List of emerging technologies#Transport

| Research and development, trial projects

|Automation of agriculture

|Agricultural drone

| Research and development,[http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/528.html NASA – Investigation of a Closed Ecological System.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113165741/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/528.html|date=13 November 2013}} nasa.govBen Armentrout, and Heidi Kappes. Studies in Closed Ecological Systems: Biosphere in a BottleFrieda B. Taub Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics Vol. 5, (1974), pp. 139–160 working demonstrators (e.g. Biosphere 2)

| Agriculture, scientific research, space colonization

| Greenhouse, Eden Project, Bioshelter, Seawater greenhouse

| Research and development, trials{{cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/travel/destinations/uk-travel/england/london-travel/is-in-vitro-meat-the-future-dzccrn7t99z|title=Is in vitro meat the future?|access-date=7 December 2012|work=The Times|date=9 May 2008|archive-date=10 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110203152/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/health/article1787979.ece|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/node/21548147|title=Artificial meat: Hamburger junction|access-date=3 March 2012|newspaper=The Economist|date=25 February 2012|archive-date=2 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302111049/http://www.economist.com/node/21548147|url-status=live}}

| Humane, resource-efficient, healthier, and cheaper meat

| New Harvest

| Working prototype

|Agriculture in semi-arid land

|Desorption

| Research, development, experiments, and diffusion{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/node/17647627|title=Vertical farming – Does it really stack up?|access-date=18 November 2011|newspaper=The Economist|date=9 December 2010|archive-date=15 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111115181659/http://www.economist.com/node/17647627|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/0,1518,775754,00.html|title=Vertical Farming – Can Urban Agriculture Feed a Hungry World?|access-date=18 November 2011|publisher=Spiegel|date=22 July 2011|archive-date=15 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111115175456/http://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/0,1518,775754,00.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://inhabitat.com/vertical-harvest-of-jackson-hole-will-grow-organic-produce-even-in-the-winter/|title=Vertical Harvest of Jackson Hole Will Grow Organic Produce Even in Winter|access-date=29 August 2013|publisher=Inhabitat|date=6 June 2012|archive-date=22 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922145357/http://inhabitat.com/vertical-harvest-of-jackson-hole-will-grow-organic-produce-even-in-the-winter/|url-status=live}}

| Space-efficient farming and space travel applications

|

|Research, development, commercialization

|Adaptive structures that respond to different conditions, or supermassive buildings and infrastructure (e.g. space fountains)

|

|Research, development, commercialization

|

|

|Planned feature for Mall of the World{{cite news |url=http://www.wam.ae/en/news/emirates/1395267427436.html |title=Mohammed Bin Rashid launches 'Mall of the World', a temperature-controlled pedestrian city in Dubai |date=5 July 2014}}{{cite web |url=http://www.dubaifaqs.com/mall-of-the-world-dubai.php |title=Mall of the World in Dubai |website=dubaifaqs.com |date=8 July 2014}}{{cite news |url=http://www.emirates247.com/news/government/dubai-s-mohammed-bin-rashid-city-collaboration-with-universal-studios-over-100-hotel-facilities-2012-11-26-1.484515 |title=Dubai's Mohammed Bin Rashid City: Collaboration with Universal Studios, over 100 hotel facilities: Will also boast largest mall in the world and park bigger than London's Hyde Park |work=Emirates 24/7 |date=26 November 2012}}

|Weather-controlled city, colonization of other celestial bodies

|

|Demonstration

|

!Emerging technology

!Status

!Potential applications

!Related articles

|Diffusion

|Payment, Digital currency

|Bitcoin, Ethereum

|Diffusion

|Payment, Digital currency

|Google pay, Apple Pay

|Diffusion

|Payment, Digital currency

|Digital Rupee, Digital Euro

|Conceptual

|Mobile phones

|Hypothetical, experiments{{cite news |date=17 February 2011 |title=IBM's Watson supercomputer crowned Jeopardy king |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-12491688 |url-status=live |access-date=17 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218052011/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-12491688 |archive-date=18 February 2011}}{{cite news |date=18 November 2011 |title=MIT scientists take a step closer to artificial intelligence |publisher=Computer Weekly |url=http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240111287/MIT-scientists-take-a-step-closer-to-artificial-intelligence |url-status=live |access-date=18 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120234439/http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240111287/MIT-scientists-take-a-step-closer-to-artificial-intelligence |archive-date=20 November 2011}}{{cite news |date=3 November 2011 |title=How innovative is Apple's new voice assistant, Siri? |publisher=New Scientist |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21228365.300-how-innovative-is-apples-new-voice-assistant-siri.html |url-status=live |access-date=4 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303205714/http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21228365.300-how-innovative-is-apples-new-voice-assistant-siri.html |archive-date=3 March 2012}}

|Creating intelligent devices and robots; AI can counsel (or even take charge) in scientific projects, government, army, corporate governance, film and books creation, inventions etc.

|Progress in artificial intelligence, technological singularity, applications of artificial intelligence

| Diffusion, commercialization

|

|

|Diffusion, commercialization

|Finance, digital currency, identity (social science), Web3.0, Smart contracts

|Bitcoin, Ethereum

|Research and development

|Future miniaturization of transistors

|

|Limited commercialization

|

|

|Research and development, projects

|Smart cities, more responsive government

|Smart city, e-democracy, open data, intelligent environment

| Diffusion

|

| Smell-O-Vision, iSmell

|Experiments

|Mass data storage

|

| Research, limited commercialization{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2011/nov/07/tuberculosis-electronic-nose-device|title=Tuberculosis breakthrough as scientists get funds for 'electronic nose'|access-date=4 December 2011|work=The Guardian|date=7 November 2011|archive-date=1 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131001060623/http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2011/nov/07/tuberculosis-electronic-nose-device|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/personal-tech/computing/Now-a-mobile-phone-that-can-smell/articleshow/10642819.cms|title=Now, a mobile phone that can smell|access-date=4 December 2011|work=The Times of India|date=7 November 2011|archive-date=22 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522174919/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/personal-tech/computing/Now-a-mobile-phone-that-can-smell/articleshow/10642819.cms|url-status=live}}

| Detecting spoiled food, chemical weapons, and cancer

|

(T-RAM, CBRAM, SONOS, RRAM, racetrack memory, NRAM, phase-change memory, FJG RAM, millipede memory, Skyrmion, programmable metallization cell, ferroelectric RAM, magnetoresistive RAM, nvSRAM)

|In development

|

|

(SMR, HAMR, BPM, MAMR, TDMR, CPP/GMR, PMR, hard disk drive)

|In development (HAMR, BPM); diffusion (SMR)

|Greatly improved storage density compared to current HDDs, can be combined

|

| Research, diffusion{{cite news|url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/electronic-cotton|title=Electronic Cotton|access-date=4 March 2012|publisher=IEEE Spectrum|date=January 2012|archive-date=23 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423085316/https://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/materials/electronic-cotton|url-status=live}}

|Wearable technology

|

|Projects

|

|

|Diffusion of primitive amplifications; working prototypes of more; Hypothetical, experiments on more substantial amplification

|

|

| Research, development, prototypes, limited commercialization (e.g. Samsung Galaxy Fold)

| Flexible and/or foldable electronic devices, and flexible solar cells which are lightweight, can be rolled up for launch, and are easily deployable

| Nokia Morph, Flexible organic light-emitting diode

|Research, prototyping{{cite news |date=28 April 2009 |title=G.E.'s breakthrough can put 100 DVDs on a disc |work=Tehran Times|url=http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=193312 |url-status=live |access-date=29 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918234904/http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=193312 |archive-date=18 September 2015}}

|Storing and archiving data previously erased for economic reasons

|Blu-ray Disc, Optical storage

|Demos, requires standardization

|

|Laser communication in space

|Research, prototyping, commercialization{{cite news |date=21 June 2011 |title=The big plan to build a brain |work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/roger-highfield/8587577/The-big-plan-to-build-a-brain.html |url-status=dead |access-date=18 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715093541/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/roger-highfield/8587577/The-big-plan-to-build-a-brain.html |archive-date=15 July 2011}}

|Biometrics, controlling processes (e.g., in driverless car, automated guided vehicle), detecting events (e.g., in visual surveillance), interaction (e.g., in human–computer interaction), robot vision

|Computer vision, pattern recognition, digital image processing

|Research

|Data storage

|

| Working prototype{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/01/science/01compute.html|title=Remapping Computer Circuitry to Avert Impending Bottlenecks|access-date=27 April 2011|work=The New York Times|date=28 February 2011|archive-date=24 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121224051301/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/01/science/01compute.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-11165087|title=Memristor revolution backed by HP|access-date=27 April 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=2 September 2010|archive-date=18 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518112745/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-11165087|url-status=live}}

| Smaller, faster, more energy-efficient storage, analogue electronics, programmable logic,{{US patent|7203789}} signal processing,{{US Patent|7302513}} neural networks,{{US patent|7359888}} control systems,{{US Patent|7609086}} reconfigurable computing,{{US Patent|7902857}} brain–computer interfaces,{{US Patent|7902867}} RFID,{{US Patent|8113437}} and pattern recognition{{cite book|publisher=Springer|pages=245–267|doi=10.1007/978-94-007-4491-2_13|year = 2012|last1 = Corinto|first1 = Fernando|last2=Ascoli|first2=Alon|last3=Gilli|first3=Marco|title=Advances in Neuromorphic Memristor Science and Applications |chapter=Memristor Models for Pattern Recognition Systems |isbn=978-94-007-4490-5}}

|

|Experiments

|Virtual reality, Augmented reality

|

| Research and development

|

|

|Deployed at various airports and federal security checkpoints{{cite news |date=28 September 2018 |title=Shannon Airport deploys face recognition |publisher=Planet Biometrics |url=http://www.planetbiometrics.com/article-details/i/8579/desc/shannon-airport-deploys-face-recognition/ |url-status=live |access-date=28 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928195051/http://www.planetbiometrics.com/article-details/i/8579/desc/shannon-airport-deploys-face-recognition/ |archive-date=28 September 2018}}

|Unimodal facial recognition scanners

|

| Research and development

|

|

|Research and development, diffusion

|

|

|Research and development

|

|

|Hypothetical, experiments; some components of integrated circuits have been developed{{cite news |date=18 February 2011 |title=US scientists build first 'antilaser' |publisher=ABC |url=http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2011/02/18/3142398.htm |url-status=live |access-date=21 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426121544/http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2011/02/18/3142398.htm |archive-date=26 April 2011}}

|Smaller, faster, lower power consuming computing

|

|Experiments,{{cite news |date=22 March 2011 |title=Quantum computing device hints at powerful future |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-12811199 |url-status=live |access-date=17 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408162027/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-12811199 |archive-date=8 April 2011}} commercialization,{{cite news |date=20 May 2011 |title=First Ever Commercial Quantum Computer Now Available for $10 Million |publisher=ExtremeTech |url=http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,2845,2385665,00.asp |url-status=live |access-date=22 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127011317/http://www.extremetech.com/computing/84228-first-ever-commercial-quantum-computer-now-available-for-10-million |archive-date=27 January 2012}} early diffusion

|Much faster computing for some kinds of problems, chemical modeling, new materials with programmed properties, Hypothetical of high-temperature superconductivity and superfluidity

|

|Commercialization{{cite news |date=31 March 2011 |title=Does quantum mechanics offer the best way to protect our most valuable data? |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/does-quantum-mechanics-offer-the-best-way-to-protect-our-most-valuable-data-2257679.html |url-status=live |access-date=17 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110402090358/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/does-quantum-mechanics-offer-the-best-way-to-protect-our-most-valuable-data-2257679.html |archive-date=2 April 2011}}

|Secure communications

|

|Prototypes

|

|

|Diffusion of high cost{{cite news |date=7 October 2011 |title=Will NFC make the mobile wallet work? |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15201807 |url-status=live |access-date=8 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206100051/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15201807 |archive-date=6 December 2011}}{{cite news |date=23 September 2011 |title=Internet of things: Should you worry if your jeans go smart? |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15004063 |url-status=live |access-date=8 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206164821/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15004063 |archive-date=6 December 2011}}{{cite news |date=20 May 2009 |title=RFID tagging: Chips with everything |work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/5355741/RFID-tagging-Chips-with-everything.html |url-status=live |access-date=8 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229023734/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/5355741/RFID-tagging-Chips-with-everything.html |archive-date=29 February 2012}}

|Smartstores – RFID-based self-checkout (keeping track of all incoming and outgoing products), food packaging, smart shelves, smart carts. See: potential uses

|Development, commercialization

|Cognitive radio, Mesh networks, Software defined antenna

|GNU Radio, List of software-defined radios, Universal Software Radio Peripheral

| Development, prototypes

|

|

|Research, development, commercialization

|

|

| Working prototypes{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-14/computing/29417322_1_electrons-devices-spintronic|title=Scientists developing spintronic computer chips|access-date=17 April 2011|date=14 April 2011|archive-date=7 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107092040/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-14/computing/29417322_1_electrons-devices-spintronic|work=The Times of India|url-status=dead}}

| Data storage, computing devices

|

|Research, development, commercialization

|

|

| Working prototypes in discrete devices

| Electric circuit cooling, micro-fluidic actuators, thermoelectric power generation

| Ultra high definition holographic disc, Metal–insulator transition

| Development, commercialization

| Memory and data processing

|

| Development

|Commercialization

|Films

|

|Commercialization

|Handheld game consoles, Mobile gaming, Real-time ray-tracing

|Google Stadia, GeForce Now

| Hypothetical, limited commercialization

| An artificial environment where the user feels just as immersed as they usually feel in conscious reality.

| Virtusphere, 3rd Space Vest, haptic suit, immersive technology, simulated reality, holodeck (fictional)

| Research and development

| Films, photos

| Deepfake, StyleGAN, DeepDream, DALL-E, Stable Diffusion, Sora

| Limited commercialization (e.g. Mitsubishi LaserVue TV in 2008)

| Displays with a very wide colour gamut

| Laser TV, Comparison of display technology

| Diffusion{{cite news |date=7 October 2008 |title=Scientist: Holographic television to become reality |publisher=CNN|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/TECH/science/10/06/holographic.television/ |url-status=live |access-date=29 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110116092157/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/TECH/science/10/06/holographic.television/ |archive-date=16 January 2011}}{{cite news |date=5 November 2010 |title=Holographic video takes step forward with updated display |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/holographic-video-takes-step-forward-with-updated-display-2125847.html |url-status=dead |access-date=29 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101109141652/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/holographic-video-takes-step-forward-with-updated-display-2125847.html |archive-date=9 November 2010}}{{cite news |date=9 January 2011 |title=Phone calls in 3-D soon |work=The New Straits Times|url=http://www.nst.com.my/articles/323d/Article |url-status=dead |access-date=29 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716165625/https://www.nst.com.my/articles/323d/Article |archive-date=16 July 2018}}{{cite news |date=7 October 2021 |title=Holograms get real: Startup creates objects out of light and thin air |publisher=CNET |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/holograms-get-real-startup-creates-objects-out-of-light-and-thin-air/ |access-date=28 October 2021}}

|

|

| Some prototypes

|

|

| Experiments

| Virtual tools and entertainment in a real-world environment, aids for the visually impaired

| Head-mounted display, Head-up display, Adaptive optics, EyeTap, Google Glass, Microsoft HoloLens, AR cloud{{cite news |date=21 February 2019 |title=Augmented Reality Is The Operating System of the Future. AR Cloud Is How We Get There |work=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnkoetsier/2019/02/21/augmented-reality-is-the-operating-system-of-the-future-ar-cloud-is-how-we-get-there/#261a254b25fb |url-status=live |access-date=27 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627185849/https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnkoetsier/2019/02/21/augmented-reality-is-the-operating-system-of-the-future-ar-cloud-is-how-we-get-there/#261a254b25fb |archive-date=27 June 2019}}

|Research, working prototypes, commercialization{{cite news |date=5 April 2011 |title=3D display technology is no headache, claim researchers |publisher=The Engineer |url=http://www.theengineer.co.uk/sectors/electronics/news/3d-display-technology-is-no-headache-claim-researchers/1008140.article |url-status=dead |access-date=17 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314020523/http://www.theengineer.co.uk/sectors/electronics/news/3d-display-technology-is-no-headache-claim-researchers/1008140.article |archive-date=14 March 2012}}

|Television, computer interfaces, cinemas, 3-dimensional imagery

|Autostereoscopic display, stereoscopic display, volumetric display, Holographic display, Light Field display, Nintendo 3DS, Swept-volume display

| Research{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/node/9249242|title=Getting wind farms off the ground|access-date=7 December 2011|newspaper=The Economist|date=7 June 2007|archive-date=5 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205104425/http://www.economist.com/node/9249242|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10217289|title=Wind turbines take to the skies|access-date=7 December 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=3 June 2010|archive-date=4 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111204054954/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10217289|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/09/magazine/09_1_turbine.html|title=Airborne Wind Turbines|access-date=7 December 2011|work=The New York Times|date=9 December 2007|archive-date=21 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521100632/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/09/magazine/09_1_turbine.html|url-status=live}}

| Wind power generation at higher altitudes, increasing efficiency

| KiteGen

| Estimated working prototype in 5–10 years from 2019{{cite news|url=https://thefutureofthings.com/3015-americium-power-source/|title=Americium Power Source|access-date=14 June 2019|publisher=thefutureofthings.com|date=1 January 2019|archive-date=10 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810120528/https://thefutureofthings.com/3015-americium-power-source/|url-status=live}}

| Energy storage

|

| Research, experiments,{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUS81168260920110329|title=Solar 'Artificial Leaf' Is Unveiled by Researchers|access-date=21 April 2011|work=Reuters|date=29 March 2011|archive-date=20 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110420170634/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/03/29/idUS81168260920110329|url-status=live}} growing interest in a macroscience global project{{Cite journal |last1=Faunce |first1=Thomas A. |last2=Lubitz |first2=Wolfgang |last3=Rutherford |first3=A. W. (Bill) |last4=MacFarlane |first4=Douglas |last5=Moore |first5=Gary F. |last6=Yang |first6=Peidong |last7=Nocera |first7=Daniel G. |last8=Moore |first8=Tom A. |last9=Gregory |first9=Duncan H. |last10=Fukuzumi |first10=Shunichi |last11=Yoon |first11=Kyung Byung |last12=Armstrong |first12=Fraser A. |last13=Wasielewski |first13=Michael R. |last14=Styring |first14=Stenbjorn |date=2013-02-20 |title=Energy and environment policy case for a global project on artificial photosynthesis |url=https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2013/ee/c3ee00063j |journal=Energy & Environmental Science |language=en |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=695–698 |doi=10.1039/C3EE00063J |issn=1754-5706|url-access=subscription }}

| Photosynthesis-like energy and oxygen production from artificial structures

| Sustainocene, Renewable energy, Nanotechnology

| Growing markets in California, Spain, Northern Africa{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-solar-calico-idUKTRE69R5YQ20101028|title=California approves Tessera solar plant|access-date=4 May 2011|work=Reuters|date=28 October 2010|archive-date=25 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120725194651/http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/10/28/us-solar-calico-idUKTRE69R5YQ20101028|url-status=live}}

| Electricity generation

| DESERTEC, BrightSource Energy, Solar Millennium

| Diffusion, continued development{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUS305904663820110330|title=Ultracapacitors Gain Traction as Battery Alternative|access-date=4 May 2011|work=Reuters|date=30 March 2011|archive-date=4 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110504121756/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/03/30/idUS305904663820110330|url-status=live}}

| Faster-charging, longer-lasting, more flexible, greener energy storage (e.g. for regenerative braking)

|

| Experiments

| Constant energy source for mobile, wearable and ubiquitous devices

| Humavox

| Limited commercialization

| Energy storage

|

| Research, experiments

| Electricity and heat generation, fusion torch recycling with waste heat

| ITER, NIF, Wendelstein 7-X, Magnetic confinement fusion, Dense plasma focus, Muon-catalyzed fusion

| Research, experiments

| Electricity and heat generation, transmutation of nuclear waste stockpiles from traditional reactors

|

| Small-scale examples

| Energy storage

|

| Research, commercialization{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-energy-solar-fuelcells-idUKN3145191020080731|title=MIT develops way to bank solar energy at home|access-date=24 December 2011|work=Reuters|date=31 July 2008|archive-date=26 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120726084032/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2008/07/31/us-energy-solar-fuelcells-idUKN3145191020080731|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/feb/22/bloom-box-fuel-cell-launch|title=All eyes on Bloom Box fuel cell launch|access-date=24 December 2011|work=The Guardian|date=22 February 2010|archive-date=9 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909112615/http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/feb/22/bloom-box-fuel-cell-launch|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8563928.stm|title=Japan aims its home fuel cells at Europe|access-date=24 December 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=12 March 2010|archive-date=4 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004180518/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8563928.stm|url-status=live}}

| Off-the-grid, producing electricity in using an environmentally friendly fuel as a backup during long term power failures.

| Autonomous building, Bloom Energy Server

| Research, experimentsKraytsberg A, Ein-Eli Y (2011). "Review on Li-air batteries – Opportunities, limitations and perspective". Journal of Power Sources,196:p.886-893.

| Laptops, mobile phones, long-range electric cars; storing energy for electric grid

|

| Commercialization

| Energy storage

|

| Research and development

| Energy storage

|

| Early commercialization

| Energy storage

|

| Research, experiments

| Electricity and heat generation

|

| Experiments, prototypes{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/battery-paper-idUKN075599520091207|title=Scientists say paper battery could be in the works|access-date=4 May 2011|work=Reuters|date=7 December 2009|archive-date=6 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706021953/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/12/07/battery-paper-idUKN075599520091207|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/us-shirt-idINN1334900820080213|title=Microfiber fabric makes its own electricity?|access-date=4 May 2011|work=Reuters|date=14 February 2008|archive-date=25 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120725234315/http://in.reuters.com/article/2008/02/13/us-shirt-idINN1334900820080213|url-status=dead}}

| Laptops, mobile phones, long-range electric cars; storing energy for electric grid

|

| Research{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/article2029102.ece|title=A new device to tap more solar energy invented|access-date=24 December 2011|work=The Hindu|date=18 May 2011|archive-date=17 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817132342/http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/article2029102.ece|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/node/15582193|title=Heat scavenging – Stealing the heat|access-date=24 December 2011|newspaper=The Economist|date=4 March 2010|archive-date=2 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120102172017/http://www.economist.com/node/15582193|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.businessworld.in/businessworld/content/New-Rays.html?print=yes|title=New Rays|access-date=24 December 2011|publisher=Businessworld|date=21 May 2011}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

| Electricity generation

|

| Prototype

| Electricity generation

|

| Niche uses

| Reliable, power-dense energy storage (particularly for electric cars and wearable technology)

|

| Research, diffusion{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/8056083.stm|title=Electricity to power 'smart grid'|access-date=4 March 2012|publisher=BBC News|date=18 May 2009|archive-date=24 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090524085815/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/8056083.stm|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/cwire/2011/05/25/25climatewire-smart-grid-costs-are-massive-but-benefits-wi-48403.html?pagewanted=all|title=Smart Grid Costs Are Massive, but Benefits Will Be Larger, Industry Study Says|access-date=4 March 2012|work=The New York Times|date=25 May 2011|archive-date=23 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323085319/http://www.nytimes.com/cwire/2011/05/25/25climatewire-smart-grid-costs-are-massive-but-benefits-wi-48403.html?pagewanted=all|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/south-korea-smart-grid-low-carbon|title=Pushing the low carbon boundaries: South Korea's smart grid initiative|access-date=4 March 2012|work=The Guardian|date=5 September 2011|archive-date=31 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231102129/http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/south-korea-smart-grid-low-carbon|url-status=live}}

|Advanced grid power management

| Smart meter, SuperSmart Grid

| Early research

| Electricity generation

|

| Research started in the 1960s, still ongoing

| Electricity and heat generation

|

|

| Power generation

|

| Prototypes, diffusion, short range consumer products{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/6725955.stm|title=Wireless energy promise powers up|access-date=4 May 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=7 June 2007|archive-date=17 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070917080815/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/6725955.stm|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/12/26/fcc-approves-first-wireless-power-at-a-distance-charging-syste/|title=FCC approves first wireless 'power-at-a-distance' charging system|access-date=27 December 2017|work=Engadget|date=27 December 2017|archive-date=27 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171227011211/https://www.engadget.com/2017/12/26/fcc-approves-first-wireless-power-at-a-distance-charging-syste/|url-status=live}}

| Wirelessly powered equipment: laptop, cell phones, electric cars, etc.

| WiTricity, resonant inductive coupling

| Expansion

| Energy-efficient homes

| Passive house

|Research and development

|

|

| Hypothetical, experiments, diffusion, early uses{{cite news |date=15 November 2011 |title=Sto AG, Cabot Create Aerogel Insulation |publisher=Construction Digital |url=http://www.constructiondigital.com/innovations/sto-ag-cabot-create-aerogel-insulation |url-status=dead |access-date=18 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111231012849/http://www.constructiondigital.com/innovations/sto-ag-cabot-create-aerogel-insulation |archive-date=31 December 2011}}

| Improved thermal insulation (for pipelines, aerospace, etc.), as well as insulative "glass" if it can be made clear

|

| Experiments, use in amorphous metal transformers

| Armor, implants

|

| Limited commercialization (e.g. polylactic acid in 3D printing)

| Disposable packaging and single-use items

| Research, experiments, prototypes

| Lighter and cheaper wires, antistatic materials, organic solar cells

| Jacquard weaving

| Research, experiments, prototypes

| Significantly stronger metal components

| Diffusion

| Biodegradable alternatives to plastic

|

| Prototypes

|Better protection for warships and armoured fighting vehicles from shaped charge weapons

|

| Experiments, diffusion

| Programmable matter

|

| Hypothetical, experiments, diffusion, early uses{{cite news |date=21 May 2011 |title=Is graphene a miracle material? |publisher=BBC Click |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/click_online/9491789.stm |url-status=live |access-date=18 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004180517/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/9491789.stm |archive-date=4 October 2020}}{{cite news |date=13 November 2011 |title=Could graphene be the new silicon? |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2011/nov/13/graphene-research-novoselov-geim-manchester |url-status=live |access-date=18 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130902031129/http://www.theguardian.com/science/2011/nov/13/graphene-research-novoselov-geim-manchester |archive-date=2 September 2013}}

| Higher-specific strength structural components, higher-frequency transistors, lower-cost mobile displays, automotive hydrogen storage, biosensors,{{Cite journal |last=Tehrani |first=Z. |date=2014-09-01 |title=Generic epitaxial graphene biosensors for ultrasensitive detection of cancer risk biomarker |url=https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa19735/Download/0019735-07052015130054.pdf |journal=2D Materials |volume=1 |issue=2 |page=025004 |bibcode=2014TDM.....1b5004T |doi=10.1088/2053-1583/1/2/025004 |s2cid=55035225}} more efficient batteries{{cite web |title=Applications of Graphene under Development |url=http://www.understandingnano.com/graphene-applications.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921024004/http://www.understandingnano.com/graphene-applications.html |archive-date=21 September 2014 |access-date=16 June 2011 |publisher=understandingnano.com}}

|

| Limited commercialization

|More efficient laboratory analysis

|

| Cryogenic receiver front-end (CRFE) RF and microwave filter systems for mobile phone base stations; prototypes in dry ice; experiments for lower temperatures{{cite news |date=5 March 2007 |title=The 'new age' of super materials |publisher=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/6412057.stm |url-status=live |access-date=27 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004180517/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6412057.stm |archive-date=4 October 2020}}

| No-loss conductors, frictionless bearings, magnetic levitation, lossless high-capacity accumulators, electric cars, heat-free integrated circuits

|

| Development

|Cancer treatment,{{cite journal |last1=Rabias |first1=I. |display-authors=etal |year=2010 |title=Rapid magnetic heating treatment by highly charged maghemite nanoparticles on Wistar rats exocranial glioma tumors at microliter volume |journal=Biomicrofluidics |volume=4 |issue=2 |page=024111 |doi=10.1063/1.3449089 |pmc=2917883 |pmid=20697578}}{{cite journal |last1=Kumar |first1=CS |last2=Mohammad |first2=F |year=2011 |title=Magnetic nanomaterials for hyperthermia-based therapy and controlled drug delivery |journal=Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. |volume=63 |issue=9 |pages=789–808 |doi=10.1016/j.addr.2011.03.008 |pmc=3138885 |pmid=21447363}} wastewater treatment{{cite journal |last1=F.M. Koehler |first1=Fabian M. |author2=M. Rossier |author3=M. Waelle |author4=E.K. Athanassiou |author5=L.K. Limbach |author6=R.N. Grass |author7=D. Günther |author8=W.J. Stark |year=2009 |title=Magnetic EDTA: Coupling heavy metal chelators to metal nanomagnets for rapid removal of cadmium, lead and copper from contaminated water |url=https://semanticscholar.org/paper/1b7c55dfcb27958f6eedd5480a8c5c2ebc6e26f4 |journal=Chem. Commun. |volume=32 |issue=32 |pages=4862–4 |doi=10.1039/B909447D |pmid=19652806 |s2cid=33582926}}

|

| Research and development, limited magnetorheological damping applications

| Seismic damping for earthquake resistance

| Electrorheological fluid

| Research and development

|

|

| Superfluid gyroscopes exist but work at very low temperatures

| High-precision measure of gravity, navigation and maneuver devices, possible devices to emit gravitomagnetic field, frictionless mechanical devices

|

| Hypothetical, experiments, diffusion{{cite news |date=8 November 2010 |title=Strides in Materials, but No Invisibility Cloak |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/09/science/09meta.html?_r=1 |url-status=live |access-date=21 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701040901/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/09/science/09meta.html?_r=1 |archive-date=1 July 2017}}

| Microscopes, cameras, metamaterial cloaking, cloaking devices

|

| Research, limited commercialization

| Space colonies, floating cities

|

| Hypothetical, experiments, some prototypes, few commercial

| Wide range of applications (e.g. self-health monitoring, self-healing materials)

|

| Hypothetical, experiments, diffusion, early uses{{cite news |date=21 January 2010 |title=Carbon nanotubes used to make batteries from fabrics |publisher=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8471362.stm |url-status=live |access-date=27 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004180518/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8471362.stm |archive-date=4 October 2020}}{{cite news |date=25 April 2011 |title=Researchers One Step Closer to Building Synthetic Brain |publisher=Daily Tech |url=http://www.dailytech.com/Researchers+One+Step+Closer+to+Building+Synthetic+Brain/article21459c.htm |url-status=dead |access-date=27 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429015558/http://www.dailytech.com/Researchers+One+Step+Closer+to+Building+Synthetic+Brain/article21459c.htm |archive-date=29 April 2011}}

| Higher-specific strength structural components

| Potential applications of carbon nanotubes, Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers

| Research, experiments, prototypes,{{cite news |date=22 March 2010 |title='Quantum dots' to boost performance of mobile cameras |publisher=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/8580372.stm |url-status=live |access-date=16 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004180518/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8580372.stm |archive-date=4 October 2020}} commercialization{{Citation needed|date=September 2022}}

| Quantum dot lasers, quantum dot displays, faster data communication, laser scalpels

|

|Research, experiments

|Infrastructure, robotics, biotech

|

| Early research

| Nanoscale electronics

|

| Research, diffusion

| Significantly stronger metal components (particularly in aircraft jet engines)

|

| Research, commercialization

| Electronics

|

|Research experiments{{Cite journal |last=Richerme |first=Phil |date=2017-01-18 |title=Viewpoint: How to Create a Time Crystal |url=http://physics.aps.org/articles/v10/5 |url-status=live |journal=Physics |language=en-US |volume=10 |page=5 |doi=10.1103/Physics.10.5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531033611/https://physics.aps.org/articles/v10/5 |archive-date=31 May 2019 |access-date=2 February 2017 |doi-access=free}}

|Quantum computers with stable qubits

|

| Commercialization

| Construction of buildings and sculptures (e.g. Europe Gate)

|

| Research, experiments

| Space travel, extracorporeal pregnancy, reprogenetics, same-sex procreation

|

| Trials, from animal (e.g., brain implants) to human clinical (e.g., insulin pump implant), to commercial production (e.g. pacemaker, joint replacement, cochlear implant)

| Brain implant, retinal implant

| Prosthetics, prosthetics in fiction, cyborg

| Hypothetical, research, commercialization (e.g. Alcor, Cryonics Institute)

| Life extension

|

| Research, development, trials

| Animal husbandry, pets, zoos

| Revival of the woolly mammoth

| Deployment

| Replacing paper medical records

|

| Implementation in 2021 to combat the COVID-19 pandemic

|Disease vaccinations, cancer therapy

|

| Successful first trials

|

|

| Research, development, commercialization{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/a-giant-leap-into-the-unknown-gm-salmon-that-grows-and-grows-2085856.html|title=A giant leap into the unknown: GM salmon that grows and grows|access-date=5 May 2011|work=The Independent|date=22 September 2010|archive-date=13 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110913112654/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/a-giant-leap-into-the-unknown-gm-salmon-that-grows-and-grows-2085856.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/8720207/Gene-therapy-is-cure-for-boy-in-the-bubble-syndrome.html|title=Gene therapy is cure for 'boy in the bubble' syndrome|access-date=18 November 2011|work=The Telegraph|date=24 August 2011|archive-date=29 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110829083059/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/8720207/Gene-therapy-is-cure-for-boy-in-the-bubble-syndrome.html|url-status=dead}}

| Creating and modifying species (mainly improving their physical and mental capabilities), bio-machines, eliminating genetic disorders (gene therapy), new materials production,{{cite web|url=http://www.cachevalleydaily.com/news/local/article_df56a51a-3558-11e4-8281-0017a43b2370.html|title=USU Synthetic Spider Silk Lab awarded $1.9 million in DOE Energy Efficient Transportation Technology Funds|work=CacheValleyDaily.com|access-date=12 October 2014|archive-date=4 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004180534/https://www.cachevalleydaily.com/news/archive/2014/09/06/df56a51a-3558-11e4-8281-0017a43b2370/|url-status=live}} healthier and cheaper food, creating drugs and vaccines, research in natural sciences, bioremediation,{{cite web|url=http://www.biotecharticles.com/Environmental-Biotechnology-Article/Application-of-Genetic-Engineering-in-Bioremediation-Deinococcus-Radiodurans-2095.html|title=Application of Genetic Engineering in Bioremediation: Deinococcus Radiodurans|author=Shivani Sharma|work=biotecharticles.com|access-date=25 October 2014|archive-date=25 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025154921/http://www.biotecharticles.com/Environmental-Biotechnology-Article/Application-of-Genetic-Engineering-in-Bioremediation-Deinococcus-Radiodurans-2095.html|url-status=live}} detecting arsenic,{{cite web|url=http://cen.acs.org/articles/90/web/2012/02/New-Portable-Kit-Detects-Arsenic.html|title=New Portable Kit Detects Arsenic in Wells|author=Katharine Sanderson|work=acs.org|access-date=25 October 2014|archive-date=4 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004215425/http://cen.acs.org/articles/90/web/2012/02/New-Portable-Kit-Detects-Arsenic.html|url-status=live}} CO2 reducing superplant,{{cite web|url=https://science.slashdot.org/story/18/05/19/0540205/anti-gmo-activists-slow-scientists-breeding-a-co2-reducing-superplant|title=Anti-GMO Activists Slow Scientists Breeding a CO2-Reducing Superplant|author=EditorDavid|work=science.slashdot.org|date=19 May 2018 |access-date=14 July 2019|archive-date=14 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714024250/https://science.slashdot.org/story/18/05/19/0540205/anti-gmo-activists-slow-scientists-breeding-a-co2-reducing-superplant|url-status=live}}

| Biopunk, Genetically modified food, superhuman, human enhancement, transhumanism, gene doping, designer baby, genetic pollution

| Research, development, animal trials{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/8024991/Patients-to-be-frozen-into-state-of-suspended-animation-for-surgery.html|title=Patients to be frozen into state of suspended animation for surgery|access-date=21 April 2011|work=The Telegraph|date=26 September 2010|archive-date=5 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110205055345/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/8024991/Patients-to-be-frozen-into-state-of-suspended-animation-for-surgery.html|url-status=dead}}

| Organ transplantation, space travel, prolonged surgery, emergency care

|

| Research, experiments, animal testing{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/11/science/11aging.html|title=Doubt on Anti-Aging Molecule as Drug Trial Stops|access-date=1 May 2011|work=The New York Times|date=10 January 2011|archive-date=26 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026072845/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/11/science/11aging.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-15552964|title=Signs of ageing halted in the lab|access-date=16 December 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=2 November 2011|archive-date=17 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217054650/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-15552964|url-status=live}}

| Increased life spans

| Immortality, biological immortality

| Research, experiments, limited use{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/nanotechnology-world/aiming-for-clinical-excellence?newsfeed=true|title=Aiming for clinical excellence|access-date=16 December 2011|work=The Guardian|date=26 November 2011|archive-date=31 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231162352/http://www.theguardian.com/nanotechnology-world/aiming-for-clinical-excellence?newsfeed=true|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/nanotechnology-world/science-nano-technology-cancer-cure-disease-medicine|title=Nanotechnoglogy world: Nanomedicine offers new cures|access-date=16 December 2011|work=The Guardian|date=6 September 2011|archive-date=31 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231140054/http://www.theguardian.com/nanotechnology-world/science-nano-technology-cancer-cure-disease-medicine|url-status=live}}

|

|

| Research and development

|

|

| Research and development; some prototypes

|

|

| Human trials (Talimogene laherparepvec, reolysin, JX-594), commercialisation (H101)

| Cancer therapy, imaging

| Oncolytic virus

| Research, experiments{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/genetic-test-could-be-used-to-personalise-drugs-say-scientists-1913662.html|title=Genetic test could be used to 'personalise' drugs, say scientists|access-date=16 April 2011|work=The Independent|date=1 March 2010|archive-date=4 March 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304135415/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/genetic-test-could-be-used-to-personalise-drugs-say-scientists-1913662.html|url-status=live}}

| Personalized medical procedures, genome sequencing during drug trials

| Personal genomics

| First trial uses

|

|

| Clinical trials

|

|

| Some laboratory trials{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/health/scientists-grow-viable-urethras-from-boys-cells/|title=Scientists Grow Viable Urethras From Boys' Cells|access-date=27 April 2011|publisher=Fox News|date=8 March 2011|archive-date=11 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110311093238/http://www.foxnews.com/health/2011/03/08/scientists-grow-viable-urethras-boys-cells/|url-status=live}}

| Life extension

|

| Research, diffusion{{cite news|url=http://www.chron.com/news/article/Doctors-grapple-with-the-value-of-robotic-surgery-2174855.php|title=Doctors grapple with the value of robotic surgery|access-date=24 December 2011|work=Houston Chronicle|date=16 September 2011}}{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/08/03/robotic-surgery-making-inroads-many-medical-procedures.html|title=Robotic surgery making inroads in many medical procedures|access-date=24 December 2011|work=The Jakarta Post|date=8 March 2011|archive-date=20 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111220073438/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/08/03/robotic-surgery-making-inroads-many-medical-procedures.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/208490/doctors_perform_first_fully_robotic_surgery.html|title=Doctors Perform First Fully Robotic Surgery|access-date=24 December 2011|publisher=PC World|date=21 October 2010|archive-date=24 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124072434/http://www.pcworld.com/article/208490/doctors_perform_first_fully_robotic_surgery.html|url-status=live}}

|

|

| Under investigation

|

|

| Research, experiments, phase I human trial spinal cord injury treatment (GERON), cultured cornea transplants{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-12963297|title=Scientists make eye's retina from stem cells|access-date=27 April 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=6 April 2011|archive-date=25 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110425030729/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-12963297|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2009/jan/30/stemcells-genetics|title=Medical marvels|access-date=16 December 2011|work=The Guardian|date=30 January 2009|archive-date=22 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022085257/http://www.theguardian.com/science/2009/jan/30/stemcells-genetics|url-status=live}}

| Treatment for a wide range of diseases and injuries

| Stem cell, stem cell treatments

| Research, development, first synthetic bacteria created May 2010{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10132762|title='Artificial life' breakthrough announced by scientists|access-date=29 April 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=20 May 2010|archive-date=11 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511215144/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10132762|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/7745868/Scientist-Craig-Venter-creates-life-for-first-time-in-laboratory-sparking-debate-about-playing-god.html|title=Scientist Craig Venter creates life for first time in laboratory sparking debate about 'playing god'|access-date=29 April 2011|work=The Telegraph|date=20 May 2010|archive-date=25 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111225042345/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/7745868/Scientist-Craig-Venter-creates-life-for-first-time-in-laboratory-sparking-debate-about-playing-god.html|url-status=dead}}

| Infinitely scalable production processes based on programmable species of bacteria and other life forms

| BioBrick, iGEM, synthetic genomics

| Research, diffusion{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-14946808|title=Artificial blood vessels created on a 3D printer|access-date=26 December 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=16 September 2011|archive-date=29 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229062442/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-14946808|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8347008.stm|title=Penis tissue replaced in the lab|access-date=26 December 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=10 November 2009|archive-date=3 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303175328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8347008.stm|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/health-us-lung-artificial-idUKTRE65N5AF20100624|title=U.S. scientists create artificial lungs, of sorts|access-date=26 December 2011|work=Reuters|date=24 June 2010|archive-date=27 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120727034908/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2010/06/24/health-us-lung-artificial-idUKTRE65N5AF20100624|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-radio-and-tv-16194574|title=Silkworms could aid a breakthrough in tissue engineering|access-date=26 December 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=15 December 2011|archive-date=15 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111215182943/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-radio-and-tv-16194574|url-status=live}}

| Organ printing, tooth regeneration

|

| Research and development

| Diagnosing medical conditions

| Medical tricorder

| Research, human trials

| Gene therapy, cancer therapy

| Virotherapy, Oncolytic Virus

| Research, some experiments{{cite news|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/10223/1079017-115.stm|title=Research updates: CMU prof wins grants for very cool technology|access-date=18 November 2011|publisher=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=11 August 2010|archive-date=4 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004180547/https://old.post-gazette.com/pg/10223/1079017-115.stm|url-status=live}}

| Organ transplantation, cryonics

|

|Research

|Treatment of neurological disease, artificial intelligence

|Blue Brain Project, Human Brain Project

| Research and commercialization

| Faster communication and learning, as well as more "real" entertainment (generation of feelings and information in brain on-demand) and the control of emotions in the mentally ill{{cite web|url=http://www.technologyreview.com/news/527561/military-funds-brain-computer-interfaces-to-control-feelings/|title=DARPA Program Seeks to Use Brain Implants to Control Mental Illness – MIT Technology Review|work=MIT Technology Review}}

| Experience machine, Neuralink, Stent-electrode recording array

| Research{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8782214/Mind-reading-research-the-major-breakthroughs.html|title=Mind-reading research: the major breakthroughs|access-date=18 November 2011|work=The Telegraph|date=22 September 2011|archive-date=3 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203031130/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8782214/Mind-reading-research-the-major-breakthroughs.html|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8781503/Mind-reading-device-recreates-what-we-see-in-our-heads.html#disqus_thread|title='Mind-reading device' recreates what we see in our heads|access-date=18 November 2011|work=The Telegraph|date=22 September 2011|archive-date=11 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111095357/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8781503/Mind-reading-device-recreates-what-we-see-in-our-heads.html#disqus_thread|url-status=dead}}

|

|

| Research, diffusion{{cite news|url=http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/IBM-Mind-Control-Possible-in-5-Years-IBM-135884763.html|title='Mind Control' Possible in 5 Years: IBM|access-date=21 December 2011|publisher=NBC Bay Area|date=21 December 2011|archive-date=31 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231001949/http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/IBM-Mind-Control-Possible-in-5-Years-IBM-135884763.html|url-status=live}}

| Controlling electronic devices via brain waves

| BrainGate

| Success in animal experiments, including 2-headed result

| Treatment of debilitating diseases or severe disfigurement

| | Brain transplant, hand transplantation, organ transplantation

| Hypothetical, research

| Treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder

|

| Research, animal trials

| Visual prosthesis, brain implant, exocortex, retinal implant, neurograin{{cite news|url=https://www.brown.edu/news/2017-07-10/neurograins|title=Brown to receive up to $19M to engineer next-generation brain-computer interface|publisher=Brown.edu|access-date=9 July 2019|archive-date=10 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710023207/https://www.brown.edu/news/2017-07-10/neurograins|url-status=live}}

|

|Experimentation{{Cite web |last=Kinard |first=Jordan |title=These Living Computers Are Made from Human Neurons |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/these-living-computers-are-made-from-human-neurons/ |access-date=2024-12-18 |website=Scientific American |language=en}}

|Artificial Intelligence, better understanding of neurons

|

| Field tests and limited commercialization

|Lighter and cheaper ammunition; the lack of a case may also simplify the design of firearms

| Lightweight Small Arms Technologies

| Successful experiments cloaking small objects under some conditions{{cite web |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/01/110128-invisibility-cloak-magic-crystal-mit-barbastathis-science/ |title=New Invisibility Cloak Closer to Working "Magic" |author=Rachel Kaufman |date=28 January 2011 |work=National Geographic News |access-date=4 February 2011 |archive-date=3 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203050458/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/01/110128-invisibility-cloak-magic-crystal-mit-barbastathis-science/ |url-status=dead }}

| Stealth

| Metamaterial cloaking

| Research, development, some prototypes{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-13034521|title=Laser gun tested on US Navy ship in Pacific Ocean|access-date=18 April 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=11 April 2011|archive-date=16 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110416180559/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-13034521|url-status=live}}

|

| Laser Weapon System, Iron Beam

| Research and development

|

|

| Research and development

| Tank, artillery, and close-in weapon systems

|

| Hypothetical, experiments{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/7487740/Star-Trek-style-force-field-armour-being-developed-by-military-scientists.html|title=Star Trek-style force-field armour being developed by military scientists|access-date=16 April 2011|work=The Telegraph|date=20 March 2010|archive-date=28 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128043346/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/7487740/Star-Trek-style-force-field-armour-being-developed-by-military-scientists.html|url-status=live}}

| Military and law enforcement, space travel

| Plasma window

| Development

| Environment-friendly ammunition

|

| Development

|

| Avangard, Kinzhal, Zircon, BrahMos-II, Prompt Global Strike, DARPA Falcon Project, DF-ZF, Boeing X-51 Waverider

| Research and development, trials

| Tracking and destruction of rockets, bombs, drones etc.{{cite web |url=https://www.foxnews.com/tech/navy-tests-new-vehicle-mounted-laser-weapon/ |title=Navy tests new vehicle-mounted laser weapon |publisher=Fox News |date=29 September 2014 |archive-date=11 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011075322/http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2014/09/29/navy-tests-new-vehicle-mounted-laser-weapon/ |url-status=live }}

| Advanced Tactical Laser, High Energy Liquid Laser Area Defense System

| Research and development

| A formed penetrator using molten metal in place of self-forging explosives

| Explosively pumped flux compression generator

| Research and development

| Increased accuracy by marksmen

| EXACTO, Smart bullet, TrackingPoint, SMASH Handheld

| Research and development{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/node/21532245|title=Electromagnetic weapons – Frying tonight|access-date=19 November 2011|newspaper=The Economist|date=15 October 2011|archive-date=19 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111119014732/http://www.economist.com/node/21532245|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/12/10/navy-railgun-shoots-bullets-electromagnet/|title=Navy Sets World Record With Incredible, Sci-Fi Weapon|access-date=19 November 2011|publisher=Fox News|date=10 December 2010|archive-date=27 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127235208/http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/12/10/navy-railgun-shoots-bullets-electromagnet/|url-status=dead}}

| Cheaper and safer ammunition

| Coilgun

| Research and development

| Electronic countermeasures

| Plasma stealth, Stealth aircraft, Radar-absorbent material

| Research and development

| More compact cartridges

|

| Research and development

|

|

| Research and development

| Space travel

|Spin gravity

| Conceptual; NASA has announced plans to capture and redirect an asteroid{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/content/new-imagery-of-asteroid-mission/#.UoJcYuLiQTE|title=New Imagery of Asteroid Mission|work=NASA|date=2013-08-13|access-date=12 November 2013|archive-date=12 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112173302/http://www.nasa.gov/content/new-imagery-of-asteroid-mission/#.UoJcYuLiQTE|url-status=live}}

|Commerce, resource supply

|

| Development, prototypes built and tested

| Space habitats

| Bigelow Aerospace

| Commercial

| Circumvention of the cost of expendable launch vehicles outside of national government or military missions

| Reusable launch vehicle

| Research

|Uncrewed interstellar probes{{Cite web|title=Breakthrough Initiatives|url=https://breakthroughinitiatives.org/initiative/3|access-date=2020-08-29|website=breakthroughinitiatives.org|language=en|archive-date=22 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190522213948/https://breakthroughinitiatives.org/initiative/3|url-status=live}}

|

|Research and development, experiments{{Cite news|url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/cool-tech/spaceworks-stasis-chamber/|title=Spaceworks may have a real-world stasis chamber for space travel by 2018|date=2017-01-29|newspaper=Digital Trends|language=en-US|access-date=2017-02-01|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202075438/http://www.digitaltrends.com/cool-tech/spaceworks-stasis-chamber/|url-status=live}}

|Interplanetary space travel, interstellar space travel, medical

|

| Research, development, prototypes, diffusion, commercializing{{cite web|url=http://www.technologytell.com/gadgets/150728/softbank-robot-reach-us-less-year/|title=SoftBank robot to reach US in less than a year|work=TechnologyTell|access-date=9 October 2014|archive-date=14 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014213800/http://www.technologytell.com/gadgets/150728/softbank-robot-reach-us-less-year/|url-status=live}}

| Disabled, infant and older people care, housekeeping, sex-worker, flight-attendant, model, hostess, waiter, security guard

| Tesla bot, Atlas

| Prototypes

|Robots fuelled by digesting organic matter

|

| Hypothetical, experiments{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7837967.stm|title=Tiny motors may be big in surgery|access-date=21 April 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=20 January 2009|archive-date=4 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004180547/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7837967.stm|url-status=live}}

| Machines that can make anything given the materials, cheap planetary terraforming

|

| Research, development, prototypes, diffusion, commercializing{{cite web|publisher=Scientific American|author=Christopher Mims|title=Exoskeletons Give New Life to Legs|url=http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=honda-exoskeleton-assist-devices|year=2009|access-date=21 April 2009|archive-date=4 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004180549/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/honda-exoskeleton-assist-devices/|url-status=live}}

| Heavy lifting, paralysis, muscle-related diseases, warfare, construction, firefighting, care for the elderly and disabled

| LOPES (exoskeleton), ReWalk, Human Universal Load Carrier, fictional armor Iron Man's armor, Future Force Warrior

| Hypothetical, experiments, early prototypes

| As a universal physical machine, SRCMR may change the way many physical structures and machines are made

| Robot, swarm robotics, autonomous research robot

| Hypothetical, experiments{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/node/16789226|title=Riders on a swarm|access-date=21 April 2011|newspaper=The Economist|date=12 August 2010|archive-date=25 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325155458/http://www.economist.com//node//16789226|url-status=live}}

| Autonomous construction, space construction

| Swarm intelligence, autonomous robotics, nanorobotics, particle swarm optimization, multi-agent systems, behavior-based robotics

| Research and development, diffusion, commercial

| Transport of goods, surveillance, oceanography, wildfire mapping, pipeline security, home security, anti-piracy, border control, pursuing criminals, oil, gas and mineral exploration and production, geophysical and geomagnetic surveys, exploration of hazardous areas, firefighting,{{cite web|url=http://www.computerworld.com/article/2489381/emerging-technology/u-s--navy-to-test-humanoid-robotic-firefighters.html|title=U.S. Navy to test humanoid robotic firefighters|author=Sharon Gaudin|date=2 April 2014|work=Computerworld|access-date=20 October 2014|archive-date=20 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020232120/http://www.computerworld.com/article/2489381/emerging-technology/u-s--navy-to-test-humanoid-robotic-firefighters.html|url-status=live}} military and peacekeeping operations, search and rescue, bomb disposal, police raids

| Unmanned aerial vehicle, AeroVironment, AeroVironment Global Observer, AeroVironment Nano Hummingbird, Unmanned combat air vehicle, Unmanned ground vehicle, Unmanned space vehicle, Unmanned surface vehicle, Unmanned underwater vehicle, Autonomous underwater vehicle

| Research, development, early prototypes{{cite news|url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=tires-that-dont-need-air|title=Airless Tire Promises Grace Under Pressure for Soldiers|access-date=6 December 2011|publisher=Scientific American|date=11 August 2008|archive-date=29 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429005130/http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=tires-that-dont-need-air|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/business/T111205005170.htm|title=New tire models to go without air or oil|access-date=6 December 2011|publisher=The Daily Yomiuri|date=6 December 2011|archive-date=5 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205204750/http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/business/T111205005170.htm|url-status=live}}

| Safer tires

| Tweel

|Experimentation

|More widespread communications

|

| Commercialization, diffusion

| Reducing air pollution, decreasing oil consumption

| Electric vehicle

| Experiments, prototypes{{citation |last=Scott |first=William B. |title=Morphing Wings |newspaper=Aviation Week & Space Technology |date=27 November 2006 |url=http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/ |access-date=26 April 2011 |archive-date=26 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426122028/http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web|url=http://www.flxsys.com/aerospace.shtml |title= Aerospace |website=FlexSys Inc. |access-date=26 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616074103/http://www.flxsys.com/aerospace.shtml |archive-date=16 June 2011 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.flxsys.com/pdf/NATO_Conf_Paper-KOTA.pdf |title=Mission Adaptive Compliant Wing – Design, Fabrication and Flight Test |first1=Sridhar |last1=Kota |first2=Russell |last2=Osborn |first3=Gregory |last3=Ervin |first4=Dragan |last4=Maric |first5=Peter |last5=Flick |first6=Donald |last6=Paul |publisher=FlexSys Inc., Air Force Research Laboratory |location=Ann Arbor, MI; Dayton, OH, U.S.A. |access-date=26 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322211547/http://www.flxsys.com/pdf/NATO_Conf_Paper-KOTA.pdf |archive-date=22 March 2012 }}{{cite web |title= Showcase UAV Demonstrates Flapless Flight |publisher= BAE Systems |year= 2010 |url= http://www.baesystems.com/AboutUs/ShowcaseUAVDemonstratesFlaplessFlight/ |access-date= 22 December 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110707205548/http://www.baesystems.com/AboutUs/ShowcaseUAVDemonstratesFlaplessFlight/ |archive-date= 7 July 2011 |url-status= dead }}{{cite news |title=Demon UAV jets into history by flying without flaps |newspaper=Metro |agency=Associated Press|location=London |date=28 September 2010 |url=http://www.metro.co.uk/news/842292-plane-jets-into-history-by-flying-without-flaps |access-date=29 September 2010 |archive-date=23 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823110258/http://www.metro.co.uk/news/842292-plane-jets-into-history-by-flying-without-flaps |url-status=live }}

| Controlling aircraft, ships

| Aircraft flight control system, BAE Systems Demon, fluidics

| Prototypes

| More efficient air travel

| Research, Development

| Low emission and low noise air travel, air taxis

| Early commercialization, prototypes{{cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/lifestyle/terrafugia-transition-flying-car-to-go-into-proudction-after-us-approval/story-e6frg9zo-1225886520998|title=Terrafugia Transition flying car to go into production after US approval|access-date=6 December 2011|publisher=The Australian|date=1 July 2010}}{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/Stuck-in-traffic-Turn-your-car-into-a-plane-in-30-secs/articleshow/6116786.cms|title=Stuck in traffic? Turn your car into a plane in 30 secs|access-date=6 December 2011|date=2 July 2010|archive-date=27 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027213001/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-02/science/28319061_1_roadable-aircraft-car-traffic-jam|work=The Times of India|url-status=live}}

| More effective transportation

| Terrafugia Transition, Moller M400 Skycar, Urban Aeronautics X-Hawk, AeroMobil

| Research, development{{cite web |url=http://www.washington.edu/news/2013/04/04/rocket-powered-by-nuclear-fusion-could-send-humans-to-mars/ |title=Rocket powered by nuclear fusion could send humans to Mars |date=4 April 2013 |archive-date=2 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102221532/http://www.washington.edu/news/2013/04/04/rocket-powered-by-nuclear-fusion-could-send-humans-to-mars/ |url-status=live }}

| Fast interplanetary travel, with limited interstellar travel applications

|

| Standardization,{{citation |url=https://standardsdevelopment.bsigroup.com/projects/2020-03529 |title=PD CLC/TS 50717 Technical Requirements for Current Collectors for ground-level feeding system on road vehicles in operation |website=The British Standards Institution |year=2022 |accessdate=11 February 2022 |archive-date=11 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211062131/https://standardsdevelopment.bsigroup.com/projects/2020-03529}}{{citation |url=http://ri.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1540005/FULLTEXT01.pdf |title=Key Messages on Electric Roads – Executive Summary from the CollERS Project |date=26 March 2021 |accessdate=11 February 2022 |editor=Martin G. H. Gustavsson |website=CollERS |page=6}} commercialization{{citation |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5xdJMoz_WA |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/I5xdJMoz_WA |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Electric Road Systems – PIARC Online Discussion |author=PIARC |date=17 February 2021 |at=34 minutes 34 seconds}}{{cbignore}}{{citation |url=https://trm24.fr/lancement-du-projet-de-recherche-eroadmontblanc/ |title=L'APS d'Alstom bientôt testé sur les routes |author=Jean-Philippe Pastre |website=TRM24 |date=June 30, 2023}}

| Reduction of required battery size and weight for battery electric vehicles by charging while driving

| {{unbulleted list|Trafikverkets Program för Elvägar|Transport in France § Electric roads}}

| Working prototypes, early commercialization

| Package delivery, search and rescue

|

| Research, development{{cite news|url=http://www.cnngo.com/explorations/life/japanese-scientists-invent-trains-flies-976740|title=Flying train unveiled by Japanese scientists|access-date=7 December 2011|publisher=CNN|date=13 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120109050741/http://www.cnngo.com/explorations/life/japanese-scientists-invent-trains-flies-976740|archive-date=9 January 2012|url-status=dead}}{{cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2011-05/12/ground-effect-train|title=Robot plane-train uses ground-effect principle to levitate|access-date=7 December 2011|magazine=Wired|date=12 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111121122706/http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2011-05/12/ground-effect-train|archive-date=21 November 2011|url-status=dead}}

| Faster trains

| Aérotrain, Duke Hospital PRT, Hovercraft

| Prototypes

| Air travel with low fuel consumption

| Airlander 10

|Research, development, prototypes{{Cite journal |last1=Masuyama |first1=K. |last2=Barrett |first2=S. R. H. |year=2013 |title=On the performance of electrohydrodynamic propulsion |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |volume=469 |issue=2154 |page=20120623 |bibcode=2013RSPSA.46920623M |doi=10.1098/rspa.2012.0623 |doi-access=free}}{{cite web |title=Electrohydrodynamic effect offers promise for efficient propulsion in air |url=http://lae.mit.edu/ehd/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918184304/http://lae.mit.edu/ehd/ |archive-date=18 September 2015}}

|Better flying transportation, efficient propulsion in air

|Electrohydrodynamics

| Early commercialization, prototypes{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/newzealand/7307195/Flying-into-the-future-New-Zealand-company-to-make-personal-jet-packs.html|title=Flying into the future: New Zealand company to make personal jet packs|access-date=6 December 2011|work=The Telegraph|date=24 February 2010|archive-date=29 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111129032500/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/newzealand/7307195/Flying-into-the-future-New-Zealand-company-to-make-personal-jet-packs.html|url-status=live}}

| More effective individual transportation

| Research, early commercialization, diffusion{{cite news|url=http://www.cnngo.com/shanghai/life/china-maglev-train-hits-1200-kph-636051|title=China scientists claim 1,200 km/h train|access-date=7 December 2011|publisher=CNN|date=1 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111126112352/http://www.cnngo.com/shanghai/life/china-maglev-train-hits-1200-kph-636051|archive-date=26 November 2011|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|url=http://www.shanghaidaily.com/sp/article/2010/201008/20100803/article_445162.htm|title=Laboratory working on train to run at 1,000 km/h|access-date=7 December 2011|publisher=Shanghai Daily|date=3 August 2010|archive-date=17 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117013919/http://www.shanghaidaily.com/sp/article/2010/201008/20100803/article_445162.htm|url-status=live}}

| Faster trains

| Transrapid, Shanghai Maglev Train, Linimo

| Research, development, Commercialization (Maglev Train)

| High temperature superconductivity, cryogenics, low temperature refrigerators, superconducting magnet design and construction, fiber reinforced plastics for vehicles and structural concretes, communication and high power solid-state controls, vehicle design (aerodynamics and noise mitigation), precision manufacturing, construction and fabrication of concrete structures,{{cite web |title= The Potential for Maglev Applications |publisher= about.com |url= http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrailroad5.htm |archive-url= https://archive.today/20120710024440/http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrailroad5.htm |url-status= dead |archive-date= 10 July 2012 }} maglev car, maglev based spacecraft launch

| Vactrain, Levicar

| Research, development, prototypes{{Cite news |date=2023-07-13 |title=The US military revives an idea for stealthy sea power |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-65958967 |access-date=2023-11-09}}

| Marine Propulsion, Aircraft Propulsion, Spacecraft Propulsion

| Yamato 1

| Prototypes

|

|

|Research, development

|Deep-space missions with larger payloads, satellite life extension, lowering cost per kg launched to space

|

| Early commercialization, diffusion{{cite news|url=http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/20/pod-cars-start-to-gain-traction-in-some-cities/?partner=rss&emc=rss|title=Pod Cars Start to Gain Traction in Some Cities|access-date=7 December 2011|work=The New York Times|date=20 September 2010|archive-date=12 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512122028/http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/20/pod-cars-start-to-gain-traction-in-some-cities/?partner=rss&emc=rss|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7148731.stm|title=Are driverless pods the future?|access-date=7 December 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=18 December 2007|archive-date=17 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217042735/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7148731.stm|url-status=live}}

| More effective transportation

| Morgantown PRT, ULTra

| Research[http://phys.org/news/2012-10-physical-internet-profits-carbon-emissions.html Physical Internet would increase profits, reduce carbon emissions, study finds] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127045702/http://phys.org/news/2012-10-physical-internet-profits-carbon-emissions.html |date=27 January 2013 }}. Phys.org. Retrieved on 21 July 2013.

|

|

| Commercialization

| Increased density{{cite web | title=The Disgraceful Dockless Drama: What Dockless Bikes/Scooters Are Exposing | website=Have A Go | date=2018-04-18 | url=http://haveago.city/disgraceful-dockless-drama/ | access-date=2018-06-04 | archive-date=29 May 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529074917/http://haveago.city/disgraceful-dockless-drama/ | url-status=live }}

| Bird (company)

| Research, development{{cite news |date=16 August 2010 |title=How vactrains work |work=The Seattle Times|url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/living/2012635431_webstuff17.html |url-status=live |access-date=7 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100922110935/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/living/2012635431_webstuff17.html |archive-date=22 September 2010}}

| Faster way to get somewhere

| ET3 Global Alliance, Hyperloop

|Research and development

|Spacecraft propulsion

|

|Research and development; one prototype flown in 2008Norris, G., "Pulse Power: Pulse Detonation Engine-powered Flight Demonstration Marks Milestone in Mojave," Aviation Week & Space Technology, Vol. 168, No. 7, 2008, pp. 60.

|Higher-efficiency propulsion

|

| Prototype

| Supersonic air travel over land

|

| Research, development, early commercialization

| Computer-driven vehicles, more effective transportation. | Reducing concerns of tiredness while driving and also looking outside in the car. Helpful in countries where employment of personal drivers is expensive.

| Waymo, Tesla FSD

| Research{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/11/04/AR2009110405052.html|title=Robot passes test in space elevator contest|access-date=19 November 2011|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=5 November 2009|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402193452/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/11/04/AR2009110405052.html|url-status=live}}

|Non-rocket spacelaunch

| Orbital ring, Sky hook, Space fountain

| Research, development{{cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/plans-to-develop-space-plane-are-go/story-e6frg6so-1111117793952|title=Plans to develop space-plane are go|access-date=7 December 2011|publisher=The Australian|date=20 October 2008}}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-13506289|title=UK Skylon spaceplane passes key review|access-date=7 December 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=24 May 2011|archive-date=20 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120051936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-13506289|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/money_co/2011/11/x37b-space-plane-air-force.html|title=Air Force says it's extending mission of mysterious X-37B|access-date=7 December 2011|work=Los Angeles Times|date=29 November 2011|archive-date=9 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209132437/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/money_co/2011/11/x37b-space-plane-air-force.html|url-status=live}}

| Hypersonic transport

| A2, Skylon

| Research and development, some diffusion

| Traffic management, automatic accommodation of emergency vehicles, driver assistance systems, automated highways

| Artificial Passenger, Dedicated short-range communications, Intelligent transportation system