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Federal subjects of Russia

{{Short description|Federal constituent entities of Russia}}

{{About|the federal constituent units|the grouping of regions by a Presidential Decree|Federal districts of Russia}}

{{Redirects|Provinces of Russia|the historical administrative division|Provinces of the Russian Empire}}

{{pp-30-500|small=yes}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2014}}

{{Infobox subdivision type

| name = Federal subjects
{{nobold|{{native name|ru|Субъекты федерации}}}}

| map = File:Map of federal subjects of Russia (2022), disputed Crimea and Donbass.svg

| map_size = 300px

| caption =

{{Legend|#00C160|Republics}}{{Legend|#FF8F3A|Krais (territories)}}{{Legend|#FFEC77|Oblasts (regions)}}{{Legend|#FF323D|Federal cities}}{{Legend|#C300FF|Autonomous oblast (autonomous region)}}{{Legend|#006989|Autonomous okrugs (autonomous areas with a substantial ethnic minority)}}Diagonal stripes indicate territory internationally recognized as parts of Ukraine.

| start_date = 12 December 1993

| current_number = 83

| category = Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic

| territory = {{flag|Russian Federation}}

| number_date =

| population_range = 41,431 (Nenets Autonomous Okrug) – 13,010,112 (Moscow)

| area_range = {{Convert|864|sqkm|abbr=on}} (Sevastopol) – {{Convert|3,103,200|sqkm|abbr=on}} (Sakha Republic)

| government = Regional governments, federal government

| subdivision = Districts

| status =

| exofficio =

}}

{{Politics of Russia|expanded=Federalism}}

The federal subjects of Russia, also referred to as the subjects of the Russian Federation ({{langx|ru|субъекты Российской Федерации|subyekty Rossiyskoy Federatsii}}) or simply as the subjects of the federation ({{langx|ru|субъекты федерации|subyekty federatsii}}), are the constituent entities of Russia, its top-level political divisions. According to the Constitution of Russia, the federation consists of republics, krais, oblasts, cities of federal importance, an autonomous oblast, and autonomous okrugs, all of which are equal subjects of the federation.

Every federal subject has its own head, a parliament, and a constitutional court. Each subject has its own constitution or charter and legislation, although the authority of these organs differ. Subjects have equal rights in relations with federal government bodies. The subjects have equal representation – two delegates each – in the Federation Council, the upper house of the Federal Assembly. They differ in the degree of autonomy they enjoy; republics are offered more autonomy.

Post-Soviet Russia formed during the history of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic within the USSR and did not change at the time of the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. In 1992, during the so-called "parade of sovereignties", separatist sentiments and the War of Laws within Russia, the Russian regions signed the Federation Treaty ({{langx|ru|Федеративный договор|Federativnyy dogovor}}),This treaty consisted of three treaties, see also Concluding and Transitional Provisions: [http://eng.constitution.kremlin.ru/#conclusion-1-4] [http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-10.htm#2222] establishing and regulating the current inner composition of Russia, based on the division of authorities and powers among Russian government bodies and government bodies of constituent entities. The Federation Treaty was included in the text of the 1978 Constitution of the Russian SFSR. The current Constitution of Russia, adopted by federal referendum on 12 December 1993, came into force on 25 December 1993 and abolished the model of the Soviet system of government introduced in 1918 by Vladimir Lenin and based on the right to secede from the country and on unlimited sovereignty of federal subjects (in practice secession was never allowed), which conflicts with the country's integrity and federal laws. The new constitution eliminated a number of legal conflicts, reserved the rights of the regions, introduced local self-government and did not grant the Soviet-era right to secede from the country. In the late 1990s and early 2000s the political system became de jure closer to other modern federal states with a republican form of government. In the 2000s, following the policies of Vladimir Putin and of the ruling United Russia party, the Russian parliament changed the distribution of tax revenues, reduced the number of elections in the regions and gave more power to the federal authorities.

The Russian Federation was composed of 89 federal subjects in 1993. Mergers reduced the number to 83 by 2008. Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine in 2014, with the Russian government claiming Sevastopol and the Republic of Crimea to be the 84th and 85th federal subjects of Russia, a move that is not recognized internationally.{{Cite book|editor-last=Heaney|editor-first=Dominic|title=The Territories of the Russian Federation 2023|edition=24th|year=2023|isbn=9781032469744|url=https://www.routledge.com/The-Territories-of-the-Russian-Federation-2023/Publications/p/book/9781032469744 |chapter=The Government of the Russian Federation|pages=43–51|location=Abingdon|publisher=Routledge}}{{cite web|url= https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-idUSBREA1Q1E820140318|title=Putin signs Crimea treaty as Ukraine serviceman dies in attack|author= Steve Gutterman and Pavel Polityuk|date= March 18, 2014|work= Reuters|access-date= May 7, 2016}} During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russia claimed that it had annexed four Ukrainian oblasts, though they remain internationally recognized as part of Ukraine and are only partially occupied by Russia.{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-set-annex-ukraine-territory-west-warns-new-sanctions-2022-09-29/ |title=Putin to annex seized Ukrainian land, U.N. Warns of 'dangerous escalation' |newspaper=Reuters |date=September 29, 2022 }}

Terminology

An official government translation of the Constitution of Russia from Russian to English uses the term "constituent entities of the Russian Federation". For example, Article 5 reads: "The Russian Federation shall consist of republics, krais, oblasts, cities of federal significance, an autonomous oblast, and autonomous okrugs, which shall have equal rights as constituent entities of the Russian Federation."{{cite web |url= http://archive.government.ru/eng/gov/base/54.html |title=Constitution of the Russian Federation |publisher=Government of the Russian Federation |access-date=11 August 2022}} A translation provided by Garant-Internet instead uses the term "subjects of the Russian Federation".{{cite web|url=http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-02.htm |title=The Constitution of the Russian Federation|publisher=Garant-Internet|access-date=11 August 2022}}

Tom Fennell, a translator, told the 2008 American Translators Association conference that "constituent entity of the Russian Federation" is a better translation than "subject".{{cite journal |first=Irina |last=Knizhnik |date=2009 |title=On legal terminology, the jury is still out |url= https://www.ata-divisions.org/SLD/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/2009-1-Winter-SlavFile.pdf |journal=SlavFile|volume=18|issue=1 |page=20 |publisher=Slavic Languages Division, American Translators Association |access-date=11 August 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201031130147/https://www.ata-divisions.org/SLD/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/2009-1-Winter-SlavFile.pdf |archive-date=31 October 2020}} This was supported by Tamara Nekrasova, Head of Translation Department at Goltsblat BLP, who said in a 2011 presentation at a translators conference that "constituent entity of the Russian Federation is more appropriate than subject of the Russian Federation (subject would be OK for a monarchy)".{{cite web |url= https://www.eulita.eu/wp-content/uploads/files/Tammy_presentation.pdf |title=Traps & Mishaps in Legal Translation |first=Tamara |last=Nekrasova |date=2011 |publisher=Eulita |access-date=11 August 2022}}

class="wikitable sortable"

! rowspan=2 width=150|Rank (as given in constitution and ISO)

! colspan=2|Russian

! colspan=2|English translations of the constitution

! rowspan=2 width=150|ISO 3166-2:RU (ISO 3166-2 Newsletter II-2 (2010-06-30))

(Cyrillic)

! (Latin)

! Official

! Unofficial

{{n/a}}

| {{lang|ru|субъект Российской Федерации}}

| sub'yekt Rossiyskoy Federatsii

| constituent entity of the Russian Federation

| subject of the Russian Federation

| (not mentioned)

align="center" | 1

| {{lang|ru|республика}}

| respublika

| colspan="3" | {{Center|republic}}

align="center" | 2

| {{lang|ru|край}}

| colspan="2" | {{Center|kray}}

| territory

| administrative territory

rowspan="2" align="center" | 3

| {{lang|ru|область}}

| oblastʹ

| oblast

| region

| administrative region

{{lang|ru|город федерального значения}}

| gorod federalʹnogo znacheniya

| city of federal significance

| city of federal importance

| autonomous city
(the Russian term used in ISO 3166-2 is {{lang|ru|автономный город}} avtonomnyy gorod)

align="center" | 5

| {{lang|ru|автономная область}}

| avtonomnaya oblastʹ

| autonomous oblast

| autonomous region

| autonomous region

align="center" | 6

| {{lang|ru|автономный округ}}

| avtonomnyy okrug

| autonomous okrug

| autonomous area

| autonomous district

Types

{{Image label begin|image=Map of federal subjects of Russia (2022), disputed Crimea and Donbass.svg|width=1400}}

{{Image label|x=0.253|y=0.115|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|50|Murmansk}}|font-size=90%}}

{{Image label|x=0.192|y=0.147|scale=1400|text=Republic of Karelia}}

{{Image label|x=0.152|y=0.163|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|30|Leningrad}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.125|y=0.134|scale=1400|text=Saint Petersburg|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.074|y=0.132|scale=1400|text=Kaliningrad|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.118|y=0.166|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-50|Pskov}}|font-size=90%}}

{{Image label|x=0.140|y=0.181|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|30|Novgorod Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.185|y=0.208|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|40|Vologda}}}}

{{Image label|x=0.223|y=0.184|scale=1400|text=Arkhangelsk}}

{{Image label|x=0.330|y=0.200|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|40|Nenets Autonomous Okrug}}}}

{{Image label|x=0.290|y=0.229|scale=1400|text=Komi Republic}}

{{Image label|x=0.136|y=0.200|scale=1400|text=Tver}}

{{Image label|x=0.161|y=0.220|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-25|Yaroslavl Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.185|y=0.241|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|27|Kostroma}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.098|y=0.207|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|30|Smolensk Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.133|y=0.216|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-45|Moscow}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.134|y=0.233|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-70|Moscow Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.148|y=0.248|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|65|Vladimir Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.164|y=0.245|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|40|Ivanovo Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.077|y=0.223|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|30|Bryansk Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.110|y=0.229|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|20|Kaluga}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.117|y=0.247|scale=1400|text=Tula|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.098|y=0.249|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|60|Oryol}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.084|y=0.257|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|55|Kursk}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.070|y=0.272|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|55|Belgorod Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.129|y=0.263|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|20|Ryazan}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.104|y=0.273|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-40|Lipetsk Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.120|y=0.283|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-65|Tambov Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.092|y=0.294|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-25|Voronezh Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.096|y=0.338|scale=1400|text=Volgograd|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.068|y=0.325|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-30|Rostov}}|font-size=90%}}

{{Image label|x=0.079|y=0.372|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-70|Kalmykia}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.095|y=0.375|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-80|Astrakhan Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.031|y=0.338|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|20|Krasnodar Krai}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.013|y=0.353|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-20|Adygea}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.050|y=0.373|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|70|Stavropol}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.006|y=0.375|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-15|Karachay-
Cherkessia}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.006|y=0.393|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-15|Kabardino-
Balkaria}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.005|y=0.408|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-15|North Ossetia}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.018|y=0.414|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-15|Ingushetia}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.022|y=0.421|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-22|Chechnya}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.057|y=0.418|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-65|Dagestan}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.165|y=0.262|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-25|Nizhny Novgorod Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.222|y=0.269|scale=1400|text=Kirov}}

{{Image label|x=0.259|y=0.292|scale=1400|text=Perm}}

{{Image label|x=0.145|y=0.284|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|40|Mordovia}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.182|y=0.293|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|30|Chuvashia}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.191|y=0.281|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|35|Mari El}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.194|y=0.310|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|30|Tatarstan}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.218|y=0.297|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-35|Udmurtia}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.205|y=0.350|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-70|Bashkortostan}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.143|y=0.299|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|40|Penza}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.151|y=0.313|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-35|Ulyanovsk Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.174|y=0.328|scale=1400|text=Samara|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.130|y=0.325|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|60|Saratov}}}}

{{Image label|x=0.181|y=0.361|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|50|Orenburg}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.237|y=0.364|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-50|Chelyabinsk}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.282|y=0.371|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|20|Kurgan}}|font-size=90%}}

{{Image label|x=0.268|y=0.329|scale=1400|text=Sverdlovsk}}

{{Image label|x=0.314|y=0.352|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-20|Tyumen}}}}

{{Image label|x=0.335|y=0.313|scale=1400|text=Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug}}

{{Image label|x=0.377|y=0.265|scale=1400|text=Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug}}

{{Image label|x=0.344|y=0.388|scale=1400|text=Omsk}}

{{Image label|x=0.409|y=0.377|scale=1400|text=Tomsk}}

{{Image label|x=0.376|y=0.417|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|20|Novosibirsk}}}}

{{Image label|x=0.434|y=0.441|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|80|Kemerovo}}|font-size=90%}}

{{Image label|x=0.403|y=0.458|scale=1400|text=Altai}}

{{Image label|x=0.433|y=0.491|scale=1400|text=Altai Republic}}

{{Image label|x=0.454|y=0.461|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-70|Khakassia}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.495|y=0.490|scale=1400|text=Tuva}}

{{Image label|x=0.500|y=0.310|scale=1400|text=Krasnoyarsk}}

{{Image label|x=0.571|y=0.430|scale=1400|text=Irkutsk}}

{{Image label|x=0.628|y=0.460|scale=1400|text=Buryatia}}

{{Image label|x=0.659|y=0.480|scale=1400|text=Zabaykalsky}}

{{Image label|x=0.696|y=0.272|scale=1400|text=Sakha Republic}}

{{Image label|x=0.757|y=0.418|scale=1400|text=Amur}}

{{Image label|x=0.826|y=0.466|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-20|Jewish Autonomous Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.830|y=0.424|scale=1400|text=Khabarovsk}}

{{Image label|x=0.856|y=0.503|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-60|Primorsky}}}}

{{Image label|x=0.933|y=0.419|scale=1400|text=Sakhalin}}

{{Image label|x=0.834|y=0.220|scale=1400|text=Magadan}}

{{Image label|x=0.850|y=0.101|scale=1400|text=Chukotka Autonomous Okrug}}

{{Image label|x=0.926|y=0.249|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|50|Kamchatka}}}}

{{Image label|x=0.006|y=0.305|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|60|Republic of Crimea (Russia)}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=-0.004|y=0.326|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|60|Sevastopol}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.065|y=0.302|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-60|Luhansk People's Republic}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.049|y=0.300|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-50|Donetsk People's Republic}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.036|y=0.295|scale=1400|text=Zapo|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.033|y=0.285|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|-40|Zaporizhzhia}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label|x=0.009|y=0.285|scale=1400|text={{rotate text|65|Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast}}|font-size=85%}}

{{Image label end}}

Each federal subject belongs to one of the following types:

class="wikitable sortable"

! Legend{{cite book |title=The Territories of the Russian Federation 2022 |editor-last=Heaney|editor-first=Dominic|date=2022 |publisher=Routledge |location=Abingdon, Oxon|chapter=Territorial Surveys|isbn=9781032249698 |edition=23rd |url=https://www.routledge.com/The-Territories-of-the-Russian-Federation-2022/Publications/p/book/9781032249698}}

! Description

{{legend|#00C160|21 republics}}{{Legend striped|#00C160|#006A35|3 unrecognized|up=yes}}

| Nominally autonomous,{{cite book | title=The Territories of the Russian Federation 2012 | publisher=Taylor & Francis | year=2012 | isbn=978-1-135-09584-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wOVjhOAfn_kC&pg=PA5 | access-date=2019-10-06 | page=5}}{{cite book | last=Saunders | first=R.A. | title=Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation | publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers | series=Historical Dictionaries of Europe | year=2019 | isbn=978-1-5381-2048-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=21ynDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA232 | access-date=2019-10-06 | page=232}} each with its own constitution, language, and legislature, but represented by the federal government in international affairs. Most are designated as the home to a specific ethnic minority as their titular nation or nations.
Donetsk Oblast and Luhansk Oblast are internationally recognized as parts of Ukraine, but were partially occupied by Russian and Russian-controlled forces in 2014, and declared annexed by Russia as the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic in 2022. The Autonomous Republic of Crimea is internationally recognized as a part of Ukraine, but was occupied and annexed by Russia as the Republic of Crimea in 2014.

{{legend|#FF8F3A|9 krais}}

| For all intents and purposes, krais are legally identical to oblasts. The title "krai" ("frontier" or "territory") is historic, related to geographic (frontier) position in a certain period of history. The current krais are not related to frontiers.

{{legend|#FFEC77|46 oblasts}}{{Legend striped|#FFEC77|#8C8241|2 unrecognized|up=yes}}

| The most common type, with a governor and locally elected legislature. Commonly named after their administrative centres. Kaliningrad Oblast is geographically separated from all the rest of Russia by other countries.
Kherson Oblast and Zaporizhzhia Oblast are internationally recognized as parts of Ukraine, but were partially occupied by Russian forces and declared annexed in 2022.

{{legend|#FF323D|2 federal cities}}{{Legend|#8C1B21|1 unrecognized}}

| Major cities that function as separate regions and include other cities and towns (Zelenograd, Troitsk, Kronstadt, Kolpino, etc.) – keeping older structures of postal addresses.
Sevastopol is internationally recognized as a part of Ukraine, but was occupied and annexed by Russia in 2014.

{{nowrap|{{legend|#C300FF|1 autonomous oblast}}}}

| An Autonomous Oblast has increased powers compared to traditional oblasts, but not enough to be considered a Republic. The only one remaining is the Jewish Autonomous Oblast; Russia previously had 4 other Autonomous Oblasts that were changed into Republics on 3 July 1991.

{{nowrap|{{legend|#006989|4 autonomous okrugs}}}}

| Occasionally referred to as "autonomous district", "autonomous area" or "autonomous region", each with a substantial or predominant ethnic minority designated as its titular nation. With the exception of Chukotka, each of the autonomous okrugs is part of another oblast (Arkhangelsk or Tyumen), as well as functioning as a federal subject by itself.

List

{{Anchor|List of subject capitals}}

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"

! colspan="14" |Federal subjects of the Russian Federation

rowspan="2" |Code

! rowspan="2" |Name

! rowspan="2" |Capital/
Administrative centre{{Ref_label|a|a|none}}

! rowspan="2" |Flag

! rowspan="2" |Coat
of arms

! rowspan="2" |Type

! rowspan="2" |Titular nation

! rowspan="2" |Head of subject

! rowspan="2" |Federal district

! rowspan="2" |Economic region

! rowspan="2" |Area
(km2){{cite web|title=Таблица 5. Численность населения России, федеральных округов, субъектов Российской Федерации, городских округов, муниципальных районов, муниципальных округов, городских и сельских поселений, городских населенных пунктов, сельских населенных пунктов с населением 3000 человек и более|url=https://rosreestr.ru/upload/Doc/18-upr/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D1%84.22%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%202016%20%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%20(%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%20%D0%A0%D0%A4)_%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82.doc|publisher=Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography|accessdate=4 March 2019|archive-date=March 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323171458/https://rosreestr.ru/upload/Doc/18-upr/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%2520%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%2520%25D1%2584.22%2520%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25202016%2520%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%2520(%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%2520%25D1%2581%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D1%258A%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%2520%25D0%25A0%25D0%25A4)_%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%2520%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D1%2582.doc|url-status=dead}}

! colspan="2" |Population{{cite web |title=Предварительная оценка численности постоянного населения на 1 января 2025 года |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/PrPopul2025_Site.xlsx |accessdate=3 February 2025 |publisher=Federal State Statistics Service}}

! rowspan="2" |Est.

Total

!density (km2)

style="height:50px;"

|01

|Adygea

|Maykop

|File:Flag of Adygea.svg

|45x45px

| rowspan="21" |republic

|Circassians

|Murat Kumpilov (UR)

|Southern

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|7,792

|align="right"|501,038

|align="right"|64.30

|align="right"|1922

style="height:50px;"

|02

|Bashkortostan

|Ufa

|File:Flag of Bashkortostan.svg

|45x45px

|Bashkirs

|Radiy Khabirov (UR)

|Volga

|Ural

|align="right"|142,947

|align="right"|4,046,094

|align="right"|28.30

|align="right"|1919

style="height:50px;"

|03

|Buryatia

|Ulan-Ude

|File:Flag of Buryatia.svg

|45x45px

|Buryats

|Alexey Tsydenov (UR)

|Far Eastern

|East Siberian

|align="right"|351,334

|align="right"|970,679

|align="right"|2.76

|align="right"|1923

style="height:50px;"

|04

|Altai Republic

|Gorno-Altaysk

|File:Flag of Altai Republic.svg

|45x45px

|Altai

|Oleg Khorokhordin (Ind.)

|Siberian

|West Siberian

|align="right"|92,903

|align="right"|210,099

|align="right"|2.26

|align="right"|1922

style="height:50px;"

|05

|Dagestan

|Makhachkala

|File:Flag of Dagestan.svg

|45x45px

|Aghuls, Avars, Azerbaijanis, Chechens, Dargins, Kumyks, Laks, Lezgins, Nogais, Rutuls, Tabasarans, Tats, Tsakhurs

|Sergey Melikov (Ind.)

|North Caucasian

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|50,270

|align="right"|3,258,993

|align="right"|64.83

|align="right"|1921

style="height:50px;"

|06

|Ingushetia

|Magas
(Largest city: Nazran)

|File:Flag of Ingushetia.svg

|45x45px

|Ingush

|Mahmud-Ali Kalimatov (UR)

|North Caucasian

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|3,628

|align="right"|534,219

|align="right"|147.25

|align="right"|1992

style="height:50px;"

|07

|Kabardino-Balkaria

|Nalchik

|File:Flag of Kabardino-Balkaria.svg

|45x45px

|Balkars, Kabardians

|Kazbek Kokov (UR)

|North Caucasian

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|12,470

|align="right"|908,090

|align="right"|72.82

|align="right"|1936

style="height:50px;"

|08

|Kalmykia

|Elista

|File:Flag of Kalmykia.svg

|45x45px

|Kalmyks

|Batu Khasikov (UR)

|Southern

|Volga

|align="right"|74,731

|align="right"|267,376

|align="right"|3.58

|align="right"|1957

style="height:50px;"

|09

|Karachay-Cherkessia

|Cherkessk

|File:Flag of Karachay-Cherkessia.svg

|45x45px

|Abazins, Kabardians, Karachays, Nogais

|Rashid Temrezov (UR)

|North Caucasian

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|14,277

|align="right"|468,531

|align="right"|32.82

|align="right"|1957

style="height:50px;"

|10

|Karelia

|Petrozavodsk

|File:Flag of Karelia.svg

|45x45px

|Karelians

|Artur Parfenchikov (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northern

|align="right"|180,520

|align="right"|518,644

|align="right"|2.87

|align="right"|1956

style="height:50px;"

|11

|Komi Republic

|Syktyvkar

|File:Flag of Komi.svg

|45x45px

|Komi

|Vladimir Uyba (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northern

|align="right"|416,774

|align="right"|714,391

|align="right"|1.71

|align="right"|1921

style="height:50px;"

|12

|Mari El

|Yoshkar-Ola

|File:Flag of Mari El.svg

|45x45px

|Mari

|Yury Zaitsev (UR, acting)

|Volga

|Volga-Vyatka

|align="right"|23,375

|align="right"|665,983

|align="right"|28.49

|align="right"|1920

style="height:50px;"

|13

|Mordovia

|Saransk

|File:Flag of Mordovia.svg

|45x45px

|Mordvins

|Artyom Zdunov (UR)

|Volga

|Volga-Vyatka

|align="right"|26,128

|align="right"|758,390

|align="right"|29.03

|align="right"|1930

style="height:50px;"

|14

|Sakha

|Yakutsk

|File:Flag of Sakha.svg

|45x45px

|Yakuts

|Aysen Nikolayev (UR)

|Far Eastern

|Far Eastern

|align="right"|3,083,523

|align="right"|1,007,058

|align="right"|0.33

|align="right"|1922

style="height:50px;"

|15

|North Ossetia–Alania

|Vladikavkaz

|File:Flag of North Ossetia.svg

|45x45px

|Ossetians

|Sergey Menyaylo (UR)

|North Caucasian

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|7,987

|align="right"|678,454

|align="right"|84.94

|align="right"|1924

style="height:50px;"

|16

|Tatarstan

|Kazan

|File:Flag of Tatarstan.svg

|45x45px

|Tatars

|Rustam Minnikhanov (UR)

|Volga

|Volga

|align="right"|67,847

|align="right"|4,016,571

|align="right"|59.20

|align="right"|1920

style="height:50px;"

|17

|Tuva

|Kyzyl

|File:Flag of Tuva.svg

|45x45px

|Tuvans

|Vladislav Khovalyg (UR)

|Siberian

|East Siberian

|align="right"|168,604

|align="right"|338,341

|align="right"|2.01

|align="right"|1944

style="height:50px;"

|18

|Udmurtia

|Izhevsk

|File:Flag of Udmurtia.svg

|45x45px

|Udmurts

|Aleksandr Brechalov (UR)

|Volga

|Ural

|align="right"|42,061

|align="right"|1,427,018

|align="right"|33.93

|align="right"|1920

style="height:50px;"

|19

|Khakassia

|Abakan

|File:Flag of Khakassia.svg

|45x45px

|Khakas

|Valentin Konovalov (CPRF)

|Siberian

|East Siberian

|align="right"|61,569

|align="right"|534,795

|align="right"|8.53

|align="right"|1930

style="height:50px;"

|20{{Ref_label|e|e|none}}

|Chechnya

|Grozny

|File:Flag of Chechnya.svg

|45x45px

|Chechens

|Ramzan Kadyrov (UR)

|North Caucasian

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|16,165

|align="right"|1,575,819

|align="right"|97.48

|align="right"|1991

style="height:50px;"

|21

|Chuvashia

|Cheboksary

|File:Flag of Chuvashia.svg

|45x45px

|Chuvash

|Oleg Nikolayev (SRZP)

|Volga

|Volga-Vyatka

|align="right"|18,343

|align="right"|1,159,757

|align="right"|63.23

|align="right"|1920

style="height:50px;"

|22

|Altai Krai

|Barnaul

|File:Flag of Altai Krai.svg

|45x45px

| rowspan="6" |krai

|{{n/a}}

|Viktor Tomenko (UR)

|Siberian

|West Siberian

|align="right"|167,996

|align="right"|2,098,979

|align="right"|12.49

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|23

|Krasnodar Krai

|Krasnodar

|File:Flag of Krasnodar Krai.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Veniamin Kondratyev (UR)

|Southern

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|75,485

|align="right"|5,841,846

|align="right"|77.39

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|24

|Krasnoyarsk Krai

|Krasnoyarsk

|File:Flag of Krasnoyarsk Krai.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Mikhail Kotyukov (UR)

|Siberian

|East Siberian

|align="right"|2,366,797

|align="right"|2,837,374

|align="right"|1.20

|align="right"|1934

style="height:50px;"

|25

|Primorsky Krai

|Vladivostok

|File:Flag of Primorsky Krai.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Oleg Kozhemyako (UR)

|Far Eastern

|Far Eastern

|align="right"|164,673

|align="right"|1,798,047

|align="right"|10.92

|align="right"|1938

style="height:50px;"

|26

|Stavropol Krai

|Stavropol

|File:Flag of Stavropol Krai.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Vladimir Vladimirov (UR)

|North Caucasian

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|66,160

|align="right"|2,883,494

|align="right"|43.58

|align="right"|1934

style="height:50px;"

|27

|Khabarovsk Krai

|Khabarovsk

|File:Flag of Khabarovsk Krai.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Mikhail Degtyarev (LDPR)

|Far Eastern

|Far Eastern

|align="right"|787,633

|align="right"|1,273,093

|align="right"|1.62

|align="right"|1938

style="height:50px;"

|28

|Amur Oblast

|Blagoveshchensk

|File:Flag of Amur Oblast.svg

|45x45px

| rowspan="13" |oblast

|{{n/a}}

|Vasily Orlov (UR)

|Far Eastern

|Far Eastern

|align="right"|361,908

|align="right"|750,870

|align="right"|2.07

|align="right"|1932

style="height:50px;"

|29

|Arkhangelsk Oblast

|Arkhangelsk

|File:Flag of Arkhangelsk Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Alexander Tsybulsky (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northern

|align="right"|413,103

|align="right"|947,192

|align="right"|2.29

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|30

|Astrakhan Oblast

|Astrakhan

|File:Flag of Astrakhan Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Igor Babushkin (Ind.)

|Southern

|Volga

|align="right"|49,024

|align="right"|945,991

|align="right"|19.30

|align="right"|1943

style="height:50px;"

|31

|Belgorod Oblast

|Belgorod

|File:Flag of Belgorod Oblast (Dark color).svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Vyacheslav Gladkov (UR)

|Central

|Central Black Earth

|align="right"|27,134

|align="right"|1,481,098

|align="right"|54.58

|align="right"|1954

style="height:50px;"

|32

|Bryansk Oblast

|Bryansk

|File:Flag of Bryansk Oblast (large).svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Alexander Bogomaz (UR)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|34,857

|align="right"|1,132,475

|align="right"|32.49

|align="right"|1944

style="height:50px;"

|33

|Vladimir Oblast

|Vladimir

|File:Flag of Vladimirskaya Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksandr Avdeyev (UR, acting)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|29,084

|align="right"|1,295,930

|align="right"|44.56

|align="right"|1944

style="height:50px;"

|34

|Volgograd Oblast

|Volgograd

|File:Flag of Volgograd Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Andrey Bocharov (Ind.)

|Southern

|Volga

|align="right"|112,877

|align="right"|2,435,355

|align="right"|21.58

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|35

|Vologda Oblast

|Vologda
(Largest city: Cherepovets)

|File:Flag of Vologda oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Oleg Kuvshinnikov (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northern

|align="right"|144,527

|align="right"|1,114,639

|align="right"|7.71

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|36

|Voronezh Oblast

|Voronezh

|File:Flag of Voronezh Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksandr Gusev (UR)

|Central

|Central Black Earth

|align="right"|52,216

|align="right"|2,259,610

|align="right"|43.27

|align="right"|1934

style="height:50px;"

|37

|Ivanovo Oblast

|Ivanovo

|File:Flag of Ivanovo Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Stanislav Voskresensky (Ind.)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|21,437

|align="right"|897,869

|align="right"|41.88

|align="right"|1936

style="height:50px;"

|38

|Irkutsk Oblast

|Irkutsk

|File:Flag of Irkutsk Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Igor Kobzev (Ind.)

|Siberian

|East Siberian

|align="right"|774,846

|align="right"|2,316,571

|align="right"|2.99

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|39

|Kaliningrad Oblast

|Kaliningrad

|File:Flag of Kaliningrad Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Anton Alikhanov (UR)

|Northwestern

|Kaliningrad

|align="right"|15,125

|align="right"|1,064,747

|align="right"|68.31

|align="right"|1946

style="height:50px;"

|40

|Kaluga Oblast

|Kaluga

|File:Flag of Kaluga Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Vladislav Shapsha (UR)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|29,777

|align="right"|1,064,747

|align="right"|35.76

|align="right"|1944

style="height:50px;"

|41

|Kamchatka Krai

|Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky

|File:Flag of Kamchatka Krai.svg

|45x45px

|krai

|{{n/a}}

|Vladimir Solodov (Ind.)

|Far Eastern

|Far Eastern

|align="right"|464,275

|align="right"|287,949

|align="right"|0.62

|align="right"|2007

style="height:50px;"

|42

|Kemerovo Oblast

|Kemerovo

|File:Flag of Kemerovo oblast.svg

|45x45px

| rowspan="17" |oblast

|{{n/a}}

|Sergey Tsivilyov (UR)

|Siberian

|West Siberian

|align="right"|95,725

|align="right"|2,526,384

|align="right"|26.39

|align="right"|1943

style="height:50px;"

|43

|Kirov Oblast

|Kirov

|File:Flag of Kirov Region.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksandr Sokolov (UR, acting)

|Volga

|Volga-Vyatka

|align="right"|120,374

|align="right"|1,120,178

|align="right"|9.31

|align="right"|1934

style="height:50px;"

|44

|Kostroma Oblast

|Kostroma

|File:Flag of Kostroma Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Sergey Sitnikov (Ind.)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|60,211

|align="right"|560,758

|align="right"|9.31

|align="right"|1944

style="height:50px;"

|45

|Kurgan Oblast

|Kurgan

|File:Flag of Kurgan Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Vadim Shumkov (Ind.)

|Ural

|Ural

|align="right"|71,488

|align="right"|744,197

|align="right"|10.41

|align="right"|1943

style="height:50px;"

|46

|Kursk Oblast

|Kursk

|File:Flag of Kursk Oblast (large fix).svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Roman Starovoyt (UR)

|Central

|Central Black Earth

|align="right"|29,997

|align="right"|1,050,134

|align="right"|35.01

|align="right"|1934

style="height:50px;"

|47

|Leningrad Oblast

|Largest city: Gatchina{{Ref_label|b|b|none}}

|File:Flag of Leningrad Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksandr Drozdenko (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northwestern

|align="right"|83,908

|align="right"|2,057,708

|align="right"|24.52

|align="right"|1927

style="height:50px;"

|48

|Lipetsk Oblast

|Lipetsk

|File:Flag of Lipetsk Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Igor Artamonov (UR)

|Central

|Central Black Earth

|align="right"|24,047

|align="right"|1,107,812

|align="right"|46.07

|align="right"|1954

style="height:50px;"

|49

|Magadan Oblast

|Magadan

|File:Flag of Magadan Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Sergey Nosov (UR)

|Far Eastern

|Far Eastern

|align="right"|462,464

|align="right"|134,202

|align="right"|0.29

|align="right"|1953

style="height:50px;"

|50

|Moscow Oblast

|Largest city: Balashikha{{Ref_label|c|c|none}}

|File:Flag of Moscow Oblast (large).svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Andrey Vorobyov (UR)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|44,329

|align="right"|8,766,594

|align="right"|197.76

|align="right"|1929

style="height:50px;"

|51

|Murmansk Oblast

|Murmansk

|File:Flag of Murmansk Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Andrey Chibis (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northern

|align="right"|144,902

|align="right"|650,920

|align="right"|4.49

|align="right"|1938

style="height:50px;"

|52

|Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

|Nizhny Novgorod

|File:Flag of Nizhny Novgorod Region.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Gleb Nikitin (UR)

|Volga

|Volga-Vyatka

|align="right"|76,624

|align="right"|3,037,816

|align="right"|39.65

|align="right"|1936

style="height:50px;"

|53

|Novgorod Oblast

|Veliky Novgorod

|File:Flag of Novgorod Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksandr Dronov (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northwestern

|align="right"|54,501

|align="right"|566,745

|align="right"|10.40

|align="right"|1944

style="height:50px;"

|54

|Novosibirsk Oblast

|Novosibirsk

|File:Flag of Novosibirsk Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Andrey Travnikov (UR)

|Siberian

|West Siberian

|align="right"|177,756

|align="right"|2,784,587

|align="right"|15.67

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|55

|Omsk Oblast

|Omsk

|File:Flag of Omsk Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Alexander Burkov (SRZP)

|Siberian

|West Siberian

|align="right"|141,140

|align="right"|1,805,443

|align="right"|12.79

|align="right"|1934

style="height:50px;"

|56

|Orenburg Oblast

|Orenburg

|File:Flag of Orenburg Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Denis Pasler (UR)

|Volga

|Ural

|align="right"|123,702

|align="right"|1,815,655

|align="right"|14.68

|align="right"|1934

style="height:50px;"

|57

|Oryol Oblast

|Oryol

|File:Flag of Oryol Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Andrey Klychkov (CPRF)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|24,652

|align="right"|685,693

|align="right"|27.81

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|58

|Penza Oblast

|Penza

|File:Flag of Penza Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Oleg Melnichenko (UR)

|Volga

|Volga

|align="right"|43,352

|align="right"|1,225,984

|align="right"|28.28

|align="right"|1939

style="height:50px;"

|59

|Perm Krai

|Perm

|File:Flag of Perm Krai.svg

|45x45px

|krai

|{{n/a}}

|Dmitry Makhonin (Ind.)

|Volga

|Ural

|align="right"|160,236

|align="right"|2,482,080

|align="right"|15.49

|align="right"|2005

style="height:50px;"

|60

|Pskov Oblast

|Pskov

|File:Flag_of_Pskov_Oblast.svg

|45x45px

| rowspan="15" |oblast

|{{n/a}}

|Mikhail Vedernikov (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northwestern

|align="right"|55,399

|align="right"|574,199

|align="right"|10.36

|align="right"|1944

style="height:50px;"

|61

|Rostov Oblast

|Rostov-on-Don

|File:Flag of Rostov Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Vasily Golubev (UR)

|Southern

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|100,967

|align="right"|4,135,018

|align="right"|40.95

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|62

|Ryazan Oblast

|Ryazan

|File:Flag of Ryazan Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Pavel Malkov (Ind.)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|39,605

|align="right"|1,073,981

|align="right"|27.12

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|63

|Samara Oblast

|Samara

|File:Flag of Samara Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Dmitry Azarov (UR)

|Volga

|Volga

|align="right"|53,565

|align="right"|3,108,944

|align="right"|58.04

|align="right"|1928

style="height:50px;"

|64

|Saratov Oblast

|Saratov

|File:Flag of Saratov Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Roman Busargin (UR)

|Volga

|Volga

|align="right"|101,240

|align="right"|2,368,387

|align="right"|23.39

|align="right"|1936

style="height:50px;"

|65

|Sakhalin Oblast

|Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk

|File:Flag of Sakhalin Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Valery Limarenko (UR)

|Far Eastern

|Far Eastern

|align="right"|87,101

|align="right"|456,792

|align="right"|5.24

|align="right"|1947

style="height:50px;"

|66

|Sverdlovsk Oblast

|Yekaterinburg

|File:Flag of Sverdlovsk Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Yevgeny Kuyvashev (UR)

|Ural

|Ural

|align="right"|194,307

|align="right"|4,218,204

|align="right"|21.71

|align="right"|1935

style="height:50px;"

|67

|Smolensk Oblast

|Smolensk

|File:Flag of Smolensk oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Alexey Ostrovsky (LDPR)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|49,779

|align="right"|857,847

|align="right"|17.23

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|68

|Tambov Oblast

|Tambov

|File:Flag of Tambov Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Maksim Yegorov (UR, acting)

|Central

|Central Black Earth

|align="right"|34,462

|align="right"|946,010

|align="right"|27.45

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|69

|Tver Oblast

|Tver

|File:Flag of Tver Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Igor Rudenya (UR)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|84,201

|align="right"|1,189,685

|align="right"|14.13

|align="right"|1935

style="height:50px;"

|70

|Tomsk Oblast

|Tomsk

|File:Flag of Tomsk Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Vladimir Mazur (UR, acting)

|Siberian

|West Siberian

|align="right"|314,391

|align="right"|1,039,458

|align="right"|3.31

|align="right"|1944

style="height:50px;"

|71

|Tula Oblast

|Tula

|File:Flag of Tula Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksey Dyumin (UR)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|25,679

|align="right"|1,455,911

|align="right"|56.70

|align="right"|1937

style="height:50px;"

|72

|Tyumen Oblast

|Tyumen

|File:Flag of Tyumen Oblast (large).svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksandr Moor (UR)

|Ural

|West Siberian

|align="right"|160,122

|align="right"|1,625,129

|align="right"|10.15

|align="right"|1944

style="height:50px;"

|73

|Ulyanovsk Oblast

|Ulyanovsk

|File:Флаг Ульяновской области (2013).svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksey Russkikh (CPRF)

|Volga

|Volga

|align="right"|37,181

|align="right"|1,164,837

|align="right"|31.33

|align="right"|1943

style="height:50px;"

|74

|Chelyabinsk Oblast

|Chelyabinsk

|File:Flag of Chelyabinsk Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksey Teksler (UR)

|Ural

|Ural

|align="right"|88,529

|align="right"|3,383,188

|align="right"|38.22

|align="right"|1934

style="height:50px;"

|75

|Zabaykalsky Krai

|Chita

|45x45px

|45x45px

|krai

|{{n/a}}

|Aleksandr Osipov (Ind.)

|Far Eastern

|East Siberian

|align="right"|431,892

|align="right"|982,525

|align="right"|2.27

|align="right"|2008

style="height:50px;"

|76

|Yaroslavl Oblast

|Yaroslavl

|File:Flag of Yaroslavl Oblast (large).svg

|45x45px

|oblast

|{{n/a}}

|Mikhail Yevrayev (Ind.)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|36,177

|align="right"|1,179,301

|align="right"|32.60

|align="right"|1936

style="height:50px;"

|77

|colspan="2"|Moscow

|File:Flag of Moscow.svg

|45x45px

| rowspan="2" |federal city

|{{n/a}}

|Sergey Sobyanin (UR)

|Central

|Central

|align="right"|2,561

|align="right"|13,258,262

|align="right"|5176.99

|align="right"|1147

style="height:50px;"

|78

|colspan="2"|Saint Petersburg

|File:Flag of Saint Petersburg Russia.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Alexander Beglov (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northwestern

|align="right"|1,403

|align="right"|5,645,943

|align="right"|4024.19

|align="right"|1703

style="height:50px;"

|79

|Jewish Autonomous Oblast

|Birobidzhan

|File:Flag of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast.svg

|45x45px

|autonomous oblast

|Jews

|Rostislav Goldstein (UR)

|Far Eastern

|Far Eastern

|align="right"|36,271

|align="right"|144,389

|align="right"|3.98

|align="right"|1934

style="height:50px;"

|80

|Nenets Autonomous Okrug

|Naryan-Mar

|File:Flag of Nenets Autonomous District.svg

|45x45px

| rowspan="4" |autonomous okrug

|Nenets

|Yury Bezdudny (UR)

|Northwestern

|Northern

|align="right"|176,810

|align="right"|41,829

|align="right"|0.24

|align="right"|1929

style="height:50px;"

|81

|Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug

|Khanty-Mansiysk
(Largest city: Surgut)

|File:Flag of Yugra.svg

|45x45px

|Khanty, Mansi

|Natalya Komarova (UR)

|Ural

|West Siberian

|align="right"|534,801

|align="right"|1,779,510

|align="right"|3.33

|align="right"|1930

style="height:50px;"

|82

|Chukotka Autonomous Okrug

|Anadyr

|File:Flag of Chukotka.svg

|45x45px

|Chukchi

|Roman Kopin (UR)

|Far Eastern

|Far Eastern

|align="right"|721,481

|align="right"|47,902

|align="right"|0.07

|align="right"|1930

style="height:50px;"

|83

|Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

|Salekhard
(Largest city: Novy Urengoy)

|File:Flag of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District.svg

|45x45px

|Nenets

|Dmitry Artyukhov (UR)

|Ural

|West Siberian

|align="right"|769,250

|align="right"|521,655

|align="right"|0.68

|align="right"|1930

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"

! colspan="14" | Contested territories situated within the internationally recognised borders of Ukraine

rowspan="2" |Code

! rowspan="2" |Name

! rowspan="2" |Capital/
Administrative centre{{Ref_label|a|a|none}}

! rowspan="2" |Flag

! rowspan="2" |Coat
of arms

! rowspan="2" |Type

! rowspan="2" |Titular nation

! rowspan="2" |Head of subject

! rowspan="2" |Federal district

! rowspan="2" |Economic region

! rowspan="2" |Area
(km2){{cite web|title=Таблица 5. Численность населения России, федеральных округов, субъектов Российской Федерации, городских округов, муниципальных районов, муниципальных округов, городских и сельских поселений, городских населенных пунктов, сельских населенных пунктов с населением 3000 человек и более|url=https://rosreestr.ru/upload/Doc/18-upr/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D1%84.22%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%202016%20%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%20(%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%20%D0%A0%D0%A4)_%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82.doc|publisher=Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography|accessdate=4 March 2019|archive-date=March 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323171458/https://rosreestr.ru/upload/Doc/18-upr/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%2520%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%2520%25D1%2584.22%2520%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25202016%2520%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%2520(%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%2520%25D1%2581%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D1%258A%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%2520%25D0%25A0%25D0%25A4)_%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%2520%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D1%2582.doc|url-status=dead}}

! colspan="2" |Population{{cite web|title=Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx|publisher=Federal State Statistics Service|accessdate=1 September 2022}}

! rowspan="2" |Est.

style="height:50px;"

|84

|Republic of Crimea{{Ref_label|d|d|none}}

|Simferopol

|File:Flag of Crimea (Latest version).svg

|45x45px

|republic

|{{n/a}}

|Sergey Aksyonov (UR)

|Southern{{Cite web|url=http://uatoday.tv/politics/crimea-becomes-part-of-vast-southern-federal-district-of-russia-705731.html|title=Crimea becomes part of vast Southern federal district of Russia|access-date=2016-07-29}}{{cite news|url=http://top.rbc.ru/politics/21/03/2014/912755.shtml|title=В России создан Крымский федеральный округ|publisher=RBC|date=March 21, 2014|access-date=November 18, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322220946/http://top.rbc.ru/politics/21/03/2014/912755.shtml|archive-date=March 22, 2014|url-status=dead}}

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|26,081

|align="right"|1,934,630

|align="right"|74.18

|align="right"|2014

style="height:50px;"

|85

|colspan="2"|Sevastopol{{Ref_label|d|d|none}}

|File:Flag of Sevastopol.svg

|45x45px

|federal city

|{{n/a}}

|Mikhail Razvozhayev (UR)

|Southern

|North Caucasus

|align="right"|864

|align="right"|547,820

|align="right"|634.05

|align="right"|2014

style="height:50px;"

|86

|Donetsk People's Republic{{Ref_label|d|d|none}}{{Ref_label|f|f|none}}

|Donetsk

|File:Flag of Donetsk People's Republic.svg

|45x45px

| rowspan="2" | republic

|{{n/a}}

|Denis Pushilin (UR/ODDR)

|

|

|align="right"|26,517{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|4,100,280{{cite book |url=http://database.ukrcensus.gov.ua/PXWEB2007/ukr/publ_new1/2021/zb_chuselnist%202021.pdf |publisher=State Statistics Service of Ukraine |location=Kyiv |language=uk,en |script-title=uk:"Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2021" |title=Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211221135256/http://database.ukrcensus.gov.ua/PXWEB2007/ukr/publ_new1/2021/zb_chuselnist%202021.pdf |archive-date= Dec 21, 2021 }}{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|154.63{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|2022

style="height:50px;"

|87

|Luhansk People's Republic{{Ref_label|d|d|none}}{{Ref_label|f|f|none}}

|Luhansk

|File:Flag of the Luhansk People's Republic.svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Leonid Pasechnik (UR/ML)

|

|

|align="right"|26,684{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|2,121,322{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|79.50{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|2022

style="height:50px;"

|88

|Zaporozhye Oblast{{Ref_label|d|d|none}}{{Ref_label|f|f|none}}

|Melitopol {{small|(de facto)}}
Zaporizhzhia {{small|(claimed)}}

|File:Flag of the Russian administered Zaporizhzhia Oblast (1).svg

|45x45px

| rowspan="2" |oblast

|{{n/a}}

|Yevgeny Balitsky (UR)

|

|

|align="right"|27,183{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|1,666,515{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|61.31{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|2022

style="height:50px;"

|89

|Kherson Oblast{{Ref_label|d|d|none}}{{Ref_label|f|f|none}}

|Henichesk {{small|(de facto)}}
Kherson {{small|(claimed)}}
(Largest city: Kherson)

|File:Flag of Kherson Oblast (Russia).svg

|45x45px

|{{n/a}}

|Vladimir Saldo (Ind.)

|

|

|align="right"|28,461{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|1,016,707{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|35.72{{Ref_label|g|g|none}}

|align="right"|2022

=Notes=

{{Refbegin}}

a. {{Note_label|a|a|none}} The largest city is also listed when it is different from the capital/administrative centre.

b. {{Note_label|b|b|none}} According to Article 13 of the Charter of Leningrad Oblast, the governing bodies of the oblast are located in the city of Saint Petersburg. However, Saint Petersburg is not officially the administrative centre of the oblast.

c. {{Note_label|c|c|none}} According to Article 24 of the Charter of Moscow Oblast, the governing bodies of the oblast are located in the city of Moscow and throughout the territory of Moscow Oblast. However, Moscow is not officially the administrative centre of the oblast.

d. {{Note_label|d|d|none}} Internationally recognized as part of Ukraine.

e. {{Note_label|e|e|none}} In February 2000, the former code of 20 for the Chechen Republic was cancelled and replaced with code 95. License plate production was suspended due to the Chechen Wars, causing numerous issues, which in turn forced the region to use a new code.

f. {{Note_label|f|f|none}} Claimed, but only partially controlled by Russia.

g. {{Note_label|g|g|none}} As Russia only partially controls the region, this is a claimed figure.

{{Refend}}

Statistics of federal subjects

Mergers, splits and internal territorial changes {{anchor|Mergers}}

File:Russian Subjects merged.png

Starting in 2005, some of the federal subjects were merged into larger territories. In this process, six very sparsely populated subjects (comprising in total 0.3% of the population of Russia) were integrated into more populated subjects, with the hope that the economic development of those territories would benefit from the much larger means of their neighbours. The merging process was finished on 1 March 2008. No new mergers have been planned since March 2008. The six territories became "administrative-territorial regions with special status". They have large proportions of minorities, with Russians being a majority only in three of them. Four of those territories have a second official language in addition to Russian: Buryat (in two of the merged territories), Komi-Permian, Koryak. This is an exception: all the other official languages of Russia (other than Russian) are set by the Constitutions of its constituent Republics (Mordovia, Chechnya, Dagestan etc.). The status of the "administrative-territorial regions with special status" has been a subject of criticism because it does not appear in the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

class="wikitable sortable"
Date of referendum

! Date of merger

! Original entities

! Original codes

! New code

! Original entities

! New entity

2003-12-07

| 2005-12-01

| style="text-align:center;"|1, 1a

| style="text-align:center;"|59 (1), 81 (1a)

| style="text-align:center;"|90

| Perm Oblast (1) + Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug (1a)

| Perm Krai

2005-04-17

| 2007-01-01

| style="text-align:center;"|2, 2a, 2b

| style="text-align:center;"|24 (2), 88 (2a), 84 (2b)

| style="text-align:center;"|24

| Krasnoyarsk Krai (2) + Evenk Autonomous Okrug (2a) + Taymyr Autonomous Okrug (2b)

| Krasnoyarsk Krai

2005-10-23

| 2007-07-01

| style="text-align:center;"|3, 3a

| style="text-align:center;"|41 (3), 82 (3a)

| style="text-align:center;"|91

| Kamchatka Oblast (3) + Koryak Autonomous Okrug (3a)

| Kamchatka Krai

2006-04-16

| 2008-01-01

| style="text-align:center;"|4, 4a

| style="text-align:center;"|38 (4), 85 (4a)

| style="text-align:center;"|38

| Irkutsk Oblast (4) + Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug (4a)

| Irkutsk Oblast

2007-03-11

| 2008-03-01

| style="text-align:center;"|5, 5a

| style="text-align:center;"|75 (5), 80 (5a)

| style="text-align:center;"|92

| Chita Oblast (5) + Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug (5a)

| Zabaykalsky Krai

In addition to those six territories that entirely ceased to be subjects of the Russian Federation and were downgraded to territories with special status, another three subjects have a status of subject but are simultaneously part of a more populated subject:

With an estimated population of 49348 as of 2018, Chukotka is currently the least populated subject of Russia that is not part of a more populated subject. It was separated from Magadan Oblast in 1993. Chukotka is one of the richest subjects of Russia (with a Gross Regional Product [GRP] per capita equivalent to that of Australia) and therefore does not fit in the pattern of merging a subject to benefit from the economic dynamism of the neighbour.

In 1992, Ingushetia separated from Chechnya, both to stay away from the growing violence in Chechnya and as a bid to obtain the Eastern part of Northern Ossetia (it did not work: the Chechen conflict spread violence to Ingushetia, and North Ossetia retained its Prigorodny District). Those two Muslim republics, populated in vast majority (95%+) by closely related Vainakh people, speaking Vainakhish languages, remain the two poorest subjects of Russia, with the GRP per capita of Ingushetia being equivalent to that of Iraq. According to 2016 statistics, however, they are also the safest regions of Russia, and also have the lowest alcohol consumption, with alcohol poisoning at least 40 times lower than the federal average.{{Cite web |title=БГД - Регионы России. Социально-экономические показатели - 2017 г. |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/bgd/regl/b17_14p/Main.htm |website=rosstat.gov.ru }}{{cite web |url-status=dead |url=https://fedstat.ru/indicator/31270 |title=Число умерших по основным классам и отдельным причинам смерти в расчете на 100000 населения за год |website=ЕМИСС |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326204143/https://fedstat.ru/indicator/31270|archive-date=March 26, 2018}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=2958301|title="Рейтинг трезвости-2017": кто в России меньше всех пьет |language=Russian |date=November 27, 2017 |website=Вести.Ru |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230702035502/https://www.vesti.ru/article/1652224 |archive-date= Jul 2, 2023 }}

Until 1994, Sokolsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast was part of Ivanovo Oblast.

In 2011–2012, the territory of Moscow increased by 140% (to {{cvt|2511|km2}}) by acquiring part of Moscow Oblast.

On 13 May 2020, the governors of Arkhangelsk Oblast and Nenets Autonomous Okrug announced their plan to merge following the collapse of oil prices stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic.{{Cite web|title="Catastrophic" economic situation prompts merger talks for Nenets AO and Arkhangelsk Oblast|url=https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/2020/05/catastrophic-economic-situation-prompts-merger-talks-nenets-ao-and-arkhangelsk-oblast|last=Quinn|first=Eilís|date=2020-05-14|website=The Barents Observer|language=en|access-date=2020-05-15}}{{Cite web|title=Russian Regions to Become Single Federal Subject in Decade-First|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/05/13/russian-regions-to-become-single-federal-subject-in-decade-first-a70263|date=2020-05-13|website=The Moscow Times|language=en|access-date=2020-05-15}} The process was scrapped on 2 July due to its unpopularity among the population.{{Cite web|last=Antonova|first=Elizaveta|date=2 July 2020|title=The head of the Nenets Autonomous District declared refusal to unite with the Arkhangelsk region|url=https://www.rbc.ru/politics/02/07/2020/5efe1a469a7947457ecd4b4f|access-date=6 July 2020|website=RBC|language=ru}}

See also

References

=Notes=

{{reflist}}

=Sources=

  • {{RussiaBasicLawRef}}

{{Federal subjects of Russia}}

{{Lists of Russian federal subjects}}

{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of European countries}}

{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries}}

{{Authority control}}

Russia 1

Category:First-level administrative divisions by country

Category:Countries and territories where Russian is an official language

Category:History of Russia (1991–present)