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1691

{{Year dab|1691}}

{{Year nav|1691}}

File:The Foundering of the 'Coronation' 90 Guns at Rame Head.jpg: Sinking of HMS Coronation and HMS Harwich kills 900 English Navy sailors at Plymouth Sound.]]

File:Szalánkeméni csata (Friedrich Kaiser).jpg: Holy Roman Empire and allies defeat the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Slankamen (now in Serbia) and 25,000 Turks are killed.]]

{{C17 year in topic}}{{Year article header|1691}}

File:Battle of Aughrim by Jan Wyk.jpg: Army of King William III defeats supporters of former King James II at the Battle of Aughrim.]]

Events

= January–March =

  • January 6 – King William III of England, who rules Scotland and Ireland as well as being the Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, departs from Margate to tend to the affairs of the Netherlands.Frederic Hervey, The Naval History of Great Britain: From the Earliest Times to the Rising of the Parliament in 1779 (William Adlard Publishing, 1779) p. 420
  • January 14 – A fleet of ships carrying 827 Spanish Navy sailors and marines arrives at Manzanillo Bay on the island of Hispaniola in what is now the Dominican Republic and joins 700 Spanish cavalry, then proceeds westward to invade the French side of the island in what is now Haiti."King William's War (1688–1697)", in Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the New World, 1492 to the Present by David E. Marley (ABC-CLIO, 1998) p. 206
  • January 15 – King Louis XIV of France issues an order specifically prohibiting play of games of chance, specifically naming basset and similar games, on penalty of 1,000 livres for the first offence."Jeu", in A Military Dictionary, or explanation of the several systems of discipline of different kinds of troops, by William Duane (William Duane, 1810) p. 288
  • January 23 – Spanish colonial administrator Domingo Terán de los Ríos, most recently the governor of Sonora y Sinaloa on the east side of the Gulf of California, is assigned by the Viceroy of New Spain to administer a new province that governs lands on both sides of the Río Bravo del Norte, "Coahuila y Tejas", and effectively becomes the first Governor of Texas.
  • February 13 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony issues the first paper money in North America, in lieu of coins, two months after a December 20 law authorizing the printing. The oldest known specimen, for 20 Massachusetts shillings bears the date "Feb. 3, 1690" based on the British old style calendar in use at the time.Andrew McFarland Davis, Currency and Banking in the Province of the Massachusetts-Bay, Volume 1, Issue 4 (American Economic Association, 1900) p.370
  • February 28 – An annular solar eclipse is visible across the Philippines, North Borneo and eastern Sumatra.{{Cite web|url=http://astro.ukho.gov.uk/eclipse/0231691/|title=Annular Eclipse of the Sun: 1691 February 28|website=astro.ukho.gov.uk|accessdate=October 3, 2022}}
  • March 5 – Nine Years' War: French troops under Marshal Louis-Francois de Boufflers besiege the Spanish-held town of Mons.
  • March 14 – The Public Security Police Force of Macau is founded.{{Cite web|title=História |trans-title=History |url=http://www.fsm.gov.mo/psp/por/psp_org_2.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702173917/http://www.fsm.gov.mo/psp/por/psp_org_2.html |archive-date=July 2, 2011 |access-date=June 28, 2010 |publisher=Corpo de Polícia de Segurança Pública |language=pt}}
  • March 17 – The Athenian Mercury begins twice-weekly publication by The Athenian Society in London.
  • March 20 – Leisler's Rebellion: A new governor arrives in New York – Jacob Leisler surrenders, after a standoff of several hours.{{Cite web|url=http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/1691 |title=Historical Events for Year 1691 {{pipe}} OnThisDay.com |website=Historyorb.com |date=1691 |access-date=July 8, 2016}}
  • March 29 – The Siege of Mons ends in the city's surrender.

= April–June =

  • April 9 – A fire at the Palace of Whitehall in London destroys its Stone Gallery."Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p46
  • May 6
  • The Spanish Inquisition condemns and forcibly baptizes 219 Xuetas in Palma, Majorca. When 37 try to escape the island, they are burned alive at the stake.
  • The Province of New York establishes the New York Supreme Court as the Supreme Court of Judicature. It is the oldest Supreme Court with general original jurisdiction.
  • May 16 – Jacob Leisler is hanged for treason.
  • June – The first performance takes place of the semi-opera King Arthur with a libretto by John Dryden and music by Henry Purcell.{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/285 285]|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/285}}
  • June 23 – Ahmed II (1691–1695) succeeds Suleiman II (1687–1691), as Ottoman Emperor.

= July–September =

= October–December =

  • October 3 – The Treaty of Limerick, ending the Williamite War in Ireland and guaranteeing civil rights to Roman Catholics, is signed. The Flight of the Wild Geese follows.
  • October 17 (October 7 O.S.) – In New England, the two separate colonies of Massachusetts Bay Colony and Plymouth Colony are united into a single entity by an act of the King and Queen of England.
  • November 26 – In Limerick, "A Form of Prayer and Thanksgiving to the Almighty God for the Preservation of Their Majesties, the Success of Their Forces in the reducing of Ireland, and for His Majesties Safe Return" is celebrated in all Anglican churches in Britain and Ireland by order of Archbishop Tillotson."Special Forms of Prayer in the Church of England", Part III, The Newberry House Magazine (February 1893) p. 137
  • December 6 – During the Morean War, Captain Luca Dalla Rocca of Naples betrays Venice by surrendering the fortress of Gramvousa, on the island of Crete to the Ottoman Turks, in return for a large amount of money and sanctuary in Istanbul."Turkish Rule in Crete", by Theocharis Detorakis, in Crete, History and Civilization (1988) p. 343
  • December 22 – Patrick Sarsfield and 19,000 troops of the Irish Army who had been supporters of the Jacobite Rebellion leave the country and relocate to France.

= Date unknown =

Births

File:GeorgeLilloPort.jpg born 3 February]]

File:Francesco Alborea.jpg born 7 March]]

File:James Alexander New York lawyer.jpg born 27 May]]

File:Giovanni Paolo Pannini by Blanchet.jpg born 17 June]]

File:Alessandro Galilei.jpg born 25 August]]

File:Arthur Onslow by Hans Hysing.jpg born 1 October]]

File:Catherine Ivanovna, Tsarevna of Russia and Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.jpg born 20 October]]

File:Sirdudleyryder.jpg born 4 November]]

File:Cornelis Pronk (1691-1759) , by Cornelis Pronk.jpg born 10 December]]

= January–March =

= April–June =

= July–September =

= October–December =

Deaths

File:Fox by Lely 2.jpg died 13 January]]

File:Richard Lower (1631-1691), anatomist. Oil painting by Jacob Wellcome M0007626.jpg died 17 January]]

File:Portrait of Pope Alexander VIII – Roman School of 17th Century – (unframed).jpg died 1 February]]

File:Brother Lawrence in the kitchen.jpg died 12 February]]

File:Luo Wenzao (Gregory Lopez).jpg died 27 February]]

File:Thomas Lamplugh-kneller.jpg died 5 May]]

File:Cornelis Tromp 1629-91 by Peter Lely.jpg died 29 May]]

File:Süleyman II.jpg died 22 June]]

File:Godfrey Kneller (1646-1723) - Lady Mary Compton (1668–1691), Countess of Dorset - 129920 - National Trust.jpg died 6 August]]

File:Kumazawa Banzan portrait.jpg died 9 September]]

File:Hooft,catharina.jpg died 30 September]]

File:Isaac de Benserade - Versailles MV 2927.jpg died 10 October]]

File:Portrait of Israel Silvestre by Le Brun - israel-silvestre-fr.jpg died 11 October]]

File:Slingelandt, Pieter Cornelis van - himself - 17th century.jpg died 7 November]]

File:Robert Boyle 0001.jpg]]

= January–March =

= April–June =

= July–September =

= October–December =

See also

References

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