Heathrow Airport#Terminal 5

Heathrow is {{convert|14|miles}} west of Central London. It is located {{convert|3|miles|0}} west of Hounslow, {{convert|3|miles|0}} south of Hayes, and {{convert|3|miles|0}} north-east of Staines-upon-Thames.

Heathrow falls entirely within the boundaries of the London Borough of Hillingdon, and under the Twickenham postcode area, with the postcode TW6. It is surrounded by the villages of Sipson, Harlington, Harmondsworth, and Longford to the north and the neighbourhoods of Cranford and Hatton to the east. To the south lie Feltham, Bedfont, and Stanwell while to the west Heathrow is separated from Slough, Horton and Windsor in Berkshire by the M25 motorway. The airport is located within the Hayes and Harlington parliamentary constituency.{{cn|date=January 2025}}

As the airport is located west of London and as its runways run east–west, an aircraft's landing approach is usually directly over the Greater London Urban Area when the wind has a westerly component—as it often has. The airport forms part of a travel to work area consisting of (most of) Greater London, and neighbouring parts of the surrounding Home Counties.{{cn|date=January 2025}}

File:Aerial photograph of Heathrow Airport, 1955.jpg

{{For|a chronicled history of Heathrow Airport|History of Heathrow Airport}}

Heathrow Airport began in 1929 as a small airfield (Great West Aerodrome) on land southeast of the hamlet of Heathrow from which the airport takes its name. At that time the land consisted of farms, market gardens and orchards; there was a "Heathrow Farm" approximately where the modern Terminal 2 is situated, a "Heathrow Hall" and a "Heathrow House." This hamlet was largely along a country lane (Heathrow Road), which ran roughly along the east and south edges of the present central terminals area.{{cn|date=May 2025}}

Development of the whole Heathrow area as a much larger airport began in 1944 during World War II. It was intended for long-distance military aircraft bound for the Far East. By the time some of the airfield's runways were usable, World War II had ended, and the UK Government continued to develop the site as a civil airport. The airport was opened on 25 March 1946 as London Airport. The airport was renamed Heathrow Airport in the last week of September 1966, to avoid confusion with the other two airports which serve London, Gatwick and Stansted.{{cite news |last1=Copps |first1=Alan |title=Airport News: Flights May Be Halted by Pay Freeze Row |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122374618/airport-news-flights-may-be-halted-by-p/ |work=Middlesex Chronicle |date=30 September 1966 |page=8 |via=Newspapers.com |quote=BAA this week announced their intention to revive the name Heathrow as the official title of the airport. This, they say, is being done to avoid confusion with the other two airports which serve London, Gatwick and Stansted. In future, they will refer to what is now known as London Airport as Heathrow Airport-London.}} The design for the airport was by Sir Frederick Gibberd. He set out the original terminals and central-area buildings, including the original control tower and the multi-faith Chapel of St George's.

File:A6EEE-LHR-20241011-161753.jpg Airbus A380 passing over Myrtle Avenue on approach to runway 27L at Heathrow]]

File:PK-GIA 01052016 LHR (26811354066).jpg Boeing 777 taxiing past Heathrow's control tower]]

File:Concorde G-BOAB at Heathrow.jpg Concorde preserved at Heathrow]]

Heathrow Airport is used by over 89 airlines flying to 214 destinations in 84 countries. The airport is the primary hub of British Airways and is a base for Virgin Atlantic. It has four passenger terminals (numbered 2 to 5) and a cargo terminal. In 2021 Heathrow served 19.4 million passengers, of which 17 million were international and 2.4 million domestic. The busiest year ever recorded was 2019 when 80.9 million passengers travelled through the airport. Heathrow is the UK's largest port by value with a network of over 218 destinations worldwide. The busiest single destination in passenger numbers is New York, with over three{{nbsp}}million passengers flying between Heathrow and JFK Airport in 2021.{{cite web |title=International Air Passenger Traffic To and From Reporting Airports for 2013 |url=http://www.caa.co.uk/docs/80/airport_data/2013Annual/Table_12_1_Intl_Air_Pax_Route_Analysis_2013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704161033/https://www.caa.co.uk/docs/80/airport_data/2013Annual/Table_12_1_Intl_Air_Pax_Route_Analysis_2013.pdf |archive-date=4 July 2015 |access-date=12 February 2015 |publisher=Civil Aviation Authority |page=68}}

In the 1950s, Heathrow had six runways, arranged in three pairs at different angles in the shape of a hexagram with the permanent passenger terminal in the middle and the older terminal along the north edge of the field; two of its runways would always be within 30° of the wind direction. As the required length for runways has grown, Heathrow now has only two parallel runways running east–west. These are extended versions of the two east–west runways from the original hexagram. From the air, almost all of the original runways can still be seen, incorporated into the present system of taxiways.

North of the northern runway and the former taxiway and aprons, now the site of extensive car parks, is the entrance to the access tunnel and the site of Heathrow's unofficial "gate guardian". For many years the home of a 40% scale model of a British Airways Concorde, G-CONC; the site has been occupied by a model of an Emirates Airbus A380 since 2008.{{cite news |date=30 March 2007 |title=Heathrow Concorde model removed |newspaper=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/6509667.stm |access-date=23 March 2018 |archive-date=16 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200316023144/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/6509667.stm |url-status=live }}

Heathrow Airport has Anglican, Catholic, Free Church, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim and Sikh chaplains. There is a multi-faith prayer room and counselling room in each terminal, in addition to St. George's Interdenominational Chapel in an underground vault adjacent to the old control tower, where Christian services take place. The chaplains organise and lead prayers at certain times in the prayer room.{{cite web |title=Multi faith prayer rooms |url=https://www.heathrow.com/airport-guide/terminal-facilities-and-services/multi-faith-prayer-rooms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181223085213/https://www.heathrow.com/airport-guide/terminal-facilities-and-services/multi-faith-prayer-rooms |archive-date=23 December 2018 |publisher=Heathrow Airport}}

The airport has its resident press corps, consisting of six photographers and one TV crew, serving all the major newspapers and television stations around the world.{{cite news |date=13 July 2007 |title=Heathrow's hidden gems |agency=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/TRAVEL/07/13/bt.citytips/index.html |url-status=live |access-date=21 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105075832/http://www.cnn.com/2007/TRAVEL/07/13/bt.citytips/index.html |archive-date=5 November 2012}}

Most of Heathrow's internal roads’ names are coded by their first letter: N in the north (e.g. Newall Road), E in the east (e.g. Elmdon Road), S in the south (e.g. Stratford Road), W in the west (e.g. Walrus Road), C in the centre (e.g. Camborne Road).

The top cargo export destinations include the United States, China and the United Arab Emirates handling 1.4 million tonnes of cargo in 2022. The top products exported were books, salmon and medicine.{{cite web |date=23 September 2023 |title=Facts and figures |url=https://www.heathrow.com/company/about-heathrow/facts-and-figures |access-date=25 September 2023 |publisher=Heathrow Airport |archive-date=31 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230831162611/https://www.heathrow.com/company/about-heathrow/facts-and-figures |url-status=live }}

Aircraft destined for Heathrow are usually routed to one of four holding points. Air traffic controllers at Heathrow Approach Control (based in Swanwick, Hampshire) then guide the aircraft to their final approach, merging aircraft from the four holds into a single stream of traffic, sometimes as close as {{convert|2.5|NM}} apart. Considerable use is made of continuous descent approach techniques to minimise the environmental effects of incoming aircraft, particularly at night.{{cite report|publisher=BAA Heathrow|title=Flight Evaluation Report 2004/05|date=2004–2005|url=http://www.heathrowairport.com/assets//B2CPortal/Static%20Files/New2005Booklet.pdf|access-date=2 November 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051126064156/http://www.heathrowairport.com/assets//B2CPortal/Static%20Files/New2005Booklet.pdf|archive-date=26 November 2005|url-status=dead}} Once an aircraft is established on its final approach, control is handed over to Heathrow Tower.

When runway alternation was introduced, aircraft generated significantly more noise on departure than when landing, so a preference for westerly operations during daylight was introduced, which continues to this day.During periods of westerly operation, aircraft continue to fly in a westerly direction with an easterly tailwind component of up to {{convert|5|kn|km/h mph}}, if the runway is dry and there is no significant crosswind. In this mode, aircraft take off towards the west and land from the east over London, thereby minimising the impact of noise on the most densely populated areas. Heathrow's two runways generally operate in segregated mode, whereby landings are allocated to one runway and takeoffs to the other. To further reduce noise nuisance, the use of runways 27R and 27L is swapped at 15:00 local each day if the wind is from the west. When landings are easterly there is no alternation; 09L remains the landing runway and 09R the takeoff runway due to the legacy of the now rescinded Cranford Agreement, pending taxiway works to allow the roles to be reversed. As of 2025, Hillingdon Council are considering plans submitted by Heathrow Airport Limited for infrastructure works that would facilitate runway alternation during easterly operation.{{Cite web |title=Heathrow easterly alternation |url=https://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/heathrow-easterly-alteration |access-date=2025-05-29 |website=Hillingdon Council |language=en}} Occasionally, landings are allowed on the nominated departure runway, to help reduce airborne delays and to position landing aircraft closer to their terminal, reducing taxi times.

Night-time flights at Heathrow are subject to restrictions. Between 23:00 and 04:00, the noisiest aircraft (rated QC/8 and QC/16) cannot be scheduled for operation. Also, during the night quota period (23:30–06:00) there are four limits:

• A limit on the number of flights allowed.
• A Quota Count system which limits the total amount of noise permitted, but allows operators to choose to operate fewer noisy aircraft or a greater number of quieter planes.{{cite web|title=Noise limits|url=http://www.heathrowairport.com/noise/what-we-do-about-it/measures-already-in-place/noise-limits|publisher=Heathrow Airport|access-date=27 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121225040213/http://www.heathrowairport.com/noise/what-we-do-about-it/measures-already-in-place/noise-limits|archive-date=25 December 2012|url-status=live}}
• QC/4 aircraft cannot be scheduled for operation.
• A voluntary agreement with the airlines that no early-morning arrivals will be scheduled to land before 04:30.

A trial of "noise-relief zones" ran from December 2012 to March 2013, which concentrated approach flight paths into defined areas compared with the existing paths which were spread out. The zones used alternated weekly, meaning residents in the "no-fly" areas received respite from aircraft noise for set periods.{{cite news|title=Heathrow begins trial of noise relief zones|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-20591037|work=BBC News|date=4 December 2012|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118151208/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-20591037|archive-date=18 November 2018|url-status=live}} However, it was concluded that some residents in other areas experienced more noise as a consequence of the trial and that it should therefore not be taken forward in its current form. Heathrow received more than 25,000 noise complaints in just three months over the summer of 2016, but around half were made by the same ten people.{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/news/half-of-heathrow-noise-complaints-made-by-just-10-people/|title=Half of Heathrow's 25,000 noise complaints made by the same 10 people|date=1 November 2016|access-date=23 March 2018|work=The Telegraph|author=Hugh Morris|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324162311/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/news/half-of-heathrow-noise-complaints-made-by-just-10-people/|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}}

In 2017, Heathrow introduced "Fly Quiet & Green", a quarterly published league table (suspended in 2020 due to the Covid pandemic) that awards points to the 50 busiest airlines at the airport, ostensibly based on their performance relative to each other across a range of seven environmental benchmarks, such as {{NOx}} emissions.{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrowflyquieterandgreener.com/|title=Heathrow Fly Quiet and Green|publisher=Heathrow Airport|access-date=28 October 2021|archive-date=19 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241119210735/https://heathrowflyquieterandgreener.com/|url-status=live}} Heathrow has acknowledged, but not attempted to refute, criticism over discrepancies and a lack of transparency over the way in which the figures are calculated.{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrow.com/content/dam/heathrow/web/common/documents/company/local-community/noise/making-heathrow-quiter/noise-action-plan/Noise_Action_Plan_2019-2023_Supporting_Annexes.pdf|title=Heathrow Noise Action Plan 2019–2023 Supporting Annexes|publisher=Heathrow Airport|access-date=28 October 2021|archive-date=28 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028102456/https://www.heathrow.com/content/dam/heathrow/web/common/documents/company/local-community/noise/making-heathrow-quiter/noise-action-plan/Noise_Action_Plan_2019-2023_Supporting_Annexes.pdf|url-status=live}} The airport has always refused to publish a breakdown showing how many "Fly Quiet points" each performance benchmark has contributed towards the total score it awards to an airline, thereby putting obstacles in the way of any independent auditing of the published results.{{cite web|url=https://www.airportwatch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Fly-Quiet-Green-Forensics-V1.3.pdf|title=Fly Quiet & Green Forensics|publisher=AirportWatch|author=AvGen Ltd|date=March 2019|access-date=6 November 2021|archive-date=6 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106083121/https://www.airportwatch.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Fly-Quiet-Green-Forensics-V1.3.pdf|url-status=live}} Among other criticisms of the league table are the unexplained omission of some of the poorer performers among the 50 busiest airlines{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrowflyquieterandgreener.com/q2-2019/|title=Q2 2019 Fly Quiet 'Top 50' Airlines, wrongly omitting Korean Air|date=20 August 2019|publisher=Heathrow Airport|access-date=21 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200123094959/https://www.heathrowflyquietandgreen.com/q2-2019/|archive-date=23 January 2020}} and the emphasis on relative rather than absolute performance,{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrowflyquieterandgreener.com/how-we-calculate/|title = Heathrow Fly Quiet and Green – How We Calculate|date = 10 May 2016|publisher=Heathrow Airport|access-date=28 October 2021}} so an airline could well improve its "Fly Quiet" score quarter-on-quarter even if its environmental performance had in fact worsened over the period. In October 2024, Heathrow finally reinstated the programme, rebadged as “Fly Quieter & Greener”. Two more environmental benchmarks were added to the previous seven, but in all other respects the aforementioned deficiencies of the original scheme remain.{{cite web|url=https://mediacentre.heathrow.com/pressrelease/detail/21065/|title=Heathrow relaunches airlines' sustainability performance league table|date=22 October 2024|publisher=Heathrow Airport|access-date=2 November 2024|archive-date=15 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215165017/https://mediacentre.heathrow.com/pressrelease/detail/21065/|url-status=live}}

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic Heathrow has seen a large increase in cargo-only flights, not only by already established carriers at the airport operating cargo-only flights using passenger aircraft but also by several cargo-only airlines.[https://www.heathrow.com/latest-news/heathrow-equips-uk-data-revealed – Heathrow News] retrieved 20 January 2021

{{main|Heathrow arrival stacks}}

Inbound aircraft to London Heathrow Airport typically follow one of several Standard Arrival Routes (STARs). The STARs each terminate at one of four different VOR installations, and these also define four "stacks"{{cite web|url=https://www.aurora.nats.co.uk/htmlAIP/Publications/2021-10-07-AIRAC/html/index-en-GB.html|title=UK AIP – EGLL London Heathrow|publisher=NATS|access-date=1 November 2021|author=NATS|date=17 October 2021|archive-date=1 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101110928/https://www.aurora.nats.co.uk/htmlAIP/Publications/2021-10-07-AIRAC/html/index-en-GB.html|url-status=live}} where aircraft can be held if necessary until they are cleared to begin their approach to land. Stacks are sections of airspace where inbound aircraft will normally use the pattern closest to their arrival route. They can be visualised as a helix in the sky. Each stack descends in {{convert|1000|ft|m|0}} intervals from {{convert|16,000|ft|m|0}} down to {{convert|8000|ft|m|0}}. Aircraft hold between {{convert|7,000 and 15,000|feet|m|0}} at 1,000-foot intervals. If these holds become full, aircraft are held at more distant points before being cleared onward to one of the four main holds.{{cn|date=July 2024}}

The following four stacks are currently in place:{{cn|date=July 2024}}

• The Bovingdon stack is for arrivals from the northwest. It extends above the village of Bovingdon and the town of Chesham, and uses the VOR BNN ("Bovingdon"), which is situated on the former RAF Bovingdon airfield.
• The Biggin Hill stack on the southeast edge of Greater London is for arrivals from the southeast. It uses the VOR BIG ("Biggin"), which is situated on London Biggin Hill Airport.
• The Lambourne stack in Essex is for arrivals from the northeast. It uses the VOR LAM ("Lambourne"), which is situated adjacent to Stapleford Aerodrome.
• The Ockham stack in Surrey is for arrivals from the southwest. It uses the VOR OCK ("Ockham"), which is situated on the former Wisley Airfield.

In high-traffic situations, air traffic controllers can opt to use a number of RNAV STARs either to send traffic to a non-standard stack or to move traffic from one stack to another. These are not allowed to be used for flight planning and will be assigned by ATC tactically.{{cn|date=July 2024}}

{{main|Expansion of Heathrow Airport}}

In September 2012, the British government established the Airports Commission, an independent commission chaired by Sir Howard Davies to examine various options for increasing capacity at UK airports. In July 2015, the commission backed a third runway at Heathrow, which the government approved in October 2016.{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/heathrow-airport-expansion-commission-report-backs-third-runway-10356684.html|location=London|work=The Independent|first=Simon|last=Calder|title=Heathrow Airport expansion: Commission report backs third runway|date=1 July 2015|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925162915/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/heathrow-airport-expansion-commission-report-backs-third-runway-10356684.html|archive-date=25 September 2015|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2015/jun/26/heathrow-gatwick-expansion-davies-report-frequent-flyers-aviation|title=Forget Heathrow expansion, Davies report should tackle frequent flyers|author=Andrew Simms|work=The Guardian|date=1 July 2015|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612210904/https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2015/jun/26/heathrow-gatwick-expansion-davies-report-frequent-flyers-aviation|archive-date=12 June 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-37760187|title=Third runway at Heathrow cleared for takeoff by ministers|last=Johnston|first=Chris|work=BBC News|date=25 October 2016|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180214023256/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-37760187|archive-date=14 February 2018|url-status=live}} However, the Court of Appeal rejected this plan, on the basis that the government failed to consider climate change and the environmental impact of aviation.{{Cite news|last=Espiner|first=Tom|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51658693|title=Climate campaigners win Heathrow expansion case|date=27 February 2020|work=BBC News|access-date=28 February 2020|archive-date=27 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227225905/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51658693|url-status=live}} On 16 December 2020, the UK Supreme Court lifted the ban on the third runway expansion, allowing the construction plan to go ahead.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/dec/16/top-uk-court-overturns-block-on-heathrows-third-runway|title=Top UK court overturns block on Heathrow's third runway|date=16 December 2020|newspaper=The Guardian|location=London|last=Carrington|first=Damian|archive-date=25 September 2024|access-date=16 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240925023230/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/dec/16/top-uk-court-overturns-block-on-heathrows-third-runway|url-status=live}}

{{Further|Landing slot}}

Until it was required to sell Gatwick and Stansted Airports, Heathrow Airport Holdings, owned mostly by FGP and Qatar Investment Authority and CDPQ held a dominant position in the London aviation market and has been heavily regulated by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) as to how much it can charge airlines to land. The annual increase in landing charge per passenger was capped at inflation minus 3% until 1 April 2003. From 2003 to 2007 charges increased by inflation plus 6.5% per year, taking the fee to £9.28 per passenger in 2007. In March 2008, the CAA announced that the charge would be allowed to increase by 23.5% to £12.80 from 1 April 2008 and by inflation plus 7.5% for each of the following four years.{{cite news|title=IATA attacks higher landing charges at British airports|date=12 March 2008|agency=Agence France-Presse|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102083857/https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5izyYRsZKFHEIOR6WYbdtInUOLqgA?hl=en|archive-date=2 November 2013|url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5izyYRsZKFHEIOR6WYbdtInUOLqgA|access-date=14 March 2008|url-status=dead}} In April 2013, the CAA announced a proposal for Heathrow to charge fees calculated by inflation minus 1.3%, continuing until 2019.{{cite news|title=Heathrow and Gatwick face new airline fee caps|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-22349054|work=BBC News|date=30 April 2013|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031150738/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-22349054|archive-date=31 October 2018|url-status=live}} Whilst the charges for landing at Heathrow are determined by the CAA and Heathrow Airport Holdings, the allocation of landing slots to airlines is carried out by Airport Co-ordination Limited (ACL).{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrow.com/company/company-news-and-information/economic-regulation|title=Economic Regulation of Heathrow and Gatwick Airports 2008–2013|date=11 March 2008|publisher=Civil Aviation Authority|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324105703/https://www.heathrow.com/company/company-news-and-information/economic-regulation|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}}

Until 2008, air traffic between Heathrow and the United States was strictly governed by the countries' bilateral Bermuda II treaty. The treaty originally allowed only British Airways, Pan Am and TWA to fly from Heathrow to designated gateways in the US. In 1991, Pan Am and TWA sold their rights to United Airlines and American Airlines respectively, while Virgin Atlantic was added to the list of airlines allowed to operate on these routes. The Bermuda II Air Service Agreement was superseded by a new "open skies" agreement that was signed by the United States and the European Union on 30 April 2007 and came into effect on 30 March 2008. Shortly afterwards, additional US airlines, including Northwest Airlines, Continental Airlines, US Airways and Delta Air Lines started services to Heathrow after previously having to use Gatwick Airport. Following Brexit, the US and UK signed a new US-UK Air Transport Agreement in November 2020 incorporating the essential elements of Open Skies, which came into effect in March 2021.{{cite web |title=Entry Into Force of U.S.-UK Civil Air Transport Agreement |url=https://www.state.gov/entry-into-force-of-u-s-uk-civil-air-transport-agreement/ |access-date=25 April 2023 |ref=usukopenskies |archive-date=4 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504203602/https://www.state.gov/entry-into-force-of-u-s-uk-civil-air-transport-agreement/ |url-status=live }}

The airport was criticised in 2007 for overcrowding and delays;{{cite news |title=BA boss joins attack on Heathrow |work=BBC News |date=1 August 2007 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6926150.stm |access-date=28 October 2007 |archive-date=17 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517072914/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6926150.stm |url-status=live }} according to Heathrow Airport Holdings, Heathrow's facilities were originally designed to accommodate 55{{nbsp}}million passengers annually. The number of passengers using the airport reached a record 70{{nbsp}}million in 2012.{{cite news |title=Heathrow airport hits record 70{{nbsp}}million passengers |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-21496856 |work=BBC News |date=18 February 2013 |access-date=18 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130220100612/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-21496856 |archive-date=20 February 2013 |url-status=live }} In 2007 the airport was voted the world's least favourite, alongside Chicago O'Hare, in a TripAdvisor survey.{{cite news|title=Heathrow voted world's least favourite airport|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|date=30 October 2007|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/main.jhtml?xml=/travel/2007/10/30/et-airport-130.xml|access-date=30 October 2007|first=David|last=Millward|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071102032553/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/main.jhtml?xml=%2Ftravel%2F2007%2F10%2F30%2Fet-airport-130.xml|archive-date=2 November 2007|url-status=dead}} However, the opening of Terminal 5 in 2008 has relieved some pressure on terminal facilities, increasing the airport's terminal capacity to 90{{nbsp}}million passengers per year. A tie-up is also in place with McLaren Applied Technologies to optimise the general procedure, reducing delays and pollution.{{cite news|title=Work Smarter: McLaren|date=1 March 2010|url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/work-smarter-mclaren|magazine=Wired|first=David|last=Rowan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201131442/https://www.wired.co.uk/article/work-smarter-mclaren|archive-date=1 December 2017|url-status=live}}

With only two runways operating at over 98% of their capacity, Heathrow has little room for more flights, although the use of larger aircraft such as the Airbus A380 has allowed some increase in passenger numbers. It is difficult for existing airlines to obtain landing slots to enable them to increase their services from the airport, or for new airlines to start operations.{{cite report|publisher=Airport Coordination Ltd|title=Submission to the CAA Regarding Peak Periods at Heathrow|date=February 2002|url=http://www.caa.co.uk/docs/5/ergdocs/baajan03/acl2baajan03.pdf|access-date=13 January 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216025742/http://www.caa.co.uk/docs/5/ergdocs/baajan03/acl2baajan03.pdf|archive-date=16 February 2008|url-status=dead}} To increase the number of flights, Heathrow Airport Holdings has proposed using the existing two runways in 'mixed mode' whereby aircraft would be allowed to take off and land on the same runway. This would increase the airport's capacity from its current 480,000 movements per year to as many as 550,000 according to former British Airways CEO Willie Walsh.{{cite news|url=http://www.uk-airport-news.info/heathrow-airport-news-161206a.htm|title=BA pushes for 'mixed mode' at Heathrow|work=UK Airport News|access-date=31 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212154535/http://www.uk-airport-news.info/heathrow-airport-news-161206a.htm|archive-date=12 December 2007|url-status=dead}} Heathrow Airport Holdings has also proposed building a third runway to the north of the airport, which would significantly increase traffic capacity.{{cite news|title=Heathrow is defeated in its attempt to ban environmental campaigners|work=The Times|date=7 August 2007|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/heathrow-is-defeated-in-its-attempt-to-ban-environmental-campaigners-3txcb9tk0sn|access-date=9 August 2007|location=London|first=Ben|last=Webster|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011095332/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article2211142.ece|archive-date=11 October 2008|url-status=live}}{{subscription required}}

Policing of the airport is the responsibility of the aviation security, a unit of the Metropolitan Police, although the British Army, including armoured vehicles of the Household Cavalry, has occasionally been deployed at the airport during periods of heightened security.{{Cite news |date=11 February 2003 |title=Soldiers drafted in to increase Heathrow security |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2003/feb/11/september11.terrorism |access-date=7 May 2023 |issn=0261-3077}} Full body scanners are now used at the airport, and passengers who refuse to use them are required to submit to a hand search in a private room. The scanners display passengers' bodies as cartoon figures, with indicators showing where concealed items may be.{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrow.com/more/help-with-this-website/faqs/security-and-baggage |title=Security (body) scanners |publisher=Heathrow Airport |access-date=23 March 2018 |archive-date=24 March 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324102507/https://www.heathrow.com/more/help-with-this-website/faqs/security-and-baggage }}

For many decades Heathrow had a reputation for theft from baggage by baggage handlers. This led to the airport being nicknamed "Thiefrow", with periodic arrests of baggage handlers.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/05/28/archives/london-tightens-airport-security-scotland-yard-to-take-over-at.html |date=28 May 1974 |access-date=27 May 2021 |title=Scotland Yard to take over responsibility at "Thiefrow" |last=Arbose |first=Jules |work=The New York Times |archive-date=20 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120113059/https://www.nytimes.com/1974/05/28/archives/london-tightens-airport-security-scotland-yard-to-take-over-at.html |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/baggage-stealing-gang-seized-6300493.html |title=Heathrow baggage-stealing gang arrested |date=12 April 2012 |publisher=The Evening Standard |access-date=27 May 2021 |last=Davenport |first=Justin |archive-date=13 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151013145239/http://www.standard.co.uk/news/baggage-stealing-gang-seized-6300493.html |url-status=live }}

Following the widespread disruption caused by reports of drone sightings at Gatwick Airport, and a subsequent incident at Heathrow, a drone-detection system was installed airport-wide to attempt to combat disruption caused by the illegal use of drones.{{cite news |title=Heathrow airport: Drone sighting halts departures |work=BBC News |date=8 January 2019 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-46803713 |access-date=18 December 2019}}{{cite web |url=https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/uv-online/heathrows-picks-new-c-uas-combat-drone-disruption/ |title=Heathrow picks C-UAS to combat drone disruption |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=9 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109111036/https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/uv-online/heathrows-picks-new-c-uas-combat-drone-disruption/ |url-status=live }}

File:Heathrow T2 central overview.jpg central departures area]]

{{Main|Heathrow Terminal 2}}

The airport's newest terminal, officially known as the Queen's Terminal, was opened on 4 June 2014 and has 24 gates.{{cite news|title=United is first airline to fly out of Heathrow Airport's new T2|first=Linda|last=Blachly|work=Air Transport World|date=4 June 2014|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/united-first-airline-fly-out-heathrow-airport-s-new-t2|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140604143219/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/united-first-airline-fly-out-heathrow-airport-s-new-t2|archive-date=4 June 2014|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=Heathrow Terminal 2 named Queen's Terminal|work=BBC News|date=14 June 2013|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-22899336|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119052528/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-22899336|archive-date=19 November 2018|url-status=live}} Designed by Spanish architect Luis Vidal, it was built on the site that had been occupied by the original Terminal 2 and the Queens Building.{{cite news|title=Heathrow airport's new Terminal 2 opens to passengers|work=BBC News|date=23 November 2009|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-27691651|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420220505/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-27691651|archive-date=20 April 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=New London Heathrow T2 opening set for June 4|first=Kurt|last=Hofmann|work=Air Transport World|date=28 May 2014|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/new-london-heathrow-t2-opening-set-june-4|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529105810/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/new-london-heathrow-t2-opening-set-june-4|archive-date=29 May 2014|url-status=live}} The main complex was completed in November 2013 and underwent six months of testing before opening to passengers. It includes a satellite pier (T2B), a 1,340-space car park, and a cooling station to generate chilled water. There are 52 shops and 17 bars and restaurants.{{cite press release|title=The new Terminal 2: Only one year to go|publisher=Heathrow Airport|date=4 June 2013|url=http://mediacentre.heathrow.com/pressrelease/details/81/Corporate-operational-24/4142|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324102710/http://mediacentre.heathrow.com/pressrelease/details/81/Corporate-operational-24/4142|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}}

The airlines moved from their original locations over six months, with only 10% of flights operating from there in the first six weeks (United Airlines' transatlantic flights) to avoid the opening problems seen at Terminal 5. On 4 June 2014, United became the first airline to move into Terminal 2 from Terminals 1 and 4 followed by All Nippon Airways, Air Canada and Air China from Terminal 3. Air New Zealand, Asiana Airlines, Croatia Airlines, LOT Polish Airlines, South African Airways, and TAP Air Portugal moved in on 22 October 2014.{{cite news|title= Heathrow's Terminal 2 to be opened in stages|work= BBC News|date= 3 June 2014|url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-27681065|access-date= 4 June 2014|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140604000733/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-27681065|archive-date= 4 June 2014|url-status= live}}

Flights using Terminal 2 primarily originate from northern Europe or western Europe. It is primarily used by Star Alliance airlines (consolidating the airlines under Star Alliance's co-location policy "Move Under One Roof"). The terminal is also used by a few non-aligned airlines. Terminal 2 is one of the two terminals that operate UK domestic and Irish flights. Although Scandinavian Airlines is now part of the SkyTeam alliance as of 1 September, 2024, it still uses Terminal 2.

The original Terminal 2 opened as the Europa Building in 1955 and was the airport's oldest terminal. It had an area of {{convert|49654|m2|sqft|abbr=on}} and was designed to handle around 1.2{{nbsp}}million passengers annually. In its final years, it accommodated up to 8{{nbsp}}million. A total of 316{{nbsp}}million passengers passed through the terminal in its lifetime. The building was demolished in 2010, along with the Queens Building which had housed airline company offices.{{cite news|title=Demolition work begins at Heathrow's Terminal 2|work=BBC News|date=29 April 2010|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/8650872.stm|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426134155/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/8650872.stm|archive-date=26 April 2014|url-status=live}}

File:Heathrow Airport 010.jpg bird's-eye view]]

{{Main|Heathrow Terminal 3}}

Terminal 3 opened as the Oceanic Terminal on 13 November 1961 to handle flight departures for long-haul routes for foreign carriers to the United States and Asia.{{cite news|url=https://www.heathrowairport.com/about-us/company-news-and-information/company-information/our-history|title=Our history|publisher=Heathrow Airport Holdings|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713211238/http://www.heathrowairport.com/about-us/company-news-and-information/company-information/our-history|archive-date=13 July 2015|url-status=dead}} At this time the airport had a direct helicopter service to central London from the gardens on the roof of the terminal building. Renamed Terminal 3 in 1968, it was expanded in 1970 with the addition of an arrivals building. Other facilities added included the UK's first moving walkways. In 2006, the new £105{{nbsp}}million Pier 6 was completed{{cite news|title=Debut A380 flight lands in London|work=BBC News|date=18 March 2008|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7301455.stm|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080321183007/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7301455.stm|archive-date=21 March 2008|url-status=live}} to accommodate the Airbus A380 superjumbo; Emirates and Qantas operate regular flights from Terminal 3 using the Airbus A380.

Redevelopment of Terminal 3's forecourt by the addition of a new four-lane drop-off area and a large pedestrianised plaza, complete with a canopy to the front of the terminal building, was completed in 2007. These improvements were intended to improve passengers' experience, reduce traffic congestion and improve security.{{cite press release|url=http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/baa-heathrow-unveils-plans-to-re-develop-terminal-3-155771575.html|title=BAA Heathrow unveils plans to re-develop Terminal 3|publisher=BAA|date=15 February 2007|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625163412/http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/baa-heathrow-unveils-plans-to-re-develop-terminal-3-155771575.html|archive-date=25 June 2017|url-status=live}} As part of this project, Virgin Atlantic was assigned its dedicated check-in area, known as 'Zone A', which features a large sculpture and atrium.

{{As of|2013}}, Terminal 3 has an area of {{convert|98962|m2|abbr=on}} with 28 gates, and in 2011 it handled 19.8{{nbsp}}million passengers on 104,100{{nbsp}}flights.{{cite news |url=https://www.heathrowairport.com/about-us/company-news-and-information/company-information/facts-and-figures |title=Heathrow facts and figures |publisher=Heathrow Airport Limited |access-date=23 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705154826/http://www.heathrowairport.com/about-us/company-news-and-information/company-information/facts-and-figures |archive-date=5 July 2015 |url-status=dead }}

Most flights from Terminal 3 are long-haul flights from North America, Asia and other foreign countries other than Europe. Terminal 3 is home to Oneworld members (with the exception of Malaysia Airlines, Qatar Airways and Royal Air Maroc, all of which use Terminal 4), SkyTeam members Aeroméxico, China Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Middle East Airlines, Virgin Atlantic, and several long haul unaffiliated carriers. British Airways also operates several flights from this terminal, as do Iberia and Vueling.

File:Heathrow LON 04 07 77.JPG bird's-eye view]]

{{Main|Heathrow Terminal 4}}

Opened in 1986, Terminal 4 has 22 gates.{{cite web |title=Terminal 4 Map London Heathrow Airport LHR |url=https://www.ifly.com/airports/london-heathrow-airport/terminal-map/Terminal-4-map |website=ifly.com |publisher=Red Cirrus, LLC |access-date=6 February 2025}} It is situated to the south of the southern runway next to the cargo terminal and is connected to Terminals 2 and 3 by the Heathrow Cargo Tunnel. The terminal has an area of {{convert|105481|m2|abbr=on}} and is now home to the SkyTeam alliance; except Scandinavian Airlines which uses Terminal 2, and China Airlines, Aeroméxico, Delta Air Lines, Middle East Airlines, and Virgin Atlantic which use Terminal 3. This terminal is also the base for several Oneworld carriers such as Malaysia Airlines, Qatar Airways, and Royal Air Maroc, besides few unaffiliated carriers such as Etihad Airways, Gulf Air, and Royal Brunei Airlines. It has undergone a £200{{nbsp}}million upgrade to enable it to accommodate 45{{nbsp}}airlines with an upgraded forecourt to reduce traffic congestion and improve security. Most flights using Terminal 4 are those from/to East Europe, Central Asia, North Africa and the Middle East as well as a few flights from/to Europe. An extended check-in area with renovated piers and departure lounges and a new baggage system were installed, and four new stands were built to accommodate the Airbus A380; Qatar Airways operates regular A380 flights.

File:Heathrow Airport 014.jpg bird's-eye view]]

File:Heathrow Terminal 5C Iwelumo-1.jpg]]

File:TerminalFiveAirportHeathrowAugust2012.JPG]]

{{Main|Heathrow Terminal 5}}

Terminal 5 lies between the northern and southern runways at the western end of the Heathrow site and was opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 14 March 2008,{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7294618.stm|title=Queen opens new Heathrow Terminal|date=14 March 2008|access-date=23 March 2018|work=BBC News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201092823/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7294618.stm|archive-date=1 December 2017|url-status=live}} 19 years after its inception; then it opened to the public on 27 March 2008. British Airways and its partner company Iberia have exclusive use of this terminal, which has 50{{nbsp}}gates,{{citation needed|date=May 2023}} including three hardstands. The first passenger to enter Terminal 5 was a UK ex-pat from Kenya who passed through security at 04:30 on the day. He was presented with a boarding pass by British Airways CEO Willie Walsh for the first departing flight, BA302 to Paris. During the two weeks after its opening, operations were disrupted by problems with the terminal's IT systems, coupled with insufficient testing and staff training, which caused over 500 flights to be cancelled.{{cite news|title=British Airways reveals what went wrong with Terminal 5|work=Computer Weekly|url=http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240086013/British-Airways-reveals-what-went-wrong-with-Terminal-5|date=14 May 2008|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307033642/http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240086013/British-Airways-reveals-what-went-wrong-with-Terminal-5|archive-date=7 March 2018|url-status=live}}

Terminal 5 is exclusively used by British Airways as its global hub. However, because of the merger, between 25 March 2012 and 12 July 2022, Iberia's operations at Heathrow were moved to the terminal, making it the home of International Airlines Group.{{cite web|url=https://www.businesstraveller.com/news/2012/02/08/iberia-to-move-to-heathrow-t5/|title=Iberia to move to Heathrow T5|date=8 February 2012|work=Business Traveller|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027232443/https://www.businesstraveller.com/news/2012/02/08/iberia-to-move-to-heathrow-t5/|archive-date=27 October 2017|url-status=live}} On 12 July 2022, Iberia's flight operations were moved back to Terminal 3. On 7 July 2020, American moved to Terminal 5, to allow for easier connections from American's transatlantic flights to British Airways flights during the pandemic. China Southern Airlines used Terminal 5 due to the pandemic until it was relocated to Terminal 4 in November 2022.

Built for £4.3{{nbsp}}billion, the terminal consists of a four-story main terminal building (Concourse A) and two satellite buildings linked to the main terminal by an underground people mover transit system. Concourse A is dedicated to British Airways's narrowbody fleet for flights around the UK and the rest of Europe, the first satellite (Concourse B) includes dedicated stands for BA and Iberia's widebody fleet except for the Airbus A380, and the second satellite (Concourse C), includes 7 dedicated aircraft stands for the A380. It became fully operational on 1 June 2011. Terminal 5 was voted Skytrax World's Best Airport Terminal 2014 in the Annual World Airport Awards.{{cite web|last1=Andy|first1=Ivy|title=Londen Heathrow|access-date=23 March 2018|url=http://vliegveldlonden.nl/londen-heathrow/|website=Vliegveld Londen|language=nl|date=1 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201045031/http://vliegveldlonden.nl/londen-heathrow/|archive-date=1 December 2017|url-status=live}}

The main terminal building (Concourse A) has an area of {{Convert|300000|m2|sqft}} while Concourse B covers {{Convert|60000|m2|sqft}}.{{cite web|title=Heathrow Terminal 5|url=http://www.richardrogers.co.uk/Asp/uploadedFiles/Image/1065_t5/RSHP_A_JS_1065_L_E_GB.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719200525/http://www.richardrogers.co.uk/Asp/uploadedFiles/Image/1065_t5/RSHP_A_JS_1065_L_E_GB.pdf|archive-date=19 July 2011|url-status=dead}} It has 60 aircraft stands and capacity for 30{{nbsp}}million passengers annually as well as more than 100{{nbsp}}shops and restaurants.{{cite news|title=Heathrow Terminal 5: The Vital Statistics|publisher=Sky News|url=http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/Sky-News-Archive/Article/200806413649522|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120712100254/http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/Sky-News-Archive/Article/200806413649522|archive-date=12 July 2012|date=15 March 2008|access-date=7 May 2011|url-status=dead}} It is also home to British Airways' Flagship lounge, the Concorde Room, alongside four further British Airways branded lounges.{{cite web|url=https://thriftypoints.com/british-airways-first-class-review/|title=British Airways First Class Flight Review – Fly BA First Class for free!|access-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328005054/https://thriftypoints.com/british-airways-first-class-review/|archive-date=28 March 2019|url-status=live}} One of those lounges is the British Airways Arrivals Lounge which is located land-side.

A further building, designated Concourse D and of similar size to Concourse C, may yet be built to the east of the existing site, providing up to another 16{{nbsp}}stands. Following British Airways' merger with Iberia, this may become a priority since the combined business will require accommodation at Heathrow under one roof to maximise the cost savings envisaged under the deal. A proposal for Concourse D was featured in Heathrow's Capital Investment Plan 2009.

The transport network around the airport has been extended to cope with the increase in passenger numbers. New branches of both the Heathrow Express and the Underground's Piccadilly line serve a new shared Heathrow Terminal 5 station. A dedicated motorway spur links the terminal to the M25 (between junctions 14 and 15). The terminal has 3,800{{nbsp}}spaces multi-storey car park. A more distant long-stay car park for business passengers is connected to the terminal by a personal rapid transit system, the Heathrow Pod, which became operational in the spring of 2011.{{cite web |title=Heathrow Pod Self Guided Tour Instructions |url=http://www.ultraglobalprt.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Ultra_SelfTour2.pdf |website=ultraglobalprt.com |publisher=Ultra Global PRT |access-date=30 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326034128/http://www.ultraglobalprt.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Ultra_SelfTour2.pdf |archive-date=26 March 2014|url-status=live}} An automated people mover (APM) system, known as the Transit, transports airside passengers between the main terminal building and the satellite concourses.{{cite web |title=INNOVIA APM Automated People Mover System – London Heathrow, UK – the United Kingdom – Bombardier |url=https://www.bombardier.com/en/transportation/projects/project.innovia-london-uk.html |website=Bombardier |access-date=29 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331113703/https://www.bombardier.com/en/transportation/projects/project.innovia-london-uk.html |archive-date=31 March 2014 |date=31 March 2014|url-status=dead}}

As of 2025, Heathrow's four passenger terminals are assigned as follows:[https://www.heathrow.com/at-the-airport/terminal-guides/which-terminal heathrow.com - Which terminal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241224143225/https://www.heathrow.com/at-the-airport/terminal-guides/which-terminal |date=24 December 2024 }} retrieved 6 January 2025

Following the opening of Terminal 5 in March 2008, a complex programme of terminal moves was implemented. This saw many airlines move to be grouped in terminals by airline alliance as far as possible.{{Cite journal |date=2007 |title=Heathrow looks ahead |journal=Airports |publisher=Key Publishing |volume=September/October |page=30}}

Following the opening of Phase 1 of the new Terminal 2 in June 2014, all Star Alliance member airlines{{cite web|url=http://worldairlinenews.com/2014/06/04/terminal-2-opens-as-the-star-alliance-terminal-at-london-heathrow-airport/|title=Terminal 2 opens as the Star Alliance terminal at London Heathrow Airport|work=World Airline News|date=4 June 2014|access-date=8 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523052442/http://worldairlinenews.com/2014/06/04/terminal-2-opens-as-the-star-alliance-terminal-at-london-heathrow-airport/|archive-date=23 May 2015|url-status=live}} (with the exception of new member Air India which moved in early 2017{{cite web|url=https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2017/01/26/air-india-re-locates-heathrow-t2/|title=Air India re-locates at Heathrow T2 – Business Traveller – The leading magazine for frequent flyers|date=26 January 2017|publisher=Business Traveler|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111165003/https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2017/01/26/air-india-re-locates-heathrow-t2/|archive-date=11 January 2018|url-status=live}}) along with Aer Lingus and Germanwings relocated to Terminal 2 in a phased process completed on 22 October 2014. Additionally, by 30 June 2015 all airlines left Terminal 1 in preparation for its demolition to make room for the construction of Phase 2 of Terminal 2.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-33309025|title=London Heathrow Airport bids farewell to Terminal 1|newspaper=BBC News|date=29 June 2015|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618194402/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-33309025|archive-date=18 June 2018|url-status=live}} Some other airlines made further minor moves at a later point, e.g. Delta Air Lines merging all departures in Terminal 3 instead of a split between Terminals 3 and 4.{{cite web|url=https://www.businesstraveller.com/airlines/2016/08/22/delta-move-heathrow-services-t3/|title=Delta to move all Heathrow services to Terminal 3 – Business Traveller – The leading magazine for frequent flyers|date=22 August 2016|publisher=Business Traveler|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111165033/https://www.businesstraveller.com/airlines/2016/08/22/delta-move-heathrow-services-t3/|archive-date=11 January 2018|url-status=live}} Iberia moved to Terminal 5 on 1 June 2023.{{Cite web |title=Iberia Returns to London-Heathrow Terminal 5 |url=https://grupo.iberia.com/pressrelease/details/16401 |access-date=2 September 2023 |website=Iberia |archive-date=3 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903003629/https://grupo.iberia.com/pressrelease/details/16401 |url-status=live }}

Heathrow Airport has four terminals with a total of 115 gates, 66 of which can support wide-body aircraft and 24 gates that can support an Airbus A380. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Heathrow's services were sharply reduced. It announced that as of 6 April 2020, the airport would be transitioning to single-runway operations and that it would be temporarily closing Terminals 3 and 4, moving all remaining flights into Terminals 2 or 5.{{cite web |date=2 April 2020 |title=Heathrow remains open for the UK |url=https://www.heathrow.com/latest-news/heathrow-remains-open-for-the-uk |access-date=7 May 2023 |website=Heathrow |publisher=LHR Airports Limited |archive-date=17 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517110126/https://www.heathrow.com/latest-news/heathrow-remains-open-for-the-uk |url-status=live }} Dual runway operations were restored in August 2020. Heathrow returned to single-runway operations on 9 November 2020. On 11 December 2020, Heathrow announced Terminal 4 would be shut until the end of 2021.{{cite web|date=15 July 2020|title=Heathrow Airport Won't Open All Terminals Until 2021|url=https://www.wltz.com/2020/07/15/heathrow-airport-wont-open-all-terminals-until-2021/|access-date=14 November 2020|website=WLTZ|archive-date=15 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815053628/https://www.wltz.com/2020/07/15/heathrow-airport-wont-open-all-terminals-until-2021/|url-status=dead}} Terminal 4 was used sporadically during 2021 for red list passengers who would be subject to mandatory hotel quarantine.{{cite web | url=https://news.sky.com/story/heathrow-airport-reopens-terminal-4-to-process-arrivals-from-covid-red-list-countries-12483831 | title=Heathrow Airport reopens Terminal 4 to process arrivals from COVID red list countries | access-date=14 March 2024 | archive-date=14 March 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314092459/https://news.sky.com/story/heathrow-airport-reopens-terminal-4-to-process-arrivals-from-covid-red-list-countries-12483831 | url-status=live }} Terminal 3 was reopened for use by Virgin Atlantic and Delta on 15 July 2021, and Terminal 4 was reopened to normal operations on 14 June 2022.{{Cite news|date=5 July 2021|title=Britain's Heathrow Airport reopens Terminal 3 ahead of travel pick-up|work=Reuters|location=London|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/britains-heathrow-airport-reopens-terminal-3-ahead-travel-pick-up-2021-07-05/|access-date=9 August 2021|archive-date=20 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163419/https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/britains-heathrow-airport-reopens-terminal-3-ahead-travel-pick-up-2021-07-05/|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|date=14 June 2022|title=London Heathrow: Airport reopens Terminal 4 after Covid closure|website=BBC News|location=London|publisher=BBC English Regions|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-61794676|access-date=19 July 2022|archive-date=20 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920170615/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-61794676|url-status=live}}

{{Main|Heathrow Terminal 1}}

Terminal 1 opened in 1968 and was inaugurated by Queen Elizabeth II in April 1969.{{cite press release|url=http://mediacentre.heathrow.com/pressrelease/details/81/Corporate-operational-24/4711|title=Heathrow – Heathrow bids farewell to Terminal 1|publisher=Heathrow|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310195758/http://mediacentre.heathrow.com/pressrelease/details/81/Corporate-operational-24/4711|archive-date=10 March 2018|url-status=live}}Above Us The Skies: The Story of BAA – 1991 (Michael Donne – BAA plc), p. 40 Terminal 1 was the Heathrow base for British Airways' domestic and European network and a few of its long haul routes before Terminal 5 opened. The acquisition of British Midland International (BMI) in 2012 by British Airways' owner International Airlines Group meant British Airways took over BMI's short-haul and medium-haul destinations from the terminal.{{cite news|last=Walton|first=John|title=British Airways takes over, rebrands BMI lounge at Heathrow T1|url=https://www.ausbt.com.au/british-airways-takes-over-rebrands-bmi-lounge-at-heathrow-t1|access-date=23 March 2018|work=Australian Business Traveller|date=31 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711064349/https://www.ausbt.com.au/british-airways-takes-over-rebrands-bmi-lounge-at-heathrow-t1|archive-date=11 July 2017|url-status=live}} Terminal 1 was also the main base for most Star Alliance members though some were also based at Terminal 3. Prior to the opening of Terminal 5, all domestic and Common Travel Area departures and arrivals needed to use Terminal 1, which had separate departure piers for these flights.

Terminal 1 closed at the end of June 2015, and the site is now being used to extend Terminal 2{{cite news|title=Heathrow Terminal One deserted ahead of closure next month|url=http://www.itv.com/news/london/2015-05-28/heathrow-terminal-one-deserted-ahead-of-closure-next-month/|access-date=23 March 2018|work=ITV News|date=28 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315202357/http://www.itv.com/news/london/2015-05-28/heathrow-terminal-one-deserted-ahead-of-closure-next-month/|archive-date=15 March 2018|url-status=live}} which opened in June 2014. A number of the newer gates used by Terminal 1 were built as part of the Terminal 2 development and are being retained.{{cite news|last1=Calder|first1=Simon|title=Heathrow and Gatwick: Terminal confusion at London's airports|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/heathrow-and-gatwick-terminal-confusion-at-londons-airports-9997793.html|access-date=23 March 2018|work=The Independent|date=23 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107154727/http://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/heathrow-and-gatwick-terminal-confusion-at-londons-airports-9997793.html|archive-date=7 November 2017|url-status=live}}{{cite news|last=Paylor|first=Anne|title=London Heathrow turns out the lights in Terminal 1|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/london-heathrow-turns-out-lights-terminal-1|publisher=Air Transport World|date=29 June 2015|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630124041/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/london-heathrow-turns-out-lights-terminal-1|archive-date=30 June 2015|url-status=live}} The last tenants along with British Airways were El Al, Icelandair (moved to Terminal 2 on 25 March 2015) and LATAM Brasil (the third to move in to Terminal 3 on 27 May 2015). British Airways was the last operator in Terminal 1. Two flights of this carrier, one departing to Hanover and one arriving from Baku, marked the terminal closure on 29 June 2015. British Airways operations have been relocated to Terminals 3 and 5.{{cite news|title=Heathrow shuts doors on Terminal 1 flights|first=James|last=Mellon|location=London|work=Flightglobal|date=30 June 2015|access-date=23 March 2018|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/heathrow-shuts-doors-on-terminal-1-flights-414153/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715015351/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/heathrow-shuts-doors-on-terminal-1-flights-414153/|archive-date=15 July 2015|url-status=live}} Since closure, it has been used as a location for emergency services' training and testing.{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/news/heathrow-ghost-terminal/ |title=The slow death and strange afterlife of Heathrow's ghost terminal |work=The Telegraph |date=2025-05-10 |accessdate=2025-06-06 |first=Chris |last=Leadbeater}}

The following airlines operate regularly scheduled passenger flights at London Heathrow Airport:{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrow.com/flight-timetable|title=Flight timetable|publisher=Heathrow Airport Limited|location=London|access-date=21 May 2022|archive-date=16 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216225904/https://www.heathrow.com/flight-timetable|url-status=live}}

{{Airport destination list

| Aegean Airlines | Athens{{cite web | url=https://www.gtp.gr/TDirectoryDetails.asp?id=10417&lng=2 | title=Aegean Airlines UK- London - Greek Travel Pages | access-date=14 August 2024 | archive-date=14 August 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814181523/https://www.gtp.gr/TDirectoryDetails.asp?id=10417&lng=2 | url-status=live }}

| Aer Lingus{{cite web | url=https://www.aviation24.be/airlines/international-airlines-group-iag/aer-lingus/aer-lingus-reduces-dublin-heathrow-flights-but-gains-airbus-a321xlr-for-transatlantic-expansion/ | title=Aer Lingus reduces Dublin-Heathrow flights but gains Airbus A321XLR for transatlantic expansion | date=28 August 2024 | access-date=29 August 2024 | archive-date=29 August 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829105311/https://www.aviation24.be/airlines/international-airlines-group-iag/aer-lingus/aer-lingus-reduces-dublin-heathrow-flights-but-gains-airbus-a321xlr-for-transatlantic-expansion/ | url-status=live }} | Cork, Dublin, Knock,{{cite web | url=https://www.tourismireland.com/news-and-press-releases/press-releases/article/tourism-ireland-welcomes-new-aer-lingus-flight-from-london-heathrow-to-ireland-west-airport-knock | title=Tourism Ireland welcomes new Aer Lingus flight from London Heathrow to Ireland West Airport Knock | access-date=14 August 2024 | archive-date=14 August 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814181749/https://www.tourismireland.com/news-and-press-releases/press-releases/article/tourism-ireland-welcomes-new-aer-lingus-flight-from-london-heathrow-to-ireland-west-airport-knock | url-status=live }} Shannon{{Cite web|url=https://www.clare.fm/news/aer-lingus-anticipates-shannon-heathrow-cancellations-october/|title=Aer Lingus Anticipates Further Shannon-Heathrow Cancellations Before October|date=26 July 2022|access-date=1 November 2024|archive-date=6 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706161640/https://www.clare.fm/news/aer-lingus-anticipates-shannon-heathrow-cancellations-october/|url-status=live}}

| Aeroméxico | Mexico City{{Cite web|url=https://www.aviacionline.com/aeromexico-resumes-operations-to-london|title=Aeromexico resumes operations to London|website=Aviavionline.com|date=14 February 2022|accessdate=2 February 2025|language=en-ca}}

| Air Algérie | Algiers

| Air Astana | Almaty{{Cite web | url=https://www.ttgmedia.com/news/uk-to-gain-new-route-to-largest-kazakh-city-and-financial-hub-33929 | title=UK to gain new route to largest Kazakh city and financial hub | access-date=1 November 2024 | archive-date=13 October 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013132552/https://www.ttgmedia.com/news/uk-to-gain-new-route-to-largest-kazakh-city-and-financial-hub-33929 | url-status=live }}

| Air Canada | Calgary, Halifax,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230927-acnw23yhzlhr|title=Air Canada NW23 Halifax – London Service Reductions|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=28 September 2023|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928160600/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230927-acnw23yhzlhr|url-status=live}} Montréal–Trudeau, Ottawa,{{cite web | url= https://aviationa2z.com/index.php/2024/08/14/air-canada-a321xlr-to-operate-london-flights/| title= Air Canada New A321XLR to Operate London Flights in 2025| date= 14 August 2024}} Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver
Seasonal: Mumbai (resumes 26 October 2025){{cite web |title=Air Canada NW25 UK – India Service Changes |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/250608-acnw25in |website=Aeroroutes |access-date=9 June 2025}}

| Air China | Beijing–Capital,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230914-canov23peklhr|title=Air China Nov 2023 Beijing – London Service Reductions|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=18 September 2023|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928231008/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230914-canov23peklhr|url-status=live}} Chengdu–Tianfu

| Air France | Nice,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240214-ns24318|title=Air France / TAROM A318 NS24 Operations – 11FEB24|website=Aeroroutes.com|publisher=Aeroroutes|accessdate=1 November 2024|archive-date=6 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241006093321/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240214-ns24318|url-status=live}} Paris–Charles de Gaulle{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240122-afns24eu|title=Air France NS24 Paris European Frequency Variations – 21JAN24|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=27 October 2024|archive-date=3 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203051404/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240122-afns24eu|url-status=live}}

| Air India | Bengaluru,{{Cite web|url= https://www.cnbctv18.com/travel/destinations/air-india-to-start-daily-direct-flights-between-bengaluru-and-london-heathrow-from-october-27-19495672.htm|title= Air India shifts BLR-LGW to BLR-LHR in WS 2024|date= 19 October 2024|access-date= 19 October 2024|archive-date= 15 December 2024|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20241215165803/https://www.cnbctv18.com/travel/destinations/air-india-to-start-daily-direct-flights-between-bengaluru-and-london-heathrow-from-october-27-19495672.htm|url-status= live}} Delhi, Mumbai

| Air Serbia | Belgrade{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240702-b6jucodeshare | title=JetBlue / Air Serbia Expands Codeshare Service from July 2024 | access-date=3 September 2024 | archive-date=3 September 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240903132419/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240702-b6jucodeshare | url-status=live }}

| All Nippon Airways | Tokyo–Haneda{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230915-nhnw23eu|title=ANA NW23 European Operations – 15SEP23|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=18 September 2023|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928174448/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230915-nhnw23eu|url-status=live}}

| American Airlines | Boston, Charlotte,{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241104-aans25inc|title=American Airlines NS25 Intercontinental Network Changes – 03NOV24|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=4 November 2024|accessdate=4 November 2024|language=en-CA|archive-date=12 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112202037/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241104-aans25inc|url-status=live}} Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami, New York–JFK, Philadelphia, Raleigh/Durham
Seasonal: Phoenix–Sky Harbor{{cite web |title=AMERICAN CANCELS PHOENIX – LONDON HEATHROW SERVICE IN NW24 |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240716-aanw24phxlhr |website=Aeroroutes |access-date=16 July 2024}}

| Asiana Airlines | Seoul–Incheon

| Austrian Airlines | Vienna{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240618-caoscodeshare | title=Air China Expands Austrian Codeshare from late-June 2024 | access-date=24 June 2024 | archive-date=24 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624144231/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240618-caoscodeshare | url-status=live }}

| Avianca | Bogotá

| Azerbaijan Airlines | Baku{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240101-j2ns24lgw|title=Azerbaijan Airlines Adds London Gatwick Service in NS24|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=1 January 2024|accessdate=29 December 2024|language=en-CA}}

| Beijing Capital Airlines | Qingdao

| {{nowrap|Biman Bangladesh Airlines}} | Dhaka, Sylhet

| British Airways | Aberdeen,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241031-banw24lhreu|title=British Airways NW24 Heathrow – Europe Frequency Changes – 27OCT24|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=7 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207035222/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241031-banw24lhreu|url-status=live}} Abuja,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220509-bajun22lhrlh|title=British Airways June - Oct 2022 London Heathrow Long-Haul Adjustment|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=15 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215164350/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220509-bajun22lhrlh|url-status=live}} Accra, Amman–Queen Alia,{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241108-bans25me|title=British Airways NS25 Middle East Service Changes – 07NOV24|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=8 November 2024|accessdate=28 November 2024|language=en-CA|archive-date=3 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203001900/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241108-bans25me|url-status=live}} Amsterdam, Athens, Atlanta,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231129-bans24inc|title=British Airways NS24 Intercontinental Network Changes – 29NOV23|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=15 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215172953/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231129-bans24inc|url-status=live}} Austin,{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240826-bans25lhr | title=British Airways NS25 Heathrow Long-Haul Preliminary Changes – 25AUG24 | access-date=26 August 2024 | archive-date=26 August 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240826140730/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240826-bans25lhr | url-status=live }} Bahrain,{{cite web|url=https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/british-airways-scraps-bahrain-suspension|title=British Airways scraps plan to drop flights to Bahrain in apparent U-turn|publisher=Aero Time|date=21 November 2024|accessdate=22 November 2024|archive-date=21 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241121215612/https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/british-airways-scraps-bahrain-suspension|url-status=live}} Baltimore,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230918-bans24inc|title=British Airways NS24 Intercontinental Network Changes – 18SEP23|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=18 September 2023|archive-date=19 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919131108/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230918-bans24inc|url-status=live}} Barbados, Barcelona, Basel/Mulhouse, Belfast–City, Bengaluru,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240402-bans24inc|title=British Airways NS24 Intercontinental Network Changes – 31MAR24|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=25 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225023953/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240402-bans24inc|url-status=live}} Berlin, Bermuda, Billund, Bologna, Boston,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241028-banw24inc|title=British Airways NW24 Intercontinental Network Changes – 27OCT24|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024}} Brussels, Bucharest–Otopeni, Budapest, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Cairo,{{cite web|url=https://www.britishairways.com/en-gb/destinations/cairo/flights-to-cairo|publisher=britishairways.com|access-date=1 November 2020|title=Cairo|archive-date=29 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129074653/https://www.britishairways.com/en-gb/destinations/cairo/flights-to-cairo|url-status=live}} Cape Town, Chennai,{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240620-bajun24788 | title=British Airways Launches 787-8 Club Suite Service in late-June 2024 }} Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cologne/Bonn,{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231030-uknw23 | title=UK NW23 Network Additions/Removals Summary – 29OCT23 | access-date=3 September 2024 | archive-date=3 September 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240903231643/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231030-uknw23 | url-status=live }} Copenhagen, Delhi, Denver, Doha,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230921-bans24doh|title=British Airways NS24 Doha Service Changes|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=21 September 2023|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928061309/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230921-bans24doh|url-status=live}} Dubai–International, Dublin, Düsseldorf, Edinburgh, Frankfurt, Geneva, Gibraltar, Glasgow, Gothenburg, Grand Cayman,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220728-banw22inc|title=British Airways NW22 Intercontinental Network Adjustment - 28JUL22|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=15 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215175659/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220728-banw22inc|url-status=live}} Hamburg, Hanover, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Hyderabad, Inverness,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240527-banw24lhreu|title=British Airways NW24 London Heathrow – Europe Frequency Changes – 26MAY24|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=27 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227033930/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240527-banw24lhreu|url-status=live}} Istanbul, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen, Jeddah,{{Cite web|url=https://arab.news/nupgp|title=British Airways to resume Jeddah operations, enhancing UK-Saudi connectivity|date=15 May 2024|website=Arab News}} Jersey, Johannesburg–O.R. Tambo, Kraków, Kuala Lumpur–International,{{cite news|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/international/business/british-airways-to-cancel-hundreds-of-winter-flights-on-rolls-royce-parts-delays-ft-says/articleshow/114157316.cms|title= British Airways delays Kuala Lumpur resumption to April 2025|newspaper= The Economic Times|date= 11 October 2024}} Lagos,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231028-banw23inc|title=British Airways NW23 Intercontinental Network Changes – 27OCT23|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=15 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215175537/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231028-banw23inc|url-status=live}} Larnaca, Las Vegas,{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240722-banw24us | title=British Airways NW24 Additional US Service Changes – 20JUL24 | access-date=17 August 2024 | archive-date=17 August 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240817211833/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240722-banw24us | url-status=live }} Lisbon, Los Angeles, Luxembourg, Lyon, Madrid, Málaga, Malé,{{Cite web|url=https://www.britishairways.com/travel/schedules/public/en_gb|title=British Airways - Timetables|website=www.britishairways.com|access-date=3 March 2020|archive-date=30 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330083400/https://www.britishairways.com/travel/schedules/public/en_gb|url-status=live}} Manchester, Marrakesh,{{cite web|url=https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2018/05/22/british-airways-launches-marrakech-route-from-heathrow/|title=British Airways launches Marrakech route from Heathrow|date=22 May 2018|last=Otley|first=Tom|website=Business Traveller|access-date=22 May 2018|archive-date=24 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724010615/https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2018/05/22/british-airways-launches-marrakech-route-from-heathrow/|url-status=live}} Marseille, Mexico City, Miami, Milan–Linate, Milan–Malpensa, Montréal–Trudeau, Mumbai, Munich, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Naples,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240122-bans24eu|title=British Airways NS24 Gatwick / Heathrow European Frequency Changes – 21JAN24|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=12 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112223326/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240122-bans24eu|url-status=live}} Nashville, Nassau, New Orleans, New York–JFK, Newark, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nice, Oslo, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Pisa, Pittsburgh,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240913-bans25lhr|title=British Airways NS25 London Heathrow Long-Haul Changes – 12SEP24|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024}} Portland (OR), Prague, Providenciales, Reykjavík–Keflavík, Riga, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão, Riyadh, Rome–Fiumicino, San Diego, San Francisco, Santiago de Chile,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/221110-bans23lhr|title=British Airways NS23 London Heathrow Intercontinental Network Adjustment – 09NOV22|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=30 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130060342/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/221110-bans23lhr|url-status=live}} São Paulo–Guarulhos, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Sofia, Stockholm–Arlanda, Stuttgart, Sydney, Tbilisi,{{cite web | url=https://mediacentre.britishairways.com/news/17092024/british-airways-launches-the-uks-only-direct-flight-to-georgian-capital-tbilisi | title=British Airways announces direct flights to Georgian capital, Tbilisi – 19 September 2024 }}{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240920-bans25tbs|title=British Airways Resumes Tbilisi Service in late-March 2025|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024}} Tel Aviv (suspended until {{date|2025-7-31}}),{{cite news |title=British Airways extends suspension of Israel flights to end of July |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/british-airways-extends-suspension-of-israel-flights-to-end-of-july/ |access-date=23 May 2025 |work=www.timesofisrael.com |publisher=The Times of Israel |date=23 May 2025}} Tirana, Tokyo–Haneda, Toronto–Pearson, Toulouse, Valencia, Vancouver, Venice, Vienna, Warsaw–Chopin, Washington–Dulles, Zagreb, Zurich
Seasonal: Abu Dhabi,{{cite news|last=Darkunde|first=Mahesh|title=British Airways to Resume New Flights to Abu Dhabi After 4 Years Hiatus|url=https://aviationa2z.com/index.php/2023/10/19/british-airways-resume-flights-to-abu-dhabi/|work=Aviation A2Z|date=19 October 2023|access-date=19 October 2023|language=en|archive-date=19 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019205656/https://aviationa2z.com/index.php/2023/10/19/british-airways-resume-flights-to-abu-dhabi/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241221-bans25auh|title=British Airways Suspends Abu Dhabi Service in NS25|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=21 December 2024|archive-date=21 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241221052822/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241221-bans25auh|url-status=live}} Bodrum, Brindisi, Chania, Corfu, Dalaman, Dallas/Fort Worth,{{cite web|url=https://aviationa2z.com/index.php/2024/11/09/british-airways-turns-london-dallas-route-seasonal/|title=British Airways turns London-Dallas route into seasonal service|publisher=Aviation A2Z|date=November 9, 2024|accessdate=November 22, 2024|archive-date=13 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113002551/https://aviationa2z.com/index.php/2024/11/09/british-airways-turns-london-dallas-route-seasonal/|url-status=live}} Dubrovnik,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230130-baeu|title=British Airways NS23 Europe Frequency Variations – 29JAN23|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=30 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130160158/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230130-baeu|url-status=live}} Faro, Figari, Florence,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/221230-bans23flr|title=British Airways Adds London Heathrow – Florence Service From April 2023|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=31 October 2024|archive-date=30 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230080102/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/221230-bans23flr|url-status=live}} Grenoble, Heraklion, Ibiza, Innsbruck, İzmir,{{cite web | url=https://travelweekly.co.uk/news/air/british-airways-to-operate-heathrow-izmir-route-from-may | title=British Airways to operate Heathrow-Izmir route from May | access-date=21 December 2023 | archive-date=5 February 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205234911/https://travelweekly.co.uk/news/air/british-airways-to-operate-heathrow-izmir-route-from-may | url-status=live }} Kalamata, Kefalonia, Ljubljana,{{Cite web|url=https://www.exyuaviation.com/2024/06/british-airways-to-suspend-ljubljana.html|title=British Airways to suspend Ljubljana service over winter|date=26 June 2024|access-date=26 June 2024|archive-date=26 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626122610/https://www.exyuaviation.com/2024/06/british-airways-to-suspend-ljubljana.html|url-status=live}} Mykonos, Nuremberg,[https://www.routesonline.com/airports/6864/albrecht-durer-airport-nurnberg/news/299663197/nurembergs-christmas-market-now-served-by-a-seasonal-british-airways-service-from-london-heathrow/ routesonline.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623095208/https://www.routesonline.com/airports/6864/albrecht-durer-airport-nurnberg/news/299663197/nurembergs-christmas-market-now-served-by-a-seasonal-british-airways-service-from-london-heathrow/ |date=23 June 2024 }} 17 June 2024 Olbia, Palermo, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Perugia, Ponta Delgada, Preveza/Lefkada, Rhodes, Rimini,{{cite web |title=British Airways Expands Italy Network in NS25 |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241128-bans25it |website=Aeroroutes |access-date=28 November 2024 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130150601/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241128-bans25it |url-status=live }} Salzburg, Santorini, Split, Thessaloniki, Tromsø,{{Cite web|url=http://travelweekly.co.uk/news/air/british-airways-to-launch-inaugural-tromso-service-in-december|title=British Airways to launch inaugural Tromsø service in December|first=Jacobs Media Group|last=Ltd|website=Travel Weekly|access-date=15 June 2024|archive-date=13 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613104431/http://travelweekly.co.uk/news/air/british-airways-to-launch-inaugural-tromso-service-in-december|url-status=live}} Zakynthos

| Brussels Airlines | Brussels{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240527-snnw24eu|title=Brussels Airlines NW24 Europe Frequency Changes – 26MAY24|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=27 October 2024|archive-date=12 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112223417/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240527-snnw24eu|url-status=live}}

| Bulgaria Air | Sofia{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230823-fbnw23220|title=Bulgaria Air NW23 A220 Operations – 22AUG23|website=Aeroroutes.com|accessdate=2 November 2024|archive-date=5 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241205071459/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230823-fbnw23220|url-status=live}}

| Cathay Pacific | Hong Kong

| China Airlines | Taipei–Taoyuan

| China Eastern Airlines | Shanghai–Pudong{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240926-munw24lhr|title=China Eastern Expands NW24 London Heathrow Service|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=30 September 2024|archive-date=23 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123233816/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240926-munw24lhr|url-status=live}}

| China Southern Airlines | Beijing–Daxing,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230915-cznov23pkxlhr|title=China Southern Nov 2023 Beijing – London Service Reductions|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=18 September 2023|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928231002/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230915-cznov23pkxlhr|url-status=live}} Guangzhou, Wuhan{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230926-cz4q23lon|title=China Southern 4Q23 London Network Expansion|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=28 September 2023|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928162358/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230926-cz4q23lon|url-status=live}}

| Croatia Airlines | Zagreb{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241029-ounw24220|title=Croatia Airlines NW24 A220 Network – 27OCT24|website=Aeroroutes.com|accessdate=2 November 2024|language=en-CA}}
Seasonal: Split{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230821-ounw23|title=Croatia Airlines NW23 Network Changes – 20AUG23|website=Aeroroutes.com|accessdate=2 November 2024|language=en-CA|archive-date=26 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126202212/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230821-ounw23|url-status=live}}

| Delta Air Lines | Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK, Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma

| Egyptair | Cairo
Seasonal: Luxor

| El Al | Tel Aviv{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240129-sklycodeshare | title=El al / SAS Begins Codeshare Partnership from Feb 2024 | access-date=3 September 2024 | archive-date=3 December 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203105249/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240129-sklycodeshare | url-status=live }}

| Emirates | Dubai–International{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231006-eknw23|title=Emirates NW23 Network Overview/Changes – 05OCT23|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=6 October 2023|accessdate=2 February 2025|language=en-ca}}

| Ethiopian Airlines | Addis Ababa{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241007-etnov24351|title=Ethiopian Airlines Outlines Nov 2024 A350-1000XWB Operations|website=Aeroroutes}}

| Etihad Airways | Abu Dhabi{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241108-eynw24|title=Etihad NW24 Service Changes – 08NOV24|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=8 November 2024|accessdate=8 November 2024|language=en-CA|archive-date=4 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204025451/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241108-eynw24|url-status=live}}

| Eurowings | Cologne/Bonn,{{Cite web |title=ANA / Eurowings NW24 Codeshare Network Expansion |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240916-nhewcodeshare |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=AeroRoutes |language=en-CA}} Düsseldorf, Hamburg, Stuttgart

| EVA Air | Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Taipei–Taoyuan

| Finnair | Helsinki{{Cite web |title=Finnair NW24 Europe Frequency Changes – 27OCT24 |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241031-aynw24eu |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=AeroRoutes |language=en-CA}}

| Gulf Air | Bahrain

| Hainan Airlines | Changsha, Haikou

| Iberia | Madrid{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241007-iboct24eu|title=Iberia Moves A321XLR Europe Debut to 28OCT24|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=7 October 2024|archive-date=7 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007153306/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241007-iboct24eu|url-status=live}}

| Icelandair | Reykjavík–Keflavík{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231021-fins24intl|title=Icelandair NS24 International Peak Season Service Changes – 20OCT23|website=Aeroroutes.com|accessdate=2 November 2024|language=en-CA|archive-date=6 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206145124/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231021-fins24intl|url-status=live}}

| Japan Airlines | Tokyo–Haneda{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241102-jlns25lhr|title=JAL NS25 London Heathrow Preliminary Aircraft Changes|website=Aeroroutes.com|accessdate=2 November 2024|archive-date=2 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241102094920/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241102-jlns25lhr|url-status=live}}

| JetBlue | Boston, New York–JFK{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241008-tpb6codeshare|title=TAP Air Portugal Expands JetBlue Trans-Atlantic Codeshare From Oct 2024|website=Aeroroutes}}

| Kenya Airways | Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230928-kqnw23lhr|title=Kenya Airways NW23 London Service Expansion|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=28 September 2023|archive-date=4 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004115343/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230928-kqnw23lhr|url-status=live}}

| KLM | Amsterdam{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240801-klnw2432q | title=KLM NW24 A321neo Network Expansion | access-date=16 August 2024 | archive-date=5 October 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241005193929/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240801-klnw2432q | url-status=live }}

| KM Malta Airlines | Malta{{cite web|url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/new-airline-replacing-air-malta-fly-march-31.1058754|title=New airline replacing Air Malta to fly on March 31, 2024|date=2 October 2023|access-date=24 October 2023|archive-date=17 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017065245/https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/new-airline-replacing-air-malta-fly-march-31.1058754|url-status=live}}

| Korean Air | Seoul–Incheon

| Kuwait Airways | Kuwait City

| LATAM Brasil | São Paulo–Guarulhos

| Loganair | Derry,{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240227-lmns24|title=Loganair NS24 Service Changes – 25FEB24|website=Aeroroutes.com|accessdate=2 November 2024|language=en-CA|archive-date=15 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615175506/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240227-lmns24|url-status=live}} Dundee,{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230419-lmlhr|title=Loganair Moves Derry / Dundee – London Service to Heathrow From May 2023|website=Aeroroutes.com|accessdate=2 November 2024|language=en-CA|archive-date=19 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419044805/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230419-lmlhr|url-status=live}} Isle of Man, Kirkwall,{{efn|Kirkwall service is a continuation of the Dundee service as the same flight number}} Sumburgh{{efn|Sumburgh service is a continuation of the Dundee service as the same flight number}}

| LOT Polish Airlines | Warsaw–Chopin{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220725-loaug22|title=LOT Polish Airlines August 2022 Network Adjustment - 24JUL22|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=25 July 2022|accessdate=29 December 2024|language=en-CA|archive-date=29 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241229183848/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220725-loaug22|url-status=live}}

| Lufthansa | Frankfurt,{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241030-lhnw24eu|title=Lufthansa NW24 Europe Frequency Changes – 27OCT24|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=30 October 2024|accessdate=1 February 2025|language=en-ca}} Munich
Seasonal: Salzburg{{cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230720-lhnw23lhr|title=Lufthansa Expands London Heathrow Seasonal Routes from Mid-Dec 2023|publisher=AeroRoutes|date=20 July 2023|accessdate=21 July 2023}}

| Malaysia Airlines | Kuala Lumpur–International

| Middle East Airlines | Beirut

| Oman Air | Muscat

| Qantas | Perth,{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240809-qfaug24perlhr | title=Qantas August 2024 Perth – London Routing Changes | access-date=16 August 2024 | archive-date=16 August 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240816132223/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240809-qfaug24perlhr | url-status=live }} Singapore, Sydney

| Qatar Airways | Doha

| Royal Air Maroc | Casablanca{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220413-at3q22eu|title=Royal Air Maroc 3Q22 European Frequency Changes - 11APR22|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=13 April 2022|accessdate=8 February 2024|language=en-CA}}

| Royal Brunei Airlines | Bandar Seri Begawan, Dubai–International

| Royal Jordanian | Amman–Queen Alia{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241105-rjnw24|title=Royal Jordanian NW24 Service Changes – 03NOV24|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=5 November 2024|accessdate=5 November 2024|language=en-CA}}

| RwandAir | Kigali{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231116-wbnw23lhr|title=Rwandair Revises NW23 UK Service Increases|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=16 November 2023|accessdate=1 February 2025|language=en-ca}}

| Saudia | Jeddah,{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241104-svnw24int|title=Saudia NW24 International Service Changes – 03NOV24|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=4 November 2024|accessdate=4 November 2024|language=en-CA}} Riyadh

| Scandinavian Airlines | Copenhagen,{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241030-sknw24eu|title=SAS NW24 Europe Service Changes – 27OCT24|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=30 October 2024|accessdate=27 November 2024|language=en-CA}} Oslo, Stockholm–Arlanda
Seasonal: Sälen-Trysil,{{Cite web|url=http://travelweekly.co.uk/news/air/sas-adds-two-winter-routes-from-london-to-northern-scandinavia|title=SAS adds two winter routes from London to northern Scandinavia|first=Jacobs Media Group|last=Ltd|website=Travel Weekly|access-date=15 June 2024|archive-date=23 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623173501/https://travelweekly.co.uk/news/air/sas-adds-two-winter-routes-from-london-to-northern-scandinavia|url-status=live}} Tromsø

| Shenzhen Airlines | Shenzhen

| Singapore Airlines | Singapore{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240731-sqnov24lhr | title=Singapore Airlines Nov 2024 London Heathrow Service Changes }}

| SriLankan Airlines | Colombo–Bandaranaike

| {{nowrap|Swiss International Air Lines}} | Geneva,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241030-lxnw24eu|title=SWISS NW24 Europe Frequency Changes – 27OCT24|website=Aeroroutes}} Zurich{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220704-lxaug22eu|title=Swiss August 2022 Intra-Europe Operation Update - 03JUL22|website=Aeroroutes|accessdate=30 October 2024|archive-date=7 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207043311/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220704-lxaug22eu|url-status=live}}

| TAP Air Portugal | Lisbon{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240702-b6tpcodeshare|title=JetBlue / TAP Air Portugal Expands Codeshare Service From July 2024|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=27 February 2024|accessdate=2 July 2024|language=en-CA}}

| {{nowrap|Thai Airways International}} | Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi

| Tianjin Airlines | Chongqing, Tianjin,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241002-gs4q24lhr|title=Tianjin Airlines 4Q24 London Service Changes|website=AeroRoutes}} Xi'an{{cite web|title=Tianjin Airlines 4Q24 London Service Changes|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241002-gs4q24lhr|access-date=16 November 2024|archive-date=7 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207052935/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241002-gs4q24lhr|url-status=live}}

| Tunisair | Tunis

| Turkish Airlines | Istanbul

| United Airlines | Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Los Angeles, Newark,{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240730-uaoct24ewrlhr | title=United Extra Newark – London Service in Oct 2024 | access-date=17 August 2024 | archive-date=17 August 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240817192542/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240730-uaoct24ewrlhr | url-status=live }} San Francisco, Washington–Dulles

| Uzbekistan Airways | Tashkent{{cite news |last1=Liu |first1=Jim |title=Uzbekistan Airways NS25 London Capacity Increases |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/250122-hyns25lon |access-date=22 January 2025 |work=AeroRoutes |date=22 January 2025 |language=en-CA}}

| Vietnam Airlines | Hanoi,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231229-vnns24lhr|title=Vietnam Airlines NS24 London Operations – 28DEC23|website=AeroRoutes}} Ho Chi Minh City

| Virgin Atlantic | Antigua,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241007-skvscodeshare|title=SAS / Virgin Atlantic Begins Codeshare Service From Oct 2024|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=7 October 2024|archive-date=7 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007152534/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241007-skvscodeshare|url-status=live}} Atlanta,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231216-vsns24|title=Virgin Atlantic NS24 Service Adjustments – 16DEC23|website=Aeroroutes}} Barbados, Bengaluru,{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240415-ukns24 | title=UK NS24 Network Additions – 14APR24 | access-date=3 September 2024 | archive-date=3 September 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240903214303/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240415-ukns24 | url-status=live }} Boston,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231028-vsnw23|title=Virgin Atlantic NW23 Operation Changes – 28OCT23|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=26 October 2024|archive-date=8 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008071953/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231028-vsnw23|url-status=live}} Cancún (begins 19 October 2025),{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241108-vsnw25cun|title=Virgin Atlantic Resumes Cancun Service From Oct 2025|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=8 November 2024|accessdate=8 November 2024|language=en-CA|archive-date=8 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241108163124/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/241108-vsnw25cun|url-status=live}} Delhi,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231106-vnvscodeshare|title=Vietnam Airlines Adds Virgin Atlantic Codeshare From mid-Dec 2023|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=26 October 2024|archive-date=6 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106043512/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/231106-vnvscodeshare|url-status=live}} Grenada, Johannesburg–O.R. Tambo,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240513-muvscodeshare|title=China Eastern / Virgin Atlantic mid-May 2024 Codeshare Expansion|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=26 October 2024|archive-date=15 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215171504/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240513-muvscodeshare|url-status=live}} Lagos,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240509-vsns25|title=Virgin Atlantic NS25 Initial Operation Changes – 05MAY24|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=26 October 2024|archive-date=15 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215170259/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240509-vsns25|url-status=live}} Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, Montego Bay,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240104-vsnw24caribbean|title=Virgin Atlantic NW24 Jamaica / Bahamas Service Increases|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=4 January 2024|archive-date=4 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104094821/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240104-vsnw24caribbean|url-status=live}} Mumbai, New York–JFK,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240910-ns25naeu|title=Data: NS25 North America Daytime Morning Departures to Europe|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=26 October 2024|archive-date=10 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910133245/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240910-ns25naeu|url-status=live}} Orlando,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220730-vsnw22|title=Virgin Atlantic NW22 Operation Update / A330-900neo Network as of 30JUL22|website=Aeroroutes}} Riyadh,{{cite web|url=https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2024/09/02/virgin-atlantic-to-launch-flights-to-riyadh/|title=Virgin Atlantic to launch flights to Riyadh|publisher=businesstraveller|access-date=2 September 2024|archive-date=3 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240903095103/https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2024/09/02/virgin-atlantic-to-launch-flights-to-riyadh/|url-status=live}} San Francisco,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240603-vsns25sfo|title=Virgin Atlantic NS25 San Francisco Aircraft Changes|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=26 October 2024|archive-date=3 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003054229/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240603-vsns25sfo|url-status=live}} Seattle/Tacoma, St. Vincent–Argyle,{{Cite web|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/250101-vsns25|title=Virgin Atlantic NS25 Network Changes – 29DEC24|website=Aeroroutes.com|date=1 January 2025|accessdate=1 February 2025|language=en-ca}} Seoul–Incheon (begins 29 March 2026),{{cite web | url=https://www.travelgossip.co.uk/latestnews/virgin-atlantic-adds-new-route-to-seoul | title=Virgin Atlantic adds new route to Seoul }} Tampa, Toronto–Pearson,{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240615-vsns25yyz|title=Virgin Atlantic resumes Toronto service from late-March 2025|first=Jim|last=Liu|website=Aeroroutes|date=June 15, 2024|access-date=June 15, 2024|archive-date=15 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615074323/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240615-vsns25yyz|url-status=live}} Washington–Dulles{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240429-vsns24iad|title=Virgin Atlantic Extends A350 Washington Service in NS24|website=Aeroroutes|access-date=26 October 2024|archive-date=15 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215181824/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240429-vsns24iad|url-status=live}}
Seasonal: Cape Town, Dubai–International, Malé{{cite news|last=Mayling|first=Samantha|url=https://travelweekly.co.uk/news/air/virgin-atlantic-unveils-new-services-to-maldives-and-turks-caicos|title=Virgin Atlantic unveils new services to Maldives and Turks and Caicos|work=Travel Weekly|date=17 November 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=21 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221190811/https://travelweekly.co.uk/news/air/virgin-atlantic-unveils-new-services-to-maldives-and-turks-caicos|url-status=live}}

| Vueling | Barcelona,{{cite web | url=https://travelweekly.co.uk/articles/516494/vueling-adds-two-routes-from-heathrow | title=Vueling adds two routes from Heathrow | access-date=14 February 2024 | archive-date=14 February 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214120108/https://travelweekly.co.uk/articles/516494/vueling-adds-two-routes-from-heathrow | url-status=live }} Bilbao,{{cite web |title=Vueling NS25 Network Changes – 02FEB25 |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/250203-vyns25 |website=Aeroroutes |access-date=3 February 2025}} Paris–Orly, Santiago de Compostela{{Cite web|url=https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/santiago/santiago/2025/01/23/vueling-estrenara-proximo-30-marzo-nueva-conexion-santiago-londres-heathrow/00031737651090536884977.htm|title=Vueling estrenará el próximo 30 de marzo una nueva conexión entre Santiago y Londres-Heathrow|website=La Voz de Santiago|date=23 January 2025 |accessdate=23 January 2025}}

| WestJet | Calgary{{cite web|url=https://ca.travelpulse.com/news/airlines/westjet-announces-route-details-for-new-yyc-lhr-service.html|title=WestJet Announces Routes Details for New YYC-LHR route|publisher=ca.travelpulse.com|date=December 1, 2021|accessdate=December 1, 2021|archive-date=2 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002230940/https://ca.travelpulse.com/news/airlines/westjet-announces-route-details-for-new-yyc-lhr-service.html|url-status=live}}

}}

{{Airport destination list

| Aerotranscargo{{cite web|title=Home|url=https://www.atc-md.aero/|website=Aerotranscargo|access-date=21 September 2023|archive-date=17 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617081039/https://www.atc-md.aero/|url-status=live}}{{cite press release|title=ER-JAI Take off from Heathrow LHR|url=https://www.atc-md.aero/er-jai-take-off-from-heathrow-lhr/|work=Aerotranscargo|date=2 January 2021|access-date=21 September 2023|archive-date=29 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929000220/https://www.atc-md.aero/er-jai-take-off-from-heathrow-lhr/|url-status=live}} | Astana, Hong Kong

| Cathay Cargo[http://www.cathaypacificcargo.com/en-us/manageyourshipment/checkflightschedule.aspx cathaypacificcargo.com – Check Flight Schedule] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221217135700/http://www.cathaypacificcargo.com/en-us/manageyourshipment/checkflightschedule.aspx |date=17 December 2022 }} retrieved 1 March 2020 | Hong Kong, Paris–Charles de Gaulle

| DHL Aviation[https://aviationcargo.dhl.com/destinations-served dhl.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505063723/https://aviationcargo.dhl.com/destinations-served |date=5 May 2022 }} retrieved 20 January 2021 | Amsterdam, Brussels, Cincinnati, Leipzig/Halle, Milan–Malpensa

| Korean Air Cargo[https://cargo.koreanair.com/en/weekly-schedule cargo.koreanair.com – Weekly Schedule] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101150512/https://cargo.koreanair.com/en/weekly-schedule |date=1 November 2021 }} retrieved 1 March 2020 | Frankfurt, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Seoul–Incheon

| Lufthansa Cargo[https://lufthansa-cargo.com/de/network/schedule-routings lufthansa-cargo.com – Routes & Schedules] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605030717/https://lufthansa-cargo.com/de/network/schedule-routings |date=5 June 2023 }} retrieved 20 September 2022{{cite web | url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220920-lhcnw22lhr | title=Lufthansa Cargo Adds A321 Freighter London Service from Oct 2022 |website=AeroRoutes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004115001/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/220920-lhcnw22lhr |archive-date= 4 October 2023 }} | Frankfurt

| One Air{{cite web|url=https://www.freightwaves.com/news/uk-startup-one-air-launches-cargo-service-with-1-jumbo-jet|title=UK startup One Air launches cargo service with 1 jumbo jet|publisher=Freight Waves|date=25 July 2023|accessdate=28 July 2023|archive-date=28 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728135141/https://www.freightwaves.com/news/uk-startup-one-air-launches-cargo-service-with-1-jumbo-jet|url-status=live}} | Jinan

| Qatar Airways Cargo[http://www.qrcargo.com/docs/07.Summer%2019%20Freighter%20Schedule%20Issue%207%20-%20Effective%201st%20October%202019%20to%2026th%20October%202019.pdf qrcargo.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808230535/https://www.qrcargo.com/docs/07.Summer%2019%20Freighter%20Schedule%20Issue%207%20-%20Effective%201st%20October%202019%20to%2026th%20October%202019.pdf |date=8 August 2020 }} retrieved 12 September 2019{{Cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230113-qrceu|title=Qatar Airways Cargo Adds New European Sectors From Jan 2023|website=AeroRoutes|access-date=27 January 2023|archive-date=19 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119105822/https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230113-qrceu|url-status=live}} | Doha, Munich

| Singapore Airlines Cargo[http://www.siacargo.com/ccn/ScheduleSearch.aspx siacargo.com – Flight Schedules] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201142707/http://www.siacargo.com/ccn/ScheduleSearch.aspx |date=1 December 2019 }} retrieved 24 November 2019 | Amsterdam, Sharjah, Singapore

| Virgin Atlantic[https://corporate.virginatlantic.com/gb/en/media/press-releases/virgin-atlantic-operates-flights-to-brussels.html Virgin Atlantic operates flights to Brussels for the winter season] retrieved 14 December 2024 | Seasonal: Brussels

}}

File:London Heathrow Statistics.png

When ranked by passenger traffic, Heathrow is the eighth busiest airport internationally, behind Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, Denver International Airport, Chicago O'Hare International Airport, Dubai International Airport, Los Angeles International Airport, and Istanbul Airport, for the 12 months ending December 2022.{{cite web |date=13 April 2023 |title=The top 10 busiest airports in the world by passenger numbers |url=https://www.internationalairportreview.com/article/32311/top-10-busiest-airports-world-passenger-number/ |publisher=International Airport Review |access-date=24 September 2023 |archive-date=28 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928231001/https://www.internationalairportreview.com/article/32311/top-10-busiest-airports-world-passenger-number/ |url-status=live }} London Heathrow Airport was noted as the best-connected airport globally in 2019 according to the OAG's Megahubs Index with a connectivity score of 317. Dominant carrier British Airways was recorded as holding a 51% share of flights at the hub.{{cite web|url=https://www.oag.com/oag-megahubs-2019|title=Megahubs Index 2019|publisher=OAG|location=Luton|date=29 October 2019|access-date=5 June 2022|archive-date=27 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927151251/https://www.oag.com/oag-megahubs-2019|url-status=live}}

In 2015, Heathrow was the busiest airport in Europe in total passenger traffic, with 14% more passengers than Paris–Charles de Gaulle Airport{{cite web|url=http://www.parisaeroport.fr/en/group/finance/investor-relations/traffic|title=Investor Relations – Paris Airports Traffic|publisher=Aeroports De Paris|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313085015/http://www.parisaeroport.fr/en/group/finance/investor-relations/traffic|archive-date=13 March 2018|url-status=live}} and 22% more than Istanbul Atatürk Airport.{{cite web|url=http://dhmi.gov.tr/istatistik.aspx|title=Turkish Airport Statistics|publisher=DHMI|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510154340/http://dhmi.gov.tr/istatistik.aspx|archive-date=10 May 2015|url-status=dead}} Heathrow was the fourth busiest European airport by cargo traffic in 2013, after Frankfurt Airport, Paris–Charles de Gaulle and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol.{{cite web|url=http://www.aci.aero/Data-Centre/Annual-Traffic-Data/Cargo/2016-final-summary|title=Cargo Traffic 2013 Final|year=2013|access-date=23 March 2018|publisher=Airports Council International|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141937/http://www.aci.aero/Data-Centre/Annual-Traffic-Data/Cargo/2016-final-summary|archive-date=12 June 2018|url-status=live}}

In 2020, Heathrow's passenger numbers dropped sharply by over 72%, (a decrease of 58{{nbsp}}million travellers compared to 2019), due to the impact caused by restrictions and/or bans on travel caused by the global COVID-19 pandemic. More than four million passengers travelled on domestic and international flights in and out of Heathrow in March 2023, meaning it was once again the busiest airport in Europe after falling to the second spot in November 2022.{{Cite web|url=https://businesstravelerusa.com/news/london-heathrow-reigns-supreme-as-europes-busiest-airport/|title=Europe's Busiest Airports|date=12 April 2023|website=Business Traveler USA}}

On 29 November 2024, it was reported that Heathrow Airport is testing the usage of Artificial Intelligence, a system known as Amy, to assist air controllers in managing one of the world's busiest airports. The system, which relies heavily on the efficiency of coordination, is capable of tracking aircraft across a wide airspace with the combination of radar and video data collected from the ground.{{Cite web |date=2024-11-29 |title=How AI is being piloted to help direct air traffic at Heathrow airport |url=https://www.euronews.com/next/2024/11/29/one-of-the-worlds-busiest-airports-is-piloting-using-ai-to-assist-air-traffic-control |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=euronews |language=en |archive-date=7 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207060521/https://www.euronews.com/next/2024/11/29/one-of-the-worlds-busiest-airports-is-piloting-using-ai-to-assist-air-traffic-control |url-status=live }}

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File:Compass Building on the Bath Road by Philip Jeffrey.jpg, the head office of Heathrow Airport Holdings]]

The head office of Heathrow Airport Holdings (formerly BAA Limited) is located in the Compass Centre by Heathrow's northern runway, a building that previously served as a British Airways flight crew centre.{{cite web|url=http://www.britishairwaysjobs.com/baweb1/?newms=info41|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060303141450/http://www.britishairwaysjobs.com/baweb1/?newms=info41|archive-date=3 March 2006|title=Explore Our Working World|publisher=British Airways|date=3 March 2006|url-status=dead}} The World Business Centre Heathrow consists of three buildings. 1 World Business Centre houses offices of Heathrow Airport Holdings, Heathrow Airport itself, and Scandinavian Airlines.{{cite web|url=http://www.thearoragroup.com/business/property/world-business-centre-heathrow|title=World Business Centre Heathrow|publisher=thearoragroup.com|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324070901/http://www.thearoragroup.com/business/property/world-business-centre-heathrow|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}} Previously International Airlines Group had its head office in 2 World Business Centre.{{cite web|url=http://www.iairgroup.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=240949&p=contact|title=IAG – International Airlines Group – Investor Relations Team|publisher=Iairgroup.com|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826031348/http://www.iairgroup.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=240949&p=contact|archive-date=26 August 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.iairgroup.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=240949&p=aboutoverview|title=IAG – International Airlines Group – About Us|publisher=Iairgroup.com|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150903230804/http://www.iairgroup.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=240949&p=aboutoverview|archive-date=3 September 2015|url-status=live}}

At one time the British Airways head office was located within Heathrow Airport at Speedbird House"World Airline Directory." Flight International. 26 March – 1 April 1997. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1997/1997%20-%200826.html?search=%22British%20Airways%22 58] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306010603/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1997/1997%20-%200826.html?search=%22British%20Airways%22 |date=6 March 2012 }}. "Speedbird House, PO Box 10, London Heathrow Airport, Hounslow, Middlesex, TW6 2JA, UK." before the completion of Waterside, the current BA head office in Harmondsworth, in June 1998.{{Cite book |last1=McKellar |first1=Susie |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xsHsnIUPGw0C&dq=Waterside+completed+june+1998&pg=PA200 |title=Interior Design and Identity |last2=Sparke |first2=Penny |publisher=Manchester University Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7190-6729-7 |page=200 |chapter=The Contemporary Office |access-date=12 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518094217/https://books.google.com/books?id=xsHsnIUPGw0C&pg=PA200&dq=Waterside+completed+june+1998&cd=2#v=onepage&q=Waterside%20completed%20june%201998&f=false |archive-date=18 May 2016 |url-status=live |via=Google Books}}

To the north of the airfield lies the Northern Perimeter Road, along which most of Heathrow's car rental agencies are based, and Bath Road, which runs parallel to it, but outside the airport campus.

File:Heathrow Airport tube and rail stations.png is now the Elizabeth line.)]]

File:Paddington - GWR 387141%2B387130 arriving from Heathrow.JPG Class 387 at London Paddington]]

There are three train services to Central London:

• Heathrow Express: a non-stop service direct to London Paddington; trains leave every 15 minutes for the 15-minute journey (21 minutes to and from Terminal 5). Trains depart from Heathrow Terminal 5 station or Heathrow Central station (Terminals 2 & 3). There is a free transfer service between Terminal 4 and Heathrow Central to connect with services from London and Terminal 5.
• Elizabeth line: a stopping service to Abbey Wood and Shenfield via Paddington and central London – 6 trains per hour, two originating from Terminal 5 and four originating from Terminal 4.{{cite web |title=Elizabeth line timetable 21 May to 9 Dec 2023 |url=https://content.tfl.gov.uk/elizabeth-line-timetable-may-2023.pdf |publisher=Transport for London |access-date=24 May 2023 |archive-date=26 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526055814/https://content.tfl.gov.uk/elizabeth-line-timetable-may-2023.pdf |url-status=dead }} Calls at Hayes & Harlington for connecting trains to Reading. Scheduled journey time into Central London is around 35 minutes.
• London Underground (Piccadilly line): four stations serve the airport: Terminal 2 & 3, Terminal 4 and Terminal 5 serve the passenger terminals; Hatton Cross serves the maintenance areas. The usual journey time from Heathrow Central to Central London is around 40–50 minutes.{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/trains|title=Heathrow Airport trains|publisher=Heathrow Airport Holdings|location=London|access-date=23 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324105350/https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/trains|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}}

Many bus and coach services operate from Heathrow Central bus station, which serves Terminal 2 and Terminal 3. Services also operate from the bus stations located at Terminal 4 and Terminal 5.

File:Heathrow Terminal 5 - Track Transit System (2307580672).jpg

Terminals 2 and 3 are within walking distance of each other. Transfers from Terminals 2 and 3 to Terminals 4 and 5 are provided by Elizabeth line and Heathrow Express trains and the London Underground Piccadilly line.{{cite web|title=Travel between terminals|url=https://www.heathrow.com/airport-guide/getting-around-heathrow/travel-between-terminals|publisher=Heathrow Airport Holdings|location=London|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324102159/https://www.heathrow.com/airport-guide/getting-around-heathrow/travel-between-terminals|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}} Direct transfer between Terminals 4 and 5 is provided for free by route H30, introduced by Diamond Buses on 1 December 2022.{{cite web |url=https://www.diamondbuses.com/bus-services/se/se-h30/ |title=SE H30 |publisher=Diamond Bus |access-date=29 January 2025}}

Transit passengers remaining airside are provided with free dedicated transfer buses between terminals. These use dedicated airside tunnels (Heathrow Cargo Tunnel between Terminals 2/3 and 4, Heathrow Airside Road Tunnel between Terminals 2/3 and 5) to minimise disruption to aircraft operations.

The Heathrow Pod personal rapid transit system shuttles passengers between Terminal 5 and the business car park using 21 small, driverless transportation pods. The pods are battery-powered and run on-demand on a four-kilometre track, each able to carry up to four adults, two children, and their luggage.{{Cite news|title=Heathrow to Debut Futuristic Travel Pods|publisher=PopSci.com.au|date=27 January 2009|url=http://www.popsci.com.au/scitech/article/2009-01/heathrow-debut-futuristic-travel-pods|access-date=27 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090131090627/http://popsci.com.au/scitech/article/2009-01/heathrow-debut-futuristic-travel-pods|archive-date=31 January 2009|url-status=dead}} Plans exist to extend the Pod system to connect Terminals 2 and 3 to remote car parks.{{cite journal|title=My Pods|journal=Futureairports|page=61|url=http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/b0ecc6ab#/b0ecc6ab/1|access-date=8 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908133104/http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/b0ecc6ab#/b0ecc6ab/1|archive-date=8 September 2014|url-status=live}}

An underground automated people mover system known as the Transit operates within Terminal 5, linking the main terminal with the satellite Terminals 5B and 5C. The Transit operates entirely airside using Bombardier Innovia APM 200 people mover vehicles.{{cite web|url=https://www.bombardier.com/en/transportation/projects/project.innovia-london-uk.html|title=INNOVIA APM 200 – London Heathrow Airport, UK|location=Derby|publisher=Bombardier Transportation UK|access-date=4 June 2018|archive-date=3 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403151337/https://web.archive.org/web/20140331113703/https://www.bombardier.com/en/transportation/projects/project.innovia-london-uk.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web |title=Heathrow Terminal 5 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2008/01/23/heathrow_terminal5_feature.shtml |website=BBC |access-date=23 October 2019 |archive-date=20 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120113112/https://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2008/01/23/heathrow_terminal5_feature.shtml |url-status=live }}

Some hotels are directly connected to the terminals, and therefore are walkable without any transfers. Many more hotels are easily accessible using the local buses which depart from all terminals.

The Hotel Hoppa bus network also connects all terminals to major hotels in the area.[https://www.hotelhoppa.co.uk/ Home] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180421232252/https://www.hotelhoppa.co.uk/ |date=21 April 2018 }} Hotel Hoppa

Taxis are available at all terminals.{{Cite web |title=By taxi or mini cab {{!}} Heathrow |url=https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/by-taxi-or-mini-cab |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Heathrow Airport |language=en-GB |archive-date=11 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111203120/https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/by-taxi-or-mini-cab |url-status=live }}

Heathrow is accessible via the nearby M4 motorway or A4 road (Terminals 2–3), the M25 motorway (Terminals 4 and 5) and the A30 road (Terminal 4). There are drop-off and pick-up areas at all terminals and short-{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/heathrow-parking/heathrow-short-stay-parking|title=Heathrow Short Stay Parking|publisher=Heathrow Airport|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324101931/https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/heathrow-parking/heathrow-short-stay-parking|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}} and long-stay{{cite web|url=https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/heathrow-parking/heathrow-long-stay-parking|title=Heathrow Long Stay Parking|publisher=Heathrow Airport|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324102202/https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/heathrow-parking/heathrow-long-stay-parking|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}} multi-storey car parks. All the Heathrow forecourts are drop-off only.{{cite web|title=Heathrow parking picking up and dropping off information|url=https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/heathrow-parking|website=www.heathrow.com|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324102402/https://www.heathrow.com/transport-and-directions/heathrow-parking|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}} There are further car parks, not run by Heathrow Airport Holdings, just outside the airport: the most recognisable is the National Car Parks facility, although there are many other options; these car parks are connected to the terminals by shuttle buses.

Four parallel tunnels under the northern runway connect the M4 Heathrow spur and the A4 road to Terminals 2–3. The two larger tunnels are each two lanes wide and are used for motorised traffic. The two smaller tunnels were originally reserved for pedestrians and bicycles; to increase traffic capacity the cycle lanes have been modified to each take a single lane of cars, although bicycles still have priority over cars.{{cn|date=January 2025}} Pedestrian access to the smaller tunnels has been discontinued, with the free bus services being used instead.

There are (mainly off-road) bicycle routes to some of the terminals.Transport for London free maps 'London Cycling Guide 6' covers Terminals 1, 2 & 3 while 'London Cycling Guide 9' covers Terminal 4 (as of the June 2007 revision). Free bicycle parking places are available in car parks 1 and 1A, at Terminal 4, and to the North and South of Terminal 5's Interchange Plaza. Cycling is not currently allowed through the main tunnel to access the central area and Terminals 2 and 3.{{Cite web|url=http://www.heathrowairport.com/assets/Internet/Heathrow/Heathrow%20downloads/Static%20files/Cycle_Motorcycle.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511181653/http://www.heathrowairport.com/assets/Internet/Heathrow/Heathrow%20downloads/Static%20files/Cycle_Motorcycle.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Cycling and Motorcycling map|archivedate=11 May 2008}}

• On 3 March 1948, a Sabena Douglas DC-3 (registration: OO-AWH) crashed in fog. Three crew and 19 of the 22 passengers on board died.{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/printFriendly/0,,1-46-597343,00.html|work=The Times|location=London|title=On This Day The Times 3 March 1948|date=3 March 2003|access-date=23 March 2018|first=Fiona|last=Hamilton|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905163546/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/printFriendly/0,,1-46-597343,00.html|archive-date=5 September 2008|url-status=dead}}{{subscription required}}
• On 31 October 1950, a BEA Vickers Viking (registration: G-AHPN) crashed at Heathrow after hitting the runway during a go-around. Three crew and 25 passengers died.{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19501031-0|title=Aviation Safety Network G-AHPN|website=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111074118/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19501031-0|archive-date=11 January 2012|url-status=live}}
• On 16 January 1955, a BEA Vickers Viscount (registered as G-AMOK) crashed into barriers whilst taking off in the fog from a disused runway strip parallel to the desired runway. There were two injuries.{{cite web|url=http://mid.gov.kz/images/stories/contents/050_en.pdf|title=ICAO Aircraft Accident Digest No 7, Page 46|publisher=ICAO|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703162914/http://mid.gov.kz/images/stories/contents/050_en.pdf|archive-date=3 July 2017|url-status=dead}}
• On 22 June 1955, a BOAC de Havilland Dove (registration: G-ALTM) crashed just short of the runway during a filming flight when the pilot shut down the incorrect engine. There were no casualties.{{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1956/1956%20-%200059.html|title=Flight 13 January 1956, Civil Aviation|work=Flightglobal|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219051936/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1956/1956%20-%200059.html|archive-date=19 February 2018|url-status=live}}
• On 1 October 1956, XA897, an Avro Vulcan strategic bomber of the Royal Air Force, crashed at Heathrow after an approach in bad weather. The Vulcan was the first to be delivered to the RAF and was returning from a demonstration flight to Australia and New Zealand. The pilot and co-pilot ejected and survived, but the four other occupants were killed.Blackman, Tony (2007). Vulcan Test Pilot: My Experiences in the Cockpit of a Cold War Icon. London: Grub Street. {{ISBN|978-1-904943-88-4}}. p. 142.
• On 7 January 1960, a Vickers Viscount (registration: G-AOHU) of BEA was damaged beyond economic repair when the nose wheel collapsed on landing. A fire then developed and burnt out the fuselage. There were no casualties among the 59 people on board.{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19600107-0|title=Accident description|website=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806030508/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19600107-0|archive-date=6 August 2011|url-status=live}}
• On 27 October 1965, a BEA Vickers Vanguard (registration: G-APEE), flying from Edinburgh, crashed on Runway 28R while attempting to land in poor visibility. All 30 passengers and six crew on board died.{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19651027-0&lang=en|title=ASN Aircraft accident description Vickers 951 Vanguard G-APEE – London–Heathrow Airport (LHR)|website=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111074122/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19651027-0&lang=en|archive-date=11 January 2012|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/night_the_sky_turned_to_flames_1_967404|title=Night the sky turned to flames|work=The Scotsman|location=Edinburgh|date=1 December 2005|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924143225/http://www.scotsman.com/news/night_the_sky_turned_to_flames_1_967404|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live}}
• On 8 April 1968, BOAC Flight 712 Boeing 707 (registration: G-ARWE), departing for Australia via Singapore, suffered an engine fire just after take-off. The engine fell from the wing into a nearby gravel pit in Staines, before the plane managed to perform an emergency landing with the wing on fire. However, the plane was consumed by fire once on the ground. Five people – four passengers and a flight attendant – died, while 122 survived. A flight attendant, Barbara Harrison, who helped with the evacuation, was posthumously awarded the George Cross.{{cite web|url=http://www.stephen-stratford.com/women_gcs.htm|title=Women awarded the George Cross|publisher=Stephen-stratford.com|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619205858/http://www.stephen-stratford.com/women_gcs.htm|archive-date=19 June 2018|url-status=dead}}
• On 3 July 1968, the port flap operating rod of G-AMAD, an Airspeed Ambassador operated by BKS Air Transport failed due to fatigue, thereby allowing the port flaps to retract. This resulted in a rolling movement to the port which could not be controlled during the approach, causing the aircraft to contact the grass and swerve towards the terminal building. It hit two parked British European Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident aircraft, burst into flames and came to rest against the ground floor of the terminal building. Six of the eight crew died, as did eight horses on board. Trident G-ARPT was written off,{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19680703-0|title=Aviation Safety Network G-AMAD|website=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323112357/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19680703-0|archive-date=23 March 2012|url-status=live}} and Trident G-ARPI was badly damaged, but subsequently repaired, only to be lost in the Staines crash in 1972.
• On 18 June 1972, Trident G-ARPI, operating as BEA548, crashed in a field close to the Crooked Billet Public House, Staines, two minutes after taking off. All 118 passengers and crew on board died.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/18/newsid_2515000/2515787.stm|title=1972: UK's worst air crash kills 118|work=BBC News|access-date=23 March 2018|date=18 June 1972|archive-date=7 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307113508/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/18/newsid_2515000/2515787.stm|url-status=live}}
• On 5 November 1997, the pilots of Virgin Atlantic Flight 024, Airbus A340-311 (registration: G-VSKY), performed an intentional belly landing on runway 27L after the left main landing gear jammed in a partially lowered position. Two crew and five passengers suffered minor injuries in the emergency evacuation. Investigators found that a brake torque pin had fallen out of the landing gear on takeoff from Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) because the pin and its retaining assembly were subject to higher than predicted loads while in service; the precise mode of failure could not be verified because only the pin, and not its retaining hardware, was found at LAX. The aircraft sustained substantial damage but was repaired and placed back in service.{{cite web |date=29 June 2000 |title=Report on the accident to Airbus A340-311, G-VSKY, at London Heathrow Airport on 5 November 1997 |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5422ed0ce5274a1317000165/4-2000_G-VSKY.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205000040/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5422ed0ce5274a1317000165/4-2000_G-VSKY.pdf |archive-date=5 February 2017 |access-date= |series= |publisher=Air Accidents Investigation Branch |type=Official accident report}}{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/324108 |title=Accident Airbus A340-311 G-VSKY |website=flightsafety.org |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=24 June 2024}}
• On 17 January 2008, a British Airways Boeing 777-236ER, (registration: G-YMMM), operating flight BA038 from Beijing, crash-landed short of runway 27L and stopped on the threshold, leading to 18 minor injuries. The impact tore off the right landing gear and pushed the left landing gear through the wing root; the aircraft was subsequently written off. The accident was attributed to a loss of thrust caused by fuel icing.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/7598267.stm|title='Ice in fuel' caused BA jet crash|author=Symonds, Tom|date=4 September 2008|work=BBC News|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402213224/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/7598267.stm|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/321801 |title=Accident Airbus Boeing 777-236ER G-YMMM |website=flightsafety.org |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=25 June 2024 |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625192207/https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/321801 |url-status=live }}
• On 28 September 2022, a Korean Air Boeing 777 preparing to take off collided with an Icelandair Boeing 757 which had just landed. The 777 crew aborted the takeoff; no injuries were reported, but the aircraft suffered minor damage.{{cite news|url=https://news.sky.com/story/two-aircraft-in-minor-collision-at-heathrow-12707218|title=Two aircraft in minor collision on ground at Heathrow|date=28 September 2022|last=Osborne|first=Samuel|work=Sky News|location=London|archive-date=29 September 2022|access-date=29 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929080448/https://news.sky.com/story/two-aircraft-in-minor-collision-at-heathrow-12707218|url-status=live}}
• On 6 April 2024, the wing of an empty Virgin Atlantic Boeing 787 under tow at Terminal 3 clipped a parked British Airways plane preparing to depart from an adjacent gate with 121 passengers on board. The passengers transferred to a different British Airways aircraft and departed several hours later. Heathrow said there were no injuries, but both aircraft sustained damage.{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-68749072|title=Heathrow Airport: Two planes collide|work=BBC News|date=6 April 2024|accessdate=6 April 2024}}

• On 8 June 1968, James Earl Ray, the suspect in the 4 April 1968 assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., was captured, arrested, and extradited back to the United States at Heathrow Airport while attempting to leave the United Kingdom for Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) on a false Canadian passport.{{cite news|first=Clive|last=Borrell|title=Ramon Sneyd denies that he killed Dr King|url=http://archive.timesonline.co.uk/tol/viewArticle.arc?articleId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1968-06-28-0-006&pageId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1968-06-28-02|work=The Times|location=London|page=2|date=28 June 1968|access-date=13 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090713081131/http://archive.timesonline.co.uk/tol/viewArticle.arc?articleId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1968-06-28-02-006&pageId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1968-06-28-02|archive-date=13 July 2009|url-status=dead}}{{subscription required}}
• On 6 September 1970, El Al Flight 219 experienced an attempted hijack by two PFLP members. One hijacker was killed and the other was subdued as the plane made an emergency landing at Heathrow Airport.
• On 19 May 1974, the IRA planted a series of bombs in the Terminal 1 car park. Two people were injured by the explosions.{{cite web|url=http://www.milesfaster.co.uk/information/heathrow-airport/heathrow-history.htm|title=Heathrow Airport History|publisher=Milesfaster.co.uk|access-date=31 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080518004154/http://www.milesfaster.co.uk/information/heathrow-airport/heathrow-history.htm|archive-date=18 May 2008|url-status=live}}
• On 26 November 1983, the Brink's-Mat robbery occurred, in which 6,800 gold bars worth nearly £26{{nbsp}}million were taken from a vault near Heathrow. Only a small amount of the gold was recovered and only two men were convicted of the crime.{{cite news|title=Brinks Mat gold|date=15 April 2000|work=BBC News|access-date=23 March 2018|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/714289.stm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817153656/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/714289.stm|archive-date=17 August 2017|url-status=live}}
• On 17 April 1986, semtex explosives were found in the bag of a pregnant Irish woman attempting to board an El Al flight. The explosives had been given to her by her Jordanian boyfriend and the father of her unborn child Nizar Hindawi. The incident became known as the Hindawi Affair.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2581277.stm|title=Assad engages politics of politeness|date=16 December 2002|work=BBC News|access-date=23 March 2018|first=Paul|last=Reynolds|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040613114202/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2581277.stm|archive-date=13 June 2004|url-status=live}}
• On 21 December 1988, Pan Am Flight 103 exploded mid-air over the town of Lockerbie, killing all 259 onboard and eleven people on the ground. The flight originated from Frankfurt as a feeder flight with a change of aircraft at Heathrow and was on its transatlantic leg to New York's JFK airport at the time of the incident. An unaccompanied suitcase containing a boombox radio/cassette player which housed the explosive was checked in at Malta and forwarded as interline baggage for this flight at Frankfurt, wherein it made its way to the transatlantic leg.
• In 1994, over six days, Heathrow was targeted three times (8, 10, and 13 March) by the IRA, which fired 12 mortars. Heathrow was a symbolic target due to its importance to the UK economy, and much disruption was caused when areas of the airport were closed over the period. The gravity of the incident was heightened because the Queen was being flown back to Heathrow by the RAF on 10 March.{{cite book|title=Silent Swift Superb: The Story of the Vickers VC10|last=Henderson|first=Scott|year=1998|publisher=Scoval|location=Newcastle-upon-Tyne|isbn=978-1-901125-02-3|page=130}}
• In March 2002, thieves stole US$3{{nbsp}}million that had arrived on a South African Airways flight. Just a few weeks earlier, a similar amount of money was stolen from a British Airways flight that arrived from Bahrain.{{cite news|title=$3m heist at Heathrow|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1880953.stm|date=19 March 2002|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070808005230/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1880953.stm|archive-date=8 August 2007|url-status=live}}
• In February 2003, the British Army was deployed to Heathrow along with 1,000 police officers in response to intelligence reports suggesting that al-Qaeda terrorists might launch surface-to-air missile attacks at British or American airliners.{{Cite web |last1=Bamber |first1=David |last2=Craig |first2=Olga |last3=Elliott |first3=Francis |date=16 February 2003 |title=Blair sent in tanks after 'chilling' threat |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1422243/Blair-sent-in-tanks-after-chilling-threat.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=7 May 2023 |website=The Telegraph |archive-date=7 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507183200/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1422243/Blair-sent-in-tanks-after-chilling-threat.html |url-status=live }}
• On 17 May 2004, Scotland Yard's Flying Squad foiled an attempt by seven men to steal £40{{nbsp}}million in gold bullion and a similar quantity of cash from the Swissport warehouse at Heathrow.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3723839.stm|title=Flying Squad foils £80m robbery|date=18 May 2004|work=BBC News|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710013336/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3723839.stm|archive-date=10 July 2018|url-status=live}}
• On 25 February 2008, Greenpeace activists protesting against the planned construction of a third runway managed to cross the ramp and climb atop a British Airways Airbus A320, which had just arrived from Manchester Airport. At about 09:45 GMT the protesters unveiled a "Climate Emergency – No Third Runway" banner over the aircraft's tailfin. By 11:00 GMT four arrests had been made.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7262614.stm|title=Climate protest on Heathrow plane|date=25 February 2008|work=BBC News|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080229004619/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7262614.stm|archive-date=29 February 2008|url-status=live}}
• In October 2010, an Angolan national was being deported on a British Airways plane. Security guards were heavy-handed with him and they put him in a dangerous position, leading to asphyxia. He did not survive.{{cite web |date=16 December 2014 |title=G4S guards cleared of using 'carpet karaoke' technique to kill deportee on British Airways flight |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11296844/G4S-guards-cleared-of-killing-deportee-on-British-Airways-flight-using-carpet-karaoke-technique.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=7 May 2023 |website=The Telegraph |archive-date=20 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120223214/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11296844/G4S-guards-cleared-of-killing-deportee-on-British-Airways-flight-using-carpet-karaoke-technique.html |url-status=live }}
• On 13 July 2015, thirteen activists belonging to the climate change protest group Plane Stupid managed to break through the perimeter fence and get onto the northern runway. They chained themselves together in protest, disrupting hundreds of flights. All were eventually arrested.{{cite news|title=London Heathrow cancels flights due to protests over third runway|first=Alan|last=Dron|publisher=Air Transport World|date=13 July 2015|url=http://atwonline.com/eco-aviation/london-heathrow-cancels-flights-due-protests-over-third-runway|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715021411/http://atwonline.com/eco-aviation/london-heathrow-cancels-flights-due-protests-over-third-runway|archive-date=15 July 2015|url-status=dead}}{{nbsp}}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-33503167|title=Heathrow Airport climate change protest delays flights|date=13 July 2015|work=BBC News|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117030638/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-33503167|archive-date=17 November 2017|url-status=live}}
• In June 2022, many protesters gathered at Heathrow and Gatwick airports to protest the UK-Rwanda deal. A flight which was supposed to carry asylum seekers from the UK to Rwanda was cancelled.{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/jun/15/day-of-drama-and-despair-before-rwanda-flight-called-off | title=Day of drama and despair before Rwanda flight called off |last1=Taylor|first1=Diane|last2=Syal|first2=Rajeev|newspaper=The Guardian|location=London | date=15 June 2022 }}
• In December 2022, a piece of uranium metal discovered in the airport triggered a counter-terrorism investigation. It was found in the scrap metal package originated from Pakistan via a passenger flight from Oman on 29 December. It was bound for an Iranian business with premises in the UK.{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/jan/11/heathrow-uranium-seizure-raises-questions-over-what-it-was-for | title=Uranium was embedded in metal bars seized at Heathrow|last1=Sabbagh|first1=Dan|newspaper=The Guardian|location=London | date=11 January 2023 }}

• On 18 December 2010, snowfall (9 cm, according to the Heathrow Winter Resilience Enquiry){{cite web|url=http://www.baa.com/assets/Internet/BAA%20Airports/Downloads/Static%20files/BeggReport220311_BAA.pdf|title=Heathrow Winter Resilience Enquiry|access-date=5 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118191647/http://www.baa.com/assets/Internet/BAA%20Airports/Downloads/Static%20files/BeggReport220311_BAA.pdf|archive-date=18 January 2012|url-status=live}} caused the closure of the entire airport, causing one of the largest incidents at Heathrow of all time. Some 4,000 flights were cancelled over five days and 9,500 passengers spent the night at Heathrow on 18 December following the initial snowfall.{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-12071442|title=BAA launches inquiry into Heathrow Airport snow chaos|work=BBC News|date=23 December 2010|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926000144/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-12071442|archive-date=26 September 2015|url-status=live}} The problems were caused not only by snow on the runways but also by snow and ice on the 198 parking stands which were all occupied by aircraft.{{cite web|url=http://www.icax.co.uk/Deicing_Runways.html|title=De-icing Aircraft Parking Stands|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317130900/http://www.icax.co.uk/Deicing_Runways.html|archive-date=17 March 2018|url-status=live}}
• On 12 July 2013, the ELT on an Ethiopian Airlines Boeing 787 Dreamliner parked at Heathrow airport caught fire due to a short circuit.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/britain-airport-boeing-idUSL6N0FI3B120130712|title=Plane on fire at Heathrow airport was Boeing Dreamliner-TV|work=Reuters|date=12 July 2013|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924182854/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/07/12/britain-airport-boeing-idUSL6N0FI3B120130712|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live}} There were no passengers aboard and no injuries.{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-23294760|title=Heathrow shut after Boeing Dreamliner 787 fire|work=BBC News|date=12 July 2013|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116093847/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-23294760|archive-date=16 November 2017|url-status=live}}{{Cite report |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/55d43f8d40f0b6091a000001/AAIB_2-2015_ET-AOP.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Report 2/2015: Report on the serious incident to Boeing B787-8, ET-AOP London Heathrow Airport 12 July 2013 |date=19 August 2015 |publisher=AAIB |access-date=7 May 2023 }}
• From 12 September 2019, the climate change campaign group, Heathrow Pause attempted to disrupt flights into and out of Heathrow Airport in London by flying drones in the airport's exclusion zone. The action was unsuccessful in disrupting flights and nineteen people were arrested.{{cite news |author= |title=Extinction Rebellion co-founder arrested at Heathrow protest |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/14/extinction-rebellion-co-founder-arrested-at-heathrow-protest |work=The Guardian |date=14 September 2019 |access-date=14 September 2019 |quote=Despite the minimal disruption, Heathrow Pause said it is happy about the "conversation" triggered by its action. |archive-date=15 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915224758/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/14/extinction-rebellion-co-founder-arrested-at-heathrow-protest |url-status=live }}

{{Main|Expansion of Heathrow Airport}}

File:Take off queue, Heathrow, 10 Sept. 2010 - Flickr - PhillipC.jpg

There is a long history of expansion proposals for Heathrow since it was first designated as a civil airport. Following the cancellation of the Maplin project in 1974, a fourth terminal was proposed but expansion beyond this was ruled out. However, the Airports Inquiries of 1981–83 and the 1985 Airports Policy White Paper considered further expansion and, following a four-year-long public inquiry in 1995–99, Terminal 5 was approved. In 2003, after many studies and consultations, the Future of Air Transport White Paper was published which proposed a third runway at Heathrow, as well as a second runway at Stansted Airport.{{Cite book|title=Inside London's Airports Policy: Indecision, decision and counter-decision|last=Le Blond|first=Paul|publisher=ICE Publishing|year=2018|isbn=9780727763655|location=London}} In January 2009, the Transport Secretary at the time, Geoff Hoon announced that the British government supported the expansion of Heathrow by building a third {{Convert|2200|m|adj=on}} runway and a sixth terminal building.{{cite book |year=2009 |title=Britain's Transport Infrastructure: Adding Capacity at Heathrow: Decisions Following Consultation |url=http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/aviation/heathrowconsultations/heathrowdecision/decisiondocument/decisiondoc.pdf |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100513163203/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/aviation/heathrowconsultations/heathrowdecision/decisiondocument/decisiondoc.pdf |archive-date=13 May 2010 |access-date=16 January 2009 |publisher=Department of Transport |isbn=978-1-906581-79-4}} This decision followed the 2003 white paper on the future of air transport in the UK,{{cite web |date=1 December 2003 |title=The Future of Air Transport |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/685595/6046.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070503030214/http://www.dft.gov.uk/about/strategy/whitepapers/air/thefutureofairtransportwhite5694 |archive-date=3 May 2007 |access-date=21 May 2007 |website=Department for Transport}} and a public consultation in November 2007.{{cite news|title=Industry backs third Heathrow runway as consultation opens|work=Flight International|date=22 November 2007|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/11/22/219826/industry-backs-third-heathrow-runway-as-consultation-opens.html|access-date=8 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071226034428/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/11/22/219826/industry-backs-third-heathrow-runway-as-consultation-opens.html|archive-date=26 December 2007|url-status=dead}} This was a controversial decision which met with widespread opposition because of the expected greenhouse gas emissions, impact on local communities, as well as noise and air pollution concerns.{{cite web|url=http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/maplin-the-treasury-and-londons-third-airport-in-the-1970s|title=Maplin: the Treasury and London's third airport in the 1970s|last=Needham|first=Duncan|date=27 October 2014|website=History & Policy|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226134247/http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/maplin-the-treasury-and-londons-third-airport-in-the-1970s|archive-date=26 December 2017|url-status=live}}

Before the 2010 general election, the Conservative and Liberal Democrat parties announced that they would prevent the construction of any third runway or further material expansion of the airport's operating capacity. The Mayor of London, then Boris Johnson, took the position that London needs more airport capacity, favouring the construction of an entirely new airport in the Thames Estuary rather than expanding Heathrow.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7722261.stm|title=Heathrow's new runway|work=BBC News|date=15 January 2009|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216051349/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7722261.stm|archive-date=16 February 2009|url-status=live}} After the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition took power, it was announced that the third runway expansion was cancelled.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8678282.stm|title=Heathrow third runway plans scrapped by new government|work=BBC News|date=12 May 2010|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304022501/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8678282.stm|archive-date=4 March 2012|url-status=live}} Two years later, leading Conservatives were reported to have changed their minds on the subject.{{cite news|title=Top Tories admit: we got it wrong on third runway|work=The Observer|location=London|date=24 March 2012|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/mar/24/tories-third-runway-heathrow|author1=Helm, Toby|author2=Doward, Jamie|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923120819/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/mar/24/tories-third-runway-heathrow|archive-date=23 September 2018|url-status=live}}

Another proposal for expanding Heathrow's capacity was the Heathrow Hub, which aims to extend both runways to a total length of about 7,000 metres and divide them into four so that they each provide two, full-length runways, allowing simultaneous take-offs and landings while decreasing noise levels.{{cite news|url=http://ig-legacy.ft.com/content/f0a05b64-8987-11e2-ad3f-00144feabdc0|title=Pilot plots longer Heathrow runways|last1=Parker|first1=Andrew|last2=Jacobs|first2=Rose|work=Financial Times|location=London|date=10 March 2013|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324162251/http://ig-legacy.ft.com/content/f0a05b64-8987-11e2-ad3f-00144feabdc0|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite book |year=2013 |title=Double Upon Heathrow |url=http://www.cps.org.uk/files/reports/original/130705094049-DoubleuponHeathrow.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160526204815/http://www.cps.org.uk/files/reports/original/130705094049-DoubleuponHeathrow.pdf |archive-date=26 May 2016 |access-date=23 March 2018 |publisher=CPS |isbn=978-1-906996-77-2}}

In July 2013, the airport submitted three new proposals for expansion to the Airports Commission, which was established to review airport capacity in the southeast of England. The Airports Commission was chaired by Sir Howard Davies. He, at the time of his appointment, was in the employ of GIC Private Limited (formerly known as Government Investment Corporation of Singapore) and a member of its International Advisory Board. GIC Private Limited was then (2012), as it remains today, one of Heathrow's principal owners. Sir Howard Davies resigned from these positions upon confirmation of his appointment to lead the Airports Commission, although it has been observed that he failed to identify these interests when invited to complete the Airports Commission's register of interests. Each of the three proposals that were to be considered by Sir Howard Davies's commission involved the construction of a third runway, either to the north, northwest or southwest of the airport.{{cite news|date=17 July 2013|title=Heathrow submits third runway options to Davies Commission|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-23337754|work=BBC News|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309112818/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-23337754|archive-date=9 March 2018|url-status=live}}

The commission released its interim report in December 2013, shortlisting three options: the north-west third runway option at Heathrow, extending an existing runway at Heathrow, and a second runway at Gatwick Airport. After this report was published, the government confirmed that no options had been ruled out for airport expansion in the South-east and that a new runway would not be built at Heathrow before 2015.{{cite news|title=Airports Commission reveals expansion shortlist|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-25402007|access-date=23 March 2018|work=BBC News|date=17 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317114851/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-25402007|archive-date=17 March 2018|url-status=live}} The full report was published on 1 July 2015, and backed a third, north-west, runway at Heathrow.{{cite news|date=1 July 2015|title=Airports Commission releases final report|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/airports-commission-releases-final-report|work=gov.uk|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202131252/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/airports-commission-releases-final-report|archive-date=2 February 2018|url-status=live}} Reaction to the report was generally adverse, particularly from London Mayor Boris Johnson. One senior Conservative told Channel 4: "Howard Davies has dumped an utter steaming pile of poo on the Prime Minister's desk."{{cite news|date=1 July 2015|access-date=23 March 2018|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/heathrow-expansion-this-final-conclusion-has-simply-fanned-the-airport-flames-10358766.html|first=Chris|last=Blackhurst|location=London|title=Heathrow expansion: This final 'conclusion' has simply fanned the airport flames|work=The Independent|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626002947/https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/heathrow-expansion-this-final-conclusion-has-simply-fanned-the-airport-flames-10358766.html|archive-date=26 June 2018|url-status=live}} On 25 October 2016, the government confirmed that Heathrow would be allowed to build a third runway; however, a final decision would not be taken until winter of 2017/18, after consultations and government votes. The earliest opening year would be 2025.

On 5 June 2018, the UK Cabinet approved the third runway, with a full vote planned for Parliament.{{cite news |title=Heathrow Airport: Cabinet approves new runway plan |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-44357580 |date=5 June 2018 |work=BBC News |access-date=21 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710095617/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-44357580 |archive-date=10 July 2018 |url-status=live }} On 25 June 2018, the House of Commons voted, 415–119, in favour of the third runway. The bill received support from most MPs in the Conservative and Labour parties.{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/blog/live/2018/jun/25/heathrow-boris-johnson-should-honour-his-promise-to-oppose-heathrow-expansion-and-resign-says-senior-tory-politics-live |title=House of Commons backs third runway for Heathrow airport – as it happened | Politics |newspaper=The Guardian |date=25 June 2018 |access-date=16 October 2018 |last1=Sparrow |first1=Andrew |last2=Rawlinson |first2=Kevin |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017053210/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/blog/live/2018/jun/25/heathrow-boris-johnson-should-honour-his-promise-to-oppose-heathrow-expansion-and-resign-says-senior-tory-politics-live |archive-date=17 October 2018 |url-status=live }} A judicial review against the decision was launched by four London local authorities affected by the expansion—Wandsworth, Richmond, Hillingdon and Hammersmith and Fulham—in partnership with Greenpeace and London mayor Sadiq Khan.{{cite web |date=26 June 2018 |title=Heathrow expansion plans approved for take-off after Commons vote |url=https://www.shropshirestar.com/news/uk-news/2018/06/26/heathrow-expansion-plans-approved-for-take-off-after-commons-vote/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626030501/https://www.shropshirestar.com/news/uk-news/2018/06/26/heathrow-expansion-plans-approved-for-take-off-after-commons-vote/ |archive-date=26 June 2018 |access-date=26 June 2018 |website=Shropshire Star}} Khan previously stated he would take legal action if it were passed by Parliament.{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-44561789 |title=Heathrow third runway: Sadiq Khan backs legal challenge |date=21 June 2018 |access-date=16 October 2018 |newspaper=BBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181101050010/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/amp/uk-england-london-44561789 |archive-date=1 November 2018 |url-status=live }}

In February 2020, the Court of Appeal ruled that the plans for a third runway were illegal since they did not adequately take into account the government's commitments to the Paris climate agreement.{{cite news |last=Carrington |first=Damian |date=27 February 2020 |title=Heathrow third runway ruled illegal over climate change |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/feb/27/heathrow-third-runway-ruled-illegal-over-climate-change |work=The Guardian |access-date=20 April 2021}} However, this ruling was later overturned by the Supreme Court in December 2020.{{cite news |last=Carrington |first=Damian |date=16 December 2020 |title=Top UK court overturns block on Heathrow's third runway |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/dec/16/top-uk-court-overturns-block-on-heathrows-third-runway |work=The Guardian |access-date=20 April 2021}} The plan stalled after a fall in passenger numbers during the COVID pandemic and concerns about investment costs,{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/feb/02/heathrow-airport-boss-john-holland-kaye-quits-turbulent-year |title=Heathrow airport boss quits after turbulent year |last=Topham |first=Gwyn |newspaper=The Guardian |date=2 February 2023 }} but came back into the spotlight after the Labour Party won the 2024 UK general election. The airport's CEO indicated in November 2024 that he would seek a "final" decision from the government by the end of 2025.{{cite news |last1=Reid |first1=Jenni |title=Heathrow boss says 2025 to bring final decision on controversial third runway |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/11/26/heathrow-third-runway-ceo-expects-final-decision-by-end-of-2025.html |work=CNBC |date=26 November 2024 }}

{{main|Heathrow Airport transport proposals}}

File:Western Rail Approach to Heathrow.png.]]

Currently, all rail connections with Heathrow Airport run along an east–west alignment to and from central London, and a number of schemes have been proposed over the years to develop new rail transport links with other parts of London and with stations outside the city.{{cite book |last1=Coogan |first1=Matthew A. |title=Improving Public Transportation Access to Large Airports |date=2000 |publisher=Leigh Fisher Associates, Transportation Research Board, Transit Cooperative Research Program |isbn=9780309066594 |page=66 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E3a7n--Se9wC&q=heathrow%20airport%20transport%20links%20central%20london&pg=PA66 |access-date=12 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912131434/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=E3a7n--Se9wC&lpg=PA66&dq=heathrow%20airport%20transport%20links%20central%20london&pg=PA66 |archive-date=12 September 2018 |url-status=live }} This mainline rail service has been extended with the opening of the Elizabeth Line.

A 2009 proposal to create a southern link with {{rws|London Waterloo}} via the Waterloo–Reading line was abandoned in 2011 due to lack of funding and difficulties with a high number of level crossings on the route into London,{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-13042740|title=Heathrow Airtrack Waterloo rail link shelved by BAA|work=BBC News London|date=11 April 2011|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030124455/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-13042740|archive-date=30 October 2017|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.rail.co/2011/04/11/heathrow-no-option-but-to-withdraw-proposed-airtrack-link-to-staines/|title=Heathrow: 'No option but to withdraw proposed Airtrack link to Staines'|last=Samuel|first=A.|work=Rail News from Rail.co|date=11 April 2011|access-date=11 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118181237/http://www.rail.co/2011/04/11/heathrow-no-option-but-to-withdraw-proposed-airtrack-link-to-staines/|archive-date=18 January 2012|url-status=dead}} and a plan to link Heathrow to the planned High Speed 2 (HS2) railway line (with a new station, {{rws|Heathrow Hub}}) was also dropped from the HS2 plans in March 2015.{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article5439472.ece|work=The Times|location=London|title=Heathrow train plan to allay environmental fears|first1=Isabel|last1=Oakeshott|first2=Chris|last2=Gourlay|date=4 January 2009|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927122107/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article5439472.ece|archive-date=27 September 2011|url-status=dead}}{{subscription required}}{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/hs2-high-speed-rail|title=High Speed Rail: Investing in Britain's Future|publisher=Department for Transport|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324230842/https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/hs2-high-speed-rail|archive-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-31814933|title=HS2: Heathrow spur plans dropped by transport minister|newspaper=BBC News|date=10 March 2015|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007212458/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-31814933|archive-date=7 October 2018|url-status=live}}

Among other schemes that have been considered is a rapid transport link between Heathrow and Gatwick Airports, known as Heathwick, which would allow the airports to operate jointly as an airline hub;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-15227879|work=BBC News|title=Heathrow and Gatwick airports: Ministers mull rail link|date=8 October 2011|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007205251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-15227879|archive-date=7 October 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite web|last1=Commons|first1=The Committee Office, House of|title=House of Commons – Transport Committee: Written evidence from Interlinking Transit Solutions Ltd (AS 115)|url=https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmselect/cmtran/78/78vw_d15.htm|website=www.publications.parliament.uk|access-date=1 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801155219/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmselect/cmtran/78/78vw_d15.htm|archive-date=1 August 2018|url-status=live}} In 2018, the Department for Transport began to invite proposals for privately funded rail links to Heathrow Airport.{{cite news |last1=Morby |first1=Aaron |title=DfT tests appetite for £2.3bn Heathrow rail links {{!}} Construction Enquirer |url=http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2018/05/08/dft-tests-appetite-for-2-3bn-heathrow-rail-links/ |access-date=12 September 2018 |work=constructionenquirer.com |agency=Construction Enquirer |date=8 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912113402/http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2018/05/08/dft-tests-appetite-for-2-3bn-heathrow-rail-links/ |archive-date=12 September 2018|url-status=live}} Projects being considered under this initiative include:

• the Western Rail Approach to Heathrow, a proposal for a spur from the Great Western Main Line to link Heathrow to {{rws|Reading}}, {{rws|Slough}}, the South West, South Wales and the West Midlands;{{cite magazine |last1=MCINTYRE |first1=FIONA |title=Private partner wanted for £900M Heathrow rail link |url=https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/private-partner-wanted-for-900m-heathrow-rail-link/10030804.article |access-date=12 September 2018 |magazine=New Civil Engineer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912113541/https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/private-partner-wanted-for-900m-heathrow-rail-link/10030804.article |archive-date=12 September 2018 |url-status=live}}
• Heathrow Southern Railway, a similar scheme to the abandoned Airtrack proposal, which would connect Terminal 5 station with {{rws|Chertsey}} or {{rws|Virginia Water}}, {{rws|Staines}}, {{rws|London Waterloo}}, Guildford and {{rws|Clapham Junction}};{{cite web |title=Proposed Route – Heathrow Southern Railway |url=https://heathrowrail.com/proposed-route/ |website=Heathrow Southern Railway |access-date=22 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822151427/https://heathrowrail.com/proposed-route/ |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}

• Airports of London
• Heathrow Worldwide Distribution Centre
• List of airports in the United Kingdom and the British Crown Dependencies

{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• Cotton, Jonathan; Mills, John & Clegg, Gillian. (1986) Archaeology in West Middlesex. Uxbridge: London Borough of Hillingdon {{ISBN|0-907869-07-6}}
• Gallop, Alan. (2005) Time Flies: Heathrow at 60. Stroud: Sutton Publishing {{ISBN|0-7509-3840-4}}
• Helpenny, Bruce B. (1992) Action Stations Vol.8: Military Airfields of Greater London. {{ISBN|1-85260-431-X}}
• Le Blond, Paul. (2018) Inside London's Airports Policy: Indecision, decision and counter-decision, ICE Publishing, {{ISBN|9780727763655}}
• Sherwood, Philip. (1990) The History of Heathrow. Uxbridge: London Borough of Hillingdon {{ISBN|0-907869-27-0}}
• Sherwood, Philip (editor). (1993) The Villages of Harmondsworth. West Middlesex Family History Society, {{ISBN|0 9511476 2 5}}
• Sherwood, Philip. (1999) Heathrow: 2000 Years of History. Stroud: Sutton Publishing {{ISBN|0-7509-2132-3}}
• Sherwood, Philip. (2006) Around Heathrow Past & Present. Sutton Publishing {{ISBN|0-7509-4135-9}}
• (Contains many pairs of photographs, old (or in one case a painting), and new, each pair made from the same viewpoint.)
• Sherwood, Philip. (2009) Heathrow: 2000 Years of History. Stroud: The History Press {{ISBN|978-0750921329}}
• Sherwood, Philip. (2012) Around Heathrow Through Time. Amberley Publishing, {{ISBN|978-1-4456-0846-4}}
• Sherwood, Tim. (1999) Coming in to Land: A Short History of Hounslow, Hanworth and Heston Aerodromes 1911–1946. [http://www.hounslowlibraries.org/ Heritage Publications (Hounslow Library)] {{ISBN|1-899144-30-7}}
• Smith, Graham. (2003) Taking to the Skies: the Story of British Aviation 1903–1939. Countryside {{ISBN|1-85306-815-2}}
• Smith, Ron. (2002) British Built Aircraft Vol.1. Greater London: Tempus {{ISBN|0-7524-2770-9}}
• Sturtivant, Ray. (1995) Fairey Aircraft: in Old Photographs. Alan Sutton {{ISBN|0-7509-1135-2}}
• Taylor, H.A. (1974) Fairey Aircraft since 1915. Putnam {{ISBN|0-370-00065-X}}.
• Taylor, John WR. (1997) Fairey Aviation: Archive Photographs. Chalford {{ISBN|0-7524-0684-1}}

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