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E number#E700–E799

{{Short description|Codes for food additives}}

{{About|the food additive codes|the constant|e (mathematical constant)|other uses}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}

File:Riboflavin solution.jpg (also known as vitamin B2)]]

File:Monosodium glutamate crystals.jpg (MSG), a flavour enhancer]]

E numbers, short for Europe numbers, are codes for substances used as food additives, including those found naturally in many foods, such as vitamin C, for use within the European Union (EU){{cite web |url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20201223&from=EN |title=Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives |website=EUR-Lex: Access to European Union law |date=16 December 2008 |url-status=live |access-date=31 August 2021 |archive-date=31 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831114906/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20201223&from=EN }}{{rp|27}} and European Free Trade Association (EFTA).{{cite news|url=http://theconversation.com/explainer-what-are-e-numbers-and-should-you-avoid-them-in-your-diet-43908|title=Explainer: what are E numbers and should you avoid them in your diet?|magazine=The Conversation|author=Matthew Snelson|access-date=18 November 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426091006/https://theconversation.com/explainer-what-are-e-numbers-and-should-you-avoid-them-in-your-diet-43908|archive-date=26 April 2019}} Commonly found on food labels, their safety assessment and approval are the responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).{{cite web|url=http://www.faia.org.uk/faq2_4.php|title=Frequently Asked Questions {{!}} Why Food Additives|website=Food Additives and Ingredients Association UK & Ireland- Making life taste better|access-date=6 March 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601015633/https://www.faia.org.uk/faqs/|archive-date=1 June 2019}} The fact that an additive has an E number implies that its use was at one time permitted in products for sale in the European Single Market; some of these additives are no longer allowed today.

Having a single unified list for food additives was first agreed upon in 1962 with food colouring. In 1964, the directives for preservatives were added, in 1970 antioxidants were added, in 1974 emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents were added as well.{{cite web|url=http://www.foodlaw.rdg.ac.uk/additive.htm|title=Food Additives in the European Union|website=Foodlaw-Reading {{!}} The University of Reading, UK|author=David Jukes|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426091006/http://www.foodlaw.rdg.ac.uk/additive.htm|archive-date=26 April 2019}}

Numbering schemes

The numbering scheme follows that of the International Numbering System (INS) as determined by the Codex Alimentarius committee,{{cite web | last = Codex Alimentarius | title = Class Names and the International Numbering System for Food Additives (Ref: CAC/GL #36 publ. 1989, revised 2009, amended 2011) | url = http://www.codexalimentarius.net/download/standards/7/CXG_036e.pdf | access-date = 15 December 2011 | archive-date = 6 February 2007 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070206034842/http://www.codexalimentarius.net/download/standards/7/CXG_036e.pdf | url-status = live }} though only a subset of the INS additives are approved for use in the European Union as food additives. Outside the European continent plus Russia, E numbers are also encountered on food labelling in other jurisdictions, including the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand,[http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/_srcfiles/Additives%20alpha.pdf Food Standards Australia New Zealand] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406040011/http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/_srcfiles/Additives%20alpha.pdf |date=6 April 2011 }}, website Malaysia, Hong Kong,{{cite web|url=https://www.cfs.gov.hk/english/food_leg/food_leg_lgfa.html|title=Centre for Food Safety|website=www.cfs.gov.hk|access-date=22 March 2020|archive-date=14 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614055211/http://www.cfs.gov.hk/english/food_leg/food_leg_lgfa.html|url-status=live}} and India.

Colloquial use

In some European countries, the "E number" is used informally as a derogatory term for artificial food additives. For example, in the UK, food companies are required to include the "E number(s)" in the ingredients that are added as part of the manufacturing process. Many components of naturally occurring healthy foods and vitamins have assigned E numbers (and the number is a synonym for the chemical component), e.g. vitamin C (E300) and lycopene (E160d), found in carrots. At the same time, "E number" is sometimes misunderstood to imply approval for safe consumption. This is not necessarily the case, e.g. Avoparcin (E715) is an antibiotic once used in animal feed, but is no longer permitted in the EU, and has never been permitted for human consumption. Sodium nitrite (E250) is toxic. Sulfuric acid (E513) is caustic.{{cn|date=April 2025}}

Classification by numeric range

{{Split section|International Numbering System for Food Additives |discuss={{TALKPAGENAME}}#Split sections |date=November 2023}}

class="wikitable"
E number range

! Subranges

! Description

rowspan="7"| 100–199 (full list)
Colours

| style="text-align:center;"| 100–107 || yellows

style="text-align:center;"| 110–111oranges
style="text-align:center;"| 120–129reds
style="text-align:center;"| 130–139blues and violets
style="text-align:center;"| 140–149greens
style="text-align:center;"| 150–159browns and blacks
style="text-align:center;"| 160–199gold and others
rowspan="9"| 200–299 (full list)
Preservatives

| style="text-align:center;"| 200–209 || sorbates

style="text-align:center;"| 210–219benzoates
style="text-align:center;"| 220–229sulfites
style="text-align:center;"| 230–239phenols and formates (methanoates)
style="text-align:center;"| 240–259nitrates
style="text-align:center;"| 260–269acetates (ethanoates)
style="text-align:center;"| 270–279lactates
style="text-align:center;"| 280–289propionates (propanoates)
style="text-align:center;"| 290–299others
rowspan="10"| 300–399 (full list)
Antioxidants and acidity regulators

| style="text-align:center;"| 300–305 || ascorbates (vitamin C)

style="text-align:center;"| 306–309Tocopherol (vitamin E)
style="text-align:center;"| 310–319gallates and erythorbates
style="text-align:center;"| 320–329lactates
style="text-align:center;"| 330–337citrates and tartrates
style="text-align:center;"| 338–343phosphates
style="text-align:center;"| 344–345citrates
style="text-align:center;"| 349–359malates and adipates
style="text-align:center;"| 360–369succinates and fumarates
style="text-align:center;"| 370–399others
rowspan="9"| 400–499 (full list)
Thickeners, stabilisers and emulsifiers

| style="text-align:center;"| 400–409 || alginates

style="text-align:center;"| 410–419natural gums
style="text-align:center;"| 420–429other natural agents
style="text-align:center;"| 430–439polyoxyethene compounds
style="text-align:center;"| 440–449natural emulsifiers
style="text-align:center;"| 450–459phosphates
style="text-align:center;"| 460–469cellulose compounds
style="text-align:center;"| 470–489fatty acids and compounds
style="text-align:center;"| 490–499others
rowspan="7"| 500–599 (full list)
pH regulators and anti-caking agents

| style="text-align:center;"| 500–509 || mineral acids and bases

style="text-align:center;"| 510–519chlorides and sulfates
style="text-align:center;"| 520–529sulfates and hydroxides
style="text-align:center;"| 530–549alkali metal compounds
style="text-align:center;"| 550–559silicates
style="text-align:center;"| 570–579stearates and gluconates
style="text-align:center;"| 580–599others
rowspan="3"| 600–699 (full list)
Flavour enhancers

| style="text-align:center;"| 620–629 || glutamates and guanylates

style="text-align:center;"| 630–639inosinates
style="text-align:center;"| 640–649others
| 700–799 (full list)
Antibiotics

| style="text-align:center;"| 700–713 ||

rowspan="6"| 900–999 (full list)
Glazing agents, gases and sweeteners

| style="text-align:center;"| 900–909 || waxes

style="text-align:center;"| 910–919synthetic glazes
style="text-align:center;"| 920–929improving agents
style="text-align:center;"| 930–949packaging gases
style="text-align:center;"| 950–969sweeteners
style="text-align:center;"| 990–999foaming agents
1000–1599 (full list)
Additional additives

| style="text-align:center;"| 1100–1599||New chemicals that do not fall into standard classification schemes

Not all examples of a class fall into the given numeric range; moreover, certain chemicals (particularly in the E400–499 range) have a variety of purposes.

Full list

{{Split section|International Numbering System for Food Additives |discuss={{TALKPAGENAME}}#Split sections |date=November 2023}}

The list shows all components that have an E-number assigned, even those no longer allowed in the EU.

=E100–E199 (colours)<span class="anchor" id="E100–E199"></span>=

class="wikitable sortable"

!Code

!Name(s)

!Colour

!Status

E100

|Curcumin (from turmeric)

|Yellow-orange

|Approved in the EU.{{cite web |title=Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers |publisher=Food Standards Agency |location=United Kingdom |year=2010 |url=http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist |access-date=26 November 2010 |archive-date=7 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007124435/http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist |url-status=live }} Approved in the US.{{cite web |title=Summary of Color Additives for Use in United States in Foods, Drugs, Cosmetics, and Medical Devices |publisher=United States Food and Drug Administration |url=https://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/ColorAdditives/ColorAdditiveInventories/ucm115641.htm |access-date=16 December 2019 |archive-date=22 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422154919/https://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/ColorAdditives/ColorAdditiveInventories/ucm115641.htm |url-status=live }}

E101

|Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), formerly called lactoflavin

|Yellow-orange

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E101a

|Riboflavin-5'-Phosphate

|Yellow-orange

|Approved in the EU.

E102

|Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow 5)

|Yellow

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E103

|Alkannin[http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/_srcfiles/Additives%20alpha.pdf Additives] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406040011/http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/_srcfiles/Additives%20alpha.pdf |date=6 April 2011 }}, Food Standards Australia New Zealand

|Red-brown

|

E104

|Quinoline Yellow WS

|Dull or greenish yellow

Restricted use approved in the EU.
E105

|Fast Yellow AB

|Yellow

|Forbidden in the EU and US.{{Citation |title=Fast Yellow AB |date=2022-12-12 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fast_Yellow_AB&oldid=1127048660 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2023-09-02 |language=en}}

E106

|Riboflavin-5-Sodium Phosphate

|Yellow

|

E107

|Yellow 2G

|Yellow

|

E110

|Sunset Yellow FCF (Orange Yellow S, FD&C Yellow 6)

|Yellow-orange

|Restricted use approved in the EU.
Banned in Norway.{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/foodsafety/additives.html |work=CBC News |title=Food additives |date=29 September 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130909224854/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/foodsafety/additives.html |archive-date=9 September 2013}}
Products in the EU require warnings and its use is being phased out. Approved in the US.

E111

|Orange GGN

|Orange

|

E120

|Cochineal, Carminic acid, Carmine (Natural Red 4)

|Crimson

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E121

|Citrus Red 2

|Orange to pink

|Approved in the United States only for use in colouring the skin of oranges.{{CodeFedReg|21|74|302}}

E122

|Carmoisine (azorubine)

|Red to maroon

Approved in the EU.
Undergoing a voluntary phase-out in the UK.
Currently banned in Canada, Japan, Norway, USA {{Citation needed|date=October 2010}}
EU currently evaluating health risks.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}}
E123

|Amaranth (FD&C Red 2)

|Red

|Approved in the EU. Banned in the United States.{{cite magazine |title=Death of a Dye |url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,945520,00.html |magazine=Time |date=2 February 1976 |access-date=19 December 2019 |archive-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219205740/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,945520,00.html |url-status=live }}

E124

|Ponceau 4R (Cochineal Red A, Brilliant Scarlet 4R)

|Pink

|Restricted use approved in the EU.

E125

|Ponceau SX, Scarlet GN

|Red

|Only permitted for externally applied drugs and cosmetics in the US.{{CodeFedReg|21|81|10}}{{CodeFedReg|21|81|30}}{{CodeFedReg|21|82|304}}

E126

|Ponceau 6R

|Red

|

E127

|Erythrosine (FD&C Red 3)

|Pink

|Approved in the EU. Banned in the US.{{cite web |title=FDA to Revoke Authorization for the Use of Red No. 3 in Food and Ingested Drugs |url=https://www.fda.gov/food/hfp-constituent-updates/fda-revoke-authorization-use-red-no-3-food-and-ingested-drugs |website=FDA |access-date=16 January 2025 |last1=Program |first1=Human Foods |date=15 January 2025 }}

E128

|Red 2G

|Red or pink

|Not approved in the EU.

E129

|Allura Red AC (FD&C Red 40)

|Red

|Approved in the EU.
Banned in Switzerland.{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}}
Undergoing a voluntary phase out in the UK.
Approved in the US.

E130

|Indanthrene blue RS

|Blue

|

E131

|Patent Blue V

|Sky blue

|Approved in the EU.

Banned in the US and Australia.{{cn|date=May 2024}}

E132

|Indigo carmine (indigotine, FD&C Blue 2)

|Indigo

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E133

|Brilliant blue FCF (FD&C Blue 1)

|Blue

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E140

|Chlorophylls and Chlorophyllins:
(i) Chlorophylls
(ii) Chlorophyllins

|Green

|Approved in the EU.

E141

|Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins
(i) Copper complexes of chlorophylls
ii) Copper complexes of chlorophyllins

|Green

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E142

|Green S

|Green

|Approved in the EU.

E143

|Fast Green FCF (FD&C Green 3)

|Turquoise

|Approved in the US. Banned in the EU.

E150a

|Plain caramel

|Brown

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E150b

|Caustic sulfite caramel

|Brown

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E150c

|Ammonia caramel

|Brown

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E150d

|Sulfite ammonia caramel

|Brown

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E151

|Black PN, Brilliant Black BN

|Black

|Approved in the EU.

E152

|Carbon black (hydrocarbon)

|Black

|

E153

|Vegetable carbon

|Black

|Approved in the EU. Banned in the US. {{cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/ColorAdditives/ColorAdditiveInventories/ucm106626.htm |title=Color Additive Status List |website=Food and Drug Administration |access-date=2011-10-27}}

E154

|Brown FK (kipper brown)

|Brown

|Previously approved in the EU for dyeing kippers only: approval withdrawn November 2011.{{cite web |title=Regulations: COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1129/2011 |url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:295:0001:0177:En:PDF |publisher=European Commission |date=11 November 2011 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20111120012046/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:295:0001:0177:En:PDF |archive-date=20 November 2011}}

E155

|Brown HT (chocolate brown HT)

|Brown

|Approved in the EU.

E160a

|Alpha-carotene, Beta-carotene, Gamma-carotene

|Yellow-orange to brown

|Approved in the EU. Only beta-carotene is approved in the US

E160b

|Annatto, bixin, norbixin

|Orange

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E160c

|Paprika oleoresin: (i) capsanthin, (ii) capsorubin

|Red

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E160d

|Lycopene

|Bright to deep red

|Restricted use approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E160e

|Beta-apo-8'-carotenal (C 30)

|Orange-red to yellow

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E160f

|Ethyl ester of beta-apo-8'-carotenic acid (C 30)

|Orange-red to yellow

|Not approved in the EU.

E161a

|Flavoxanthin

|Golden-yellow and brownish

|

E161b

|Lutein

|Orange-red to yellow

|Approved in the EU.

E161c

|Cryptoxanthin

|Orange-red

|

E161d

|Rubixanthin

|Orange-red

|

E161e

|Violaxanthin

|Orange

|

E161f

|Rhodoxanthin

|Purple

|

E161g

|Canthaxanthin

|Violet

|Not approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E161h

|Zeaxanthin

|Orange-red

|

E161i

|Citranaxanthin

|Deep violet

|

E161j

|Astaxanthin

|Red

|

E162

|Beetroot Red, Betanin

|Red

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US.

E163

|Anthocyanins

|pH dependent
(Red, green and purple ranges)

|Approved in the EU.

|E164

|Saffron

|Orange-red[colour?]

| Approved in the US.

E170

|Calcium carbonate, Chalk

|White

|Approved in the EU.

E171

|Titanium dioxide

|White

|No longer approved in the EU as of June 2022,{{cite web |title=COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2022/63 of 14 January 2022 amending Annexes II and III to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the food additive titanium dioxide (E 171) |url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32022R0063 |date=14 January 2022 |publisher=European Commission |access-date=17 March 2022 |archive-date=17 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317181113/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32022R0063 |url-status=live }} due to the identification of potential carcinogenic effects.{{cite news |title=E171: EU watchdog says food colouring widely used in UK is unsafe; European Commission to propose ban after finding that carcinogenic effects cannot be ruled out |work=The Guardian |author=Daniel Boffey |date=6 May 2021 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/may/06/e171-eu-watchdog-says-food-colouring-widely-used-in-uk-is-unsafe |access-date=7 May 2021 |archive-date=7 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507125633/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/may/06/e171-eu-watchdog-says-food-colouring-widely-used-in-uk-is-unsafe |url-status=live }}
Approved in the US.

E172

|Iron oxides and iron hydroxides

|Brown

|Approved in the EU. Approved in the US for sausage casings.

E173

|Aluminium

|Silver to grey

|Approved in the EU.

E174

|Silver

|Silver

|Approved in the EU.

E175

|Gold

|Gold

|Approved in the EU.

E180

|Pigment Rubine, Lithol Rubine BK

|Red

|Approved in the EU.

E181

|Tannin

|Brown

|

E182

|Orcein, Orchil

|Purple

|

= E200–E299 ([[preservative]]s) <span class="anchor" id="E200–E299"></span>=

class="wikitable sortable"

!Code

!Name(s)

!Purpose

!width=300|Status

E200

|Sorbic acid

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E201

|Sodium sorbate

|preservative

|

E202

|Potassium sorbate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E203

|Calcium sorbate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E209

|Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate

|preservative

|

E210

|Benzoic acid

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E211

|Sodium benzoate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E212

|Potassium benzoate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E213

|Calcium benzoate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E214

|Ethylparaben (ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate)

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E215

|Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E216

|Propylparaben (propyl para-hydroxybenzoate)

|preservative

|

E217

|Sodium propyl para-hydroxybenzoate

|preservative

|

E218

|Methylparaben (methyl para-hydroxybenzoate)

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E219

|Sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E220

|Sulfur dioxide

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E221

|Sodium sulfite

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E222

|Sodium bisulfite (sodium hydrogen sulfite)

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E223

|Sodium metabisulfite

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E224

|Potassium metabisulfite

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E225

|Potassium sulfite

|preservative

|

E226

|Calcium sulfite

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E227

|Calcium hydrogen sulfite (preservative)

|firming agent

|Approved in the EU.

E228

|Potassium hydrogen sulfite

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E230

|Biphenyl, diphenyl

|preservative

|Not approved in the EU.

E231

|Orthophenyl phenol

|preservative

|Not approved in the EU.

E232

|Sodium orthophenyl phenol

|preservative

|Not approved in the EU.

E233

|Thiabendazole

|preservative

|Not approved in the EU.

E234

|Nisin

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E235

|Natamycin, Pimaracin

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E236

|Formic acid

|preservative

|

E237

|Sodium formate

|preservative

|

E238

|Calcium formate

|preservative

|

E239

|Hexamine (hexamethylene tetramine)

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E240

|Formaldehyde

|preservative

|

E242

|Dimethyl dicarbonate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E249

|Potassium nitrite

|preservative

|Approved in the EU. In April 2023 the French Court of Appeals of Limoges confirmed that food-watch NGO Yuka was legally legitimate in describing Potassium Nitrite "and other nitrates" E249 to E252 as a "cancer risk", and thus rejected an appeal by the French charcuterie industry against the organisation.{{cite news |url=https://www.marianne.net/societe/alimentation/nitrites-et-jambons-cancerogenes-nouvelle-victoire-en-appel-de-yuka-contre-un-industriel-de-la-charcuterie |title=Nitrites et jambons "cancérogènes": nouvelle victoire en appel de Yuka contre un industriel de la charcuterie |trans-title=Nitrites and "carcinogenic" hams: Yuka's new appeal victory against a charcuterie manufacturer |work=Marianne |first=Thomas |last=Rabino |date=13 April 2023}}

E250

|Sodium nitrite

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E251

|Sodium nitrate (Chile saltpetre)

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E252

|Potassium nitrate (Saltpetre)

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E260

|Acetic acid (preservative)

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.{{cite web|url=https://www.food.gov.uk/business-guidance/approved-additives-and-e-numbers|title=Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422201759/https://www.food.gov.uk/business-guidance/approved-additives-and-e-numbers|archive-date=22 April 2022|publisher=Food Standards Agency|access-date=26 November 2010}}

E261

|Potassium acetate (preservative)

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E262

|Sodium acetates
(i) Sodium acetate
(ii) Sodium diacetate (sodium hydrogen acetate)

|preservative,
acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E263

|Calcium acetate (preservative)

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E264

|Ammonium acetate

|preservative

|Approved in Australia and New ZealandAustralia New Zealand Food Standards Code {{cite web |url=http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2011C00827 |title=Standard 1.2.4 – Labelling of ingredients |date=8 September 2011 |access-date=27 October 2011 |archive-date=19 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119082034/http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2011C00827 |url-status=live }}

E265

|Dehydroacetic acid

|preservative

|

E266

|Sodium dehydroacetate

|preservative

|

E270

|Lactic acid (preservative)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E280

|Propionic acid

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E281

|Sodium propionate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E282

|Calcium propionate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E283

|Potassium propionate

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E284

|Boric acid

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E285

|Sodium tetraborate (borax)

|preservative

|Approved in the EU.

E290

|Carbon dioxide

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E296

|Malic acid (acid)

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E297

|Fumaric acid

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

=E300–E399 ([[antioxidant]]s, [[acidity regulator]]s) <span class="anchor" id="E300–E399"></span> =

class="wikitable sortable"

!Code

!width=250|Name(s)

!Purpose

!width=250|Status

E300

|Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.[http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist#h_4 Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007124435/http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist#h_4 |date=7 October 2010 }}, Food Standards Agency, 26 November 2010

E301

|Sodium ascorbate

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E302

|Calcium ascorbate

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E303

|Potassium ascorbate

|antioxidant

|

E304

|Fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid (Ascorbyl palmitate)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E305

|Ascorbyl stearate

|antioxidant

|

E306

|Tocopherols (Vitamin E, natural)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E307

|Alpha-Tocopherol (synthetic)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E308

|Gamma-Tocopherol (synthetic)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E309

|Delta-Tocopherol (synthetic)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E310

|Propyl gallate

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E311

|Octyl gallate

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E312

|Dodecyl gallate

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E313

|Ethyl gallate

|antioxidant

|

E314

|Guaiac resin

|antioxidant

|

E315

|Erythorbic acid

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E316

|Sodium erythorbate

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E317

|Erythorbin acid{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}}

|antioxidant

|

E318

|Sodium erythorbin{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}}

|antioxidant

|

E319

|tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E320

|Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E321

|Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E322

|Lecithin

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.[http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist#h_6 Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007124435/http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist#h_6 |date=7 October 2010 }}, Food Standards Agency, 26 November 2010

E323

|Anoxomer

|antioxidant

|

E324

|Ethoxyquin

|antioxidant

|

E325

|Sodium lactate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E326

|Potassium lactate (antioxidant)

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E327

|Calcium lactate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E328

|Ammonium lactate

|acidity regulator

|

E329

|Magnesium lactate

|acidity regulator

|

E330

|Citric acid

|acid, acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E331

|Sodium citrates
(i) Monosodium citrate
(ii) Disodium citrate
(iii) Sodium citrate (trisodium citrate)

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E332

|Potassium citrates
(i) Monopotassium citrate
(ii) Potassium citrate (tripotassium citrate)

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E333

|Calcium citrates
(i) Monocalcium citrate
(ii) Dicalcium citrate
(iii) Calcium citrate (tricalcium citrate)

|acidity regulator,
firming agent,
sequestrant

|Approved in the EU.

E334

|Tartaric acid (L(+)-)

|(acid)

|Approved in the EU.

E335

|Sodium tartrates
(i) Monosodium tartrate
(ii) Disodium tartrate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E336

|Potassium tartrates
(i) Monopotassium tartrate (cream of tartar)
(ii) Dipotassium tartrate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E337

|Sodium potassium tartrate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E338

|Phosphoric acid

|acid

|Approved in the EU.

E339

|Sodium phosphates
(i) Monosodium phosphate
(ii) Disodium phosphate
(iii) Trisodium phosphate

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E340

|Potassium phosphates
(i) Monopotassium phosphate
(ii) Dipotassium phosphate
(iii) Tripotassium phosphate

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E341

|Calcium phosphates
(i) Monocalcium phosphate
(ii) Dicalcium phosphate
(iii) Tricalcium phosphate

|anti-caking agent,
firming agent

|Approved in the EU.

E342

|Ammonium phosphates:
(i) monoammonium phosphate
(ii) diammonium phosphate

|

|

E343

|Magnesium phosphates
(i) monomagnesium phosphate
(ii) Dimagnesium phosphate

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU. This additive is under discussion and may be included in a future amendment to the Directive on miscellaneous additives.

E344

|Lecithin citrate

|acidity regulator

|Not approved in the UK{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Approved additives and E numbers|url=https://www.food.gov.uk/business-guidance/approved-additives-and-e-numbers |website=Food Standards Agency}}

E345

|Magnesium citrate

|acidity regulator

|

E349

|Ammonium malate

|acidity regulator

|

E350

|Sodium malates
(i) Sodium malate
(ii) Sodium hydrogen malate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E351

|Potassium malate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E352

|Calcium malates
(i) Calcium malate
(ii) Calcium hydrogen malate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E353

|Metatartaric acid

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E354

|Calcium tartrate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E355

|Adipic acid

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E356

|Sodium adipate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E357

|Potassium adipate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E359

|Ammonium adipate

|acidity regulator

|

E363

|Succinic acid

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E365

|Monosodium fumarate

|acidity regulator

|

E366

|Potassium fumarate

|acidity regulator

|

E367

|Calcium fumarate

|acidity regulator

|

E368

|Ammonium fumarate

|acidity regulator

|

E370

|1,4-Heptonolactone

|acidity regulator

|

E375

|Niacin

|acidity regulator

|

E380

|Triammonium citrate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E381

|Ammonium ferric citrate

|acidity regulator

|

E383

|Calcium glycerylphosphate

|acidity regulator

|

E384

|Isopropyl citrate

|acidity regulator

|

E385

|Calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, (Calcium disodium EDTA)

|sequestrant

|Approved in the EU.

E386

|Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Disodium EDTA)

|sequestrant

|

E387

|Oxystearin

|stabiliser

|

E388

|Thiodipropionic acid

|

|

E389

|Dilauryl thiodipropionate

|

|

E390

|Distearyl thiodipropionate

|

|

E391

|Phytic acid

|

|

E392

|Carnosic acid

|

|Approved in 2010[http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/2010/nov/additives New additives approved for use] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305165550/http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/2010/nov/additives |date=5 March 2012 }}, Food Standards Agency, Friday 26 November 2010

E399

|Calcium lactobionate

|

|

=E400–E499 ([[Thickening agent|thickeners]], stabilisers, [[emulsifier]]s) <span class="anchor" id="E400–E499"></span> =

class="wikitable sortable"

!Code

!Name(s)

!Purpose

!width=250|Status

E400

|Alginic acid (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E401

|Sodium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E402

|Potassium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E403

|Ammonium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E404

|Calcium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E405

|Propane-1,2-diol alginate (Propylene glycol alginate) (thickener) (stabiliser)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E406

|Agar (thickener) (gelling agent)

|stabiliser

|Approved in the EU.

E407

|Carrageenan (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E407a

|Processed eucheuma seaweed (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E408

|Bakers yeast glycan

|

|

E409

|Arabinogalactan

|

|

E410

|Locust bean gum (Carob gum) (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E411

|Oat gum (thickener)

|stabiliser

|

E412

|Guar gum (thickener)

|stabiliser

|Approved in the EU.

E413

|Tragacanth (thickener) (stabiliser)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E414

|Acacia gum (gum arabic) (thickener) (stabiliser)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E415

|Xanthan gum (thickener)

|stabiliser

|Approved in the EU.

E416

|Karaya gum (thickener) (stabiliser)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E417

|Tara gum (thickener)

|stabiliser

|Approved in the EU.

E418

|Gellan gum (thickener) (stabiliser)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E419

|Gum ghatti (thickener) (stabiliser)

|emulsifier

|

E420

|Sorbitol (i) Sorbitol (ii) Sorbitol syrup (emulsifier) (sweetener)

|humectant

|Approved in the EU.[http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist#h_5 Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007124435/http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist#h_5 |date=7 October 2010 }}, Food Standards Agency, 26 November 2010

E421

|Mannitol (anti-caking agent)

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E422

|Glycerol (emulsifier)

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E424

|Curdlan

|gelling agent

|

E425

|Konjac (i) Konjac gum (ii) Konjac glucomannane

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU. May not be used in confectionery owing to choking risk.{{Citation needed|date=January 2011}}

E426

|Soybean hemicellulose

|

|Approved in the EU.

E427

|Cassia gum

|

|Approved in 2010

E428

|Gelatin

|

|

E429

|Peptones

|

|

E430

|Polyoxyethene (8) stearate (emulsifier)

|stabiliser

|

E431

|Polyoxyethene (40) stearate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E432

|Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E433

|Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E434

|Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E435

|Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan monostearate (polysorbate 60)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E436

|Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan tristearate (polysorbate 65)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E440

|Pectins (i) pectin (ii) amidated pectin

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E441

|Gelatine (emulsifier)

|gelling agent

|

E442

|Ammonium phosphatides

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E443

|Brominated vegetable oil

|emulsifier

|

E444

|Sucrose acetate isobutyrate

|emulsifier

|

E445

|Glycerol esters of wood rosins

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E446

|Succistearin

|

|

E450

|Diphosphates:
(i) Disodium diphosphate
(ii) Trisodium diphosphate
(iii) Tetrasodium diphosphate
(iv) Dipotassium diphosphate
(v) Tetrapotassium diphosphate
(vi) Dicalcium diphosphate
(vii) Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E451

|Triphosphates:
(i) Sodium triphosphate (pentasodium triphosphate)
(ii) Pentapotassium triphosphate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E452

|Polyphosphates:
(i) Sodium polyphosphates
(ii) Potassium polyphosphates
(iii) Sodium calcium polyphosphate
(iv) Calcium polyphosphates
(v) Ammonium polyphosphate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E459

|Beta-cyclodextrin

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E460

|Cellulose (i) Microcrystalline cellulose (ii) Powdered cellulose

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E461

|Methyl cellulose

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E462

|Ethyl cellulose

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E463

|Hydroxypropyl cellulose

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E464

|Hypromellose (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E465

|Ethyl methyl cellulose

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E466

|Carboxymethyl cellulose, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E467

|Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose

|

|

E468

|Crosslinked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Croscarmellose)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU. This additive is under discussion and may be included in a future amendment to the Directive on miscellaneous additives

E469

|Enzymically hydrolysed carboxymethylcellulose

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E470a

|Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids (emulsifier)

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E470b

|Magnesium salts of fatty acids (emulsifier)

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E471

|Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate)

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E472a

|Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E472b

|Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E472c

|Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E472d

|Tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E472e

|Mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E472f

|Mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E472g

|Succinylated monoglycerides

|emulsifier

|

E473

|Sucrose esters of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E474

|Sucroglycerides

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E475

|Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E476

|Polyglycerol polyricinoleate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E477

|Propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids, propylene glycol esters of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E478

|Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propane-1

|emulsifier

|

E479b

|Thermally oxidized soya bean oil interacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E480

|Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate

|emulsifier

|

E481

|Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E482

|Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E483

|Stearyl tartrate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E484

|Stearyl citrate

|emulsifier

|

E485

|Sodium stearoyl fumarate

|emulsifier

|

E486

|Calcium stearoyl fumarate

|emulsifier

|

E487

|Sodium laurylsulfate

|emulsifier

|

E488

|Ethoxylated Mono- and Di-Glycerides

|emulsifier

|

E489

|Methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester

|emulsifier

|

E490

|Propane-1,2-diol

|

|

E491

|Sorbitan monostearate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E492

|Sorbitan tristearate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E493

|Sorbitan monolaurate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E494

|Sorbitan monooleate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E495

|Sorbitan monopalmitate

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E496

|Sorbitan trioleate

|emulsifier

|

E497

|Polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene polymers

|

|

E498

|Partial polyglycerol esters of polycondensed fatty acids of castor oil

|

|

E499

|Stigmasterol-rich plant sterols

|

|Approved in the EU.

=E500–E599 ([[acidity regulator]]s, [[anti-caking agent]]s) <span class="anchor" id="E500–E599"></span> =

class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
width=8%|Code

!width=40%|Name(s)

!width=20%|Purpose

!width=32%|Status

E500

|Sodium carbonates: (i) Sodium carbonate (ii) Sodium bicarbonate (Sodium hydrogen carbonate) (iii) Sodium sesquicarbonate (acidity regulator)

|raising agent

|Approved in the EU.

E501

|Potassium carbonates: (i) Potassium carbonate (ii) Potassium bicarbonate (Potassium hydrogen carbonate)

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E503

|Ammonium carbonates: (i) Ammonium carbonate (ii) Ammonium bicarbonate (Ammonium hydrogen carbonate)

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E504

|Magnesium carbonates: (i) Magnesium carbonate (ii) Magnesium bicarbonate Magnesium hydrogen carbonate

|acidity regulator, anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E505

|Ferrous carbonate

|acidity regulator

|

E507

|Hydrochloric acid

|acid

|Approved in the EU.

E508

|Potassium chloride (gelling agent)

|seasoning

|Approved in the EU.

E509

|Calcium chloride (sequestrant)

|firming agent

|Approved in the EU.

E510

|Ammonium chloride, ammonia solution (acidity regulator)

|improving agent

|

E511

|Magnesium chloride

|firming agent

|Approved in the EU.

E512

|Stannous chloride

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E513

|Sulfuric acid

|acid

|Approved in the EU.

E514

|Sodium sulfates (i) Sodium sulfate (ii) sodium bisulfate

|acid

|Approved in the EU.

E515

|Potassium sulfates (i) potassium sulfate (ii) potassium bisulfate

|

|Approved in the EU.

E516

|Calcium sulfate

|

|Approved in the EU.

E517

|Ammonium sulfate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E518

|Magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts), (acidity regulator)

|firming agent

|

E519

|Copper(II) sulfate

|preservative

|

E520

|Aluminium sulfate

|firming agent

|Approved in the EU.

E521

|Aluminium sodium sulfate

|firming agent

|Approved in the EU.

E522

|Aluminium potassium sulfate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E523

|Aluminium ammonium sulfate

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E524

|Sodium hydroxide

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E525

|Potassium hydroxide

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E526

|Calcium hydroxide (acidity regulator)

|firming agent

|Approved in the EU.

E527

|Ammonium hydroxide

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E528

|Magnesium hydroxide

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E529

|Calcium oxide (acidity regulator)

|improving agent

|Approved in the EU.

E530

|Magnesium oxide (acidity regulator)

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E535

|Sodium ferrocyanide (acidity regulator)

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E536

|Potassium ferrocyanide

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E537

|Ferrous hexacyanomanganate

|anti-caking agent

|

E538

|Calcium ferrocyanide

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E539

|Sodium thiosulfate

|antioxidant

|

E540

|Dicalcium diphosphate{{citation needed|date=December 2018}} (acidity regulator)

|emulsifier

|

E541

|Sodium aluminium phosphate (i) Acidic (ii) Basic

|emulsifier

|Approved in the EU.

E542

|Bone phosphate (Essentiale Calcium Phosphate, Tribasic)

|anti-caking agent

|

E543

|Calcium sodium polyphosphate

|emulsifier

|

E544

|Calcium polyphosphate

|emulsifier

|

E545

|Ammonium polyphosphate

|emulsifier

|

E550

|Sodium Silicates (i) Sodium silicate (ii) Sodium metasilicate

|anti-caking agent

|

E551

|Silicon dioxide (Silica)

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E552

|Calcium silicate

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E553a

|(i) Magnesium silicate (ii) Magnesium trisilicate

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E553b

|Talc

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E554

|Sodium aluminosilicate (sodium aluminium silicate)

|anti-caking agent

|removed from list per Commission Regulation (EU) No 380/2012 of 3 May 2012

E555

|Potassium aluminium silicate (potassium aluminosilicate)

|anti-caking agent

|removed from list per Commission Regulation (EU) No 380/2012 of 3 May 2012

E556

|Calcium aluminosilicate (calcium aluminium silicate)

|anti-caking agent

| removed from list per Commission Regulation (EU) No 380/2012 of 3 May 2012

E557

|Zinc silicate

|anti-caking agent

| removed from list per Commission Regulation (EU) No 380/2012 of 3 May 2012

E558

|Bentonite

|anti-caking agent

| removed from list per Commission Regulation (EU) No 380/2012 of 3 May 2012

E559

|Aluminium silicate (Kaolin)

|anti-caking agent

|removed from list per Commission Regulation (EU) No 380/2012 of 3 May 2012

E560

|Potassium silicate

|anti-caking agent

|

E561

|Vermiculite

|

|

E562

|Sepiolite

|

|

E563

|Sepiolitic clay

|

|

E565

|Lignosulfonates

|

|

E566

|Natrolite-phonolite

|

|

E570

|Fatty acids

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E572

|Magnesium stearate, calcium stearate (emulsifier)

|anti-caking agent

|

E574

|Gluconic acid

|acidity regulator

|Approved in the EU.

E575

|Glucono delta-lactone (acidity regulator)

|sequestrant

|Approved in the EU.

E576

|Sodium gluconate

|sequestrant

|Approved in the EU.

E577

|Potassium gluconate

|sequestrant

|Approved in the EU.

E578

|Calcium gluconate

|firming agent

|Approved in the EU.

E579

|Ferrous gluconate

|food colouring

|Approved in the EU.

E580

|Magnesium gluconate

|

|

E585

|Ferrous lactate

|food colouring

|Approved in the EU.

E586

|4-Hexylresorcinol

|antioxidant

|Approved in the EU.

E598

|Synthetic calcium aluminates

|

|

E599

|Perlite

|

|

=E600–E699 ([[flavour enhancer]]s) <span class="anchor" id="E600–E699"></span> =

class="wikitable sortable"

!Code

!Name(s)

!Purpose

!Status

E620

|Glutamic acid

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E621

|Monosodium glutamate (MSG)

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E622

|Monopotassium glutamate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E623

|Calcium diglutamate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E624

|Monoammonium glutamate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E625

|Magnesium diglutamate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E626

|Guanylic acid

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E627

|Disodium guanylate, sodium guanylate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E628

|Dipotassium guanylate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E629

|Calcium guanylate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E630

|Inosinic acid

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E631

|Disodium inosinate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E632

|Dipotassium inosinate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E633

|Calcium inosinate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E634

|Calcium 5'-ribonucleotides

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E635

|Disodium 5'-ribonucleotides

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E636

|Maltol

|flavour enhancer

|

E637

|Ethyl maltol

|flavour enhancer

|

E640

|Glycine and its sodium salt

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E650

|Zinc acetate

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

=E700–E799 (antibiotics) <span class="anchor" id="E700–E799"></span> =

{{cite web |title=E700-E799 (antibiotics) |url=https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/analytical-chromatography/analytical-products.html?TablePage=109806894 |website=Sigma-Aldrich |access-date=17 December 2018 |archive-date=17 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217213836/https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/analytical-chromatography/analytical-products.html?TablePage=109806894 |url-status=live }}

class="wikitable sortable"

!Code

!Name(s)

!Purpose

!Status

E701

|Tetracyclines

| antibiotic

|

E702

|Chlortetracycline

| antibiotic

|

E703

|Oxytetracycline

| antibiotic

|

E704

|Oleandomycin

| antibiotic

|

E705

|Penicillin G potassium

| antibiotic

|

E706

|Penicillin G sodium

| antibiotic

|

E707

|Penicillin G procaine

| antibiotic

|

E708

|Penicillin G benzathine

| antibiotic

|

E710

|Spiramycins

| antibiotic

|

E711

|Virginiamycins

| antibiotic

|

E712

|Flavomycin

| antibiotic

|

E713

|Tylosin

| antibiotic

|

E714

|Monensin A

| antibiotic

|

E715

|Avoparcin

| antibiotic

|

E716

|Salinomycin

| antibiotic

|

E717

|Avilamycin

| antibiotic

|

= E900–E999 ([[glazing agent]]s, gases and [[Sugar substitute|sweetener]]s) <span class="anchor" id="E900–E999"></span>=

class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
width=8%|Code

!width=40%|Name(s)

!width=20%|Purpose

!width=32%|Status

E900

|Dimethyl polysiloxane (anti-foaming agent)

|anti-caking agent

|Approved in the EU.

E901

|Beeswax, white and yellow

|glazing agent

|Approved in the EU.

E902

|Candelilla wax

|glazing agent

|Approved in the EU.

E903

|Carnauba wax

|glazing agent

|Approved in the EU.

E904

|Shellac

|glazing agent

|Approved in the EU.

E905

|Paraffins

|

|Approved in the EU.

E905a

|Mineral oil

|anti-foaming agent

|

E905b

|Petrolatum

|

|

E905c

|Petroleum wax (i)Microcrystalline wax (ii) Paraffin wax

|glazing agent

|

E906

|Gum benzoic

|flavour enhancer

|

E907

|Crystalline wax

|glazing agent

|

E908

|Rice bran wax

|glazing agent

|

E909

|Spermaceti wax

|glazing agent

|

E910

|Wax esters

|glazing agent

|

E911

|Methyl esters of fatty acids

|glazing agent

|

E912

|Montanic acid esters, Montan acid esters

|glazing agent

|Approved in the EU.

E913

|Lanolin, sheep wool grease

|glazing agent

|

E914

|Oxidized polyethylene wax, oxidized polyethylene

|glazing agent

|Approved in the EU.

E915

|Esters of colophony

|glazing agent

|

E916

|Calcium iodate

|

|

E917

|Potassium iodate

|

|

E918

|Nitrogen oxides

|

|

E919

|Nitrosyl chloride

|

|

E920

|L-cysteine

|improving agent

|Approved in the EU{{cite web|url= https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/foods_system/main/index.cfm?event=substance.view&identifier=301|title= E920 (L-cysteine) approval in the EU|access-date= 1 April 2021|archive-date= 3 July 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210703072221/https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/foods_system/main/index.cfm?event=substance.view&identifier=301|url-status= live}}

E921

|L-cystine

|improving agent

|

E922

|Potassium persulfate

|improving agent

|

E923

|Ammonium persulfate

|improving agent

|

E924

|Potassium bromate

|improving agent

| Banned in the EU;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbi.eu/market-information/natural-food-additives/which-trends-offer-opportunities |title=Which trends offer opportunities or pose a threat to the European market for natural food additives? |author=Teresa Hüttenhofer |author2=Gustavo Ferro |website=Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Government of the Netherlands |date=23 December 2020 |access-date=18 June 2021 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200445/https://www.cbi.eu/market-information/natural-food-additives/which-trends-offer-opportunities |url-status=live }} genotoxic carcinogen{{cite journal |author=Kurokawa, Y. |author2=Maekawa, A. |author3=Takahashi, M. |author4=Hayashi, Y. |date=1990 |title=Toxicity and carcinogenicity of potassium bromate–a new renal carcinogen |journal= Environmental Health Perspectives |volume=87 |pages=309–335 |doi=10.1289/ehp.9087309|pmid=2269236 |pmc=1567851 |bibcode=1990EnvHP..87..309K }}

E924b

|Calcium bromate

|improving agent

|

E925

|Chlorine

|preservative, bleach, improving agent

|

E926

|Chlorine dioxide (preservative)

|bleach

|

E927a

|Azodicarbonamide

|improving agent

|identified as a Substance of Very High Concern in EU.{{cite web | url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-8-2014-008728-ASW_EN.html | title=Parliamentary question | Answer to Question No E-008728/14 | E-008728/2014(ASW) | European Parliament }}

E927b

|Carbamide (urea)

|improving agent

|Approved in the EU.

E928

|Benzoyl peroxide (improving agent)

|bleach

|

E929

|Acetone peroxide

|

|

E930

|Calcium peroxide (improving agent)

|bleach

|

E938

|Argon

|packaging gas

|Approved in the EU.

E939

|Helium

|packaging gas

|Approved in the EU.

E940

|Dichlorodifluoromethane

|packaging gas

|Banned in all countries, in compliance with the Montreal Protocol.

E941

|Nitrogen (packaging gas)

|propellant

|Approved in the EU.

E942

|Nitrous oxide

|propellant

|Approved in the EU.

E943a

|Butane

|propellant

|Approved in the EU.

E943b

|Isobutane

|propellant

|Approved in the EU.

E944

|Propane

|propellant

|Approved in the EU.

E945

|Chloropentafluoroethane

|propellant

|Banned in all countries, in compliance with the Montreal Protocol.

E946

|Octafluorocyclobutane

|propellant

|Banned in all countries, in compliance with the Montreal Protocol.

E948

|Oxygen

|packaging gas

|Approved in the EU.

E949

|Hydrogen

|packaging gas

|Approved in the EU.

E950

|Acesulfame potassium

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E951

|Aspartame

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E952

|Cyclamic acid and its sodium and calcium salts, also known as Cyclamate

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E953

|Isomalt, Isomaltitol

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E954

|Saccharin and its sodium, potassium and calcium salts

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E955

|Sucralose (Trichlorogalactosucrose)

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E956

|Alitame

|sweetener

|

E957

|Thaumatin (sweetener)

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E958

|Glycyrrhizin (sweetener)

|flavour enhancer

|

E959

|Neohesperidine dihydrochalcone (sweetener)

|flavour enhancer

|Approved in the EU.

E960

|Steviol glycosides

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.{{cite web|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:295:0205:0211:EN:PDF.|title=Stevia EU approval|access-date=14 November 2011|archive-date=11 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511184158/http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:295:0205:0211:EN:PDF.}}

E961

|Neotame

|sweetener

|Approved in 2010

E962

|Aspartame-acesulfame salt (sweetener)

|stabiliser

|Approved in the EU.

E964

|Polyglycitol syrup

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E965

|Maltitol (i) Maltitol (ii) Maltitol syrup (sweetener) (stabiliser)

|humectant

|Approved in the EU.

E966

|Lactitol

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E967

|Xylitol

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E968

|Erythritol

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E969

|Advantame

|sweetener

|Approved in the EU.

E999

|Quillaia extract

|foaming agent

|Approved in the EU.

=E1000–E1599 (additional additives) {{anchor|E1000–E1599}}=

class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
width=8%|Code

!width=40%|Name(s)

!width=20%|Purpose

!width=32%|Status

E1000

|Cholic acid

|emulsifier

|

E1001

|Choline salts

|emulsifier

|

E1100

|Amylase

|stabiliser, flavour enhancer

|

E1101

|Proteases ((i)Protease, (ii)Papain, (iii)Bromelain, (iv)Ficin)

|stabiliser, flavour enhancer

|

E1102

|Glucose oxidase

|antioxidant

|

E1103

|Invertase

|stabiliser

|Approved in the EU.

E1104

|Lipases

|

|

E1105

|Lysozyme

|preservative

|

E1200

|Polydextrose

|stabiliser, thickening agent, humectant, carrier

|Approved in the EU.

E1201

|Polyvinylpyrrolidone

|stabiliser

|Approved in the EU.

E1202

|Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (carrier)

|stabiliser

|Approved in the EU.

E1203

|Polyvinyl alcohol

|

|Approved in 2010

E1204

|Pullulan

|

|Approved in the EU.

E1400

|Dextrin (Dextrins, roasted starch white and yellow) (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|

E1401

|Modified starch ((Acid-treated starch) stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|

E1402

|Alkaline modified starch (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|

E1403

|Bleached starch (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|

E1404

|Oxidized starch (emulsifier)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1405

|Enzyme treated starch

|

|

E1410

|Monostarch phosphate (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1411

|Distarch glycerol (thickening agent)

|emulsifier

|

E1412

|Distarch phosphate esterified with sodium trimetasphosphate; esterified with phosphorus oxychloride (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1413

|Phosphated distarch phosphate (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1414

|Acetylated distarch phosphate (emulsifier)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1420

|Starch acetate esterified with acetic anhydride (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1421

|Starch acetate esterified with vinyl acetate (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|

E1422

|Acetylated distarch adipate (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1423

|Acetylated distarch glycerol

|thickening agent

|

E1430

|Distarch glycerine (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|

E1440

|Hydroxy propyl starch (emulsifier)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1441

|Hydroxy propyl distarch glycerine (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|

E1442

|Hydroxy propyl distarch phosphate (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1443

|Hydroxy propyl distarch glycerol

|

|

E1450

|Starch sodium octenyl succinate (emulsifier) (stabiliser)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1451

|Acetylated oxidised starch (emulsifier)

|thickening agent

|Approved in the EU.

E1452

|Starch aluminium octenyl succinate

|

|Approved in the EU.

E1501

|Benzylated hydrocarbons

|

|

E1502

|Butane-1, 3-diol

|

|

E1503

|Castor oil

|resolving agent

|

E1504

|Ethyl acetate

|flavour solvent

|

E1505

|Triethyl citrate

|foam stabiliser

|Approved in the EU.

E1510

|Ethanol

|

|

E1516

|Glyceryl monoacetate

|flavour solvent

|

E1517

|Glyceryl diacetate or diacetin

|flavour solvent

|

E1518

|Glyceryl triacetate or triacetin

|humectant and flavour solvent

|Approved in the EU.

E1519

|Benzyl alcohol

|

|

E1520

|Propylene glycol

|humectant and flavour solvent

|Approved in the EU.

E1521

|Polyethylene glycol 8000{{cite web

| last = New Zealand Food Safety Authority

| title = Identifying Food Additives

| url = http://www.foodsafety.govt.nz/elibrary/food-additives.pdf

| access-date = 6 December 2017

| archive-date = 7 December 2017

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171207013655/http://www.foodsafety.govt.nz/elibrary/food-additives.pdf

}}

|

|Approved in 2010

E1525

|Hydroxyethyl cellulose

|thickening agent

|

See also

References

{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

External links

  • [https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/en/ CODEXALIMENTARIUS FAO-WHO], the international foods standards, established by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1963
  • See also their document "[https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXG%2B36-1989%252FCXG_036e.pdf Class Names and the International Numbering System for Food Additives]" (Ref: CAC/GL #36 publ. in 1989, Revised in 2008, Amended in 2018, 2019, 2021)
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20110625012302/http://www.who.int/foodsafety/chem/jecfa/publications/en/index.html Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) publications] at the World Health Organization (WHO)
  • [https://www.fao.org/food/food-safety-quality/scientific-advice/jecfa/jecfa-additives/browse-alphabetically/en/ Food Additive Index], JECFA, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
  • [http://www.guidedways.com/halalfoodguide.php E-codes and ingredients search engine with details/suggestions for Muslims] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130710130226/http://www.guidedways.com/halalfoodguide.php |date=10 July 2013 }}
  • [https://ec.europa.eu/food/food-feed-portal/screen/food-additives/search Databases of EU-approved food additives and flavoring substances]
  • [http://www.foodlaw.rdg.ac.uk/additive.htm Food Additives in the European Union]
  • [https://www.faia.org.uk/ The Food Additives and Ingredients Association, FAIA website, UK.]

{{E number infobox 900-909}}

{{Consumer Food Safety}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:E Number}}

Category:Chemical numbering schemes

Category:Chemistry-related lists

Category:Food additives

Category:European Union food law

Category:1962 introductions

Category:1962 neologisms

Category:Number-related lists