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1693

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}

{{Year dab|1693}}

{{Year nav|1693}}

File:Etnas 1669 eruption.jpg: Mount Etna volcano erupts in Italy, leading to earthquake that kills 60,000 people.]]

{{C17 year in topic}}

{{Year article header|1693}}

Events

= January–March =

= April–June =

= July–September =

= October–December =

  • October – William Congreve's comedy The Double-Dealer is first performed in London.{{cite book|title=McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama|volume=4|first=Stanley|last=Hochman|page=542}}{{cite book|last1=Palmer|first1=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=198–200|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}
  • October 4 – Battle of Marsaglia near Turin in the Duchy of Savoy: A French force under the command of General Nicolas Catinat defeats the Savoyard forces, leaving 10,000 dead or wounded, while sustaining only 1,000 casualties.
  • October 11 – Charleroi falls to French forces.
  • October 29 – The Great Storm changes the course of rivers and alters the coastline from Virginia to Long Island in America.{{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/late-season-tropical-storms-that-have-affected-the-us-north-of-hatte.html|title=Late Season Tropical Storms that have affected the U.S. north of Hatteras – Weather Extremes|website=wunderground.com|accessdate=September 29, 2022}}
  • November 7 – King Charles II of Spain issues a royal edict providing sanctuary in Spanish Florida for escaped slaves from the English colony of South Carolina.Alejandra Dubcovsky, Informed Power: Communication in the Early American South (Harvard University Press, 2016)Ned Sublette and Constance Sublette, American Slave Coast: A History of the Slave-Breeding Industry (Chicago Review Press, 2015)
  • November 14 – General Santaji Ghorpade of the Maratha Empire in India is defeated by General Himmat Khan of the Mughal Empire near Vikramhalli, and retreats. A week later, after regrouping his troops, Santaji defeats Himmat at their next encounter.
  • November 21 – The 46-gun Royal Navy frigate HMS Mordaunt founders off of the coast of Cuba.
  • November 29 – A fleet of 30 English and Dutch ships captures the French port of Saint-Malo
  • December 16 – Diego de Vargas, Spanish colonial governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo México (now the area around the capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico), returns to the walled city of Santa Fe and requests the Pueblo people to accept the authority of the colonial government. Negotiations fail and a siege begins on December 29. The Pueblo defenders surrender the next day and the 70 rebels are executed soon after. The 400 civilian women and children are made slaves and distributed to the Spanish colonists.Ramón A. Gutiérrez, When Jesus Came, the Corn Mothers Went Away: Marriage, Sexuality, and Power in New Mexico, 1500–1846 (Stanford University Press, 1991) p. 145
  • December 27 – The new 80-gun English Navy warship HMS Sussex departs Portsmouth on its maiden voyage, escorting a fleet of 48 warships and 166 merchant ships to the Mediterranean Sea. The fleet runs into a storm on February 27, 1694, and on March 1, Sussex and 12 other warships sink, along with a cargo of gold.

= Date unknown =

  • China concentrates all its foreign trade on Canton; European ships are forbidden to land anywhere else.
  • A religious schism takes place in Switzerland, within a group of Swiss and Alsatian Anabaptists led by Jakob Ammann. Those who follow Ammann become the Mennonite Amish sect.{{cite book|last=Kraybill|first=Donald B.|author-link=Donald Kraybill|title=Anabaptist World USA|publisher=Herald Press|year=2001|isbn=0-8361-9163-3|pages=7–8}}
  • The Knights of the Apocalypse are formed in Italy.
  • The Academia Operosorum Labacensium is established in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
  • Financier Richard Hoare relocates Hoare's Bank (founded 1672) from Cheapside to Fleet Street in London.
  • Italian barber Giovanni Paolo Feminis creates a perfume water called Aqua Admirabilis, earliest known form of eau de Cologne.{{cite book|last1=Pepe|first1=Tracy|title=So, What's All the Sniff About?|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dZYVMRG0PMAC|year=2000|page=46|publisher=So Whats all the Sniff about |isbn=9780968707609|access-date=July 11, 2015}}
  • John Locke publishes his influential book Some Thoughts Concerning Education.{{#invoke:Cite web||first=Hugh|last=Cunningham|title=Re-inventing childhood|url=http://www.open2.net/theinventionofchildhood/childhood_inventions.html|work=open2.net|publisher=Open University|access-date=June 16, 2010}}
  • William Penn publishes his proposal for European federation, Essay on the Present and Future Peace of Europe.
  • English astronomer Edmond Halley studies records of births and deaths in Breslau (Poland), producing a life table consolidating year of birth and age at death. He uses this to work out the price of life annuities.{{cite book|title=A Short History of Mathematical Population Dynamics|chapter=Halley's life table (1693)|author=Nicolas Bacaër|date=February 2011 |publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-85729-115-8|location=London}}
  • Dimitrie Cantemir presents his Kitâbu 'İlmi'l-Mûsiki alâ Vechi'l-Hurûfât (The Book of the Science of Music through Letters) to Sultan Ahmed II, which deals with melodic and rhythmic structure and practice of Ottoman music, and contains the scores for around 350 works composed during and before his own time, in an alphabetical notation system he invented.

Births

File:Apb Matthew Hutton.jpg born 3 January]]

File:José del Campillo.jpg born 13 February]]

File:Malhar Rao Holkar contemporary.jpg born 16 March]]

File:Mary Alexander.jpg born 16 April]]

File:Annasophiereventlow.jpg born 16 April]]

File:Thomas Gent, Mezzotint by Nathan Drake.jpg born 4 May]]

File:Diego de Torres Villarroel.jpg born 17 June]]

File:Christian-August-Hausen-d J.jpg born 19 June]]

File:Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach.jpg born 13 September]]

File:Madame de Parabère en Minerve.jpg born 6 October]]

File:Portrait of Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon (1693-1775), Princess of Conti by Pierre Gobert.jpg born 22 November]]

File:Nathaniel Appleton.jpg born 9 December]]

= January–March =

= April–June =

= July–September =

= October–December =

Deaths

File:Sultan Mehmed IV (2).jpg died 6 January]]

File:Château de Bussy-Rabutin - Marguerite Hessein, dame de Rambouillet de la Sablière (bgw19 0371) (cropped).jpg died 6 January]]

File:Blondeau, Jacques (1655-1698) - Il card. Federico Visconti, arcivescovo di Milano.jpg died 7 January]]

File:Jean de Brito (1647-1693) 2.jpg died 4 February]]

File:Constantin&AntiohCantemir.jpg died 24 March]]

File:Rembrandt 213.jpg died 31 March]]

File:Roger de Bussy-Rabutin en armure de lieutenant-général du roi (bgw17 0152).jpg died 9 April]]

File:Rutger von Ascheberg.jpg died 17 April]]

File:Madame de La Fayette.jpg died 25 May]]

File:Willem Kalf.jpg died 31 July]]

File:Cardinal Flavio Chigi by Jacob Ferdinand Voet.jpg died 13 September]]

File:BankeiYotaku.jpg died 30 September]]

File:Theodor Heinrich von Strattmann.jpg died 25 October]]

File:Kipryjan Žachoŭski. Кіпрыян Жахоўскі (A. Tarasievič, 1683).jpg died 26 October]]

File:Job Berckheyde zelfportret 1665.JPG died 23 November]]

File:Willem van de Velde, by Gerard Sibelius after Godfrey Kneller-2.jpg died 13 December]]

= January–March =

= April–June =

= July–September =

= October–December =

References

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