف على 400 ضحية منها لأسر بأكملها … نقيب الأطباء لـ"الوطن": العثور على طبيبين متوفين وطبيب وزوجته الطبيبة مازالا تحت الأنقاض|trans-title=The First Public Prosecutor in Aleppo: 210 victims were handed over to their families, and the number of victims is expected to increase... The Public Prosecutor of Lattakia told Al-Watan: Examination of 400 victims, including entire families... The Captain of Doctors told Al-Watan: two deceased doctors, a doctor and his wife, the doctor, were found still under the rubble|url=http://alwatan.sy/archives/334492|access-date=10 February 2023|agency=Al-Watan|date=8 February 2023|language=ar|archive-date=10 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210235711/http://alwatan.sy/archives/334492|url-status=live}} The Directorate-General of Antiquities and Museums said various archeological sites across the city were extensively cracked or collapsed.{{cite news|last1=Adel|first1=E.|title=زلزال سوريا.. انهيار مناطق أثرية في حلب بسبب الهزة الأرضية اليوم (تفاصيل)|trans-title=The earthquake in Syria... the collapse of archeological areas in Aleppo due to the earthquake today (details)|url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/2812117|access-date=7 February 2023|date=6 February 2023|agency=Al-Masry Al-Youm|language=ar|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207034807/https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/2812117|url-status=live}} Cracks were also reported in the outer façade of the Aleppo National Museum.{{cite news|last1=Heyman|first1=Taylor|title=Turkey earthquake before and after: How heritage sites look after devastation|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/2023/02/07/turkey-earthquake-before-and-after-what-heritage-sites-look-like-after-devastation/|access-date=10 February 2023|date=7 February 2023|agency=MENA News|archive-date=22 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222025417/https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/2023/02/07/turkey-earthquake-before-and-after-what-heritage-sites-look-like-after-devastation/|url-status=live}} In Atarib, Aleppo, the Syrian American Medical Society hospital said 120 bodies were recovered.{{cite news|last1=Shaikhouni|first1=L.|title=Turkey and Syria earthquake: 'The hospital was collapsing with my son inside'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-64538295|access-date=8 February 2023|publisher=BBC News|date=8 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207224520/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-64538295|url-status=live}} About 20,000 homes were affected in Aleppo, leaving 70,000 homeless.{{cite news|title=الأمم المتحدة: الأوضاع في سورية صعبة للغاية وفريقنا على الأرض يقيّم الاحتياجات|trans-title=United Nations: The situation in Syria is very difficult and our team is on the ground assessing the needs|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/society/الأمم-المتحدة-الأوضاع-في-سورية-بعد-الزلزال-صعبة-للغاية|access-date=9 February 2023|agency=The New Arab|date=9 February 2023|language=ar|archive-date=9 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209005617/https://www.alaraby.co.uk/society/الأمم-المتحدة-الأوضاع-في-سورية-بعد-الزلزال-صعبة-للغاية|url-status=live}} Total damage in the city exceeded US$403 million. In Rajo, the doors and walls of a prison facility cracked. Twenty prisoners, believed to be Islamic State (ISIS) members, escaped the facility.{{cite news|title=At least 20 escape Syria prison holding IS inmates after quake|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230206-at-least-20-escape-syria-prison-holding-is-inmates-after-quake|access-date=7 February 2023|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=France 24|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207005132/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230206-at-least-20-escape-syria-prison-holding-is-inmates-after-quake|url-status=live}}

In Damascus, many people fled from their homes onto the streets.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Powerful 7.8 quake knocks down buildings in Turkey, Syria|agency=Associated Press|url=https://apnews.com/article/earthquake-shakes-turkey-b927808f6a5c54bdb669120faa40b7bc|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206020324/https://apnews.com/article/earthquake-shakes-turkey-b927808f6a5c54bdb669120faa40b7bc|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|title=Israel to provide Syria with blankets, tents, medicine after earthquake|work=The Jerusalem Post|url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-730717|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206065849/https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-730717|url-status=live}} In the northern parts of the city, many buildings were cracked.{{Cite news|title=Cracks, Fissures Risk Collapse of Buildings North of Damascus|work=Asharq Al-Awsat|url=https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/4145506/cracks-fissures-risk-collapse-buildings-north-damascus|date=8 February 2023|access-date=12 February 2023|archive-date=12 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212061344/https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/4145506/cracks-fissures-risk-collapse-buildings-north-damascus|url-status=live}} Many buildings in Syria had already been damaged by an almost 12-year-long civil war.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Major earthquake strikes Turkey, Syria; about 200 dead, many trapped (Update)|work=Cyprus Mail|agency=Reuters|url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2023/02/06/major-earthquake-strikes-turkey-syria-76-dead-many-trapped/|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206065216/https://cyprus-mail.com/2023/02/06/major-earthquake-strikes-turkey-syria-76-dead-many-trapped/|url-status=live}} The Crusader-built castle Margat suffered damage, with part of a tower and parts of some walls collapsing. Cracks also opened up in the walls of the Krak des Chevaliers castle. The Citadel of Aleppo was also affected.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=آثار سوريا لم تسلم من الزلزال.. تضرر قلعتي حلب والمرقب|language=ar|publisher=Al Arabiya|url=https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/2023/02/06/تضرر-قلعة-حلب-التاريخية-جراء-الزلزال-المدمر|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206093928/https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/2023/02/06/تضرر-قلعة-حلب-التاريخية-جراء-الزلزال-المدمر|url-status=live}} In addition, one of the towers of Sahyun Castle near Latakia was destroyed.{{cite web|url=https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/4210101/syrian-castle-among-quake-hit-ancient-sites-risk|title=Syrian Castle among Quake-Hit Ancient Sites at Risk|work=Asharq Al-Awsat|date=13 March 2023|access-date=14 March 2023|archive-date=14 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314144136/https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/4210101/syrian-castle-among-quake-hit-ancient-sites-risk|url-status=live}} The minaret of the Grand Mosque in Kobanî was also damaged.{{cite news|title=Damage in Minaret of Kobani's Grand Mosque After Earthquake|url=https://npasyria.com/en/92292/|access-date=7 February 2023|publisher=North Press Agency|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208051815/https://npasyria.com/en/92292/|url-status=live}}

At least 6,600 Syrians residing in Turkey were killed.{{Cite web|author=IFRC|title=Türkiye – Earthquakes Operation Update #2 – Emergency Appeal № MDRTR004 (21/04/2023)|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/turkiye-earthquakes-operation-update-2-emergency-appeal-no-mdrtr004-21042023|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=21 April 2023|access-date=23 April 2023}} According to Turkey's Presidency of Migration Management 1.75 million Syrians live in southern Turkey; 460,150 in Gaziantep; 354,000 in Antakya; 368,000 in Şanlıurfa; 250,000 in Adana. Turkey's health ministry returned the bodies of 1,793 Syrian victims to their relatives in Syria,{{cite news|title=مـ ـأسـ ـاة الـ ـزلـ ـز ا ل في يومها الـ 18 تـ ـو د ي بـ ـحـ ـيـ ـاة 6760 إنسان في سورية|url=https://www.syriahr.com/مـ-ـأسـ-ـاة-الـ-ـزلـ-ـز-ا-ل-في-يومها-الـ-18-ت/589929/|access-date=24 February 2023|date=24 February 2023|language=ar}} while thousands of Syrians were buried in Turkey due to difficulties transporting them to Syria.{{cite news|last1=Baladi|first1=E.|title=Half of Syrians in Turkey live in the earthquake zone|url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2023/02/half-of-syrians-in-turkey-live-in-the-earthquake-zone/|access-date=9 February 2023|agency=Enab Baladi|date=8 February 2023}} At least 11 Iraqi war refugees died in Turkey.{{cite web|date=14 February 2023|title=At least 11 Iraqis killed in Turkey's earthquake; none in Syria, says foreign ministry|url=https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/30686-At-least-11-Iraqis-killed-in-Turkey%E2%80%99s-earthquake;-none-in-Syria,-says-foreign-ministry|work=Kurdistan24}}

At least 100 Afghans were killed by the earthquake in Turkey, mostly refugees who fled the country after the Taliban takeover in August 2021.{{cite news|url=https://tolonews.com/afghanistan-181960|title=Foreign Ministry: About 100 Afghans Killed or Injured in Turkey Earthquake|website=TOLOnews|date=8 February 2023|last1=Sangar|first1=Rohullah|access-date=9 February 2023|archive-date=10 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210003203/https://tolonews.com/afghanistan-181960|url-status=live}} Among the Lebanese fatalities was an entire family of three in Malatya. Ten Azerbaijanis were killed in Turkey, including four students in Malatya.[https://www.mfa.gov.az/az/news/no07523 Türkiyədə zəlzələ nəticəsində həlak olmuş Azərbaycan Respublikası vətəndaşları barədə mətbuat məlumatı, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan, published on 15 February 2023, Retrieved on 15 February 2023] An Italian family of six, and an entrepreneur also perished. Nineteen students, two teachers and a parent from Northern Cyprus died when the Isias Hotel in Adıyaman collapsed. Seven other Turkish Cypriots died in Hatay and Kahramanmaraş.

In Lebanon, residents were awakened from their sleep. Buildings in the country shook for up to 40 seconds. In Beirut, residents fled their homes and stayed in streets or drove in their vehicles to flee from buildings. The earthquake damaged 16,200 buildings across the country, including 10,460 in Beirut and 4,000 in Tripoli.{{Cite news|date=27 February 2023|title=Kahramanmaraş ve Hatay'daki depremler, Lübnan'da eski binaları gündeme taşıdı|publisher=Anadolu Agency|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/kahramanmaras-ve-hataydaki-depremler-lubnanda-eski-binalari-gundeme-tasidi/2832387|access-date=27 February 2023|quote=Zuhayri'ye göre, başkent Beyrut'ta 10 bin 460 ve Trablusşam'da 4 bin olmak üzere ülke genelinde toplamda 16 bin 200'da hasarlı yapı var.|trans-quote=According to Zuhayri, there are a total of 16,200 damaged buildings across the country, including 10,460 in the capital Beirut and 4,000 in Tripoli.}}

In Ashdod, Israel, a building was evacuated after cracks were observed in a pillar,{{Cite web|date=6 February 2023|title=לאחר רעידות האדמה שהורגשו באשדוד: סדק נגרם לעמוד בבניין מגורים באשדוד – דיירי הבניין פונו (וידאו)|url=https://ashdodnet.com/חדשות-אשדוד/סדק-נגרם-לעמוד-בבניין-מגורים-באשדוד-530383|website=ashdodnet.com|language=he|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002705/https://ashdodnet.com/חדשות-אשדוד/הפסקת-חשמל-נרחבת-בעקבות-קריסת-הפיגומים-באשדוד-530371|url-status=live}} and Champion Motors Tower in Bnei Brak was slightly damaged by the second earthquake.{{Cite news|title=מגדל משרדים ברמת גן פונה ברעש: "שמשה התנפצה ונפלו רסיסים, הייתה פאניקה"|newspaper=Ynet|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/byh0vca2j|agency=Ynet|date=6 February 2023|access-date=23 February 2023|language=he|last1=רובינשטיין|first1=רועי}} In Nicosia, Cyprus, some windows cracked, and the wall of a house collapsed, damaging two nearby vehicles.{{Cite web|date=6 February 2023|script-title=el:"Είμαι σε σοκ…" – Ο Νικόλας Ιωαννίδης δείχνει τη ζημιά στο σπίτι του από τον σεισμό|title="Eímai se sok…" – O Nikólas Ioannídis deíchnei ti zimiá sto spíti tou apó ton seismó|trans-title="I'm in shock..." – Nikolas Ioannidis shows the damage to his house from the earthquake|language=el|url=https://cy.hellomagazine.com/celebrity-news/eimai-se-sok-o-nikolas-ioannidis-deichnei-ti-zimia-sto-spiti-tou-apo-ton-seismo/|website=Hello!|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002719/https://cy.hellomagazine.com/celebrity-news/eimai-se-sok-o-nikolas-ioannidis-deichnei-ti-zimia-sto-spiti-tou-apo-ton-seismo/|url-status=live}}{{Unreliable source?|date=February 2023}}{{Cite web|date=6 February 2023|script-title=el:Φωτο: Κατέρρευσε πλίνθινος τοίχος, "έθαψε" οχήματα του Δήμου Λευκωσίας|title=Foto: Katérrefse plínthinos toíchos, "éthapse" ochímata tou Dímou Lefkosías|trans-title=Photo: A brick wall collapsed, "burying" Nicosia Municipality vehicles|url=https://www.alphanews.live/cyprus/foto-katerreyse-plinthinos-toihos-ethapse-ohimata-toy-dimoy-leykosias|website=alphanews.live|language=el|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002708/https://www.alphanews.live/cyprus/foto-katerreyse-plinthinos-toihos-ethapse-ohimata-toy-dimoy-leykosias|url-status=live}} Six Cuvier's beaked whales were found dead along the island's northern coast on 10 February. The Department of Fisheries and Marine Research said there was a possible link between the beaching and earthquake as these whales' echolocation system are affected by sea disturbances.{{cite news|title=Cyprus probes dead whales washed up on northern shores, earthquake link possible|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/middle-east/cyprus-probes-washed-up-dead-whales-earthquake-link-possible|access-date=9 March 2023|agency=Reuters|work=The Straits Times|date=11 February 2023}}

The European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre said shaking was felt in Armenia, Egypt, Palestine, Georgia, Greece, Iraq, Jordan, Israel, and Russia. In Iraq, minor damage occurred in some houses and buildings in Erbil, and the city's citadel was severely damaged.{{Cite news|title=هزات ارتدادية تصل العراق.. وكشف حجم الأضرار|trans-title=Aftershocks reach Iraq.. and reveal the extent of the damage|work=Sky News Arabia|url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1594700-هزات-ارتدادية-تصل-العراق-وكشف-حجم-الأضرار|date=6 February 2023|access-date=11 February 2023|language=ar}}{{Cite news|title=فيديو متداول يظهر حدوث أضرار في قلعة أربيل الأثرية جراء الزلزال الذي ضرب جنوبي تركيا ومناطق من سوريا.. للاطلاع على آخر الأخبار|url=https://nabd.com/s/114962808-294598/فيديو-متداول-يظهر-حدوث-أضرار-في-قلعة-أربيل-الأثرية-جراء-الزلزال-الذي-ضرب-جنوبي-تركيا-ومناطق-من-سوريا..-للاطلاع-على-آخر-الأخبار|date=6 February 2023|access-date=11 February 2023|website=Nabd}} In Egypt, tremors were strongly felt in the capital Cairo,{{Cite news|title=هزة أرضية "زلزال" شعر بها سكان القاهرة|trans-title=An earthquake "earthquake" was felt by the residents of Cairo|url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/2811843|access-date=11 February 2023|date=6 February 2023|agency=Al-Masry Al-Youm}}{{Cite web |date=2023-02-24 |title=Earthquake of magnitude 4.1 strikes Egypt |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/02/24/Earthquake-of-magnitude-4-1-strikes-Egypt- |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=Al Arabiya English |language=en}} and is considered the strongest earthquake felt since 1975.{{Cite news|last1=Ragheb|first1=M.|title="البحوث الفلكية" تجيب عن الأسئلة الأكثر جدلا بعد زلزال تركيا وسوريا.. هل نحن بعيدون عن الأحزمة الزلزالية الخطرة؟.. وما التوزيع المكانى للنشاط الزلزالى فى مصر؟.. وهل مصر معرضة لحدوث زلزال قوى الفترة المقبلة؟|trans-title="Astronomical Research" answers the most controversial questions after the earthquake in Turkey and Syria.. Are we far from dangerous seismic belts?.. What is the spatial distribution of seismic activity in Egypt?.. Is Egypt vulnerable to a strong earthquake in the coming period?"|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2023/2/10/البحوث-الفلكية-تجيب-عن-الأسئلة-الأكثر-جدلا-بعد-زلزال-تركيا/6078595|date=10 February 2023|access-date=11 February 2023|agency=Youm7|language=ar}} A {{cvt|20|m}} crack appeared in the Corniche in Alexandria.{{Cite news|last1=Mounir|first1=J. M.|title=حقيقة تصدع كورنيش الإسكندرية وشرخ 20 مترًا بسبب زلزال تركيا.. تحرك عاجل من الأجهزة التنفيذية لإصلاح التصدع.. صب طبقة خرسانية وبلوكات 5 أطنان لحماية سور الكورنيش من الأمواج.. والمحافظ يوجه بسرعة الإصلاح.. صور|trans-title=The fact that the Alexandria Corniche cracked and a 20-meter crack due to the earthquake in Turkey.. Urgent action by the executive bodies to repair the crack.. Pouring a concrete layer and 5-ton blocks to protect the Corniche wall from waves.. And the governor directs the speed of repair.. Photos|url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2023/2/7/حقيقة-تصدع-كورنيش-الإسكندرية-وشرخ-20-مترًا-بسبب-زلزال-تركيا/6075843|access-date=12 February 2023|agency=Youm7|language=ar|date=7 February 2023}}

On 20 February, a {{M|ww}}6.3 aftershock struck near Antakya, causing additional buildings to collapse in Samandağ and further damage in Antakya.{{Cite web|title=New powerful earthquakes rock Turkey and Syria|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/2/20/new-6-4-magnitude-earthquake-hits-southern-turkey|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=20 February 2023|access-date=20 February 2023}} Six people died in Antakya, Defne and Samandağ.{{cite news|title=Hatay merkezli depremler: 6 kişi hayatını kaybetti, 562 kişi yaralandı|url=https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/cglrzkl8418o.amp|access-date=21 February 2023|publisher=BBC Türkçe|date=21 February 2023}}{{cite news|title=Hatay Deprem Vefat Sayisi Son Dakıka: Bakan Soylu duyurdu: Hatay depremi ölü sayısı ve yaralı sayısı kaç oldu, kaç kişi öldü, kaç bina yıkıldı?|trans-title=Hatay Earthquake Number of Death Last Minute: Minister Soylu announced: What was the number of dead and injured in Hatay earthquake, how many people died, how many buildings were destroyed?|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/galeri/yasam/hatay-depremi-olu-sayisi-ve-yarali-sayisi-son-dakika-hatay-depremi-olu-sayisi-ve-yarali-sayisi-kac-oldu-kac-bina-yikildi/6|access-date=21 February 2023|agency=Sabah|date=21 February 2023|language=tr}} At least 562 were injured including 18 in serious condition who received immediate medical attention before being taken to Adana and Dörtyol.{{Cite web|title=17. gün! Depremde ölü sayısı ne kadar oldu, güncel yaralı sayısı kaç? Hangi ilde kaç bina yıkıldı, kaç kişi öldü?|url=https://www.cnnturk.com/turkiye/16-gun-depremde-olu-sayisi-ne-kadar-oldu-guncel-yarali-sayisi-kac-hangi-ilde-kac-bina-yikildi-kac-kisi-oldu|agency=CNN Türk|date=21 February 2023|access-date=21 February 2023|language=tr}}{{cite news|title=Hatay depreminde ölü sayısı 3'e yükseldi|trans-title=Death toll rises to 3 in Hatay earthquake|url=https://www.cagdaskocaeli.com.tr/haber/14060023/hatay-depreminde-olu-sayisi-3e-yukseldi|access-date=20 February 2023|agency=Çağdaş Kocaeli|date=20 February 2023|language=tr}} AFAD warned residents to stay away from the coast as there was potential for a tsunami of up to {{cvt|50|cm}}.{{cite news|title=Tsunami alert issued in southern Turkey after 6.4, 5.8, 5.2, 5.2 magnitude quakes|url=https://www.duvarenglish.com/tsunami-alert-issued-in-southern-turkey-after-64-58-52-52-magnitude-quakes-news-61887|access-date=20 February 2023|agency=Duvar English|date=20 February 2023}} The mayor of Hatay said several people were trapped under debris. A bridge was damaged and an empty three-story building in İskenderun collapsed.{{cite news|last1=Bicker|first1=Laura|last2=Slow|first2=Oliver|title=New Turkey earthquake leaves people trapped under rubble in Hatay|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64711228|access-date=20 February 2023|publisher=BBC News|date=20 February 2023}}{{cite news|title=İskenderun'da deprem nedeniyle 3 katlı boş bina yıkıldı|trans-title=3-storey empty building collapsed due to earthquake in Iskenderun|url=https://www.nethaber.com.tr/iskenderun-da-deprem-nedeniyle-3-katli-bos-bina-yikildi/575908/|access-date=20 February 2023|publisher=Anadolu Agency|date=20 February 2023}} In Syria, five people died during stampedes and panic across several governates and at least 500 people were injured.{{Cite web|title=المرصد السوري: 5 وفيات جراء الزلزال الجديد في سورية|url=https://www.emaratalyoum.com/politics/news/2023-02-21-1.1720781|language=ar|agency=Emarat Al Youm|date=21 February 2023|access-date=21 February 2023}}{{cite news|title=Death toll rises to 8 from new Turkey-Syria earthquake|url=https://apnews.com/article/2023-turkey-syria-earthquake-government-business-18c9a263e69c786e1f9eb77ff49d221b|access-date=21 February 2023|agency=Associated Press|date=21 February 2023}} The White Helmets said people in Aleppo and Idlib were injured by collapsed buildings. Some residents in Jinderis were injured after leaping off buildings. In northwestern Syria, damaged and abandoned buildings collapsed without casualties.{{cite news|last1=Fraser|first1=Suzan|title=3 dead, more than 200 hurt as new quake hits Turkey, Syria|url=https://apnews.com/article/2023-turkey-syria-earthquake-earthquakes-c06d3009207b71df8a8792d4a68296a2|access-date=20 February 2023|agency=Associated Press|date=20 February 2023}} Shaking was felt in Lebanon, Egypt and Jordan.{{cite news|title=Three killed, 213 injured in Turkey border earthquake|url=https://en.royanews.tv/news/40069/Three%20killed,%20213%20injured%20in%20Turkey-Syria%20border%20earthquake|access-date=20 February 2023|agency=Roya News|date=20 February 2023}}

A {{M|ww}}5.2 aftershock occurred on 27 February, near Yeşilyurt.{{Cite web|author=National Earthquake Information Center|title=M 5.2 – 8 km SSE of Yeşilyurt, Turkey|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000jrw4/executive|access-date=27 February 2023|publisher=United States Geological Survey}} It collapsed about 30 buildings in the town.{{Cite news|title=Malatya Valisi Şahin: 5.6 büyüklüğündeki deprem, psikolojik olarak insanları yıktı|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/malatya-valisi-sahin-5-6-buyuklugundeki-deprem-psikolojik-olarak-insanlari-yikti-42227858|language=tr|work=Hürriyet Daily News|date=2 March 2023|access-date=2 March 2023}} Two people died and 140 others were injured; 12 in serious condition.{{Cite news|trans-title=The death toll was 2|title=Ölü sayısı 2 oldu|url=https://www.busabahmalatya.com/haber/14104511/olu-sayisi-2-oldu|language=tr|agency=Busabah Malatya|date=28 February 2023|access-date=28 February 2023|archive-date=28 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228091306/https://www.busabahmalatya.com/haber/14104511/olu-sayisi-2-oldu|url-status=dead}} One fatality and four injuries were attributed to a factory collapse in Kahramanmaraş Province.{{Cite news|title=SON DAKİKA: Depremde hasar gören fabrika çöktü: Ölü ve yaralılar var|url=https://www.cnnturk.com/turkiye/son-dakika-depremde-hasar-goren-fabrika-coktu-olu-ve-yaralilar-var|language=tr|publisher=CNN Turk|date=27 February 2023|access-date=27 February 2023}}

On 25 July, a damaging {{M|ww}} 5.5 aftershock struck Kozan, Adana Province.{{Cite web|author=National Earthquake Information Center|title=M 5.5 – Central Turkey|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000ki5u/executive|date=25 July 2023|access-date=25 July 2023|publisher=United States Geological Survey}} The shock left 63 people injured in Adana and Osmaniye provinces.{{Cite news|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/son-dakika-adanada-5-5-buyuklugunde-deprem-7753295/|title=Adana'da 5.5 büyüklüğünde deprem|date=25 July 2023|access-date=25 July 2023|website=sozcu.com.tr}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/adana-kozanda-55-buyuklugunde-deprem-haber-1629787|title=Adana Kozan'da 5,5 büyüklüğünde deprem: 8 yaralı|date=25 July 2023|access-date=25 July 2023|website=gazeteduvar.com.tr}} A house in Sumbas was also damaged by rockfalls.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bursahayat.com.tr/asayis/depremde-dagdan-kopan-dev-kaya-eve-dustu-488118|title=Depremde dağdan kopan dev kaya eve düştü|date=25 July 2023|access-date=25 July 2023|website=bursahayat.com.tr}} Another aftershock struck Malatya Province on 10 August, measuring {{M|ww}} 5.3.{{Cite web|author=National Earthquake Information Center|title=M 5.3 – eastern Turkey|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000kz45/executive|date=10 August 2023|access-date=10 August 2023|publisher=United States Geological Survey}} Twenty-three people were injured; 22 in Malatya and one in Adıyaman.{{cite news|title=Malatya'da korkutan deprem: 23 yaralı (Son depremler)|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2023/gundem/malatyada-deprem-son-depremler-7769254/|access-date=11 August 2023|publisher=Sözcü|date=11 August 2023|language=tr}} One building collapsed and two were damaged in Malatya.{{Cite news|title=Malatya'da 5.3 Büyüklüğünde Deprem: 1 Bina Yıkıldı, 2 Bina Hasar Gördü|url=https://www.sondakika.com/haber/haber-malatya-da-5-3-buyuklugunde-deprem-1-bina-yikildi--16217031/|date=10 August 2023|access-date=10 August 2023|website=sondakika.com|language=tr}}

A {{M|ww}} 6.0 earthquake struck Kale District, Malatya Province on 16 October 2024,{{cite anss|M 6.0 – 18 km W of Doğanyol, Turkey|2024|us6000nyzk}} causing 254 injuries across seven provinces, with Elazığ Province alone recording 116 injuries.{{cite web|title=Malatya'daki depremde kırsaldaki evleri hasar gören Elazığlılar canlarını kurtardıklarına seviniyor|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/malatyadaki-depremde-kirsaldaki-evleri-hasar-goren-elaziglilar-canlarini-kurtardiklarina-seviniyor/3365304|publisher=Anadolu Agency|access-date=16 October 2024|date=16 October 2024|language=tr}}{{cite web|title=Bakan Yerlikaya: "5.9 büyüklüğündeki depremden 249 vatandaş etkilendi"|url=https://www.yenimesaj.com.tr/bakan-yerlikaya-59-buyuklugundeki-depremden-249-vatandas-etkilendi-H1544823.htm|publisher=Yeni Mesaj Gazetesi|access-date=17 October 2024|date=17 October 2024|language=tr}}

{{Main|Aftermath of the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes}}

File:Indian_NDRF_team_making_way_for_rescue_by_cutting_through_concrete.jpg personnel performing search and rescue in Gaziantep, Turkey as part of Operation Dost]]

Turkey was placed on a "level four" alert to request international aid.{{cite news|last1=Prakash|first1=C.|title=Turkey declares 'level 4 alarm' after hundreds of people killed in 7.8 magnitude earthquake|url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/turkey-declares-level-4-alarm-after-hundreds-of-people-killed-in-7-8-magnitude-earthquake-12110142.html|access-date=12 February 2023|agency=Firstpost|date=6 February 2023}} More than 53,000 Turkish search and rescue personnel were dispatched to the affected provinces.{{Cite web|title=Earthquakes in Turkey and Syria live updates: Death toll soars past 5,000|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/earthquake-turkey-syria-live-updates-rcna69449|access-date=7 February 2023|publisher=NBC News|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207092105/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/earthquake-turkey-syria-live-updates-rcna69449|url-status=live}} Seventy countries also assisted in these operations.{{cite news|title=Turkey declares 3-month emergency in 10 quake-hit provinces|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/2/7/turkey-declares-3-month-emergency-in-10-quake-hit-provinces|access-date=7 February 2023|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207131126/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/2/7/turkey-declares-3-month-emergency-in-10-quake-hit-provinces|url-status=live}} In the first two days, more than 8,000 people were rescued and 380,000 people were relocated to shelters or hotels.{{cite news|title=Fears grow for untold numbers buried by Turkey-Syria earthquake|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/fears-grow-for-untold-numbers-buried-by-turkey-syria-earthquake/|access-date=8 February 2023|agency=Associated Press|work=The Times of Israel|date=8 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208044956/https://www.timesofisrael.com/fears-grow-for-untold-numbers-buried-by-turkey-syria-earthquake/|url-status=live}}{{Cite news |last1=Guzel |first1=M. |last2=Alsayed |first2=G. |last3=Fraser |first3=S. |date=6 February 2023 |title=Powerful quake rocks Turkey and Syria, kills more than 3,400 |url=https://apnews.com/article/earthquake-shakes-turkey-b927808f6a5c54bdb669120faa40b7bc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207003135/https://apnews.com/article/earthquake-shakes-turkey-b927808f6a5c54bdb669120faa40b7bc |archive-date=7 February 2023 |access-date=6 February 2023 |agency=Associated Press}}{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan: Depremde 912 vatandaşımız hayatını kaybetti|trans-title=President Erdoğan: 912 of our citizens lost their lives in the earthquake|publisher=NTV|url=https://www.ntv.com.tr/turkiye/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-depremde-912-vatandasimiz-hayatini-kaybetti,OI1ZVd228U2HQqt9m26_Pg|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206101910/https://www.ntv.com.tr/turkiye/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-depremde-912-vatandasimiz-hayatini-kaybetti,OI1ZVd228U2HQqt9m26_Pg|url-status=live}} An "air aid corridor" was established by the Turkish Armed Forces to mobilize search and rescue teams.{{Cite news|last=Guldogan|first=D.|date=6 February 2023|title=At least 1,121 killed, 7,634 injured as powerful quakes hit southern Türkiye|publisher=Andolu Agency|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/turkiye/at-least-1-121-killed-7-634-injured-as-powerful-quakes-hit-southern-turkiye/2808091|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206145318/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/turkiye/at-least-1-498-killed-8-533-injured-as-powerful-quakes-hit-southern-turkiye/2808091|url-status=live}} Poor weather conditions and damaged roads hampered rescue and relief missions.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=Severe weather hampers earthquake rescuers in Turkey and Syria|publisher=Al Jazeera|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/2/6/severe-weather-hampers-earthquake-rescue-in-turkey-and-syria|access-date=6 February 2023|archive-date=6 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206145800/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/2/6/severe-weather-hampers-earthquake-rescue-in-turkey-and-syria|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/turkey-syria-earthquake-updates-2-7-23-intl#h_771766b3b4057fcb583127a59469363b|title=On the ground: Aid delivery slows down due to traffic and damaged road in Turkey's Kahramanmaras region|publisher=CNN|date=7 February 2023|access-date=8 February 2023|archive-date=9 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209005620/https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/turkey-syria-earthquake-updates-2-7-23-intl/h_771766b3b4057fcb583127a59469363b|url-status=live}} By 19 February, most rescue efforts had concluded except in Hatay and Kahramanmaraş provinces.{{cite news|title=Turkey ends earthquake rescue operations except in two provinces|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/turkey-ends-earthquake-rescue-operations-except-in-two-provinces-101676812464989.html|access-date=19 February 2023|agency=Agence France-Presse|work=Hindustan Times|date=19 February 2023}}

Syria made an appeal to UN member states, the International Committee of the Red Cross, and other humanitarian organizations for international aid. President Bashar al-Assad ordered all teams of the civil defense, firefighting, health and public construction groups to be mobilized in the affected governates.{{cite news|last1=Othman|first1=N.|last2=Qriema|first2=S.|title=All teams and capabilities mobilized in Aleppo to remove rubble and treat the injured|url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299069|access-date=7 February 2023|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=6 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207041320/https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299069|url-status=live}} He also added that medical services, food and shelter were urgently needed. The Ministry of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection was ordered by President al-Assad to supply food and organize teams to distribute them. Technical teams were also on site to evaluate building conditions and evacuate residents in at-risk structures. The Ministry of Water Resources was tasked with rapidly assessing damage to dams, reservoirs and water stations, and ensuring people have access to water.{{cite news|title=President Al-Assad Chairs An Emergency Cabinet Meeting To Discuss The Repercussions of the Earthquake|url=http://syriatimes.sy/president-al-assad-chairs-an-emergency-cabinet-meeting-to-discuss-the-repercussions-of-the-earthquake/|access-date=5 April 2023|work=Syria Times|date=6 February 2023}} Some hotels including in Latakia and Damascus offered to accommodate to survivors free of charge and ensure basic necessities. Refugees and expatriates also opened their homes as shelters for people. Sports facilities, events venues, university dormitories and halls were also opened to take in people. The Syria Trust for Development announced the establishment of shelters across many governorates. Volunteer groups inspected buildings for damage and distributed food items, blankets and first aid essentials.{{cite news|title=Civil initiatives in regime areas do not meet the Quake-stricken people|url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2023/02/civil-initiatives-in-regime-areas-do-not-meet-the-quake-stricken-people/|access-date=8 February 2023|agency=Enab Baladi|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207182418/https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2023/02/civil-initiatives-in-regime-areas-do-not-meet-the-quake-stricken-people/|url-status=live}} Many hospitals were overwhelmed by the large number of casualties and prior to the earthquakes, were already experiencing supply shortages.{{cite news|last1=Baladi|first1=E.|title=Local medics at maximum capacity in response to Turkey-Syria earthquake|url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2023/02/local-medics-at-maximum-capacity-in-response-to-turkey-syria-earthquake/|access-date=8 February 2023|agency=Enab Baladi|date=7 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207143205/https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2023/02/local-medics-at-maximum-capacity-in-response-to-turkey-syria-earthquake/|url-status=live}}

{{transcluded section|Humanitarian response to the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes}}

At least 105 countries pledged support for victims of the earthquake, including humanitarian aid.{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/turkey-syria-earthquake-updates-2-9-23-intl#h_2700d06892d3c9707c61820e6d21ab22|title=Turkey receives offers of quake aid from nearly 100 countries|last=Atay Alam|first=Hande|publisher=CNN|date=9 February 2023|access-date=9 February 2023}} More than eleven countries provided teams with search and rescue dogs to locate victims under the debris{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/julie-rambo-frida-ecko-india-mexico-send-rescue-dogs-to-quake-hit-turkey-2331979-2023-02-08|title=Julie, Romio, Honey and Rambo: India sends rescue dogs to quake-hit Turkey|work=India Today|date=8 February 2023|access-date=10 February 2023}} and monetary support was offered as well.{{Cite news|date=6 February 2023|title=土耳其強震台灣捐20萬美元賑災 蔡總統：願提供即時救援|language=zh-hant|work=Central News Agency (Taiwan)|url=https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aipl/202302060185.aspx|access-date=6 February 2023}}{{Cite web|agency=Xinhua News Agency|date=2023-02-07|title=中国政府决定向土耳其和叙利亚提供紧急援助|trans-title=Chinese government decides to provide emergency aid to Turkey and Syria|url=https://www.toutiao.com/article/7197318290492883516/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230209050139/https://www.toutiao.com/article/7197318290492883516/?wid=1675918912788|archive-date=2023-02-09|website=Toutiao|language=simplified Chinese}}{{Cite web|title=Belgisch B-FAST-team gaat medische hulp bieden aan Turkije en Syrië na zware aardbevingen|url=https://www.nieuwsblad.be/cnt/dmf20230206_96495929|access-date=2023-02-06|website=Het Nieuwsblad|date=6 February 2023|language=nl-BE}} However, outreach to Syria was "less enthusiastic" than that to Turkey, mostly because of the international sanctions on the country and because of government limitations imposed on humanitarian organizations from operating outside areas of their control.{{Cite news|last=Loveluck|first=Louisa|date=10 February 2023|title=In earthquake-battered Syria, a desperate wait for help that never came|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/02/10/syria-turkey-earthquake-aid-rescue/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211033857/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/02/10/syria-turkey-earthquake-aid-rescue/|archive-date=11 February 2023}}{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/02/08/middleeast/syria-left-behind-earthquake-mime-intl/index.html|title=As aid is rushed into Turkey, Syria could be left behind|last1=Ebrahim|first1=Nadeen|last2=Al Masri|first2=Dalya|publisher=CNN|date=8 February 2023|access-date=9 February 2023|quote=While Turkey has received an outpouring of support and aid from dozens of countries, outreach to Syria has been less enthusiastic, raising concerns that victims on one side of the Turkish-Syrian border may be neglected while others are provided for.}}{{cite news|url=https://news.sky.com/story/is-more-aid-being-sent-to-turkey-than-syria-following-the-earthquake-12806160|title=Is more aid being sent to Turkey than Syria following the earthquake?|publisher=Sky News|date=8 February 2023|access-date=9 February 2023}}{{#section:Humanitarian response to the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes|org}}

Investigative reports revealed that the Syrian government had deliberately obstructed aid to all of Syria's opposition-held areas, including the Idlib region, which was the worst-struck area in the earthquake.{{Cite news|author1=Ali Al Ibrahim|author2=Ahmad Haj Hamdo|author3=Mohammad Bassiki|author4=Simon Hooper|date=31 May 2023|title=Syrian government blocked UN earthquake response in opposition areas|work=Middle East Eye|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/syria-government-blocked-un-earthquake-response-opposition-areas|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601172114/https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/syria-government-blocked-un-earthquake-response-opposition-areas|archive-date=1 June 2023}} Syrian government officials and state-run media blamed United States and European Union sanctions against the country for the lack of humanitarian aid and hampering rescue. On 10 February, Syrian president Bashar al-Assad{{Cite web|date=7 February 2023|title=Syrian hospitals overwhelmed with injured after quake: 'They can't take any more'|url=https://observers.france24.com/en/middle-east/20230207-syria-hospitals-doctors-overwhelmed-injuries-earthquake|access-date=14 February 2023|website=The Observers – France 24}} accused Western countries of having "no regard for the human condition."{{cite news|last1=Salem|first1=Mostafa|last2=Kourdi|first2=Eyad|title=Syrian President al-Assad criticizes Western countries in first televised comments since Monday's earthquake|url=https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/turkey-syria-earthquake-updates-2-10-23-intl#h_84be5d5c70a0b901d5f800b6033fc97a|access-date=13 February 2023|publisher=CNN|date=10 February 2023|quote=Standing near a building destroyed by the earthquake, Assad told reporters that Western countries "have no regard for the human condition." This comment is in line with statements heard from government officials and Syria's state-run media, who have pinned the lack of humanitarian aid and hindered rescue equipment on US and EU sanctions.}} The United States Department of the Treasury said its sanctions had already made "robust exemptions for humanitarian efforts", and that after the earthquake it issued a blanket authorization for relief efforts. The United Nations has also been criticized for its policy of focusing aid shipments solely towards the regime, at the expense of Syrian lives in opposition-held territories.{{Cite web|last=Berg|first=Matt|date=13 February 2023|title=For Syria, aid is 'too little, too late'|website=Politico|url=https://www.politico.com/newsletters/national-security-daily/2023/02/13/for-syria-aid-is-too-little-too-late-00082576|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213215018/https://www.politico.com/newsletters/national-security-daily/2023/02/13/for-syria-aid-is-too-little-too-late-00082576|archive-date=13 February 2023}}

Idlib Governorate, under the control of the Syrian Salvation Government (SSG), was one of the hardest-hit territories.{{Cite news|author1=Michaelson, Tondo|author2=Ruth, Lorenzo|date=13 February 2023|title=Grief and desperation in Idlib as earthquake compounds crises|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/13/grief-and-desperation-in-idlib-as-earthquake-compounds-crises|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213190605/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/13/grief-and-desperation-in-idlib-as-earthquake-compounds-crises|archive-date=13 February 2023}} The Assad regime's policy of besieging northwestern Syria, blockading the supply of food, medicines and other humanitarian supplies, has further deteriorated the crisis in Idlib.{{Cite news|last=Ioanes|first=Ellen|date=12 February 2023|title=Why the earthquake caused a 'perfect storm' of a crisis in Syria|work=Vox|url=https://www.vox.com/world/2023/2/12/23594720/earthquake-aid-crisis-syria-united-nations|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214211353/https://www.vox.com/world/2023/2/12/23594720/earthquake-aid-crisis-syria-united-nations|archive-date=14 February 2023}} Ahmed al-Sharaa, commander of the SSG-aligned Tahrir al-Sham rebel militia, criticized aid agencies of neglecting the situation in Idlib and called on the international community to be more proactive in reconstruction and relief efforts, adding that the "United Nations needs to understand that it's required to help in a crisis".{{Cite news|author1=Michaelson, Tondo|author2=Ruth, Lorenzo|date=13 February 2023|title=Syrian rebel leader pleads for outside help a week on from earthquakes|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/13/syria-earthquake-rebel-leader-pleas-for-outside-help|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214012142/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/13/syria-earthquake-rebel-leader-pleas-for-outside-help|archive-date=14 February 2023}} Upon traveling to the Bab al-Hawa Border Crossing bordering the rebel-held territories, UNOCHA Under-Secretary Martin Griffith stated on 12 February that "We have so far failed the people in north-west Syria". As of 13 February, Ankara and the Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army were accused of blocking aid convoys sent by the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria from entering the north-west region.{{Cite web|author=Amberin Zaman|date=13 February 2023|title=Did US pressure force Turkey to let Syrian-Kurdish earthquake aid into rebel-held northwest?|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/02/did-us-pressure-force-turkey-let-syrian-kurdish-earthquake-aid-rebel-held|access-date=21 February 2023|website=Al-Monitor}}{{Cite web|date=15 February 2023|title=Northwest Syria: Aid Delays Deadly for Quake Survivors|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/02/15/northwest-syria-aid-delays-deadly-quake-survivors|access-date=21 February 2023|publisher=Human Rights Watch}}

The United Nations (UN) criticized Russia's attempts to block delivery of aid through checkpoints to rebel-held territories. Secretary-General António Guterres urged the Security Council to immediately permit aid flows into Northwestern Syria.{{Cite news|last=Nichols|first=Michelle|date=11 February 2023|title=Frustration at UN ahead of likely row with Russia on Syria aid|agency=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/frustration-un-ahead-likely-row-with-russia-syria-aid-2023-02-10/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211041932/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/frustration-un-ahead-likely-row-with-russia-syria-aid-2023-02-10/|archive-date=11 February 2023}} The United States appealed for the immediate opening of all closed checkpoints to send in relief efforts to all parts of Syria; calling for an emergency Security Council meeting to increase humanitarian assistance through Bab al-Hawa and open up more border crossings for the entry of UN aid. Stéphane Dujarric, a United Nations spokesperson, said on 14 February, "some aid is getting into the north-west, pointing to 58 trucks that arrived with aid through the Bab Al-Hawa crossing." However, the organization does not possess heavy equipment or search and rescue teams. He stressed that the "international community as a whole needs to step up to get that aid where it is needed."{{cite news|last1=Lederer|first1=Edith M.|title=UN says Syria agrees to open 2 new crossings for quake aid|url=https://apnews.com/article/politics-syria-united-nations-bashar-assad-antonio-guterres-e9e0b8ede0c9b908ef25b3f30b8380db|access-date=14 February 2023|agency=Associated Press|date=14 February 2023}}

Raed al-Saleh, chief of the White Helmets, a volunteer civil defense organization, strongly rebuked the UN for its negligence and delay in responding to the rescue efforts:

"Let me be clear: The White Helmets received no support from the United Nations during the most critical moments of the rescue operations.. The UN's failure to respond quickly to this catastrophe is shameful. When I asked the UN why help had failed to arrive in time, the answer I received was bureaucracy. In the face of one of the deadliest catastrophes to strike the world in years, it seems the UN's hands were tied by red tape."

File:Field hospital built in Gaziantep by the Japanese Health Team after 7.8 magnitude earthquake.jpg

Due to below-freezing temperatures in the affected areas in both Turkey and Syria, the mayor of Hatay, Lütfü Savaş, warned about the risk of hypothermia.Hatay Belediye Başkanı Lütfü Savaş yetkililere çağrı yaptı: 'Hipotermi tehlikesi var' https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/hatay-belediye-baskani-lutfu-savas-yetkililere-cagri-yapti-hipotermi-tehlikesi-var-2048940 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207095835/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/hatay-belediye-baskani-lutfu-savas-yetkililere-cagri-yapti-hipotermi-tehlikesi-var-2048940 |date=7 February 2023 }} In Adiyaman Province, some residents trapped under rubble died from hypothermia.{{cite news|last1=Bacon|first1=John|last2=Ortiz|first2=Jorge L.|title=Earthquake death toll over 21,000; Turkey evacuates thousands; UN aid reaches Syria: recap|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2023/02/09/turkey-earthquake-live-updates-death-toll/11218360002/|access-date=21 February 2023|work=USA Today|date=9 February 2023}}

Concerns arose regarding the possible spread of infection in areas where sanitation facilities were damaged or unfunctional. Due to water shortage experienced in both countries, many survivors could not shower. International health organizations said the shortage of clean water would be a public health risk. The World Health Organization said water shortage "increases the risk of waterborne diseases and outbreaks of communicable diseases."{{cite news|last1=Chacar|first1=Henriette|title=Disease the new threat as Turkey faces post-quake water shortage|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/disease-new-threat-turkey-faces-post-quake-water-shortage-2023-02-15/|access-date=19 February 2023|agency=Reuters|date=15 February 2023}}

On 18 February, Turkey's Health Minister Fahrettin Koca said there was an increase in intestinal and upper respiratory infection cases but "numbers did not pose a serious threat to public health." At a stadium serving as shelter in Kahramanmaraş, a clinic managed by 15 to 30 medics attended up to 10,000 patients in the day. The clinic provided tetanus shots and sanitary items to residents. Many people at the stadium were unable to shower and the six toilets were unable to accommodate to the large number of people. In Antakya, residents said more portable toilets were needed.

Health authorities in Turkey had to ensure earthquake survivors were free of disease. The World Health Organization collaborated with local authorities to monitor the rates of waterborne diseases, seasonal influenza and COVID-19 among the affected.

{{transcluded section|Reactions to the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes}}

{{#section:Reactions to the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes|mourning}}

{{#section:Reactions to the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes|cond}}

{{Portal|Asia|Earth sciences|Europe|Turkey}}

• Aftermath of the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes
• Humanitarian response to the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes
• Reactions to the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes
• List of costliest earthquakes
• List of earthquakes in 2023
• List of earthquakes in Turkey
• Lists of 21st-century earthquakes

{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• {{Cite report|url=https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/assets/pdf/Kahramanmaras%20%20Depremleri_%20On%20Degerlendirme%20Raporu.pdf|publisher=AFAD|date=9 February 2023|title=06 Şubat 2023 Pazarcik (Kahramanmaraş) Mw 7.7 Elbistan (Kahramanmaraş) Mw 7.6 Depremlerine İlişkin Ön Değerlendirme Raporu|trans-title=Preliminary Evaluation Report on the 06 February 2023 Pazarcik (Kahramanmaraş) Mw 7.7 and Elbistan (Kahramanmaraş) Mw 7.6 Earthquakes|language=tr|editor=Earthquake Department}}
• {{cite web|title=The science behind an earthquake|publisher=Utrecht University|first=Rob|last=Govers|location=Utrecht|date=14 February 2023|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pUoM5SMilqY|via=YouTube}} {{ORCID|0000-0001-7148-8857}}
• {{cite report|author=UN|author-link=United Nations|title=Türkiye: 2023 Earthquakes Situation Report No.1|publisher=OHCA|date=16 February 2023|url=https://reliefweb.int/attachments/f6603038-b17a-4e33-bc9b-3ab3384639d9/20230216_T%C3%BCrkiye%20EQ%20Situation%20Report_06-16%20Feb%202023.pdf}}
• {{cite report|editor1-last=Çetin|editor1-first=Kemal Önder|editor2-last=Ilgaç|editor2-first=Makbule|editor3-last=Can|editor3-first=Gizem|editor4-last=Çakır|editor4-first=Elife|title=Preliminary Reconnaissance Report on February 6, 2023, Pazarcık Mw=7.7 and Elbistan Mw=7.6, Kahramanmaraş-Türkiye Earthquakes|date=20 February 2023|url=https://learningfromearthquakes.org/2023-02-06-nurdagi-turkey/images/2023_02_06_nurdagi_turkey/DMAM_Report_2023_Kahramanmaras-Pazarcik_and_Elbistan_Earthquakes_Report_final_ENG.pdf|access-date=1 March 2023|publisher=Middle East Technical University|number=METU/EERC 2023-01}}
• {{cite report|last1=Utkucu|first1=Murat|last2=Uzunca|first2=Fatih|last3=Durmuş|first3=Hatice|last4=Nalbant|first4=Suleyman|title=The 2023 Pazarcik (Mw=7.8) and Elbi̇stan (Mw=7.6), Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in the southeast Türki̇ye|date=22 February 2023|url=https://jfm.sakarya.edu.tr/sites/jfm.sakarya.edu.tr/file/Aftershock_Report.pdf|access-date=1 March 2023|publisher=Sakarya University}}
• {{cite report|last1=Taftsoglou|first1=Maria|last2=Valkaniotis|first2=Sotiris|last3=Karantanellis|first3=Efstratios|last4=Goula|first4=Evmorfia|last5=Papathanassiou|first5=George|title=Preliminary mapping of liquefaction phenomena triggered by the February 6 2023 M7.7 earthquake, Türkiye / Syria, based on remote sensing data|date=23 February 2023|doi=10.5281/zenodo.7668401|url=https://zenodo.org/record/7668401}}
• {{Cite report|title=February 6, 2023 Türkiye Earthquakes: Report on Geoscience and Engineering Impacts|date=6 May 2023|url=https://learningfromearthquakes.org/images/2023_02_06_nurdagi_turkey/GEER_2023_Turkey_Earthquake_FullReport_ReducedSize.pdf|last1=Çen|first1=K. Önder|doi=10.18118/G6PM34|last2=Bray|first2=Jonathan D.|publisher=Earthquake Engineering Research Institute|edition=GEER Associaon Report 082|last3=Frost|first3=J. David|last4=Hortacsu|first4=Ayse|last5=Miranda|first5=Eduardo|last6=Moss|first6=Robb Eric S.|last7=Stewart|first7=Jonathan P.}}

{{Sister project links|commons=|s=no|wikt=no|n=Death toll from earthquake in Syria and Turkey surpasses 20,000|v=no|b=no|d=Q116691303}}

• {{ReliefWeb-link|eq-2023-000015-tur}}
• {{EQ-isc-link|625613033}} – {{M|w}} 7.8 at 01:17 UTC
• {{EQ-isc-link|625614289}} – {{M|w}} 7.7 at 10:24 UTC
• {{cite web|title=Kahramanmaraş Supersite science page|url=http://geo-gsnl.org/kahramanmaras-supersite-science-page/|publisher=Group on Earth Observations}}

{{2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake}}

{{Earthquakes in 2023}}

{{Earthquakes in Turkey}}

{{Earthquakes in Syria}}

{{earthquakes in the Levant}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Turkey-Syria earthquake, 2023}}

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