Folk costume#Africa
{{Short description|Expression of identity through clothing, usually associated with a geographic area}}
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{{Western dress codes|supplementary}}
Folk costume, traditional dress, traditional attire or folk attire, is clothing of an ethnic group, nation or region, and expresses cultural, religious or national identity. An ethnic group's clothing may also be called ethnic clothing or ethnic dress. Traditional clothing includes everyday and formal wear. The word "costume" in this context is sometimes considered pejorative, as the word has more than one meaning, and thus "clothing", "dress", "attire" or "regalia" can be substituted without offense.See wikt:costume#Usage notes{{better source needed|date=January 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Reese |first1=Debbie |title=The word "costume" and American Indians |url=https://americanindiansinchildrensliterature.blogspot.com/2007/05/word-costume-and-american-indians-when.html |website=American Indians in Children's Literature |date=15 May 2007 |access-date=9 November 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Arce |first1=Isis |title=Native Regalia is NOT a Costume! |url=https://voicesofnativeyouth.com/native-regalia-is-not-a-costume/ |website=Voices of Native Youth |date=4 February 2019 |access-date=9 November 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Higgins |first1=Julissa |title=Opinion: Why It's Time to Stop Using the Word "Garb" |url=https://www.fashionstudiesjournal.org/notes/2018/5/7/opinion-why-its-time-to-stop-using-the-word-garb |website=The Fashion Studies Journal |date=7 May 2018 |access-date=9 November 2023}}
Following the rise of romantic nationalism{{cite encyclopedia |title=Dress, design: Introductory survey essay|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Romantic Nationalism in Europe|year=2022|last1=Martinez|first1= Gimeno|last2= Leerssen|first2=Joep|publisher=Study Platform on Interlocking Nationalisms|location=Amsterdam|id= |url=https://ernie.uva.nl/viewer.p/21/56/object/122-160800|access-date=November 7, 2023}} in parts of Europe, pre-industrial peasantry came to serve as ideals for genuinity and desirability. Garments evoking peasant dress were made from traditional pre-industrial textiles.
In regions where Western dress styles are common, traditional garments are often worn during special events or celebrations. International events may cater to non-Western attendees with a compound dress code such as "business suit or national dress".
In some contemporary societies, traditional garments are required by sumptuary laws. For example, in Bhutan the {{lang|dz|italic=no|driglam namzha}} mandates what citizens should wear in public spaces.{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.in/magazine-story/bhutans-queen-mother-sangay-choden-wangchuck-on-weaves-in-everyday-life/|title=Bhutan's Queen Mother Sangay Choden Wangchuck on weaves in everyday life|last=Shah|first=Shalini|website=Vogue India|date=October 31, 2016|access-date=November 3, 2023}} Bhutanese citizens must wear the traditional clothing of the Ngalop people, including a {{lang|dz|gho}} and {{lang|dz|kera}} for men and a {{lang|dz|kira}} and {{lang|dz|wonju}} for women,{{cite web|url=https://www.dailybhutan.com/article/driglam-namzha-why-the-bhutanese-do-what-they-do|title=Driglam Namzha: Why The Bhutanese Do What They Do|last=Lhamo|first=Passang|website=Daily Bhutan|date=April 2, 2019|access-date=November 3, 2023}} including for official business, schools and institutions, and official occasions and assemblies.{{cite book |last=Altmann |first=Karin |title=Fabric of Life - Textile Arts in Bhutan: Culture, Tradition and Transformation |date=2016 |publisher=De Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-042861-2 |location=Berlin, München, Boston |pages=30–32 |doi=10.1515/9783110428612}} These restrictions apply when people are in or near "monastic fortresses ({{lang|dz|dzong}}), monasteries ({{lang|dz|gompa}}) and temples ({{lang|dz|lhakhang}}), and government buildings. Karin Altmann, a textile art scholar, describes the intent behind this law "to prevent specific features of Bhutanese culture from disappearing," and "to emphasize national identity", but it has contributed to conflict due to the ethnic and cultural diversity of Bhutan.{{cite journal |title=Lhotshampas |url=https://minorityrights.org/minorities/lhotshampas/ |website=Minority Rights |date=6 May 2020 |access-date=10 November 2023}}
Africa
=Central Africa=
- Cameroon{{cite web |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Saheli |title=Anthropology in Fashion: Cultural Clothing in Central Africa |url=https://www.yoair.com/blog/anthropology-in-fashion-cultural-clothing-in-central-africa/ |website=YOAIR Blog |access-date=8 November 2023}}{{cite web |title=Traditional Tuesday: Cameroon edition |url=https://nenefashion.wordpress.com/2015/03/04/traditional-tuesday-cameroon-edition/ |website=Nene Fashion |date=4 March 2015 |access-date=8 November 2023}} – {{lang|fr|pagne}}, kabba, head tie (female), toghu, {{lang|fr|boubou}}, kwa, gandura (male); dress is highly dependent on region and ethnicity.
- Central African Republic – {{lang|fr|Pagne}}, {{lang|fr|boubou}}
- Chad – {{lang|fr|Boubou}}, {{lang|ar|jalabiya}}, {{lang|fr|pagne}}
- Democratic Republic of the Congo – {{lang|fr|Pagne}}, Liputa style of dress, kuba cloth
- Equatorial Guinea – Pano
- Gabon – {{lang|fr|Pagne}}, {{lang|fr|boubou}}, Abacost suit{{cite news |last1=Rabimov |first1=Stephan |title=Gabon's 'Heritage' On Display At The New York Fashion Week: Men's |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/stephanrabimov/2017/07/12/gabons-heritage-on-display-at-the-new-york-fashion-week-mens/?sh=2b44c3ef30d8 |access-date=8 November 2023 |work=Forbes|date=July 12, 2017}}
- Republic of the Congo – {{lang|fr|Pagne}}, {{lang|fr|boubou}}
- São Tomé and Príncipe – Pano, {{lang|fr|boubou}}
=Eastern Africa=
- Burundi – {{lang|rn|Imvutano}}
- Comoros{{cite web |title=Come Discover the Culture of Comoros |url=https://adorecomores.com/culture/ |website=Adore Comores |date=7 June 2021 |access-date=11 November 2023}} – {{lang|pt|Lesso}}, shiromani, salouva, bwibwi (female), kandu, {{lang|sw|kofia}} (male)
- Djibouti – Macawiis (male), Koofiyad (male), Dirac (female), Garbasaar (female); the Afar people have their style of traditional clothing.
- Eritrea – Kidan Habesha (male), zuria or Habesha kemis (female)
- Ethiopia – Ethiopian suit or Kidan Habesha (male), Habesha kemis (female); each ethnic group has a traditional style of dress.
- Kenya – There is no national costume, per se, but leso (kanga) is worn throughout Kenya; kikoi, similar to kanga fabric, is also widespread. All tribes have their respective traditional garments, though; for example, the Maasai wear their traditional shuka and beadwork
- Madagascar – Lamba
- Mauritius and Réunion – Sega dress
- Rwanda – Mushanana
- Seychelles – Kanmtole dress
- Somalia – Kanzu or Khamiis, Macawiis (male), Kitenge, Koofiyad (male), Dirac (female), Guntiino (female), Garbasaar (female)
- Sudan – Jalabiyyah, Taqiyyah, and Turban (male), Toob, a cotton women's dress (female)
- Tanzania – kanzu and kofia (male), kanga (female);{{cite web |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Saheli |title=Anthropology in Fashion: Cultural Clothing in Eastern Africa |url=https://www.yoair.com/blog/anthropology-in-fashion-cultural-clothing-in-eastern-africa/ |website=YOAIR Blog |access-date=8 November 2023}} varies by tribe
- Uganda – Kanzu and Kofia (male), Gomesi (female), Mushanana (Female - South Western Uganda)
=Northern Africa=
- Algeria – Burnous, ghlila, caftan, gandoura, haik, jellaba, m'laya, and sarouel
- Northern Algeria – Karakou (Algiers); labsa Naïlia (Ouled Naïl); labsa M'zabia (Mozabite people)
- Northeast – Gandoura Annabiya (Annaba); qashabiya, melhfa chaouïa (Chaoui people); labsa Kbaylia (Kabyle people); binouar Staifi (Sétif)
- Northwest – Blouza (Oran); chedda of Tlemcen
- Southern Algeria – Tagelmust, akhebay (Tuareg people)
- Western Algeria – El-melhfa Sahraoui (Sahrawis)
- Egypt – Galabeya
- Libya – Jellabiya, farmla (embroidered vest), fouta
- Morocco – Djellaba, fez, and balgha (male), takchita (female)
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic – Darra'a (male), el-melhfa Sahraoui (female)
- Tunisia – Jebba, chechia, fouta
=Southern Africa=
- Angola – Pano
- Botswana – leteisi and Tshega
- Lesotho – Shweshwe clothing and basotho blankets, Mokorotlo
- Malawi – Chitenje
- Mozambique – Capulana
- Namibia – Herero traditional clothing, like the ohorokova dress and the otjikaiva hat{{cite news |last1=Kanungo |first1=Pallavi |title=Ohorokova: The African attire born out of protest |url=https://htschool.hindustantimes.com/editorsdesk/knowledge-vine/ohorokova-the-african-attire-born-out-of-protest |access-date=8 November 2023 |work=HT School |publisher=Hindustan Times |date=February 23, 2023}}
- South Africa –
- Xhosa{{cite web |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Saheli |title=Anthropology in Fashion: Cultural Clothing in Southern Africa |url=https://www.yoair.com/blog/anthropology-in-fashion-cultural-clothing-in-southern-africa/ |website=YOAIR Blog |access-date=8 November 2023}} – Umbhaco (men and women); faskoti, inxili (sling bag), ncebetha, iqhiya, ibhayi (women); ingqosha, isidanga, unngqa (men)
- Zulu – Isicholo, isidwaba, umutsha, ibheshu
- Sotho – Shweshwe, basotho blankets, Mokorotlo
- Afrikaners and Rooineks – slouch hat, safari shirt, veldskoen, knee-high socks, khaki Bermuda shorts or trousers.
- Zambia – Chitenje
- Zimbabwe – ibhetshu, isidwaba, isicholo, Chitenje
=Western Africa=
- Benin – Dashiki suit and Fila gobi, Abeti Aja, Kufi(male), Iro ati Buba, Wrapper set (female)
- Burkina Faso – Batakari (male), Kaftan (female)
- Cape Verde – Pano de terra
- Côte d'Ivoire – Kente cloth (male), Kente kaba and slit set (female)
- Gambia – Boubou (male), Kaftan (female)
- Ghana – Kente cloth or Ghanaian smock (called fugu or batakari) and kufi (male), Kente kaba and slit set (female), agbada (male)
- Guinea – Boubou (male), Kaftan (female)
- Guinea-Bissau – Ethnic clothes of Guinea-Bissau; for example: Fula: Boubou (male), Kaftan (female)
- Liberia – Dashiki suit and Kufi (male), Buba and skirt set (female)
- Mali – Grand boubou and Kufi (male), Kaftan (female), bogolan{{cite web |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Saheli |title=Anthropology in Fashion: Cultural Clothing in Western Africa |url=https://www.yoair.com/blog/anthropology-in-fashion-cultural-clothing-in-western-africa/ |website=YOAIR Blog |access-date=8 November 2023}}
- Mauritania – Darra'a (male), Melhfa (female)
- Niger – Souban cloth, Melhfa, Babban riga, Tagelmust, Alasho (male), Kaftan (female)
- Nigeria – Agbada, Dashiki or Isiagu and Fila gobi, Fila Abeti Aja (male), Iro ati Buba, Wrapper (clothing) (female); every ethnic group has their style of traditional dress, worn mostly for special occasions such as weddings and national holidays
- Senegal – Senegalese kaftan and Kufi (male), Kaftan (female)
- Togo – Batakari, Agbada or Ewe kente cloth (male), Pagne or kente kaba (female)
Americas
=Central America and Caribbean Islands=
- Antigua and Barbuda – plaid dress, with white pinafore for women, designed by Heather Doram
- Bahamas – None, unofficially Androsia-cloth clothing. Junkanoo costumes can be considered folk costume but fall more into the sector of carnival dress than traditional garment.
- Belize
- Mestizos – Huipil (female), Guayabera (male)
- Mayas – All tribes wear distinct kinds of Mayan dress.
- Cuba – Guayabera, panama hat (male), guarachera{{cite book|editor1-last=Condra|editor1-first=Jill|title=Encyclopedia of National Dress, Vol. I|date=2013|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara, CA|page=123|isbn=978-0-313-37637-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lazWAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA123}} (female)
- Dominican Republic – Chacabana, panama hat
- Dominica – Madras
- Guatemala – Huipil, Corte skirt, Tocado (female), Todosantero suit (male)
- Haiti – Karabela dress (female), Shirt jacket (male)
- Jamaica – Bandanna cloth Quadrille dress (female), Bandanna cloth shirt and white trousers (male), Jamaican Tam
- Mexico – Charro outfit, Guayabera, Sarape, Sombrero (male), Rebozo, China Poblana dress (female); every state has a typical folk dress, for example:
- Chiapas – Chiapaneca
- El Norte – cowboy hats, cowboy boots, bandanna; indigenous communities, like the Yaqui, Seri and Rarámuri, conserve traditional apparel.
- Oaxaca – Tehuana
- Querétaro, Hidalgo and San Luis Potosí – Quechquemitl
- Tamaulipas – Cuera tamaulipeca
- Veracruz – Guayabera
- Yucatán – Guayabera (male), Huipil (female)
- Nicaragua – Huipil, Rebozo (female), Cotona (male)
- Panama – Pollera (female), Montuno (male)
- Puerto Rico – Guayabera, panama hat (male), enaguas (female)
- St. Lucia – Madras
- Trinidad and Tobago – Tobago has an Afro-Tobagonian Creole culture with the Bélé costumes as their typical garment, commonly made of madras. Trinidad, however, has no defined national garment; the two major ethnic groups in the island wear the following during cultural occasions:
- Afro-Trinidadians and Tobagonians – Guayabera or Dashiki (male), Booboo (female)
- Indo-Trinidadians and Tobagonians – Kurta, Dhoti, Sherwani (male), Sari, Choli, Lehenga (female)
=Northern America=
- Bermuda – Bermuda shorts
- Canada – Each region has its own traditional costume:
- Lumberjacks of Quebec and Ontario – Traditional logging wear includes mackinaw jackets or flannel shirts, with headgear being a tuque or trapper hat; a good example is seen with folk characters like Big Joe Mufferaw. Many stereotypes that foreigners (non-Canadians) have regarding Canadian folk costume (as well as other customs) actually come from Quebec and Ontario.
- Maritimes – Acadians wear their traditional heritage clothing on special occasions like the Tintamarre. The Scottish background in Nova Scotia has brought the Nova Scotia tartan as folk wear in the form of kilts, aboyne dresses and trews for Scottish highland dance competitions.
- Newfoundland – Traditional mummers dress in masks and baggy clothes in Christmas season celebrations; the Cornish influence has also brought yellow oilskins and sou'westers as typical wear in coastal areas.
- Nunavut and other Inuit communities – Parka, mukluks, amauti
- Prairies – Cowboy costume is common on events such as the Calgary Stampede; often worn with Calgary White Hats.
- Quebec and French Canadians – Ceinture fléchée, Capote, tuque
- Métis – Ceinture fléchée, Capote, Moccasins
- First Nations – button blanket, buckskins, moccasins, Chilkat blanket, Cowichan sweater, war bonnet. Many communities prefer the word "Regalia" to denote their folk dress.
- United States – Each region has its own traditional costume.
- Alaska – Kuspuks, worn with dark pants and mukluks, as well as parkas are traditional native wear.
- Hawaii – See the Oceania section, below
- American Southwest, Texas and rural areas in the Midwestern and Western US – Cowboy costume, derived from original Mexican vaquero and American pioneer garb is traditional dress in Texas, the Southwestern US, and many rural communities, including cowboy hats, Western shirts, cowboy boots, jeans, chaps, prairie skirts, and bolo ties. Many stereotypes that foreigners (non-Americans) have regarding American folk costume actually come from this region.
- Utah – Mormons may dress in 19th-century pioneer clothing for Mormon trek-related activities and events.
- American Upper Midwest, Pacific Northwest, the northern portions of the Great Lakes Basin and northern New England (especially Maine) – Due to the cold weather, the garb in rural areas tends to more closely adhere to heavier materials, such as flannel shirts or Buffalo plaid mackinaw jackets, and a knit cap or, in the case of the Upper Peninsula, a Stormy Kromer cap. A good example is seen in the typical attire of Paul Bunyan, a folk hero popular in areas where logging was a common occupation, as well as lumberjacks working in the area. Due to the cold climate very similar to that of neighboring Canada, the style of clothing worn in the region is generally associated more with Canada than with the United States by foreigners (non-Americans).
- The Amish (mostly found in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana) follow a style of plain dress.
- Deep South – Traditional Southern US wear includes white seersucker suits and string ties for men, and sun hats and large Southern belle-style dresses for women.
- Louisiana – The Cajun people of Louisiana traditionally wear the colorful capuchon for Mardi Gras celebrations. Creole women used to historically wear the tignon, mostly in plain or madras fabrics, but it is now sometimes worn for heritage events or cultural reasons.
- South Carolina and Georgia – Gullah communities in the South Carolina Lowcountry and Sea Islands preserve the traditional African-style clothing and culture.
- Nantucket – Summer residents of Nantucket will often wear Nantucket Reds.
- Various styles of Native American clothing; for example, traditional pow-wow regalia for Plains Indians: Moccasins, buckskins, glass beads, breech clouts, and war bonnets or roaches.
=Southern America=
- Argentina – Gaucho costume; every province has a specific design of poncho, with the poncho salteño being the most recognized.
- Bolivia – Poncho, Chullo, Andean pollera
- Brazil – Each region has its own traditional costume.
- Bahia – Baiana and Abadá
- Samba costumes for Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian carnival costumes are used only during the four days of Carnival by Samba schools members. Outside of Carnival, the most traditional men's clothing is that of the malandro carioca (carioca rascal) or sambista, a stereotype of the samba singer, with white pants, a striped shirt, white jacket, and a straw hat. Many stereotypes that foreigners have regarding Brazilian folk costume (as well as other customs) actually come from the state of Rio de Janeiro.
- Caipiras (Brazilian country folk) in São Paulo, Goiás and other nearby states conserve traditional folk styles of clothing, imitated by participants of festa juninas.
- Gaúcho costumes for Rio Grande Do Sul.
- Pará – typical clothing of Carimbó, a popular dance from the northern region of Brazil.
- Indigenous clothes for many states within the Amazônia Legal area. In this region, there is an extensive indigenous community with different ethnicities, and each of them has their own typical clothes.
- An example (among several) is the kushma used by the Asháninka.
- Northeastern sertão (desert) – Cangaceiro clothing
- Chile – Huaso costume: Chamanto, Chupalla, Poncho
- Colombia – Sombrero Vueltiao, ruana, white shirt, trousers and alpargatas (male), blouse, Cumbia pollera, Sombrero vueltiao and alpargatas (female); every region has a distinct costume.
- Ecuador – Poncho, Panama hat
- Guyana – Guyana is unique among South American nations to not have a designated style of national dress. Every ethnic group wears their cultural clothing during important events or occasions:
- Afro-Guyanese – Dashiki or Shirt jacket (male), Booboo (female)
- Indo-Guyanese – Kurta, Sherwani, Churidar (male), Sari, Lehenga (female)
- Every indigenous tribe wears their tribal clothes during culture events or important occasions.
- Paraguay – Ao po'i
- Peru – Chullo, Poncho, Andean pollera
- Suriname – Kotomisse, Pangi cloth
- Uruguay – Gaucho costume
- Venezuela – Llanero costume (Liqui liqui and pelo e' guama hat; men), Joropo dress and pelo e' guama hat (women)
Asia
=Central Asia=
- Tajikistan – Chapan, tubeteika, turban, paranja
- Kazakhstan{{cite web |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Saheli |title=Anthropology in Fashion: Cultural Clothing in Central Asia |url=https://www.yoair.com/blog/anthropology-in-fashion-cultural-clothing-in-central-asia/ |website=YOAIR Blog |access-date=8 November 2023}} – Shapan, zhargak, zhegde, kalpak, jargaq shapa (male), saukele, kimeshek, koylek (female), shalbar, kupe (male and female)
- Kyrgyzstan – Chapan, terishym (salwar), kalpak (male), saukele, beldemchi, koylek, elechek (female), koinok (male and female)
- Turkmenistan – Chapan
- Uzbekistan – Khalat, tubeteika, chapan, turban, paranja
- Xinjiang, China – Uyghurs, Tatars and other Turkic people: Tubeteika, khalat, chapan
- Tibet, China – Chuba
=Sinosphere=
- China proper – transethnically Mao suit (men) and Qipao (women)
- Han Chinese – Hanfu (shenyi, ruqun, shanku), also Manchu-inspired clothing (tangzhuang, qipao, changshan).Many stereotypes that foreigners have regarding Chinese folk costume (and other customs) actually come from only the Han Chinese.
- Taiwanese indigenous peoples – traditional garments such as the ibibogo (men's daily jacket) and dalabu (women's daily top) (Rukai),{{cite web |title=The Clothing of Taiwan's Indigenous People– Men and Women's Clothes |url=https://culture.teldap.tw/culture/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=153 |website=Digital Taiwan - Culture & Nature |access-date=10 November 2023}} the pearl-adorned shirts and skirts of the Tayal,{{cite web |title=Dress and Dressing Up |url=https://tme.ncl.edu.tw/en/old-photographs/faces-of-the-century-part-ii/%E6%9C%8D%E9%A3%BE%E8%88%87%E8%A3%9D%E6%89%AEen |website=Taiwan Memory Exhibition |publisher=National Central Library |access-date=10 November 2023}} and the hundred-pace viper design of the Bunun.{{cite web |title=Bunun |url=https://www.cip.gov.tw/en/tribe/grid-list/7F4BACB58C965B51D0636733C6861689/info.html?cumid=D0636733C6861689 |website=Council of Indigenous Peoples | date=20 December 2010 |access-date=10 November 2023}}
- Japan – Wafuku: kimono, junihitoe, sokutai
- Fukuoka Prefecture – Mizu happi and shime-komi
- Hokkaido – Ainu clothing, such as a tepa, a sacred belt called raun kut or upsoro kut, a konci (hood), hos (leggings), and grass skin jackets like tetarabe and utarbe; ceremonial garments include a sapanpe and a matanpushi
- Ryukyu – Ryusou
- Okinawa – Kariyushi shirt
- Korea – Hanbok (South Korea) or chosŏn-ot (North Korea)
=North Asia=
- Russia (Urals, Siberian Federal District, and Far Eastern Siberia) – Clothing of Siberian nationalities (Buryats, Yakuts, Altai people, amongst others)
- Buryatia and Tuva – {{transliteration|mn|Deel}}
- Altai Republic — {{transliteration|alt|ton}} (fur coat), {{transliteration|alt|sürü börük}} (cap), {{transliteration|alt|kaptal}} (overcoat), and the {{transliteration|alt|chegedek}} (Altai-Kizhi) or {{transliteration|alt|chedek}} (Telengits), a sleeveless cloak historically the daily and ceremonial wear of married women, now worn only as bridal attire or during festive occasions{{cite journal |last1=Hejzlarová |first1=Tereza |title=Traditions and Innovations in the Clothing of Southern Altaians |journal=Annals of the Náprstek Museum |date=2019 |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=13–17 |doi=10.2478/anpm-2019-0002 |s2cid=208534450 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337089399 |access-date=2 December 2023|doi-access=free }}
- Mongolia (both outer and inner) – Deel
- Manchuria (Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces, China) – Qizhuang (changshan, magua)
=South Asia=
- Afghanistan{{cite web |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Saheli |title=Anthropology in Fashion: Cultural Clothing in South Asia |url=https://yoair.com/blog/anthropology-in-fashion-cultural-clothing-in-south-asia/ |website=YOAIR Blog |access-date=8 November 2023}} – Pashtun dress: pakul, lungee, chapan (khalat), shalwar kameez (male), and firaq partug, burqa, chador, niqab (female)
- Bangladesh{{cite web |url=https://bangladeshiheritage.com/traditional-dress-of-bangladesh/|title=Traditional Dress of Bangladesh That Reflect Our Culture and Heritage|last=Al Mamun|first=Abdullah|date=May 28, 2023|website=Bangladeshi Heritage|access-date= November 7, 2023|quote=}} – Sherwani, kurta (panjabi), lungi, fotua, gamcha (male), and shari, long skirt, mexi,{{cite news |title=What to Wear in Bangladesh|url=https://www.whattowearonvacation.com/destinations/asia-far-east/bangladesh/134-what-to-wear-in-bangladesh/|work=whattowearonvacation.|access-date=19 July 2023}} selwar kamiz, orna, kurtee (female)
- Bhutan – Ngalop people: Gho, kera, toego, kabney (male) and kira, wonju, rachus (female)
- India{{cite web |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Saheli |title=Anthropology in Fashion: Cultural Clothing in India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan |url=https://www.yoair.com/blog/anthropology-in-fashion-cultural-clothing-in-india-bangladesh-and-pakistan/ |website=YOAIR Blog |access-date=8 November 2023}}{{cite web |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-are-the-traditional-dresses-of-india.html|title=What Are Examples Of Traditional Indian Clothing?|last=Sawe |first=Benjamin|date=April 25, 2017|website=WorldAtlas|access-date= November 7, 2023|quote=}} – Achkan, sherwani, dhoti, phiran, kurta, turban (male) and shalwar kameez, sari, patiala salwar, lehenga, choli, pathin, mundum neriyatum (Malayali people of Kerala), Veshti (traditional dress of Tamils), dupatta (female), churidar (men and women); traditional dress of the Monpa people
- Maldives – Dhivehi libaas, feyli, buruga (women) and Dhivehi mundu (men)
- Nepal – Daura-Suruwal and Dhaka topi, (male) and Gunyou Cholo (female); traditional Newar, Sunuwar, Rai, Limbu (bakku, chuwa) clothing
- Pakistan – Peshawari turban, shalwar kameez, churidar (male), shalwar kameez, dupatta, sari (sari not worn as often as shalwar kameeez) (female), pagri (men and women)
- Sri Lanka – Lama Sariya, Kandyan saree (Sinhalese), Nivi draped saree (female) and jathika anduma, mul anduma, kavaniya (male)
=Southeast Asia=
- Brunei – Baju Melayu, Songkok (male), Baju Kurung, Tudung (female)
- Cambodia{{cite web |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Saheli |title=Anthropology in Fashion: Cultural Clothing in Southeast Asia |url=https://www.yoair.com/blog/anthropology-in-fashion-cultural-clothing-in-southeast-asia/ |website=YOAIR Blog |access-date=8 November 2023}} – Sampot, Apsara, Sabai, Krama, Chang kben
- East Timor – Tais mane, tais feto
- Indonesia – There are numerous national and regional clothing in Indonesia due to the diversity of cultures that make up the island nation; they include:
- Batak tribe – Ulos (tenun fabric)
- Javanese people – Beskap, Batik, Blangkon, Songkok, Sarong (male), Kebaya, Tudung, Sarong (female).
- Malay people – Baju Melayu, Baju Kurung, Songket
- Papua – Koteka
- Laos – xout lao, suea pat, pha hang, pha biang, sinh
- Malaysia – Baju Melayu and Songkok (male), Baju Kurung, Baju Kebarung (Kebaya/Kurung hybrid), Tudung (female); every state has its style of baju including a special baju for the Federal Territories.
- Myanmar – Longyi, gaung baung, taipon (male), thummy, eingyi (female)
- Philippines – Barong tagalog (male) and Baro't saya; Maria Clara gown, Terno (female), Malong, Patadyong, Tapis, Salakot
- Singapore –
- Chinese Singaporeans – Hanfu, Cheongsam (female), Tangzhuang, Changshan (male)
- Indian Singaporeans – Sari (Female), Dhoti (Male), Kurta
- Malay Singaporeans – Baju Melayu (Male), Baju Kurung (female), Sarong
- Peranakans – Kebaya (female), Baju Lokchuan (male)
- Thailand – Chut thai: Thai Chakkri (female), Suea Phraratchathan (male), Chong kraben, and Sabai
- Vietnam – Vietnamese clothing: Áo giao lĩnh, Áo trực lĩnh(vi), Áo viên lĩnh, Áo đối khâm, Áo tứ thân, Áo ngũ thân(vi), Áo yếm, Áo nhật bình, Áo gấm, Áo tấc(vi), Áo dài, Áo bà ba
=West Asia=
- Armenia – Armenian dress ({{transliteration|hy|taraz}}) includes the arkhalig (long jacket), arakhchin, burka, chokha, kalpak, papakha, shalvar
- Azerbaijan – Azerbaijani traditional clothing include the arkhalig, chokha, kelaghayi, kalpak
- Cyprus – Zimbouni (waistcoat), vraka (men's breeches), and saiya (women's formal festival dress)
- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus – Cepken (yelek) vest, salta, yazma, potur, boynuz kemer
- Israel – A national symbol of Israel is the tembel hat; the sudra, gargush, the Hasidic rekel, the Sephardi kavese{{cite web |last1=Phelan |first1=Miriam |title=Sephardi Dress |url=https://jewishmuseum.org.uk/2017/08/18/sephardi-dress/ |website=Jewish Museum London |date=18 August 2017 |access-date=3 December 2023}} (hat); biblical sandals, see also Jewish religious clothing
- Iran – Chador, turban, thawb (dishdasha/kameez), zardozi, battoulah; Kurdish clothing, including Sanjabi selte (jacket), chokho-raanak (trousers)
- Iraq – Assyrian clothing, keffiyeh, Hashimi Dress, bisht, dishdasha, Kurdish clothing, agal
- Jordan – Keffiyeh, bisht, thawb, Bedouin clothing
- Lebanon – Tantour, labbade, sherwal, keffiyeh, taqiyah
- Kuwait – Dishdasha, keffiyeh
- Oman – Dishdasha, khanjar, keffiyeh
- Palestine – The keffiyeh, a symbol of Palestinian identity. The thawb, its most popular styles being from Bethlehem and Ramallah decorated with traditional Palestinian embroidery.
- Qatar – Thawb, keffiyeh
- Saudi Arabia – Thawb, ghutrah, agal, bisht, abaya, jilbab, niqab, Hejazi turban
- Syria – Dishdasha, sirwal, taqiyah, keffiyeh
- Turkey – Kalpak, yazma, kaftan, turban, salvar, Çarık, [https://www.matekostum.com.tr/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/TRABZON-CEPKEN.jpg Cepken-Yelek], Boynuz Kemer – Horn belt
- United Arab Emirates – Kandura, thawb, abaya; older women would still wear the battoulah visor
- Yemen – Thawb, izaar, turban, jambiya, niqab
Europe
{{Western dress codes}}
=Balto-Slavic Europe=
- Belarus – slutsk stash, the national type of wimple (namitka)
- Bulgaria – Every town has its own design of a national costume (nosia), with different types of clothing items traditional for each of the ethnographic regions of the country.{{cite web|url=http://www.nosia.bg/nosiite/ |title=Носиите – Жеравна 2014 |publisher=Nosia.bg |date=2013-06-16 |access-date=2014-08-27}}{{cite web |url=http://retrobulgaria.com/sbnn/index.html |title=Български народни носии – България в стари снимки и пощенски картички |publisher=Retrobulgaria.com |access-date=2014-08-27 |archive-date=2019-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428080130/http://retrobulgaria.com/sbnn/index.html }}
- Czech Republic and Slovakia – kroje
- Croatia – Croatian national costume, Lika cap, Šibenik cap
- Georgia – chokha (every region has its own specific design of Chokha), Papakha
- Latvia – Latvian national costumes (tautastērpi) vary by region{{cite web|url=http://www.senaklets.lv/eng.php|title=Latvian National Costumes|author=|date=|publisher=The National Costume Center SENĀ KLĒTS|access-date=November 3, 2023}}
- Lithuania – Aukštaitija, Žemaitija, Dzūkija, Suvalkija, and Klaipėdos (Mažoji Lietuva) have related but distinguishable folk dress{{cite web|url=http://www.lnkc.lt/go.php/eng/costumes/136912|title=National Costumes|author=|date=|publisher=Lithuanian National Culture Centre|access-date=November 3, 2023}}
- Montenegro – Montenegrin cap
- North Macedonia – Macedonian national costume
- Ossetia – Chokha
- Poland – czamara, żupan, kontusz, rogatywka; there are many regional styles, including those of Łowicz, Kurpie Zielone, Biłgoraj, Lachy Sądeckie, Kraków, Podhale, Szamotuły, and Kaszuby{{cite web |url=https://artsandculture.google.com/story/regional-types-%E2%80%93-traditional-polish-folk-costumes-the-state-ethnographic-museum-in-warsaw/2gXxTD7-cksaLQ?hl=en|title=Regional Types - Traditional Polish Folk Costumes|author=The State Ethnographic Museum in Warsaw|date=|website= |publisher=Google Arts & Culture|access-date=November 3, 2023}}
- Russia – many types, including bast shoes, Boyar hat, Ryasna, Sarafan,{{cite web |url=https://tmora.org/online-exhibitions/a-homespun-life-textiles-of-old-russia/introduction-to-traditional-dress/|title=Traditional Dress|author=|date=|publisher=The Museum of Russian Art|access-date=November 3, 2023}} Kaftan, Kokoshnik, Kosovorotka, Ushanka, Valenki; (Sami) Gákti, Luhkka for colder weather
- Caucasus republics (for example, Chechnya, North Ossetia-Alania and Adygea) – Chokha, Papakha, Ushanka in cold weather
- Mordovia – Mordovian national costume
- Serbia – Every region has different design of a national costume. Serbian traditional clothing, Lika cap, Montenegrin cap, Opanci, Šajkača, Šubara
- Kosovo – Traditional clothing of Kosovo, Qeleshe, Tirk, Xhubleta, Xhamadan, Opinga
- Slovenia – Gorenjska narodna noša
- Ukraine – national costumes of Ukraine include the Vyshyvanka, Sharovary, Żupan, and Ukrainian wreath{{cite web |url=https://artsandculture.google.com/story/get-the-ukrainian-look-ukrainian-folk-dress-national-center-of-folk-culture/OgURhGB0NRK4sQ?hl=en|title=Get the Ukrainian Look: Ukrainian Folk Dress|author=National Center of Folk Culture "Ivan Honchar Museum"|date=|publisher=Google Arts & Culture|access-date=November 3, 2023}}
=South Germanic Europe=
- Austria – Each state has a specific design on national costume; the most famous is that of Tyrol, consisting of the characteristic Tyrolean tracht and dirndls.
- Belgium – Bleu sårot (Wallonia)
- Germany – Every state has its own specific design of a regional costume (Tracht). For example, Bavaria's well-known tracht: Lederhosen and Dirndl. Many stereotypes that foreigners have regarding German folk costumes (as well as other customs) actually come from the state of Bavaria.
- Hungary – elements of Hungarian folk costumes include pendely (linen underskirt), gatya (pleated skirt-like pants), elejbőr (sheepskin vest-like item), kacagány (fur pelt), and ködmön (sheepskin coat){{cite magazine|last=Béni|first=Alexandra|date=January 18, 2018|title=Get to know the invaluable Hungarian folk costumes|url=https://dailynewshungary.com/get-know-invaluable-hungarian-folk-costumes/|magazine=Daily News Hungary|access-date= November 3, 2023}}
- Liechtenstein – Tracht, Dirndl
- Netherlands – Many areas, villages, and towns used to have their own traditional style of clothing. In the 21st century, only a few hundred people still wear traditional dresses and suits on a daily basis. They can be found mainly in Staphorst (about 700 women), Volendam (about 50 men) and Marken (about 40 women). Most well-known parts of Dutch folk costumes outside the Netherlands are probably the Dutch woman's bonnet and klompen.
- North Brabant – poffer
- Switzerland – Every canton has a specific design of national dress.
- German-speaking Cantons – Appenzell, Bern and Zug
=Northern Europe=
- Denmark – Folkedragt
- Faroe Islands – Føroysk klæði
- Greenland – Anorak
- England – English country clothing, Morris dance costumes, English clogs
- Northern England – Maud, Flat cap
- Lancashire – Lancashire shawl, clogs
- Northeast – Rapper dance costumes, Northumberland kilts and tartan
- Southern England – Smock
- Cornwall – Sou'wester hat, fisherman's smock, gansey, bal-maiden clothing, Cornish kilts and tartans
- London – Pearly kings and queens
- Estonia – Rahvarõivad,{{cite web|url=https://rahvaroivad.ee/en|title=Estonian Folk Costumes|author=|date=|website=rahvaroivad.ee|publisher=NGO Estonian National Costume (MTÜ Rahvarõivas)|access-date=December 23, 2023}} also known as rahvariided
- Finland – Every region has its own specific design of national costume (kansallispuku, nationaldräkt). These vary widely. Many of them resemble Swedish costumes, but some take influences from Russian costumes as well. For the Sami in Finland, each place has its own Gákti or Luhkka for colder weather.{{cite web|url=https://www.craftmuseum.fi/en/craft-museum-finland/activities-and-services/national-costume-center-finland|title=The National Costume Center of Finland|author=|date=|website=craftmuseum.fi|publisher=Craft Museum of Finland|access-date=November 3, 2023}}
- Iceland – Þjóðbúningurinn
- Ireland – Aran sweater, Irish walking hat, flat cap, Grandfather shirt, Galway shawl, brogue, Irish stepdance costume
- Norway – Every county (including Svalbard, which isn't a county) has a designated style of folk costume, or Bunad; the most famous bunader come from Hardanger and Setesdal; Sami: Gákti, and for colder weather, Luhkka{{cite web|url=https://bunadogfolkedrakt.no/bunadhistoria|title=Bunad history|author=|date=|website=bunadogfolkedrakt.no|publisher=Norsk institutt for bunad og folkedrakt (Norwegian Institute for Bunad and Folk Costume)|access-date=November 3, 2023}}
- Scotland – Highland dress: Kilt or trews, tam o'shanter or Balmoral bonnet, doublet, Aboyne dress, and brogues or ghillies.
- Scottish Lowlands – Maud, blue bonnet
- Sweden – the traditional folkdräkt has been specific to the local region and varied from province to province but has since 1983 been supplemented by an official National Costume, {{ill|Sverigedräkten|sv}}, common for all;{{cite web|url=https://seekscandinavia.com/swedish-traditional-clothing/|title=Swedish Traditional Clothing: The Ultimate Guide|author=|date=May 31, 2022|website=seekscandinavia.com|publisher=Seek Scandinavia|access-date=November 3, 2023}} first unisex design in 2022: Bäckadräkten;{{cite news | last = Welin | first = Matilda | date = January 10, 2023 | title = The Scandinavian Folk Clothing Right for Now | url = https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20230110-the-scandinavian-folk-clothing-right-for-now | work = The Collection | publisher = BBC | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230315034917/https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20230110-the-scandinavian-folk-clothing-right-for-now | archive-date = March 15, 2023 | access-date = February 27, 2024}} 18th century: Nationella dräkten; Sami: Gákti, Luhkka for colder weather
- Wales - The Traditional Welsh costume is often worn by women on Saint David's Day or by folk dancers, such as at the Eisteddfod; the dress was believed to have historically been worn more commonly by women in rural Wales.
=Graeco-Latin Europe=
- Albania – Albanian Traditional Clothing, Fustanella, Tirq, Xhamadan, Opinga
- Andorra – Barretina, espadrilles
- France – Every administrative region has a style of folk costume, varying by department.
- Brittany – Breton costume, varying by department and predominantly used in Cercles celtiques, pardons and festivals.
- French Basque Country – Beret, espadrille
- Greece – Fustanella, Breeches (Vraka), Amalia costume.
- Greek fisherman's caps in many coastal villages by the Aegean Sea.
- Italy – Italian folk dance costumes
- South Tyrol – Tracht and Dirndl
- Sardinia – Every town has its design of the traditional folk costume (see also Sardinian people for more information).
- Sicily – Coppola, Arbereshe costumes
- Malta – Għonnella
- Portugal – Every region has its own specific design of a national costume. The most famous costumes come from Viana do Castelo and Nazaré.
- Romania and Moldova – Romanian dress
- Spain – Every autonomous region has its own national costume.
- Andalusia – Sombrero cordobes, traje de flamenca, traje de luces, montera
- Basque Country – Beret, espadrilles
- Canary Islands – Every island has its specific style of traditional dress. Néstor Martín-Fernández de la Torre designed a costume in Gran Canaria in 1934 to serve as pan-islander costume for all islands, but only caught on in Gran Canaria, being specific to its capital city Las Palmas.
- Catalonia – Barretina, Faixa
- Galicia – Each province has its regional costume.
Oceania
=Australia and New Zealand=
- Australia
- Aboriginal Australians – fibercraft-made clothing, possum cloak
- European Australians – cork hat, bushwear: Moleskin trousers, bush shirt, Akubra slouch hat, Driza-Bone coat, Australian work boots
- Torres Strait Islands – Augemwalli
- New Zealand
- Māori – Piupiu, korowai or kakahu huruhuru.
- New Zealand Europeans – Swanndri bush jacket, slouch hat, walk shorts, and knee-high socks; or a black singlet and rugby shorts.
=Melanesia=
- Fiji – Sulu, chamba (sulu i ra), tapa cloth (called masi), i-sala, kuta (specifically in the village of Dama, Bua Province), bula; saree, shalwar kameez, and other Indo-Fijian traditional and religious clothing originating in South Asia{{cite web|url=https://thinkpacific.com/fijians-of-indian-descent-clothing/|title=Fijians of Indian Descent – Clothing|author=|date=|website=Think Pacific|publisher=Think Pacific Limited|access-date=November 7, 2023}}
- New Caledonia – Manou, robes mission{{cite web|url=https://www.ardici.nc/en/buy-what-and-where|title=Check out our iconic products: Mother Hubbard dresses|author=|date=|website=Ardici|publisher=Ardici: Artisanat de Nouvelle-Calédonie|access-date=November 7, 2023}}
- Papua New Guinea – Meri blaus, lap-lap, koteka, bilum (traditional string bags),{{cite news|last=McDonald|first=Hamish|date=January 18, 2023|title=Papua New Guinea's 'bilums' weave together function, fashion|url= https://asia.nikkei.com/Editor-s-Picks/Tea-Leaves/Papua-New-Guinea-s-bilums-weave-together-function-fashion|work=Nikkei Asia|location=Mount Hagen, Papua New Guinea|access-date=November 7, 2023}}{{cite web|url=https://archives.anu.edu.au/exhibitions/marie-reay-papua-new-guinea-exploring-cultures-through-objects/weaving-and-clothing|title=Weaving and clothing|author=|date=|website=archives.anu.edu.au|publisher=Australian National University|access-date=November 7, 2023}} grass covers
- Solomon Islands – Tapa cloth,{{cite web|url=https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/topic/1948|title=Tapa: Pacific Style - Solomon Islands tapa|author=|date=|website=tepapa.govt.nz|publisher=Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa|access-date=November 7, 2023}}{{cite news|author=|date=March 5, 2008|title=Traditional Tapa Valued in Tikopia |url= https://www.solomontimes.com/news/traditional-tapa-valued-in-tikopia/1441|work=Solomon Times|location=Honiara, Solomon Islands|access-date=November 7, 2023}} grass skirts, kap-kap,{{cite web|url=https://www.art-pacific.com/artifacts/nuguinea/solomons/jewelry.htm|title=Solomon Islands jewelry|last1=Leigh|first1=Carolyn|last2=Perry|first2=Ron|date=|website=Art-Pacific.com|access-date=November 7, 2023}} breastplates (called tema, tambe, or tepatu),{{cite web|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/313708|title=Breastplate (Tema, Tambe, or Tepatu)|author=|date=|website=metmuseum.org|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|access-date=November 7, 2023}} kabilato, aba obi (women), fo'osae (men){{cite magazine |last=Burt|first=Ben|date=March 1990|title=Kwara'ae Costume Ornaments|url=https://www.penn.museum/sites/expedition/kwaraae-costume-ornaments/|magazine=Expedition Magazine|volume=32|issue=1|access-date=November 7, 2023}}
- Vanuatu{{cite journal |last=Cummings|first=Maggie|date=2013|title=Looking Good: The Cultural Politics of the Island Dress for Young Women in Vanuatu|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/20074229.pdf|journal=The Contemporary Pacific|volume=25|issue=1|pages=33–65|doi= 10.1353/cp.2013.0007|hdl=10125/32890 |s2cid=145598013 |access-date=November 7, 2023}} – Aelan dress, lap-lap
=Micronesia=
- Federated States of Micronesia – Lap-lap (male), Grass skirt (female)
- Palau – Lap-lap (male), Grass skirt (female)
=Polynesia=
- Cook Islands – Pareo
- French Polynesia – Pareo
- Hawaii – Aloha shirt, Muumuu, Holokū, Pāʻū (skirt; can be made of kapa cloth or grass; modern variations are textile cloth-based with Hawaiian leaf and flower motifs), Malo (loincloth)
- Samoa – Lavalava, Puletasi, 'ie toga clothing
- Tonga – Tupenu, Ta'ovala, Tapa cloth
Gallery
=Africa=
File:Ancient Egyptian, Assyrian, and Persian costumes and decorations (1920) (14761783621).jpg|Modern illustration of an Ancient Egyptian men's tunic in a style popularized in the New Kingdom
File:Egyptian musicians.jpg|Egyptian musicians wearing galabiyat
File:Sefseri.JPG|Traditional Tunisian clothing, including safasir
File:Traditional gandoura.jpg|Traditional gandoura, also called djebba fergani, from Algeria
File:Moroccan women wearing takchita (1939).jpg|Moroccan women wearing takshita in 1939
File:Dashiki and kufi (cropped).jpg|A drummer wearing a dashiki in Accra, Ghana
File:Nigerian women.jpg|A group of Nigerian women wearing pagne
File:A Yoruba man garbed in traditional clothing (2).png|A Yoruba man in a traditional agbada
File:Togho 03.jpg|Toghu or tugh, the official traditional regalia of Cameroon
File:Traditional Eritrean dance.jpg|Tigrinya women dancing in traditional zurias in Eritrea
File:Beauty of Oromia.jpg|Variety of cultural dress of the Oromo people in Ethiopia
File:Kitenge outfit.jpg|A kitenge dress from Kenya
File:Maasai Woman Meeyu Sale Wearing her Finest.jpg|A Maasai woman in her finest clothes
File:Baganda people in their cultural outfits. men put on Kanzu, and ladies Ggomeesi.jpg|Baganda people in their cultural outfits. Men put on Kanzu, and ladies Ggomeesi in Uganda
File:Rwandan dancers.jpg|Rwandan dancers wearing imishanana
File:Chitenge, Malawi.jpg|Malawian women wearing kitenge fabric
File:Mozambique 01200 (5054130545).jpg|Mozambican woman wearing a capulana
File:ZULU TRADITIONAL ATTIRE.jpg|Zulu traditional attire in South Africa
File:Parade of Basotho women.jpg|Basotho women wearing traditional blankets in Lesotho
File:2008-02-09 Xhosa women.jpg|Xhosa women wearing Shweshwe fabric in South Africa
File:Kanmtole dance 2.jpg|Kamntole clothes in Seychelles
File:Sakalava Cuillères.jpg|A Sakalava musician in Madagascar wearing a traditional lamba
=Asia=
File:Cylinder seal,ca. 18th–17th century B.C. Babylonian.jpg|Examples of ancient Babylonian dress
File:Ancient Times, Assyrian. - 004 - Costumes of All Nations (1882).JPG|Ancient Assyrian clothing
File:Dishdasha.jpg|Gulf Arabs wearing traditional {{transliteration|ar|'athwaab}} and culturally-specific headwear in Oman
File:Yemenite Gargush.jpg|Traditional Yemenite Jewish gargush
File:Be Respectful, Dress Locally, Yemen (12768689584).jpg|Yemeni women wearing {{transliteration|ar|abayat}}
File:Ramallah woman 15029v.jpg|Woman from Ramallah wearing traditional Palestinian dress, including a {{transliteration|ar|taqsireh}} and {{transliteration|ar|smadeh}} (c. 1929–1946)
File:Armenian traditional clothing.jpg|Armenian women wearing arkhaligs
File:Azerbaijani girls in kelaghayi.jpg|Traditional Azerbaijani dress, including kelaghayi
File:Iranian family,gathered together wearing traditional clothes - Nishapur - Nowruz2014.JPG|An Iranian family celebrating Nowruz in their traditional ethnic attire
File:Afghan children wearing traditional clothes in Kabul.jpg|Afghan children wearing traditional clothes in Kabul
File:روز فرهنگ بلوچ در ایالت بلوچستان شهر کویته.jpg|A group of Baloch men wearing traditional dress, including Balochi shalwar kameez
File:Cultural costume.jpg|A variety of cultural clothing from across India, but common throughout the Indian subcontinent, including lehengas, cholis, salwar kameez, and dupatta
File:Bride of Bangladesh (06).jpg|A Bangladeshi bridal handloom sari
File:Thai Beauties in folk costume Festival dell'Oriente 2017 Italy.jpg|Thai traditional dress
File:2 Malay girls in baju kurung.jpg|Two Malay women wearing Baju Kurung
File:Centre national de la soie (Artisans dAngkor). (2517376127).jpg|Cambodian Sompot Chong Kben
File:Sishenao2.jpg|Vietnamese traditional {{transliteration|vi|áo ngũ thân}}
File:Traditional Vietnamese dress.jpg|Hmong girls in Vietnam wearing traditional dress
File:Aesan Gede Songket Palembang.jpg|Indonesian girl wearing traditional Palembangese {{transliteration|id|songket}}
File:Maria Clara Gown.jpg|A two Filipina wearing a Maria Clara gown or traje de mestiza 1899
File:Tribu Tinabuay of Murcia.jpg|Visayan women wearing Baro't saya featuring their skirt patadyong while performing in festival dance
File:08.15 總統出席「2016三地門鄉聯合收穫祭」 (28706865630).jpg|Paiwan and Rukai people in Sandimen, Pingtung County, Taiwan celebrate a harvest festival in traditional dress
File:Indigenous group dancers at Amis Music Festival 2016 IMF0936.jpg|Amis/Pangcah tribe members (from the Fata'an group) performing a group dance at the 2016 Amis Music Festival in Dulan, Taiwan
File:Women of Beijing at Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests (3).jpg|An example of traditional dress in China
File:Tenpyousai1.jpg|Women wearing {{transliteration|zh|ruqun}} in China
File:National costume Mongolia 1.jpg|National costume of Mongolia ({{transliteration|mn|deel}})
File:Tuvans Horse riding.jpg|Tuvan horse-riders wearing {{transliteration|mn|deel}}
File:Hanbok (female and male).jpg|A woman and man wearing traditional Korean {{transliteration|ko|hanbok}}
File:Women in kimonos, Nibanchō Street, Kanazawa, 2016.jpg|Japanese women wearing Kimono
=Europe=
File:Delos House of Cleopatra.jpg|Statues of a woman and man wearing Ancient Greek himation
File:Traditional women's costume 7.jpg|An example of Greek folk dress
File:Turkish folk dancer with traditional costume.jpg|Turkish folk dancer in traditional dress
File:Bulgarian folk costume.jpg|Bulgarian traditional folk costume
File:Romanian teens in traditional clothes are dancing.jpg|Romanian teens in traditional dress
File:Hungarian Dresses.jpg|Hungarian women in folk dress
File:Hontianska parada 2003-DSC01192.JPG|A traditional Slovak {{lang|sk|kroj}}
File:Diandlgwand.jpg|Young women in German {{lang|de|dirndls}}
File:43. TKB - Beskid z Bielska-Białej 08.JPG|A man and woman wearing regional Łowicz-style folk dress in Poland
File:Russian folk dress (VMDPNI) 01a by shakko.jpg|An example of Russian festive folk dress, including a {{lang|ru|rubakha}} (shirt), {{lang|ru|poneva}} (skirt), {{lang|ru|perednik}} (apron), and {{lang|ru|platok}} (shawl)
File:Traditional Lithuanian dress.jpg|Girls wearing regional Aukštaičių-style folk dresses in Kaunas
File:KinsarvikBunad.jpg|Norwegian woman wearing {{lang|no|bunad}}
File:Faroese folk dance club from vagar.jpg|Faroese folk dance club with some members in national costumes
File:Kilt&Sporran.jpg|A modern Scottish kilt and sporran
File:Morris dancers in Midhurst 01.jpg|English dancers wearing Morris folk dress
File:FIL 2009 - Coiffes bretonnes - bigoudènes - cercle ar vro vigoudenn.JPG|Traditional Breton headwear worn by women and girls
File:Zamarra.jpg|Man wearing a {{lang|eu|zamarra}}, a sheepskin coat traditionally worn by Basque shepherds
File:Jerez spanien folklore.jpg|Andalusian women wearing {{lang|es|trajes de flamenca}}
File:Faldetta 1.jpg|Example of a traditional Maltese {{lang|mt|għonnella}}, or {{lang|mt|faldetta}}, once ubiquitous in Malta but no longer worn today
File:The Ciociara, young woman in Ciociaro costume (c.1869), by Cletofonte Preti.jpg|A young Italian woman in traditional Ciociaro dress (c.1869)
=North America=
File:Inuit Amautiq 1995-06-15.jpg|Two Inuit women wearing {{transliteration|iu|amautiit}} (skirted style, akuliq) in Nunavut (1995)
File:Chief Anotklosh of the Taku Tribe in Juneau.jpg|Chief Anotklosh (Taku) wearing a Chilkat robe in Juneau, Alaska (c. 1913)
File:Alaska Native dancer wearing kuspuk.jpg|Alaska Native dancer performing in a {{lang|esu|kuspuk}}
File:Cowichan Sweater.jpg|Cowichan sweater featuring the Thunderbird design
File:Unidentified Plains Cree at a powwow in Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan (18469335396).jpg|Unidentified Plains Cree at a powwow in Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan
File:Capote for scout on raiding party, Siksika, early 1900s, wool from Hudson's Bay Company blanket, glass beads - Glenbow Museum - DSC01002.jpg|A Siksika Blackfoot capote; the capote is seen as the traditional coat of the Métis, some Prairie First Nations and French-Canadian Voyageurs
File:The Winnemem Wintu Chief (3812027389).jpg|Winnemem Wintu chief Caleen Sisk in traditional dress (2009)
File:Native American PowWow 9488.jpg|A modern-day Cheyenne dog soldier wearing a feathered headdress during a powwow at the Indian Summer festival in Henry Maier Festival Park, Milwaukee
File:Four students with guitar.jpg| Texan folk costume comprising cowboy hats, jeans and checked western shirts (c.1950).
File:Characters in costume at the Ulster American Folk Park - geograph.org.uk - 3630777.jpg|Ulster-American folk costume worn in a museum in Northern Ireland; Ulster Americans primarily lived in the Appalachian region
File:AmishFamilyNiagaraFalls.jpg|An Amish family in traditional plain dress
File:Quezquemetl.jpg|{{lang|nah|Quezquémetl}} of the Huasteca Potosina
File:CharroOutfitsNoreste18.JPG|China Poblana dress, emblematic of Puebla and sometimes considered the national costume of Mexico
File:Traje tehuana.jpg|Dancers wearing traditional tehuana of Oaxaca
File:Jeunes femmes mayas.jpg|Young Mayan women in traditional dress in Antigua, Guatemala
File:Mujeres de Nebaj, Guatemala 2013.jpg|Mayan folk clothing in Guatemala
File:Huipil, skirt, belt (c.1950), shawl, Ixil Maya, Nebaj, mid to late 20th century, cotton - Textile Museum of Canada - DSC01351.JPG|An Ixil {{lang|nah|huipil}} tunic with a skirt, belt, and shawl (mid to late 20th century)
File:Nuestros Angeles de El Salvador.jpg|Pipil women dancing in the traditional Procession of Palms in Panchimalco, El Salvador
File:Pollera Panama Madre e Hija.jpg|Two women wearing {{lang|es|pollera}} in Panama
File:Mujeres de la etnia Emberá.jpg|Emberá women in a parade in Chitré, capital of Herrera Province, Panama
File:Charles Camilla Jamaica 2008.jpg|Women wearing the quadrille dress, greeting the British royal family in Jamaica
File:Mobeye-ÉtéDesVilles-Guadeloupe-827.jpg|A woman wearing a traditional Guadeloupean dress
=Oceania=
File:Noongar traditional dancers, Perth, Australia.jpg|Noongar traditional dancers in Perth, Australia
File:00 2449 Maori, indigenous people of New Zealand.jpg|Māori man wearing a korowai and piupiu
File:The Challenge.jpg|A kapa haka performing the warrior challenge in traditional piupiu at the swearing in of the 21st Governor-General of New Zealand
File:Poi-manutuke.jpg|Māori poi performance in traditional dress
File:High school students wearing puletasi.jpg|Samoan women wearing puletasi
File:Woman in Lavalava (29927610794).jpg|A Samoan woman wearing a lavalava in Apia
File:Polynesian Cultural Center - Canoe Pageant (8328364423).jpg|Samoan canoe performers in traditional dress
File:Kailao.jpg|Tongan college students performing the kailao dance (1988)
File:Marriage mat.jpg|Tongan newlyweds wearing their wedding taʻovala
File:Tupenu01.JPG|Young boys wearing traditional Tongan tupenu
File:Festal Hawaiian dancers 02.jpg|Hawaiian musicians wearing traditional dress, including a muumuu
File:Hula Kahiko Hawaii Volcanoes National Park 02.jpg|Hula kahiko performance at the pa hula in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
File:Tahitian woman in festive costume ca 1906.jpg|Tahitian woman in festive regalia (ca 1906)
File:Rapanookee vona.jpg|Traditional music, dance, and dress of the Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
File:Ulithi-Dancers.jpg|People performing a welcome ceremony in traditional dress on the Ulithi atoll
File:Yapese men dancers in traditional dress celebrating Yap Day.jpg|Yapese men in traditional dress celebrating Yap Day
File:Palauan mother 1st baby ceremony.jpg|Traditional dress during a ceremony in Palau to celebrate a first time mother
File:Femmes kanak2.jpg|Kanak women wearing Robes mission
File:Huli wigman.jpg|Huli Wigman from Papua New Guinea in festive regalia
File:Fiji (9476712582) (2).jpg|Examples of traditional dress in Fiji
File:Landdiving7.jpg|Men wearing traditional nambas during a N'gol ceremony on Pentecost Island, Vanuatu (1992)
=South America=
File:Panama-Kuna 0605a.jpg|Guna women wearing Molas
File:Kunawoman.jpg|A Guna woman wearing a Mola
File:Tropenmuseum Royal Tropical Institute Objectnumber 60005741 Creoolse vrouw in kotomisi.jpg|A Surinamese woman wearing the traditional koto (c. 1910)
File:Tropenmuseum Royal Tropical Institute Objectnumber 10019375 Portret van een Marron vrouw voor haa.jpg|Maroon woman wearing a pangi in Suriname (ca. 1900–1910)
File:Guajiran artisans.jpg|Wayuu women in the Guajira Peninsula, which comprises parts of Colombia and Venezuela
File:Guambia, Colombia.jpg|Guambía people relaxing in Colombia
File:Bailadores de cumbia.jpg|A Cumbia (Colombia) dancer holding a Sombrero vueltiao
File:Chaman Amazonie 5 06.jpg|Shaman of the Cofán people from the Amazon rainforest in present-day Ecuador
File:Lideresa waorani Alicia Cahuiya.jpg|Alicia Cawiya, vice-president of the Huaorani Nation of Ecuador, in traditional dress
File:Taquile Inselfest Frauen.JPG|Quechua women in festive dress on Taquile Island on western Lake Titicaca in Peru
File:Andean Man.jpg|A Peruvian man in traditional dress
File:Mapuche.jpg|A Mapuche man in present-day Chile
File:Gauchowheat edit2.jpg|A Chilean huaso man wearing a chupalla and manta, or chamanto (1940)
File:Mujeres mapuches en la entrega terreno a Comunidad Mapuche Lorenzo Quintrileo de Tirúa.jpg|Mapuche women from Tirúa (2015)
File:Pongo 0436b.jpg|An Indigenous woman in traditional dress near Cochabamba, Bolivia
File:Memorial das baianas - 20.jpg|Baiana dress from Brazil
File:SalvadorDaBahiaBahianDress.jpg|Women wearing baiana dresses in Salvador, Bahia
File:Enawene-nawe 1257a.JPG|Enawene Nawe man from Mato Grosso
File:Pataxo002.jpg|Pataxó man at the ninth edition of the Indigenous Peoples Games in Brazil
File:Terena006.jpg|Young Terena woman at the closing ceremony of the Indigenous Peoples Games in Brazil
File:Índios da etnia Kuikuro.jpg|Kuikuro men at the closing ceremony of the ninth edition of the Indigenous Peoples Games in Brazil
File:Macri con Félix Diaz.jpg|Félix Díaz, a Qom leader, meets with Argentina President, Mauricio Macri wearing traditional dress
File:Gauchito salteño argentino.jpg|Argentinian man wearing Gaucho clothes