Login
Login

Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/5/People/Philosophers, historians, political and social scientists

{{Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/Nav bar/5/People}}

Vital articles is a list of subjects for which Wikipedia should have corresponding high-quality articles. It serves as a centralized watchlist to track the status of Wikipedia's most essential articles. This is one of the sub-lists of the fifty thousand article Vital articles/Level 5 and is currently under construction.

{{Wikipedia:Vital articles 5/Labels}}

{{TOC left}}

{{clear}}

Quota 1,400 articles.

Total 1,350 articles.

class="wikitable sortable"
Class#Articles
{{Icon|FA}} FA13
{{Icon|GA}} GA51
{{Icon|B}} B297
{{Icon|C}} C535
{{Icon|FFA}} FFA10
{{Icon|DGA}} DGA18
{{Icon|Start}} Start447
{{Icon|Stub}} Stub7

=Philosophers, historians, political and social scientists=

{{Vital article count|1350}}

Philosophers

{{Vital article count|0}}

Ancient (before AD 500)

{{Vital article count|55}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Anaxagoras
  2. {{Icon|B}} Anaximander
  3. {{Icon|GA}} Anaximenes of Miletus
  4. {{Icon|C}} Antisthenes
  5. {{Icon|C}} Aristoxenus
  6. {{Icon|GA}} Aristotle (Level 3)
  7. {{Icon|B}} Augustine of Hippo (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Carneades
  9. {{Icon|B}} Cicero (Level 3)
  10. {{Icon|B}} Confucius (Level 3)
  11. {{Icon|B}} Democritus (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} Diogenes (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Dong Zhongshu
  14. {{Icon|B}} Empedocles
  15. {{Icon|C}} Epictetus
  16. {{Icon|GA}} Epicurus (Level 4)
  17. {{Icon|GA}} Gārgī Vāchaknavī
  18. {{Icon|Start}} Gongsun Long
  19. {{Icon|C}} Gorgias
  20. {{Icon|C}} Han Fei (Level 4)
  21. {{Icon|B}} Heraclitus (Level 4)
  22. {{Icon|C}} Hui Shi
  23. {{Icon|C}} Iamblichus
  24. {{Icon|C}} Kaṇāda (Level 4)
  25. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Laozi (Level 3)
  26. {{Icon|C}} Li Si (Level 4)
  27. {{Icon|C}} Lucretius (Level 4)
  28. {{Icon|GA}} Maitreyi
  29. {{Icon|C}} Mencius (Level 4)
  30. {{Icon|C}} Mozi
  31. {{Icon|C}} Parmenides
  32. {{Icon|B}} Philo
  33. {{Icon|B}} Plato (Level 3)
  34. {{Icon|C}} Plotinus (Level 4)
  35. {{Icon|C}} Porphyry of Tyre
  36. {{Icon|C}} Posidonius
  37. {{Icon|C}} Proclus
  38. {{Icon|B}} Protagoras
  39. {{Icon|Start}} Ptahhotep
  40. {{Icon|C}} Pyrrho
  41. {{Icon|C}} Seneca the Younger (Level 4)
  42. {{Icon|C}} Shang Yang (Level 4)
  43. {{Icon|B}} Shen Buhai
  44. {{Icon|C}} Shen Dao
  45. {{Icon|GA}} Socrates (Level 3)
  46. {{Icon|B}} Thales of Miletus (Level 4)
  47. {{Icon|C}} Theophrastus
  48. {{Icon|Start}} Vātsyāyana
  49. {{Icon|B}} Xenophanes
  50. {{Icon|B}} Xunzi (philosopher) (Level 4)
  51. {{Icon|C}} Yang Zhu
  52. {{Icon|B}} Zeno of Citium
  53. {{Icon|GA}} Zeno of Elea
  54. {{Icon|C}} Zhuang Zhou
  55. {{Icon|Start}} Zou Yan

{{Div col end}}

Post-classical (AD 500 to 1500)

{{Vital article count|29}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Peter Abelard (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Albert of Saxony (philosopher)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Alcuin
  4. {{Icon|B}} Avempace
  5. {{Icon|GA}} Averroes (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|B}} Roger Bacon
  7. {{Icon|B}} Boethius
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Jean Buridan
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Cheng Hao
  10. {{Icon|Stub}} Cheng Yi (philosopher)
  11. {{Icon|Start}} Hasdai Crescas
  12. {{Icon|B}} Duns Scotus (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Francesc Eiximenis
  14. {{Icon|C}} John Scotus Eriugena
  15. {{Icon|B}} Al-Farabi (Level 4)
  16. {{Icon|C}} Robert Grosseteste
  17. {{Icon|B}} Heloise
  18. {{Icon|B}} Ramon Llull
  19. {{Icon|C}} Lu Jiuyuan
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Marsilius of Inghen
  21. {{Icon|B}} Nicole Oresme
  22. {{Icon|C}} John Philoponus
  23. {{Icon|Start}} Prabhākara
  24. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Thomas Aquinas (Level 3)
  25. {{Icon|C}} Vāchaspati Misra
  26. {{Icon|C}} William of Ockham (Level 4)
  27. {{Icon|C}} Zhang Zai
  28. {{Icon|C}} Zhou Dunyi
  29. {{Icon|C}} Zhu Xi (Level 4)

{{Div col end}}

Early modern (AD 1500 to 1800)

{{Vital article count|36}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Judah Leon Abravanel
  2. {{Icon|B}} Francis Bacon (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Pierre Bayle
  4. {{Icon|B}} Jeremy Bentham (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} George Berkeley (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|C}} Jakob Böhme
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Jean Bodin
  8. {{Icon|B}} Jean-Baptiste de Boyer, Marquis d'Argens
  9. {{Icon|B}} Giordano Bruno (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|C}} Thomas Cajetan
  11. {{Icon|C}} Marquis de Condorcet
  12. {{Icon|Start}} Dai Zhen
  13. {{Icon|B}} René Descartes (Level 3)
  14. {{Icon|C}} Denis Diderot (Level 4)
  15. {{Icon|B}} Erasmus (Level 4)
  16. {{Icon|Start}} Adam Ferguson
  17. {{Icon|C}} Johann Gottlieb Fichte (Level 4)
  18. {{Icon|Start}} Marsilio Ficino
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Claude Adrien Helvétius
  20. {{Icon|C}} Johann Gottfried Herder
  21. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} David Hume (Level 4)
  22. {{Icon|B}} Immanuel Kant (Level 3)
  23. {{Icon|Start}} Jean de La Bruyère
  24. {{Icon|Start}} Julien Offray de La Mettrie
  25. {{Icon|C}} Nicolas Malebranche
  26. {{Icon|C}} Nicholas of Cusa
  27. {{Icon|C}} Thomas Reid
  28. {{Icon|Start}} Johann Reuchlin
  29. {{Icon|C}} Jean-Jacques Rousseau (Level 4)
  30. {{Icon|B}} Baruch Spinoza (Level 4)
  31. {{Icon|Start}} Dugald Stewart
  32. {{Icon|C}} Giambattista Vico
  33. {{Icon|C}} Francisco de Vitoria
  34. {{Icon|C}} Wang Yangming (Level 4)
  35. {{Icon|C}} Adam Weishaupt
  36. {{Icon|Start}} Zera Yacob (philosopher)

{{Div col end}}

Modern (after AD 1800)

{{Vital article count|173}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

=Africa =

{{Vital article count|3}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Kwame Anthony Appiah
  2. {{Icon|Start}} John McDowell
  3. {{Icon|C}} Kwasi Wiredu

=Americas =

{{Vital article count|44}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} William Alston
  2. {{Icon|C}} Mario Bunge
  3. {{Icon|B}} Judith Butler
  4. {{Icon|C}} Patricia Churchland
  5. {{Icon|C}} Mary Daly
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Donald Davidson (philosopher)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Daniel Dennett
  8. {{Icon|B}} John Dewey (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Hubert Dreyfus
  10. {{Icon|C}} Ronald Dworkin
  11. {{Icon|B}} Ralph Waldo Emerson (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|B}} Frantz Fanon (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|Start}} John Fiske (philosopher)
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Vilém Flusser
  15. {{Icon|GA}} Jerry Fodor
  16. {{Icon|C}} Rebecca Goldstein
  17. {{Icon|B}} Donna Haraway
  18. {{Icon|B}} Sam Harris
  19. {{Icon|C}} Douglas Hofstadter
  20. {{Icon|C}} William James (Level 4)
  21. {{Icon|C}} Saul Kripke
  22. {{Icon|C}} Thomas Kuhn
  23. {{Icon|C}} David Lewis (philosopher)
  24. {{Icon|C}} Bernard Lonergan
  25. {{Icon|B}} Marshall McLuhan (Level 4)
  26. {{Icon|Start}} Thomas Nagel
  27. {{Icon|C}} Robert Nozick
  28. {{Icon|B}} Martha Nussbaum
  29. {{Icon|C}} Leonard Peikoff
  30. {{Icon|B}} Charles Sanders Peirce (Level 4)
  31. {{Icon|C}} Robert M. Pirsig
  32. {{Icon|B}} Alvin Plantinga
  33. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Hilary Putnam
  34. {{Icon|C}} Willard Van Orman Quine
  35. {{Icon|C}} John Rawls (Level 4)
  36. {{Icon|Start}} José Enrique Rodó
  37. {{Icon|B}} Richard Rorty
  38. {{Icon|C}} Josiah Royce
  39. {{Icon|B}} John Searle
  40. {{Icon|C}} Charles Taylor (philosopher)
  41. {{Icon|C}} Judith Jarvis Thomson
  42. {{Icon|B}} Henry David Thoreau (Level 4)
  43. {{Icon|C}} José Vasconcelos
  44. {{Icon|B}} Cornel West

=Asia =

{{Vital article count|11}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Surendranath Dasgupta
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Feng Youlan
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Ikki Kita
  4. {{Icon|B}} Jiddu Krishnamurti
  5. {{Icon|C}} Kitaro Nishida
  6. {{Icon|C}} Mou Zongsan
  7. {{Icon|C}} Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
  8. {{Icon|C}} Tang Chun-i
  9. {{Icon|C}} Xiong Shili
  10. {{Icon|C}} Hajime Tanabe
  11. {{Icon|Start}} Yan Fu

=Europe =

{{Vital article count|113}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Giorgio Agamben
  2. {{Icon|B}} Louis Althusser
  3. {{Icon|C}} G. E. M. Anscombe
  4. {{Icon|GA}} Hannah Arendt (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Raymond Aron
  6. {{Icon|C}} J. L. Austin
  7. {{Icon|C}} A. J. Ayer
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Gaston Bachelard
  9. {{Icon|C}} Alain Badiou
  10. {{Icon|C}} Georges Bataille
  11. {{Icon|B}} Simone de Beauvoir (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|B}} Henri Bergson (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|C}} Isaiah Berlin (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Simon Blackburn
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Maurice Blanchot
  16. {{Icon|C}} Bernard Bosanquet (philosopher)
  17. {{Icon|B}} Nick Bostrom
  18. {{Icon|C}} F. H. Bradley
  19. {{Icon|C}} Franz Brentano
  20. {{Icon|C}} Martin Buber
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Ludwig Büchner
  22. {{Icon|Start}} Georges Canguilhem
  23. {{Icon|GA}} Thomas Carlyle
  24. {{Icon|C}} Rudolf Carnap
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Ernst Cassirer
  26. {{Icon|Start}} Pyotr Chaadayev
  27. {{Icon|B}} Houston Stewart Chamberlain
  28. {{Icon|Start}} Nikolay Chernyshevsky
  29. {{Icon|C}} Emil Cioran
  30. {{Icon|C}} R. G. Collingwood
  31. {{Icon|B}} Auguste Comte (Level 4)
  32. {{Icon|B}} Benjamin Constant
  33. {{Icon|B}} Victor Cousin
  34. {{Icon|C}} Benedetto Croce
  35. {{Icon|B}} Gilles Deleuze
  36. {{Icon|B}} Jacques Derrida (Level 4)
  37. {{Icon|Start}} Pierre Duhem
  38. {{Icon|Start}} Rudolf Christoph Eucken
  39. {{Icon|B}} Julius Evola
  40. {{Icon|C}} Ludwig Feuerbach
  41. {{Icon|B}} Paul Feyerabend
  42. {{Icon|C}} Mark Fisher
  43. {{Icon|B}} Antony Flew
  44. {{Icon|Start}} Pavel Florensky
  45. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Michel Foucault (Level 4)
  46. {{Icon|C}} Nikolai Fyodorov (philosopher)
  47. {{Icon|C}} Hans-Georg Gadamer
  48. {{Icon|B}} A. C. Grayling
  49. {{Icon|Start}} T. H. Green
  50. {{Icon|Start}} Félix Guattari
  51. {{Icon|B}} Jürgen Habermas (Level 4)
  52. {{Icon|Start}} R. M. Hare
  53. {{Icon|GA}} Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (Level 4)
  54. {{Icon|C}} Martin Heidegger (Level 4)
  55. {{Icon|C}} Johann Friedrich Herbart
  56. {{Icon|C}} John Hick
  57. {{Icon|Start}} Jaakko Hintikka
  58. {{Icon|Start}} Friedrich Hölderlin
  59. {{Icon|B}} Edmund Husserl (Level 4)
  60. {{Icon|C}} Karl Jaspers
  61. {{Icon|Start}} Aleksey Khomyakov
  62. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Søren Kierkegaard (Level 4)
  63. {{Icon|C}} Julia Kristeva
  64. {{Icon|C}} Imre Lakatos
  65. {{Icon|C}} Nick Land
  66. {{Icon|C}} Emmanuel Levinas
  67. {{Icon|C}} Bernard-Henri Lévy
  68. {{Icon|C}} Hermann Lotze
  69. {{Icon|Start}} Karl Löwith
  70. {{Icon|B}} Jean-François Lyotard
  71. {{Icon|C}} György Lukács
  72. {{Icon|Start}} Alasdair MacIntyre
  73. {{Icon|C}} Gabriel Marcel
  74. {{Icon|C}} Jacques Maritain
  75. {{Icon|C}} Maurice Merleau-Ponty
  76. {{Icon|B}} Mary Midgley
  77. {{Icon|C}} John Stuart Mill (Level 4)
  78. {{Icon|C}} G. E. Moore
  79. {{Icon|C}} Jean-Luc Nancy
  80. {{Icon|C}} Otto Neurath
  81. {{Icon|B}} Friedrich Nietzsche (Level 3)
  82. {{Icon|C}} Michel Onfray
  83. {{Icon|C}} José Ortega y Gasset
  84. {{Icon|C}} Derek Parfit
  85. {{Icon|Start}} Michael Polanyi
  86. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Karl Popper (Level 4)
  87. {{Icon|B}} Paul Ricœur
  88. {{Icon|B}} Alfred Rosenberg
  89. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Bertrand Russell (Level 4)
  90. {{Icon|C}} Gilbert Ryle
  91. {{Icon|C}} George Santayana
  92. {{Icon|C}} Jean-Paul Sartre (Level 4)
  93. {{Icon|C}} Max Scheler
  94. {{Icon|C}} Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
  95. {{Icon|B}} Friedrich Schleiermacher
  96. {{Icon|C}} Moritz Schlick
  97. {{Icon|B}} Arthur Schopenhauer (Level 4)
  98. {{Icon|B}} Albert Schweitzer
  99. {{Icon|B}} Roger Scruton
  100. {{Icon|Start}} Lev Shestov
  101. {{Icon|C}} Vladimir Solovyov (philosopher)
  102. {{Icon|C}} Oswald Spengler
  103. {{Icon|B}} Rudolf Steiner
  104. {{Icon|Start}} Bernard Stiegler
  105. {{Icon|B}} Max Stirner
  106. {{Icon|C}} Miguel de Unamuno
  107. {{Icon|C}} Alan Watts
  108. {{Icon|B}} Simone Weil
  109. {{Icon|Start}} William Whewell
  110. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Alfred North Whitehead (Level 4)
  111. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Bernard Williams
  112. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Ludwig Wittgenstein (Level 4)
  113. {{Icon|B}} Slavoj Žižek

=Oceania =

{{Vital article count|2}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} J. L. Mackie
  2. {{Icon|B}} Peter Singer

{{Div col end}}

Historians

{{Vital article count|0}}

Ancient (before AD 500)

{{Vital article count|26}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Arrian
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Ban Gu
  3. {{Icon|C}} Ban Zhao
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Cassius Dio
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Lucius Cincius Alimentus
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Quintus Curtius Rufus
  7. {{Icon|C}} Eusebius (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Quintus Fabius Pictor
  9. {{Icon|C}} Herodian
  10. {{Icon|C}} Herodotus (Level 3)
  11. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Josephus (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} Livy
  13. {{Icon|C}} Manetho
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Megasthenes
  15. {{Icon|C}} Pamphile of Epidaurus
  16. {{Icon|C}} Plutarch (Level 4)
  17. {{Icon|C}} Polybius
  18. {{Icon|C}} Sallust
  19. {{Icon|C}} Sima Qian (Level 4)
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Socrates of Constantinople
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Sozomen
  22. {{Icon|Start}} Suetonius
  23. {{Icon|B}} Tacitus (Level 4)
  24. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Thucydides (Level 4)
  25. {{Icon|C}} Xenophon (Level 4)
  26. {{Icon|Start}} Zuo Qiuming

{{Div col end}}

Post-classical (AD 500 to 1500)

{{Vital article count|12}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|GA}} Bede (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Jean Froissart (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Geoffrey of Monmouth (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|B}} Gregory of Tours
  5. {{Icon|C}} Ibn Khaldun (Level 3)
  6. {{Icon|B}} Anna Komnene
  7. {{Icon|C}} Al-Masudi
  8. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|DGA}} Procopius
  9. {{Icon|C}} Michael Psellos
  10. {{Icon|C}} Rashid al-Din Hamadani
  11. {{Icon|C}} Sima Guang
  12. {{Icon|Start}} Snorri Sturluson

{{Div col end}}

Early modern (AD 1500 to 1800)

{{Vital article count|15}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Abul Fazl
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Pierre Claude François Daunou
  3. {{Icon|B}} Peter Force
  4. {{Icon|C}} Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
  5. {{Icon|B}} Edward Gibbon (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|B}} François Guizot
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Hyacinth (Bichurin)
  8. {{Icon|B}} Johannes Magnus
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Johannes Messenius
  10. {{Icon|Start}} John of Ephesus
  11. {{Icon|C}} Nikolay Karamzin (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} James Mill
  13. {{Icon|C}} Matrakçı Nasuh
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Sai On
  15. {{Icon|C}} Julius Wellhausen

{{Div col end}}

Modern (after AD 1800)

{{Vital article count|130}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Brooks Adams
  2. {{Icon|C}} Henry Adams
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Stephen E. Ambrose
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Charles McLean Andrews
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Philippe Ariès
  6. {{Icon|Start}} François Victor Alphonse Aulard
  7. {{Icon|Start}} George Bancroft
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Vasily Bartold
  9. {{Icon|C}} Jacques Barzun
  10. {{Icon|C}} Charles Bean
  11. {{Icon|B}} Charles A. Beard (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|Start}} Antony Beevor
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Samuel Flagg Bemis
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Ernst Bernheim
  15. {{Icon|C}} Geoffrey Blainey
  16. {{Icon|GA}} Marc Bloch
  17. {{Icon|C}} Daniel J. Boorstin
  18. {{Icon|Start}} Randolph L. Braham
  19. {{Icon|C}} Fernand Braudel (Level 4)
  20. {{Icon|Start}} James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce
  21. {{Icon|C}} Robert Caro
  22. {{Icon|C}} E. H. Carr
  23. {{Icon|Start}} Bruce Catton
  24. {{Icon|Stub}} Dipesh Chakrabarty
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Edward Channing
  26. {{Icon|C}} Ron Chernow
  27. {{Icon|B}} Manning Clark
  28. {{Icon|Start}} Henry Steele Commager
  29. {{Icon|C}} Robert Conquest
  30. {{Icon|C}} John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton
  31. {{Icon|Start}} Bernard DeVoto
  32. {{Icon|C}} Cheikh Anta Diop
  33. {{Icon|Start}} Johann Gustav Droysen
  34. {{Icon|Start}} Georges Duby
  35. {{Icon|C}} Ariel Durant
  36. {{Icon|C}} Will Durant
  37. {{Icon|C}} Elizabeth Eisenstein
  38. {{Icon|B}} Mircea Eliade
  39. {{Icon|GA}} Elizabeth F. Ellet
  40. {{Icon|C}} Richard J. Evans
  41. {{Icon|Start}} Lucien Febvre
  42. {{Icon|C}} Niall Ferguson
  43. {{Icon|C}} Robert Fogel
  44. {{Icon|Start}} Eric Foner
  45. {{Icon|C}} John Hope Franklin
  46. {{Icon|C}} Douglas Southall Freeman
  47. {{Icon|Start}} Egon Friedell
  48. {{Icon|B}} James Anthony Froude
  49. {{Icon|Start}} Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges
  50. {{Icon|C}} Samuel Rawson Gardiner
  51. {{Icon|Start}} Eugene Genovese
  52. {{Icon|Start}} Pieter Geyl
  53. {{Icon|Start}} Carlo Ginzburg
  54. {{Icon|C}} Yuval Noah Harari
  55. {{Icon|Start}} Karl von Hegel
  56. {{Icon|Start}} Christopher Hill (historian)
  57. {{Icon|C}} Eric Hobsbawm (Level 4)
  58. {{Icon|B}} Richard Hofstadter
  59. {{Icon|Start}} Michael Howard (historian)
  60. {{Icon|C}} Mykhailo Hrushevsky
  61. {{Icon|C}} Huang Xianfan
  62. {{Icon|Start}} Johan Huizinga
  63. {{Icon|C}} Walter Isaacson
  64. {{Icon|B}} C. L. R. James
  65. {{Icon|C}} Ibram X. Kendi
  66. {{Icon|Start}} Ian Kershaw
  67. {{Icon|Start}} Karl Lamprecht
  68. {{Icon|C}} Philippa Langley
  69. {{Icon|C}} Marcia Langton
  70. {{Icon|Start}} Jacques Le Goff
  71. {{Icon|Start}} Georges Lefebvre
  72. {{Icon|B}} Bernard Lewis
  73. {{Icon|C}} Elizabeth Longford
  74. {{Icon|B}} Thomas Babington Macaulay
  75. {{Icon|Start}} Stuart Macintyre
  76. {{Icon|Start}} Frederic William Maitland
  77. {{Icon|Start}} Manning Marable
  78. {{Icon|B}} David McCullough
  79. {{Icon|Start}} J. R. McNeill
  80. {{Icon|Start}} William H. McNeill
  81. {{Icon|B}} Joe Medicine Crow
  82. {{Icon|C}} Jules Michelet
  83. {{Icon|Start}} Samuel Eliot Morison
  84. {{Icon|B}} Benny Morris
  85. {{Icon|C}} Jan Morris
  86. {{Icon|C}} John Lothrop Motley
  87. {{Icon|Start}} Lewis Namier
  88. {{Icon|Start}} Allan Nevins
  89. {{Icon|Start}} František Palacký
  90. {{Icon|C}} Ilan Pappé
  91. {{Icon|Start}} Francis Parkman
  92. {{Icon|B}} Vernon Louis Parrington
  93. {{Icon|Start}} Robert Paxton
  94. {{Icon|C}} Henri Pirenne
  95. {{Icon|GA}} William H. Prescott
  96. {{Icon|Start}} Benjamin Arthur Quarles
  97. {{Icon|C}} Leopold von Ranke (Level 4)
  98. {{Icon|B}} Ernest Renan
  99. {{Icon|Start}} James Harvey Robinson
  100. {{Icon|C}} Simon Schama
  101. {{Icon|Start}} Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr.
  102. {{Icon|Start}} Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
  103. {{Icon|C}} Avi Shlaim
  104. {{Icon|C}} Quentin Skinner
  105. {{Icon|C}} Timothy Snyder
  106. {{Icon|Start}} Albert Soboul
  107. {{Icon|Start}} Sergey Solovyov (historian)
  108. {{Icon|C}} Jared Sparks
  109. {{Icon|GA}} David Starkey
  110. {{Icon|Start}} Lawrence Stone
  111. {{Icon|C}} Lytton Strachey
  112. {{Icon|C}} Susan Stryker
  113. {{Icon|C}} R. H. Tawney
  114. {{Icon|C}} A. J. P. Taylor (Level 4)
  115. {{Icon|Start}} Studs Terkel
  116. {{Icon|B}} E. P. Thompson
  117. {{Icon|C}} Arnold J. Toynbee
  118. {{Icon|Start}} Trần Trọng Kim
  119. {{Icon|Start}} Heinrich von Treitschke
  120. {{Icon|C}} G. M. Trevelyan
  121. {{Icon|Start}} Hugh Trevor-Roper
  122. {{Icon|C}} Barbara W. Tuchman
  123. {{Icon|C}} Frederick Jackson Turner (Level 4)
  124. {{Icon|C}} Shoqan Walikhanov
  125. {{Icon|Start}} Richard Wolin
  126. {{Icon|C}} Carter G. Woodson
  127. {{Icon|Start}} C. Vann Woodward
  128. {{Icon|C}} Wu Han (historian)
  129. {{Icon|C}} Yu Ying-shih
  130. {{Icon|C}} Howard Zinn

{{Div col end}}

Social scientists

{{Vital article count|0}}

Economists and business theorists

{{Vital article count|138}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} George Akerlof
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Maurice Allais
  3. {{Icon|C}} Kenneth Arrow
  4. {{Icon|C}} Emily Greene Balch
  5. {{Icon|C}} Abhijit Banerjee
  6. {{Icon|C}} Frédéric Bastiat
  7. {{Icon|C}} Gary Becker
  8. {{Icon|C}} Ben Bernanke
  9. {{Icon|B}} William Beveridge
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Fischer Black
  11. {{Icon|Start}} Olivier Blanchard
  12. {{Icon|Start}} John Bowring
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Lujo Brentano
  14. {{Icon|B}} James M. Buchanan
  15. {{Icon|C}} Arthur F. Burns
  16. {{Icon|FA}} Richard Cantillon
  17. {{Icon|C}} Ha-Joon Chang
  18. {{Icon|B}} Ronald Coase
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Angus Deaton
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Gérard Debreu
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Peter Diamond
  22. {{Icon|B}} Esther Duflo
  23. {{Icon|Start}} Robert F. Engle
  24. {{Icon|C}} Eugene Fama
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Henri Fayol
  26. {{Icon|C}} Irving Fisher
  27. {{Icon|GA}} Milton Friedman (Level 4)
  28. {{Icon|B}} Ragnar Frisch
  29. {{Icon|B}} John Kenneth Galbraith (Level 4)
  30. {{Icon|B}} Henry George
  31. {{Icon|B}} Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen
  32. {{Icon|Start}} Hermann Heinrich Gossen
  33. {{Icon|C}} Clive Granger
  34. {{Icon|B}} Alan Greenspan
  35. {{Icon|Start}} Trygve Haavelmo
  36. {{Icon|Start}} Alvin Hansen
  37. {{Icon|Start}} Lars Peter Hansen
  38. {{Icon|Start}} John Harsanyi
  39. {{Icon|Start}} Oliver Hart (economist)
  40. {{Icon|B}} Friedrich Hayek (Level 4)
  41. {{Icon|Start}} James Heckman
  42. {{Icon|Start}} Eli Heckscher
  43. {{Icon|Start}} John Hicks
  44. {{Icon|Start}} Albert O. Hirschman
  45. {{Icon|Start}} J. A. Hobson
  46. {{Icon|Start}} Bengt Holmström
  47. {{Icon|B}} Leonid Hurwicz
  48. {{Icon|C}} William Stanley Jevons
  49. {{Icon|C}} Michał Kalecki
  50. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|DGA}} John Maynard Keynes (Level 4)
  51. {{Icon|C}} Lawrence Klein
  52. {{Icon|Start}} Tjalling Koopmans
  53. {{Icon|GA}} Michael Kremer
  54. {{Icon|B}} Paul Krugman
  55. {{Icon|Start}} Simon Kuznets
  56. {{Icon|Start}} Finn E. Kydland
  57. {{Icon|Start}} Wassily Leontief
  58. {{Icon|C}} W. Arthur Lewis
  59. {{Icon|C}} Friedrich List (Level 4)
  60. {{Icon|C}} Robert Lucas Jr.
  61. {{Icon|B}} Thomas Robert Malthus (Level 4)
  62. {{Icon|C}} Harry Markowitz
  63. {{Icon|Start}} Alfred Marshall
  64. {{Icon|GA}} Karl Marx (Level 3)
  65. {{Icon|Start}} Eric Maskin
  66. {{Icon|Start}} Daniel McFadden
  67. {{Icon|Stub}} James Meade
  68. {{Icon|C}} Carl Menger
  69. {{Icon|Start}} Robert C. Merton
  70. {{Icon|Start}} Merton Miller
  71. {{Icon|Start}} James Mirrlees
  72. {{Icon|C}} Ludwig von Mises
  73. {{Icon|Start}} Wesley Clair Mitchell
  74. {{Icon|B}} Franco Modigliani
  75. {{Icon|Start}} Dale T. Mortensen
  76. {{Icon|B}} Dambisa Moyo, Baroness Moyo
  77. {{Icon|Start}} Robert Mundell
  78. {{Icon|Start}} Roger Myerson
  79. {{Icon|Start}} Gunnar Myrdal
  80. {{Icon|C}} William Nordhaus
  81. {{Icon|C}} Douglass North
  82. {{Icon|C}} Bertil Ohlin
  83. {{Icon|B}} Elinor Ostrom
  84. {{Icon|C}} Luca Pacioli
  85. {{Icon|C}} Vilfredo Pareto (Level 4)
  86. {{Icon|B}} William Petty
  87. {{Icon|Start}} Edmund Phelps
  88. {{Icon|Start}} Arthur Cecil Pigou
  89. {{Icon|C}} Thomas Piketty
  90. {{Icon|Start}} Christopher A. Pissarides
  91. {{Icon|Start}} Michael Porter
  92. {{Icon|Start}} Edward C. Prescott
  93. {{Icon|Start}} François Quesnay
  94. {{Icon|C}} Raghuram Rajan
  95. {{Icon|C}} David Ricardo (Level 4)
  96. {{Icon|C}} Joan Robinson
  97. {{Icon|C}} Paul Romer
  98. {{Icon|B}} Alvin E. Roth
  99. {{Icon|B}} Nouriel Roubini
  100. {{Icon|C}} Jeffrey Sachs
  101. {{Icon|C}} Paul Samuelson (Level 4)
  102. {{Icon|Start}} Thomas J. Sargent
  103. {{Icon|Start}} Jean-Baptiste Say
  104. {{Icon|C}} Hjalmar Schacht
  105. {{Icon|Start}} Thomas Schelling
  106. {{Icon|C}} Myron Scholes
  107. {{Icon|B}} E. F. Schumacher
  108. {{Icon|C}} Joseph Schumpeter
  109. {{Icon|Start}} Theodore Schultz
  110. {{Icon|Start}} Reinhard Selten
  111. {{Icon|C}} Amartya Sen
  112. {{Icon|Start}} William F. Sharpe
  113. {{Icon|C}} Robert J. Shiller
  114. {{Icon|B}} Herbert A. Simon
  115. {{Icon|Stub}} Christopher A. Sims
  116. {{Icon|B}} Adam Smith (Level 3)
  117. {{Icon|C}} Vernon L. Smith
  118. {{Icon|C}} Robert Solow
  119. {{Icon|C}} Werner Sombart
  120. {{Icon|Start}} Michael Spence
  121. {{Icon|B}} Piero Sraffa
  122. {{Icon|C}} George Stigler
  123. {{Icon|B}} Joseph Stiglitz
  124. {{Icon|Start}} Richard Stone
  125. {{Icon|B}} Lawrence Summers
  126. {{Icon|Start}} F. W. Taussig
  127. {{Icon|C}} Richard Thaler
  128. {{Icon|Start}} Jan Tinbergen
  129. {{Icon|C}} Jean Tirole
  130. {{Icon|B}} James Tobin
  131. {{Icon|Start}} Anne Robert Jacques Turgot
  132. {{Icon|C}} Yanis Varoufakis
  133. {{Icon|C}} Thorstein Veblen
  134. {{Icon|Start}} William Vickrey
  135. {{Icon|C}} Léon Walras
  136. {{Icon|Start}} Oliver E. Williamson
  137. {{Icon|B}} Janet Yellen
  138. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Muhammad Yunus

{{Div col end}}

Political scientists, theorists, and writers

{{Vital article count|56}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|GA}} Michel Aflaq
  2. {{Icon|C}} Benedict Anderson
  3. {{Icon|C}} Mikhail Bakunin (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|B}} Murray Bookchin
  5. {{Icon|C}} Harry Browne
  6. {{Icon|C}} Zbigniew Brzezinski
  7. {{Icon|C}} Ralph Bunche
  8. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Edmund Burke (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|C}} Chanakya (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|C}} Anders Chydenius
  11. {{Icon|C}} Anacharsis Cloots
  12. {{Icon|GA}} Joseph Déjacque
  13. {{Icon|C}} Aleksandr Dugin
  14. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Norman Finkelstein
  15. {{Icon|Start}} George Friedman
  16. {{Icon|B}} Francis Fukuyama
  17. {{Icon|C}} Ernest Gellner
  18. {{Icon|C}} Giovanni Gentile
  19. {{Icon|B}} William Godwin
  20. {{Icon|B}} Antonio Gramsci (Level 4)
  21. {{Icon|B}} Germaine Greer
  22. {{Icon|C}} Thomas Hobbes (Level 4)
  23. {{Icon|C}} Hu Shih
  24. {{Icon|B}} Samuel P. Huntington
  25. {{Icon|C}} Fredric Jameson
  26. {{Icon|C}} Kang Youwei
  27. {{Icon|C}} Karl Kautsky
  28. {{Icon|B}} Hugo Kołłątaj
  29. {{Icon|B}} Peter Kropotkin (Level 4)
  30. {{Icon|Start}} Christian Lous Lange
  31. {{Icon|B}} John Locke (Level 3)
  32. {{Icon|B}} Niccolò Machiavelli (Level 3)
  33. {{Icon|C}} Charles Maurras
  34. {{Icon|C}} Achille Mbembe
  35. {{Icon|GA}} Kate Millett
  36. {{Icon|C}} Montesquieu (Level 4)
  37. {{Icon|C}} Hans Morgenthau
  38. {{Icon|B}} Charles Murray (political scientist)
  39. {{Icon|B}} Thomas Paine (Level 4)
  40. {{Icon|C}} Frances Fox Piven
  41. {{Icon|Start}} Robert D. Putnam
  42. {{Icon|B}} Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (Level 4)
  43. {{Icon|GA}} Murray Rothbard
  44. {{Icon|B}} Karl Rove
  45. {{Icon|C}} James C. Scott
  46. {{Icon|C}} Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
  47. {{Icon|B}} Nate Silver
  48. {{Icon|C}} Thomas Sowell
  49. {{Icon|B}} Herbert Spencer (Level 4)
  50. {{Icon|Start}} Lysander Spooner
  51. {{Icon|C}} Leo Strauss
  52. {{Icon|B}} Alexis de Tocqueville (Level 4)
  53. {{Icon|Start}} Mario Tronti
  54. {{Icon|C}} Monique Wittig
  55. {{Icon|FA}} Mary Wollstonecraft (Level 3)
  56. {{Icon|Start}} Francis Parker Yockey

{{Div col end}}

Linguists

{{Vital article count|92}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Mikael Agricola
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Gabdulkhay Akhatov
  3. {{Icon|B}} Mikhail Bakhtin
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Charles Bally
  5. {{Icon|C}} Eliezer Ben-Yehuda
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Derek Bickerton
  7. {{Icon|B}} Leonard Bloomfield
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Andrzej Bogusławski
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Franz Bopp
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Cyrus Byington
  11. {{Icon|C}} Lyle Campbell
  12. {{Icon|GA}} {{Icon|FFA}} Noam Chomsky (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|C}} Eve V. Clark
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Henry Thomas Colebrooke
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Matija Čop
  16. {{Icon|C}} David Crystal
  17. {{Icon|C}} Sándor Kőrösi Csoma
  18. {{Icon|C}} Vladimir Dal
  19. {{Icon|C}} Robert M. W. Dixon
  20. {{Icon|GA}} Georges Dumézil
  21. {{Icon|C}} Penelope Eckert
  22. {{Icon|Start}} Herbert Giles
  23. {{Icon|C}} Jean Berko Gleason
  24. {{Icon|C}} Joseph Greenberg
  25. {{Icon|C}} Paul Grice
  26. {{Icon|C}} Mary Haas
  27. {{Icon|C}} Kenneth L. Hale
  28. {{Icon|Start}} Morris Halle
  29. {{Icon|C}} Michael Halliday
  30. {{Icon|Start}} Zellig Harris
  31. {{Icon|Start}} Irene Heim
  32. {{Icon|C}} James Curtis Hepburn
  33. {{Icon|Start}} Louis Hjelmslev
  34. {{Icon|C}} Wilhelm von Humboldt
  35. {{Icon|C}} Dell Hymes
  36. {{Icon|C}} Luce Irigaray
  37. {{Icon|Start}} Ray Jackendoff
  38. {{Icon|C}} Roman Jakobson
  39. {{Icon|Start}} Otto Jespersen
  40. {{Icon|C}} William Jones (philologist)
  41. {{Icon|B}} Vuk Karadžić
  42. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|FFA}} Athanasius Kircher
  43. {{Icon|Start}} Samuel Kleinschmidt
  44. {{Icon|Start}} Jernej Kopitar
  45. {{Icon|Start}} Emil Krebs
  46. {{Icon|Start}} William Labov
  47. {{Icon|C}} Peter Ladefoged
  48. {{Icon|B}} George Lakoff
  49. {{Icon|Start}} Juri Lotman
  50. {{Icon|B}} Mesrop Mashtots
  51. {{Icon|Start}} Bedřich Hrozný
  52. {{Icon|Start}} George M. McCune
  53. {{Icon|C}} John McWhorter
  54. {{Icon|Start}} Giuseppe Caspar Mezzofanti
  55. {{Icon|Start}} Marianne Mithun
  56. {{Icon|Start}} Max Müller
  57. {{Icon|C}} Antonio de Nebrija
  58. {{Icon|Start}} Johanna Nichols
  59. {{Icon|Start}} Marc Okrand
  60. {{Icon|C}} Pāṇini (Level 4)
  61. {{Icon|Start}} Barbara H. Partee
  62. {{Icon|Start}} David J. Peterson
  63. {{Icon|Start}} Paul Pimsleur
  64. {{Icon|GA}} Steven Pinker
  65. {{Icon|C}} Rasmus Rask
  66. {{Icon|B}} Edwin O. Reischauer
  67. {{Icon|C}} John R. Ross
  68. {{Icon|B}} Edward Sapir
  69. {{Icon|C}} Ferdinand de Saussure (Level 4)
  70. {{Icon|Start}} August Schleicher
  71. {{Icon|Start}} Johann Martin Schleyer
  72. {{Icon|C}} Sequoyah (Level 4)
  73. {{Icon|Start}} Michael Silverstein
  74. {{Icon|C}} Walter William Skeat
  75. {{Icon|Start}} William A. Smalley
  76. {{Icon|Start}} Sergei Starostin
  77. {{Icon|Start}} Morris Swadesh
  78. {{Icon|Start}} Michel Thomas
  79. {{Icon|Start}} Nikolai Trubetzkoy
  80. {{Icon|Start}} Keng Vannsak
  81. {{Icon|Start}} Michael Ventris
  82. {{Icon|Start}} Alexander Vovin
  83. {{Icon|Start}} Thomas Francis Wade
  84. {{Icon|C}} Noah Webster (Level 4)
  85. {{Icon|GA}} Benjamin Lee Whorf
  86. {{Icon|Start}} Anna Wierzbicka
  87. {{Icon|B}} Xu Shen
  88. {{Icon|Start}} Shong Lue Yang
  89. {{Icon|C}} L. L. Zamenhof
  90. {{Icon|B}} Zhou Youguang
  91. {{Icon|Start}} Pio Zirimu
  92. {{Icon|C}} Ghil'ad Zuckermann

{{Div col end}}

Sociologists

{{Vital article count|74}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Theodor W. Adorno (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Jean Baudrillard
  3. {{Icon|C}} Zygmunt Bauman
  4. {{Icon|C}} Ulrich Beck
  5. {{Icon|C}} Daniel Bell
  6. {{Icon|C}} Peter Blau
  7. {{Icon|B}} Pierre Bourdieu (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Manuel Castells
  9. {{Icon|C}} Nicholas Christakis
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Stanley Cohen (sociologist)
  11. {{Icon|C}} James Samuel Coleman
  12. {{Icon|C}} Charles Horton Cooley
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Vahakn Dadrian
  14. {{Icon|C}} Ralf Dahrendorf
  15. {{Icon|C}} Guy Debord
  16. {{Icon|B}} Wilhelm Dilthey
  17. {{Icon|FA}} W. E. B. Du Bois (Level 4)
  18. {{Icon|GA}} Émile Durkheim (Level 4)
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Norbert Elias
  20. {{Icon|C}} Friedrich Engels (Level 4)
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Fei Xiaotong
  22. {{Icon|C}} George Fitzhugh
  23. {{Icon|Start}} E. Franklin Frazier
  24. {{Icon|B}} Harold Garfinkel
  25. {{Icon|B}} Anthony Giddens
  26. {{Icon|GA}} Erving Goffman
  27. {{Icon|C}} Ziya Gökalp
  28. {{Icon|GA}} Paul Goodman
  29. {{Icon|C}} Jack Halberstam
  30. {{Icon|B}} Stuart Hall (cultural theorist)
  31. {{Icon|C}} George C. Homans
  32. {{Icon|C}} Max Horkheimer
  33. {{Icon|B}} Irawati Karve
  34. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|FFA}} Akhtar Hameed Khan
  35. {{Icon|Start}} Alexandre Lacassagne
  36. {{Icon|C}} Paul Lazarsfeld
  37. {{Icon|C}} Bruno Latour
  38. {{Icon|B}} Gustave Le Bon
  39. {{Icon|Start}} Yuri Levada
  40. {{Icon|C}} Seymour Martin Lipset
  41. {{Icon|Start}} Cesare Lombroso
  42. {{Icon|C}} Niklas Luhmann
  43. {{Icon|Start}} Karl Mannheim
  44. {{Icon|Start}} James G. March
  45. {{Icon|B}} Herbert Marcuse
  46. {{Icon|B}} Harriet Martineau
  47. {{Icon|C}} Marcel Mauss (Level 4)
  48. {{Icon|C}} George Herbert Mead
  49. {{Icon|C}} Fatema Mernissi
  50. {{Icon|C}} Robert K. Merton
  51. {{Icon|Start}} C. Wright Mills
  52. {{Icon|Start}} Lewis Mumford
  53. {{Icon|C}} Antonio Negri
  54. {{Icon|Start}} Robert E. Park
  55. {{Icon|C}} Talcott Parsons (Level 4)
  56. {{Icon|Start}} Pierre Guillaume Frédéric le Play
  57. {{Icon|C}} Saskia Sassen
  58. {{Icon|Start}} Ali Shariati
  59. {{Icon|Start}} Albion Woodbury Small
  60. {{Icon|B}} Georg Simmel
  61. {{Icon|C}} Henri de Saint-Simon
  62. {{Icon|Start}} Pitirim Sorokin
  63. {{Icon|C}} William Graham Sumner
  64. {{Icon|C}} Charles Tilly
  65. {{Icon|C}} Ferdinand Tönnies
  66. {{Icon|Start}} Immanuel Wallerstein
  67. {{Icon|Start}} Lester Frank Ward
  68. {{Icon|GA}} {{Icon|FFA}} Max Weber (Level 4)
  69. {{Icon|Start}} Edvard Westermarck
  70. {{Icon|C}} Harrison White
  71. {{Icon|C}} Raymond Williams
  72. {{Icon|Start}} Louis Wirth
  73. {{Icon|C}} Marvin Wolfgang
  74. {{Icon|GA}} Florian Znaniecki

{{Div col end}}

Anthropologists and archaeologists

{{Vital article count|93}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Lila Abu-Lughod
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Arjun Appadurai
  3. {{Icon|B}} John Aubrey
  4. {{Icon|C}} Su Bai
  5. {{Icon|C}} Robert Ballard
  6. {{Icon|C}} Gregory Bateson
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Giovanni Belzoni
  8. {{Icon|C}} Ruth Benedict
  9. {{Icon|C}} Lewis Binford
  10. {{Icon|C}} Hiram Bingham III
  11. {{Icon|C}} Davidson Black
  12. {{Icon|Start}} Carl Blegen
  13. {{Icon|C}} Franz Boas (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Dmitri Bondarenko
  15. {{Icon|Start}} James Henry Breasted
  16. {{Icon|C}} Howard Carter
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Alfonso Caso
  18. {{Icon|C}} Napoleon Chagnon
  19. {{Icon|GA}} Jean-François Champollion
  20. {{Icon|FA}} V. Gordon Childe
  21. {{Icon|GA}} Grahame Clark
  22. {{Icon|FA}} O. G. S. Crawford
  23. {{Icon|C}} Alexander Cunningham
  24. {{Icon|C}} Mary Douglas
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Eugène Dubois
  26. {{Icon|GA}} Ann Dunham
  27. {{Icon|Start}} Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt
  28. {{Icon|Start}} A. P. Elkin
  29. {{Icon|Start}} Arthur Evans
  30. {{Icon|Start}} E. E. Evans-Pritchard
  31. {{Icon|Start}} Paul Farmer
  32. {{Icon|C}} George R. Fischer
  33. {{Icon|Start}} James George Frazer
  34. {{Icon|C}} Manuel Gamio
  35. {{Icon|C}} Clifford Geertz (Level 4)
  36. {{Icon|Start}} Francis James Gillen
  37. {{Icon|B}} Marija Gimbutas
  38. {{Icon|B}} David Graeber
  39. {{Icon|Start}} Marvin Harris
  40. {{Icon|B}} Zahi Hawass
  41. {{Icon|C}} George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon
  42. {{Icon|Start}} Ian Hodder
  43. {{Icon|Start}} Earnest Hooton
  44. {{Icon|Start}} Arthur Keith
  45. {{Icon|C}} Kathleen Kenyon
  46. {{Icon|Start}} Anatoly Khazanov
  47. {{Icon|B}} Mary Kingsley
  48. {{Icon|B}} Adam František Kollár
  49. {{Icon|C}} Andrey Korotayev
  50. {{Icon|C}} Alfred Kroeber
  51. {{Icon|C}} Adam Kuper
  52. {{Icon|C}} Louis Leakey
  53. {{Icon|B}} Mary Leakey
  54. {{Icon|C}} Richard Leakey
  55. {{Icon|Start}} Richard Borshay Lee
  56. {{Icon|C}} Claude Lévi-Strauss (Level 4)
  57. {{Icon|B}} Ralph Linton
  58. {{Icon|Start}} Robert Lowie
  59. {{Icon|GA}} Bronisław Malinowski (Level 4)
  60. {{Icon|Start}} John Marshall (archaeologist)
  61. {{Icon|B}} Margaret Mead (Level 4)
  62. {{Icon|C}} Sidney Mintz
  63. {{Icon|Start}} Ashley Montagu
  64. {{Icon|C}} Lewis H. Morgan
  65. {{Icon|C}} Iolo Morganwg
  66. {{Icon|FA}} Margaret Murray
  67. {{Icon|C}} Sherry Ortner
  68. {{Icon|C}} Elsie Clews Parsons
  69. {{Icon|C}} Flinders Petrie
  70. {{Icon|C}} Karl Polanyi
  71. {{Icon|C}} Alfred Radcliffe-Brown
  72. {{Icon|C}} Colin Renfrew
  73. {{Icon|Start}} Audrey Richards
  74. {{Icon|B}} W. H. R. Rivers
  75. {{Icon|B}} Bernardino de Sahagún
  76. {{Icon|Start}} Marshall Sahlins
  77. {{Icon|C}} Nancy Scheper-Hughes
  78. {{Icon|C}} Heinrich Schliemann (Level 4)
  79. {{Icon|Start}} George Smith (Assyriologist)
  80. {{Icon|Start}} Walter Baldwin Spencer
  81. {{Icon|Start}} Melford Spiro
  82. {{Icon|C}} Marilyn Strathern
  83. {{Icon|B}} William Stukeley
  84. {{Icon|Start}} Josef Szombathy
  85. {{Icon|Start}} Edward Burnett Tylor
  86. {{Icon|Start}} Sherwood Washburn
  87. {{Icon|Start}} Camilla Wedgwood
  88. {{Icon|FA}} Mortimer Wheeler
  89. {{Icon|B}} Leslie White
  90. {{Icon|C}} Clark Wissler
  91. {{Icon|C}} Johann Joachim Winckelmann
  92. {{Icon|Start}} Eric Wolf
  93. {{Icon|Start}} Namkhai Norbu

{{Div col end}}

Art historians, theorists and critics

{{Vital article count|85}}

:For critics chiefly known for their reviews, see Critics.

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Francesco Algarotti
  2. {{Icon|C}} Roland Barthes
  3. {{Icon|Start}} André Bazin
  4. {{Icon|C}} Jerry Beck
  5. {{Icon|C}} Paul Bénichou
  6. {{Icon|B}} Walter Benjamin
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Bernard Berenson
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Mary Berenson
  9. {{Icon|C}} John Berger
  10. {{Icon|B}} Harold Bloom
  11. {{Icon|C}} Anthony Blunt
  12. {{Icon|Start}} David Bordwell
  13. {{Icon|C}} Anita Brookner
  14. {{Icon|Start}} T. Allston Brown
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Kevin Brownlow
  16. {{Icon|C}} Jacob Burckhardt
  17. {{Icon|B}} Joseph Campbell
  18. {{Icon|Start}} John Canemaker
  19. {{Icon|C}} Hélène Cixous
  20. {{Icon|B}} Kenneth Clark
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Cyril Connolly
  22. {{Icon|Start}} William Dalrymple
  23. {{Icon|Start}} Arthur Danto
  24. {{Icon|C}} Paul de Man
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Gaston Deschamps
  26. {{Icon|B}} Sergei Diaghilev
  27. {{Icon|C}} Terry Eagleton
  28. {{Icon|C}} Roger Fry
  29. {{Icon|C}} Northrop Frye
  30. {{Icon|Start}} Mary Garrard
  31. {{Icon|C}} Henry Louis Gates Jr.
  32. {{Icon|Start}} Henry Geldzahler
  33. {{Icon|B}} René Girard
  34. {{Icon|Start}} Édouard Glissant
  35. {{Icon|Start}} Edmond de Goncourt
  36. {{Icon|C}} Clement Greenberg
  37. {{Icon|FA}} Rufus Wilmot Griswold
  38. {{Icon|Stub}} Friedrich Gundolf
  39. {{Icon|B}} William Hazlitt
  40. {{Icon|C}} T. E. Hulme
  41. {{Icon|C}} S. T. Joshi
  42. {{Icon|Start}} Otto Kallir
  43. {{Icon|Start}} Donald Keene
  44. {{Icon|Start}} Karl Lachmann
  45. {{Icon|Start}} Louis Leroy
  46. {{Icon|C}} Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (Level 4)
  47. {{Icon|Start}} Simon Leys
  48. {{Icon|Start}} Roberto Longhi
  49. {{Icon|Start}} D. S. Mirsky
  50. {{Icon|C}} Laura Mulvey
  51. {{Icon|C}} Linda Nochlin
  52. {{Icon|Start}} Motoori Norinaga
  53. {{Icon|B}} Camille Paglia
  54. {{Icon|C}} Erwin Panofsky
  55. {{Icon|Start}} Frank Popper
  56. {{Icon|B}} Vladimir Propp
  57. {{Icon|C}} Arlene Raven
  58. {{Icon|Start}} Pierre Restany
  59. {{Icon|Stub}} Jean Ricardou
  60. {{Icon|Stub}} Pierre Rosenberg
  61. {{Icon|Start}} William Michael Rossetti
  62. {{Icon|B}} John Ruskin
  63. {{Icon|Start}} Vito Russo
  64. {{Icon|GA}} Edward Said (Level 4)
  65. {{Icon|Start}} Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve
  66. {{Icon|Start}} George Saintsbury
  67. {{Icon|C}} Jerry Saltz
  68. {{Icon|B}} Anita Sarkeesian
  69. {{Icon|Start}} Andrew Sarris
  70. {{Icon|C}} Nicholas Serota
  71. {{Icon|Start}} Viktor Shklovsky
  72. {{Icon|Start}} Sacheverell Sitwell
  73. {{Icon|Start}} Bernard Smith (art historian)
  74. {{Icon|Start}} Whitney Smith
  75. {{Icon|B}} Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
  76. {{Icon|Start}} Frederic George Stephens
  77. {{Icon|Start}} Stobaeus
  78. {{Icon|B}} John Addington Symonds
  79. {{Icon|B}} Hippolyte Taine
  80. {{Icon|C}} Lionel Trilling
  81. {{Icon|C}} Giorgio Vasari (Level 4)
  82. {{Icon|B}} Helen Vendler
  83. {{Icon|Start}} Thomas Warton
  84. {{Icon|Start}} Edmund Wilson
  85. {{Icon|B}} Zheng Zhenduo

{{Div col end}}

Musicologists and music theorists

{{Vital article count|20}}

:For critics chiefly known for their reviews, see Critics.

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Guido Adler
  2. {{Icon|C}} Charles Burney
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Friedrich Chrysander
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Edmond de Coussemaker
  5. {{Icon|B}} Carl Dahlhaus
  6. {{Icon|Start}} François-Joseph Fétis
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Johann Nikolaus Forkel
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Franco of Cologne
  9. {{Icon|B}} George Grove
  10. {{Icon|B}} Guido of Arezzo
  11. {{Icon|Start}} Eduard Hanslick
  12. {{Icon|C}} Komitas
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Jaap Kunst
  14. {{Icon|B}} Alan Lomax
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Hugo Riemann
  16. {{Icon|C}} Heinrich Schenker
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Nicolas Slonimsky
  18. {{Icon|Start}} Johannes Tinctoris
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Egon Wellesz
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Gioseffo Zarlino

{{Div col end}}

==Classicists ==

{{Vital article count|15}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Mary Beard (classicist)
  2. {{Icon|Start}} John Beazley
  3. {{Icon|C}} Richard Bentley
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Walter Burkert
  5. {{Icon|B}} Isaac Casaubon
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Kenneth Dover
  7. {{Icon|FA}} Eduard Fraenkel
  8. {{Icon|B}} Edith Hamilton
  9. {{Icon|C}} Theodor Mommsen (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Richard Porson
  11. {{Icon|B}} Joseph Justus Scaliger
  12. {{Icon|Start}} Ronald Syme
  13. {{Icon|B}} Martin Litchfield West
  14. {{Icon|C}} Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Friedrich August Wolf

{{Div col end}}

Educators

{{Vital article count|45}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Felix Adler (professor)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Stella Adler
  3. {{Icon|C}} Amos Bronson Alcott
  4. {{Icon|C}} Mary Astell
  5. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|DGA}} Mary McLeod Bethune
  6. {{Icon|GA}} Louis Braille (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Oscar Browning
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Nicholas Murray Butler
  9. {{Icon|C}} John Amos Comenius
  10. {{Icon|FA}} James B. Conant
  11. {{Icon|C}} Anna J. Cooper
  12. {{Icon|Start}} Ezra Cornell
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Jane Elliott
  14. {{Icon|C}} Jaime Escalante
  15. {{Icon|B}} Drew Gilpin Faust
  16. {{Icon|C}} Abraham Flexner
  17. {{Icon|C}} Paulo Freire
  18. {{Icon|C}} Friedrich Fröbel
  19. {{Icon|C}} Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
  20. {{Icon|C}} John Harvard
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Valentin Haüy
  22. {{Icon|C}} Ivan Illich
  23. {{Icon|Start}} Émile Jaques-Dalcroze
  24. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Syed Ahmad Khan
  25. {{Icon|C}} Helen Kim
  26. {{Icon|C}} Jean-Baptiste de La Salle
  27. {{Icon|Start}} Anton Makarenko
  28. {{Icon|C}} Horace Mann
  29. {{Icon|Start}} William Holmes McGuffey
  30. {{Icon|B}} Eugenio María de Hostos
  31. {{Icon|B}} Maria Montessori (Level 4)
  32. {{Icon|B}} A. S. Neill
  33. {{Icon|B}} Alice Freeman Palmer
  34. {{Icon|B}} Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
  35. {{Icon|Start}} William Huntington Russell
  36. {{Icon|C}} Egerton Ryerson
  37. {{Icon|C}} Anna Maria van Schurman
  38. {{Icon|Start}} Isawa Shūji
  39. {{Icon|C}} Lee Strasberg
  40. {{Icon|C}} Anne Sullivan
  41. {{Icon|Start}} Konstantin Ushinsky
  42. {{Icon|Start}} Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
  43. {{Icon|Start}} Eleazar Wheelock
  44. {{Icon|C}} Kate Douglas Wiggin
  45. {{Icon|C}} Elihu Yale

{{Div col end}}

Forensic sciences

{{Vital article count|10}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Michael Baden
  2. {{Icon|Start}} William M. Bass
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Frank Bender
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Henry Faulds
  5. {{Icon|B}} Calvin Hooker Goddard
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Hans Gross
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Edmond Locard
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Walter McCrone
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Albert S. Osborn
  10. {{Icon|C}} Porntip Rojanasunan

{{Div col end}}

Human geographers and cartographers

{{Vital article count|34}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Martin Behaim
  2. {{Icon|C}} Charles Marie de La Condamine
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Walter Christaller
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Guillaume Delisle
  5. {{Icon|B}} Jared Diamond
  6. {{Icon|C}} George Everest
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Oronce Fine
  8. {{Icon|Start}} James Gall
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Yaqut al-Hamawi
  10. {{Icon|C}} Heinrich Harrer
  11. {{Icon|C}} David Harvey
  12. {{Icon|B}} Sven Hedin
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Jodocus Hondius
  14. {{Icon|B}} Muhammad al-Idrisi
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Cosmas Indicopleustes
  16. {{Icon|Start}} Rudolf Kjellén
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Mei-Po Kwan
  18. {{Icon|B}} Halford Mackinder
  19. {{Icon|FA}} Clements Markham
  20. {{Icon|GA}} Gerardus Mercator
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Pomponius Mela
  22. {{Icon|C}} Mark Monmonier
  23. {{Icon|C}} Abraham Ortelius
  24. {{Icon|Start}} Pausanias (geographer)
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Arno Peters
  26. {{Icon|Start}} Friedrich Ratzel
  27. {{Icon|GA}} Piri Reis
  28. {{Icon|Start}} Matthias Ringmann
  29. {{Icon|Start}} Carl Ritter
  30. Carl O. Sauer
  31. {{Icon|C}} Strabo
  32. {{Icon|B}} Waldo R. Tobler
  33. {{Icon|Start}} Yi-Fu Tuan
  34. {{Icon|Start}} Bernhardus Varenius
  35. {{Icon|C}} Martin Waldseemüller

{{Div col end}}

Jurists

{{Vital article count|66}}

{{div col|colwidth=15em}}

=Ancient Figures =

{{Vital article count|3}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Gaius (jurist)
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Papinian
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Tribonian

=Africa =

{{Vital article count|1}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Abd El-Razzak El-Sanhuri

=Americas =

{{Vital article count|1}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Sergio Moro

=Asia =

{{Vital article count|1}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Radhabinod Pal

=Modern Europe =

{{Vital article count|19}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Cesare Beccaria (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|GA}} William Blackstone (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Gustave Boissonade
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Paolo Borsellino
  5. {{Icon|Start}} René Cassin
  6. {{Icon|B}} Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood
  7. {{Icon|GA}} Edward Coke
  8. {{Icon|GA}} Tom Denning, Baron Denning
  9. {{Icon|B}} Giovanni Falcone
  10. {{Icon|C}} Hans Frank
  11. {{Icon|Start}} Roland Freisler
  12. {{Icon|Start}} Alberico Gentili
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Rudolf von Gneist
  14. {{Icon|B}} Hugo Grotius (Level 4)
  15. {{Icon|C}} Gisèle Halimi
  16. {{Icon|C}} Hans Kelsen
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Geoffrey Lawrence, 1st Baron Oaksey
  18. {{Icon|GA}} William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield (Level 4)
  19. {{Icon|C}} Carl Schmitt

=Oceania =

{{Vital article count|3}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Garfield Barwick
  2. {{Icon|Start}} James Busby
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Jeremy Waldron

=United States =

{{Vital article count|38}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Bella Abzug
  2. {{Icon|C}} Derrick Bell
  3. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|DGA}} Hugo Black
  4. {{Icon|B}} Robert Bork
  5. {{Icon|B}} Louis Brandeis
  6. {{Icon|C}} William J. Brennan Jr.
  7. {{Icon|C}} Warren E. Burger
  8. {{Icon|C}} Johnnie Cochran
  9. {{Icon|B}} Clarence Darrow
  10. {{Icon|B}} Alan Dershowitz
  11. {{Icon|C}} William O. Douglas
  12. {{Icon|B}} Ben Ferencz
  13. {{Icon|C}} David Dudley Field II
  14. {{Icon|GA}} Ruth Bader Ginsburg
  15. {{Icon|FA}} Learned Hand
  16. {{Icon|B}} John Marshall Harlan
  17. {{Icon|C}} Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
  18. {{Icon|B}} William Kunstler
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Christopher Columbus Langdell
  20. {{Icon|C}} Raphael Lemkin
  21. {{Icon|B}} Lawrence Lessig
  22. {{Icon|C}} Francis Lieber
  23. {{Icon|C}} Robert R. Livingston
  24. {{Icon|C}} Catharine A. MacKinnon
  25. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} John Marshall (Level 4)
  26. {{Icon|GA}} Thurgood Marshall
  27. {{Icon|B}} Sandra Day O'Connor
  28. {{Icon|B}} Richard Posner
  29. {{Icon|Start}} Robert Joseph Pothier
  30. {{Icon|B}} William Rehnquist
  31. {{Icon|B}} John Roberts
  32. {{Icon|FA}} Antonin Scalia
  33. {{Icon|B}} Ken Starr
  34. {{Icon|B}} Potter Stewart
  35. {{Icon|C}} Joseph Story
  36. {{Icon|GA}} William Stoughton (judge)
  37. {{Icon|C}} Roger B. Taney
  38. {{Icon|B}} Earl Warren

{{Div col end}}

Library science and curators

{{Vital article count|11}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Mary Louisa Armitt
  2. {{Icon|B}} James H. Billington
  3. {{Icon|C}} Frances Mary Richardson Currer
  4. {{Icon|B}} Melvil Dewey
  5. {{Icon|C}} Brewster Kahle
  6. {{Icon|C}} Jacqueline Noel
  7. {{Icon|C}} Paul Otlet
  8. {{Icon|C}} Anthony Panizzi
  9. {{Icon|C}} S. R. Ranganathan
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Martin Schrettinger
  11. {{Icon|C}} Claire Kelly Schultz

{{Div col end}}

Public relations, marketing and advertising theorists

{{Vital article count|9}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Edward Bernays (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|Start}} William Bernbach
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Leo Burnett
  4. {{Icon|C}} Robert Cialdini
  5. {{Icon|C}} Pendleton Dudley
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Ivy Lee
  7. {{Icon|B}} David Ogilvy (businessman)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Charles Saatchi
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Maurice Saatchi, Baron Saatchi

{{Div col end}}

Sexologists

{{Vital article count|10}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Harry Benjamin
  2. {{Icon|B}} Havelock Ellis
  3. {{Icon|B}} Magnus Hirschfeld
  4. {{Icon|B}} Evelyn Hooker
  5. {{Icon|C}} Virginia E. Johnson
  6. {{Icon|B}} Alfred Kinsey (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Richard von Krafft-Ebing
  8. {{Icon|Start}} William Masters
  9. {{Icon|B}} John Money
  10. {{Icon|C}} Karl Heinrich Ulrichs

{{Div col end}}

Other social sciences

{{Vital article count|8}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Gloria Anzaldúa
  2. {{Icon|B}} Patricia Hill Collins
  3. {{Icon|B}} Kimberlé Crenshaw
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Mike Davis (scholar)
  5. {{Icon|B}} bell hooks
  6. {{Icon|C}} Isocrates
  7. {{Icon|B}} Jane Jacobs (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Ray Kurzweil

{{Div col end}}

Psychologists

{{Vital article count|108}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Alfred Adler
  2. {{Icon|B}} Mary Ainsworth
  3. {{Icon|C}} Gordon Allport (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Alois Alzheimer
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Elliot Aronson
  6. {{Icon|GA}} Solomon Asch
  7. {{Icon|C}} David Ausubel
  8. {{Icon|C}} Albert Bandura (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|C}} Frederic Bartlett
  10. {{Icon|C}} Simon Baron-Cohen
  11. {{Icon|C}} Aaron Beck
  12. {{Icon|B}} Bruno Bettelheim
  13. {{Icon|C}} Alfred Binet
  14. {{Icon|C}} Susan Blackmore
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Eugen Bleuler
  16. {{Icon|Start}} Benjamin Bloom
  17. {{Icon|B}} John Bowlby
  18. {{Icon|C}} Katharine Cook Briggs
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Jerome Bruner
  20. {{Icon|B}} Mary Whiton Calkins
  21. {{Icon|C}} James McKeen Cattell
  22. {{Icon|C}} Raymond Cattell (Level 4)
  23. {{Icon|B}} Kenneth and Mamie Clark
  24. {{Icon|B}} Émile Coué
  25. {{Icon|C}} Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
  26. {{Icon|C}} Kazimierz Dąbrowski
  27. {{Icon|Start}} Park Dietz
  28. {{Icon|C}} Hermann Ebbinghaus
  29. {{Icon|Start}} Paul Ekman
  30. {{Icon|B}} Albert Ellis (Level 4)
  31. {{Icon|C}} Milton H. Erickson
  32. {{Icon|C}} Erik Erikson (Level 4)
  33. {{Icon|B}} Hans Eysenck
  34. {{Icon|B}} Gustav Fechner
  35. {{Icon|C}} Leon Festinger (Level 4)
  36. {{Icon|B}} Viktor Frankl
  37. {{Icon|B}} Marie-Louise von Franz
  38. {{Icon|B}} Anna Freud (Level 4)
  39. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Sigmund Freud (Level 3)
  40. {{Icon|C}} Erich Fromm
  41. {{Icon|Start}} Robert M. Gagné
  42. {{Icon|Start}} Howard Gardner
  43. {{Icon|C}} Carol Gilligan
  44. {{Icon|B}} Jonathan Haidt
  45. {{Icon|C}} G. Stanley Hall
  46. {{Icon|B}} Harry Harlow
  47. {{Icon|B}} Donald O. Hebb
  48. {{Icon|B}} Karen Horney
  49. {{Icon|B}} Clark L. Hull
  50. {{Icon|Start}} Joseph Jastrow
  51. {{Icon|B}} Carl Jung (Level 4)
  52. {{Icon|B}} Daniel Kahneman
  53. {{Icon|Start}} Leo Kanner
  54. {{Icon|C}} Melanie Klein
  55. {{Icon|Start}} Kurt Koffka
  56. {{Icon|Start}} Heinz Kohut
  57. {{Icon|Start}} Emil Kraepelin
  58. {{Icon|B}} Jacques Lacan
  59. {{Icon|B}} Christine Ladd-Franklin
  60. {{Icon|C}} R. D. Laing
  61. {{Icon|B}} Timothy Leary
  62. {{Icon|Start}} Aleksei Leontiev
  63. {{Icon|C}} Kurt Lewin (Level 4)
  64. {{Icon|C}} Marsha M. Linehan
  65. {{Icon|B}} Elizabeth Loftus
  66. {{Icon|B}} Abraham Maslow (Level 4)
  67. {{Icon|Start}} Rollo May
  68. {{Icon|Start}} David McClelland
  69. {{Icon|B}} Stanley Milgram
  70. {{Icon|GA}} George Armitage Miller (Level 4)
  71. {{Icon|Start}} Neal E. Miller
  72. {{Icon|Start}} Walter Mischel
  73. {{Icon|Start}} Lloyd Morrisett
  74. {{Icon|Start}} Hugo Münsterberg
  75. {{Icon|C}} Isabel Briggs Myers
  76. {{Icon|Start}} Ulric Neisser
  77. {{Icon|C}} Ivan Pavlov (Level 4)
  78. {{Icon|C}} Fritz Perls
  79. {{Icon|Start}} Laura Perls
  80. {{Icon|B}} Jordan Peterson
  81. {{Icon|B}} Jean Piaget (Level 4)
  82. {{Icon|Start}} Robert Plomin
  83. {{Icon|C}} Otto Rank
  84. {{Icon|C}} Anatol Rapoport
  85. {{Icon|GA}} Wilhelm Reich
  86. {{Icon|B}} Carl Rogers (Level 4)
  87. {{Icon|Start}} Stanley Schachter
  88. {{Icon|Start}} Martin Seligman
  89. {{Icon|Start}} Muzafer Sherif
  90. {{Icon|Start}} Théodore Simon
  91. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} B. F. Skinner (Level 4)
  92. {{Icon|C}} Charles Spearman
  93. {{Icon|Start}} Robert Sternberg
  94. {{Icon|C}} Grunya Sukhareva
  95. {{Icon|Start}} Harry Stack Sullivan
  96. {{Icon|C}} Thomas Szasz
  97. {{Icon|C}} Lewis Terman
  98. {{Icon|C}} Edward Thorndike (Level 4)
  99. {{Icon|Start}} Edward B. Titchener
  100. {{Icon|C}} Lev Vygotsky (Level 4)
  101. {{Icon|C}} Margaret Floy Washburn
  102. {{Icon|B}} John B. Watson (Level 4)
  103. {{Icon|C}} Ernst Heinrich Weber
  104. {{Icon|Start}} David Wechsler
  105. {{Icon|B}} Fredric Wertham
  106. {{Icon|B}} Donald Winnicott
  107. {{Icon|B}} Wilhelm Wundt (Level 4)
  108. {{Icon|B}} Philip Zimbardo

{{Div col end}}

{{Core topics}}

All languages should have

Vital articles