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Foreign relations of the United Kingdom#Sovereignty disputes

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{{Use British English|date=October 2011}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}

{{Politics of the United Kingdom}}

The diplomatic foreign relations of the United Kingdom are conducted by the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, headed by the foreign secretary. The prime minister and numerous other agencies play a role in setting policy, and many institutions and businesses have a voice and a role.

The United Kingdom was the world's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries, most notably during the so-called "Pax Britannica"{{mdash}}a period of unrivaled supremacy and unprecedented international peace during the mid-to-late 1800s. The country continued to be widely considered a superpower until the Suez crisis of 1956 and the dismantling of the British Empire left the UK's dominant role in global affairs to be gradually diminished. Nevertheless, the United Kingdom remains a great power and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, a founding member of AUKUS, the Commonwealth, the Council of Europe, the G7, the G20, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, and the World Trade Organization. The UK was also a founding member state of the European Union (and a member of its predecessors). However, due to the outcome of a 2016 membership referendum, proceedings to withdraw from the EU began in 2017 and concluded when the UK formally left the EU on 31 January 2020, and the transition period on 31 December 2020 with an EU trade agreement. Since the vote and the conclusion of trade talks with the EU, policymakers have begun pursuing new trade agreements with other global partners.

History

{{main|History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom}}

{{further|Timeline of British diplomatic history|History of the United Kingdom}}

File:Battle of Nivelle - November 10th 1813 - Fonds Ancely - B315556101 A HEATH 029 (cropped).jpg - a Peninsular War battle between the French and the British armies in France in 1813]]

Following the formation of the Kingdom of Great Britain (which united England and Scotland) in 1707, British foreign relations largely continued those of the Kingdom of England. British foreign policy initially focused on achieving a balance of power within Europe, with no one country achieving dominance over the affairs of the continent. This policy remained a major justification for Britain's wars against Napoleon, and for British involvement in the First and Second World Wars. Secondly Britain continued the expansion of its colonial "First British Empire" by migration and investment.

France was the chief enemy until the defeat of Napoleon in 1815. It had a much larger population and a more powerful army, but a weaker navy. The British were generally successful in their many wars. The notable exception, the American War of Independence (1775–1783), saw Britain, without any major allies, defeated by the American colonials who had the support of France, the Netherlands and (indirectly) Spain. A favoured British diplomatic strategy involved subsidising the armies of continental allies (such as Prussia), thereby turning London's enormous financial power to military advantage. Britain relied heavily on its Royal Navy for security, seeking to keep it the most powerful fleet afloat, eventually with a full complement of bases across the globe. British dominance of the seas was vital to the formation and maintaining of the British Empire, which was achieved through the support of a navy larger than the next two largest navies combined, prior to 1920. The British generally stood alone until the early 20th century, when it became friendly with the U.S. and made alliances with Japan, France and Russia and Germany former antagonist now ally.

=1814–1914=

{{Main|History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom#1814-1914}}

{{Further|International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)|Foreign policy of William Ewart Gladstone}}

File:Arthur Mees Flags of A Free Empire 1910 Cornell CUL PJM 1167 01 (Reddit source).jpg (as of 1910). At its height, it was the largest empire in history.]]

The 100 years were generally peaceful—a sort of Pax Britannica enforced by the Royal Navy. There were two important wars, both limited in scope. The Crimean War (1853–1856) saw the defeat of Russia and its threat to the Ottoman Empire. The Second Boer War (1899–1902) saw the defeat of the two Boer republics in South Africa and Boxer Rebellion happen the same year. London became the world's financial centre, and commercial enterprise expanded across the globe. The "Second British Empire" was built with a base in Asia (especially India) and Africa.

=First World War=

{{main|History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom#First World War}}

{{Further|Causes of World War I|Treaty of Versailles}}

=1920s=

{{main|History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom#1920s}}

After 1918 Britain was a "troubled giant" that was less of a dominant diplomatic force in the 1920s than before. It often had to give way to the United States, which frequently exercised its financial superiority.F.S. Northedge, The troubled giant: Britain among the great powers, 1916-1939 (1966). The main themes of British foreign policy included a leading role at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919–1920, where Lloyd George worked hard to moderate French demands for revenge on Germany.Erik Goldstein, Winning the peace: British diplomatic strategy, peace planning, and the Paris Peace Conference, 1916-1920 (1991). He was partly successful, but Britain soon had to moderate French policy toward Germany further, as in the Locarno Treaties of 1925.Frank Magee, "‘Limited Liability’? Britain and the Treaty of Locarno." Twentieth Century British History 6.1 (1995): 1-22.Andrew Barros, "Disarmament as a weapon: Anglo-French relations and the problems of enforcing German disarmament, 1919–28." Journal of Strategic Studies 29#2 (2006): 301-321. Furthermore, Britain obtained "mandates" that allowed it and its dominions to govern most of the former German and Ottoman colonies.Wm Roger Louis, "The United Kingdom and the beginning of the mandates system, 1919–1922." International Organization 23.1 (1969): 73-96.

Britain became an active member of the new League of Nations, but its list of major achievements was slight.Peter J. Yearwood, Guarantee of Peace: The League of Nations in British Policy 1914-1925 (2009).Susan Pedersen, "Back to the League of Nations." American Historical Review 112.4 (2007): 1091-1117. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40008445 in JSTOR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001032512/https://www.jstor.org/stable/40008445 |date=1 October 2018}}

Disarmament was high on the agenda, and Britain played a major role following the United States in the Washington Naval Conference of 1921 in working toward naval disarmament of the major powers. By 1933 disarmament agreements had collapsed and the issue became rearming for a war against Germany.Raymond G. O'Connor, "The 'Yardstick' and Naval Disarmament in the 1920s." Mississippi Valley Historical Review 45.3 (1958): 441-463. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1889320 in JSTOR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001032504/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1889320 |date=1 October 2018}}

Britain was partially successful in negotiating better terms with United States regarding the large war loans which Britain was obliged to repay.Frank C. Costigliola, "Anglo-American financial rivalry in the 1920s." Journal of Economic History 37.4 (1977): 911-934. Britain supported the international solution to German reparations through the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan. After the Dawes Plan had helped stabilize Germany's currency and lowered its annual payments, Germany was able to pay its annual reparations using money borrowed from New York banks, and Britain used the money received to pay Washington.Patrick O. Cohrs, The unfinished peace after World War I: America, Britain and the stabilization of Europe, 1919-1932 (Cambridge, 2006). The Great Depression starting in 1929 put enormous pressure on the British economy. Britain revived Imperial Preference, which meant low tariffs within the British Empire and higher barriers to trade with outside countries. The flow of money from New York dried up, and the system of reparations and payment of debt died in 1931.

In domestic British politics, the emerging Labour Party had a distinctive and suspicious foreign policy based on pacifism. Its leaders believed that peace was impossible because of capitalism, secret diplomacy, and the trade in armaments. Labour stressed material factors that ignored the psychological memories of the Great War and the highly emotional tensions regarding nationalism and the boundaries of countries. Nevertheless, party leader Ramsay MacDonald devoted much of his attention to European policies.Henry R. Winkler. "The Emergence of a Labor Foreign Policy in Great Britain, 1918-1929." Journal of Modern History 28.3 (1956): 247-258. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1876236 in JSTOR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807162343/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1876236 |date=7 August 2018}}

=1930s=

{{main| History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom#1930s}}

{{Further| Appeasement| Neville Chamberlain's European Policy}}

File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R69173, Münchener Abkommen, Staatschefs.jpg, which gave the Sudetenland to Nazi Germany.]]

Vivid memories of the horrors and deaths of the First World War inclined many Britons—and their leaders in all parties—to pacifism in the interwar era. This led directly to the appeasement of dictators (notably of Mussolini and of Hitler) in order to avoid their threats of war.Patrick Finney, "The romance of decline: The historiography of appeasement and British national identity." Electronic Journal of International History 1 (2000). [http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/3385/1/Journal_of_International_History_2000-06_Finney.pdf online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505065621/http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/3385/1/Journal_of_International_History_2000-06_Finney.pdf |date=5 May 2018}}

The challenge came from those dictators, first from Benito Mussolini, Duce of Italy, then from Adolf Hitler, Führer of a much more powerful Nazi Germany. The League of Nations proved disappointing to its supporters; it failed to resolve any of the threats posed by the dictators. British policy involved "appeasing" them in the hopes they would be satiated. By 1938 it was clear that war was looming, and that Germany had the world's most powerful military. The final act of appeasement came when Britain and France sacrificed Czechoslovakia to Hitler's demands at the Munich Agreement of September 1938.David Faber, Munich, 1938: Appeasement and World War II (2010) Instead of satiation, Hitler menaced Poland, and at last Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain dropped appeasement and stood firm in promising to defend Poland (31 March 1939). Hitler however cut a deal with Joseph Stalin to divide Eastern Europe (23 August 1939); when Germany did invade Poland in September 1939, Britain and France declared war, and the British Commonwealth followed London's lead.Donald Cameron Watt, How War Came: Immediate Origins of the Second World War, 1938–39 (1990)

=Second World War=

{{Further|Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II|Diplomatic history of World War II}}

Having signed the Anglo-Polish military alliance in August 1939, Britain and France declared war against Germany in September 1939 in response to Germany's invasion of Poland. This declaration included the Crown colonies and India, which Britain directly controlled. The dominions were independent in foreign policy, though all quickly entered the war against Germany. After the French defeat in June 1940, Britain and its empire stood alone in combat against Germany, until June 1941. The United States gave diplomatic, financial and material support, starting in 1940, especially through Lend Lease, which began in 1941 and attain full strength during 1943. In August 1941, Churchill and Roosevelt met and agreed on the Atlantic Charter, which proclaimed "the rights of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they live" should be respected. This wording was ambiguous and would be interpreted differently by the British, Americans, and nationalist movements.Keith Sainsbury, Churchill and Roosevelt at War: the war they fought and the peace they hoped to make (New York University Press, 1994).

Starting in December 1941, Japan overran British possessions in Asia, including Hong Kong, Malaya, and especially the key base at Singapore. Japan then marched into Burma, headed toward India. Churchill's reaction to the entry of the United States into the war was that Britain was now assured of victory and the future of the empire was safe, but the rapid defeats irreversibly harmed Britain's standing and prestige as an imperial power. The realisation that Britain could not defend them pushed Australia and New Zealand into permanent close ties with the United States.{{cite book|author=Alan Warren|title=Britain's Greatest Defeat: Singapore 1942|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zosKzAoocu8C&pg=PA295|year=2006|publisher=Continuum|page=295|isbn=9781852855970|access-date=15 June 2021|archive-date=4 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604021629/https://books.google.com/books?id=zosKzAoocu8C&pg=PA295|url-status=live}}

=Postwar=

{{further|Postwar Britain (1945–1979)|Cold War}}

File:United Kingdom overseas military installations and operations.png in 2016 (blue) and military interventions since 2000 (red).]]

Economically in dire straits in 1945 (saddled with debt and dealing with widespread destruction of its infrastructure), Britain systematically reduced its overseas commitments. It pursued an alternate role as an active participant in the Cold War against communism, especially as a founding member of NATO in 1949.F.S. Northedge, Descent From Power British Foreign Policy 1945-1973 (1974) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.117738 online]{{dead link|date=October 2020}}

The British had built up a very large worldwide Empire, which peaked in size in 1922, after more than half a century of unchallenged global supremacy. The cumulative costs of fighting two world wars, however, placed a heavy burden upon the home economy, and after 1945 the British Empire rapidly began to disintegrate, with all the major colonies gaining independence. By the mid-to-late 1950s, the UK's status as a superpower was gone in the face of the United States and the Soviet Union. Most former colonies joined the "Commonwealth of Nations", an organisation of fully independent nations now with equal status to the UK. However it attempted no major collective policies.Lawrence James, The Rise and Fall of the British Empire (2001)Stephen Wall, A Stranger in Europe: Britain and the EU from Thatcher to Blair (2008) The last major colony, Hong Kong, was handed over to China in 1997.{{Cite news|date=2017-06-29|title=Hong Kong's handover explained|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-40426827|access-date=2020-05-18|archive-date=10 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810223147/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-40426827|url-status=live}} Fourteen British Overseas Territories maintain a constitutional link to the UK, but are not part of the country per se.{{Cite news|date=2016-02-04|title=What's left of the British Empire (and how to see it)|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/galleries/What-are-the-14-British-Overseas-Territories-and-how-can-I-visit-them/|access-date=2020-05-18|issn=0307-1235|archive-date=29 June 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180629143858/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/galleries/What-are-the-14-British-Overseas-Territories-and-how-can-I-visit-them/|url-status=live}}

Britain slashed its involvements in the Middle East after the humiliating Suez Crisis of 1956. However Britain did forge close military ties with the United States, France, and Germany, through the NATO military alliance. After years of debate (and rebuffs), Britain joined the Common Market in 1973; which became the European Union in 1993.Andrew Marr, A History of Modern Britain (2009) However it did not merge financially, and kept the pound separate from the Euro, which partly isolated it from the Euro area crisis.Stephen Wall, A Stranger in Europe: Britain and the EU from Thatcher to Blair (Oxford University Press, 2008) In June 2016, the UK voted to leave the EU.Andrew Gamble, "Better Off Out? Britain and Europe." The Political Quarterly (2012) 83#3: 468-477.Nathaniel Copsey and Tim Haughton, "Farewell Britannia? 'Issue Capture' and the Politics of David Cameron's 2013 EU Referendum Pledge." JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies (2014) 52-S1: 74-89.

=21st century=

{{anchor|Foreign policy}}

{{Further|International relations since 1989|Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)}}

File:President_Joe_Biden_sits_down_with_Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_for_a_bilateral_engagement_in_the_Oval_Office.jpg with US President Joe Biden at the White House, July 2024]]

Foreign policy initiatives of UK governments since the 1990s have included military intervention in conflicts and for peacekeeping, humanitarian assistance programmes and increased aid spending, support for establishment of the International Criminal Court, debt relief for developing countries, prioritisation of initiatives to address climate change, and promotion of free trade.{{cite book|last1=Gaskarth|first1=Jamie|title=British Foreign Policy Crises, Conflicts and Future Challenges.|date=2013|publisher=Wiley|location=Hoboken|isbn=9780745670003|page=15|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZISAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT15|access-date=25 October 2020|archive-date=17 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817232719/https://books.google.com/books?id=TZISAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT15|url-status=live}} The British approach has been described as "spread the right norms and sustain NATO".{{cite book|last1=Wagnsson|first1=Charlotte|title=Security in a Greater Europe: The Possibility of a Pan-European Approach|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780719086717|page=33|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C9DJCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA33|quote=The British solution: spread the right norms and sustain NATO ... The new rules placed humanitarian intervention above the principle of sovereignty. Blair stated that this 'would become the basis of an approach to future conflict'.|access-date=8 November 2016|archive-date=18 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818154131/https://books.google.com/books?id=C9DJCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA33|url-status=live}}

Lunn et al. (2008) argue:{{cite journal|first1=Jon|last1=Lunn|first2=Vaughne|last2=Miller|first3=Ben|last3=Smith|title=British foreign policy since 1997|publisher=House Commons Library|journal=Research Paper 08/56|date=23 June 2008|url=https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/RP08-56/RP08-56.pdf}}

:Three key motifs of Tony Blair's 10-year premiership were an activist philosophy of 'interventionism', maintaining a strong alliance with the US and a commitment to placing Britain at the heart of Europe. While the 'special relationship' and the question of Britain's role in Europe have been central to British foreign policy since the Second World War...interventionism was a genuinely new element.

The GREAT campaign of 2012 was one of the most ambitious national promotion efforts ever undertaken by any major nation. It was scheduled take maximum advantage of the worldwide attention to the Summer Olympics in London. The goals were to make British more culture visible in order to stimulate trade, investment and tourism. The government partnered with key leaders in culture, business, diplomacy and education. The campaign unified many themes and targets, including business meetings; scholarly conventions; recreational vehicle dealers; parks and campgrounds; convention and visitors bureaus; hotels; bed and breakfast inns; casinos; and hotels.James Pamment, "'Putting the GREAT Back into Britain': National Identity, Public-Private Collaboration & Transfers of Brand Equity in 2012's Global Promotional Campaign," British Journal of Politics & International Relations (2015) 17#2 pp 260-283.Pawel Surowiec, and Philip Long, “Hybridity and Soft Power Statecraft: The ‘GREAT’ Campaign.” Diplomacy & Statecraft 31:1 (2020): 1-28. [https://hdiplo.org/to/AR989 online review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228185930/https://issforum.org/reviews/PDF/AR989.pdf |date=28 December 2021}} https://doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2020.1721092 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228185932/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09592296.2020.1721092 |date=28 December 2021}}

In 2013, the government of David Cameron described its approach to foreign policy by saying:{{cite web|title=Review of the Balance of Competences between the United Kingdom and the European Union: Foreign Policy|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/227437/2901086_Foreign_Policy_acc.pdf|publisher=HM Government|access-date=21 November 2015|page=13|date=July 2013|archive-date=10 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310065254/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/227437/2901086_Foreign_Policy_acc.pdf|url-status=live}}

:For any given foreign policy issue, the UK potentially has a range of options for delivering impact in our national interest. ... [W]e have a complex network of alliances and partnerships through which we can work.... These include – besides the EU – the UN and groupings within it, such as the five permanent members of the Security Council (the “P5”); NATO; the Commonwealth; the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development; the G8 and G20 groups of leading industrialised nations; and so on.

The UK began establishing air and naval facilities in the Persian Gulf, located in the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Oman in 2014–15.{{cite web|date=April 2013|title=A Return to East of Suez? UK Military Deployment to the Gulf|url=https://www.rusi.org/publications/other/ref:N517AA8D59D1B3/|access-date=1 July 2015|publisher=Royal United Services Institute|archive-date=2 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702075536/https://www.rusi.org/publications/other/ref:N517AA8D59D1B3/|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|date=19 September 2013|title=The New East of Suez Question: Damage Limitation after Failure Over Syria|url=https://www.rusi.org/analysis/commentary/ref:C523A2F0A381F3/#.VZROPeu-ra6|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702081038/https://www.rusi.org/analysis/commentary/ref%3AC523A2F0A381F3/#.VZROPeu-ra6|archive-date=2 July 2015|access-date=1 July 2015|publisher=Royal United Services Institute|df=dmy-all}}{{cite web|date=December 2014|title=East of Suez, West from Helmand: British Expeditionary Force and the next SDSR|url=http://www.oxfordresearchgroup.org.uk/sites/default/files/ORGDec14EastSuezWestHelmand_0.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702074143/http://www.oxfordresearchgroup.org.uk/sites/default/files/ORGDec14EastSuezWestHelmand_0.pdf|archive-date=2 July 2015|access-date=22 May 2015|publisher=Oxford Research Group}}{{cite news|date=1 October 2015|title=Defence Secretary visits Oman|agency=Ministry of Defence|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/defence-secretary-visits-oman|access-date=28 October 2015|archive-date=16 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016112704/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/defence-secretary-visits-oman|url-status=live}} The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 highlighted a range of foreign policy initiatives of the UK government.{{cite web|title=National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/478933/52309_Cm_9161_NSS_SD_Review_web_only.pdf|date=November 2015|publisher=HM Government|access-date=23 November 2015|archive-date=24 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151124082813/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/478933/52309_Cm_9161_NSS_SD_Review_web_only.pdf|url-status=live}}{{cite web|author1=Lord Robertson, former UK Defence Secretary and Secretary General of NATO|title=The 2015 Strategic Defence and Security Review and its Implications|url=http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/the-2015-strategic-defence-and-security-review-and-its-implications|publisher=Gresham College|access-date=26 November 2015|date=27 October 2015|quote=Defence Review would be foreign policy led|archive-date=30 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730130936/http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/the-2015-strategic-defence-and-security-review-and-its-implications|url-status=live}} Edward Longinotti notes how current British defence policy is grappling with how to accommodate two major commitments, to Europe and to an ‘east of Suez’ global military strategy, within a modest defence budget that can only fund one. He points out that Britain's December 2014 agreement to open a permanent naval base in Bahrain underlines its gradual re-commitment east of Suez.{{Cite web|url=http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/for-gods-sake-act-like-britain-lessons-from-the-1960s-for-british-defence|title='For God's sake, act like Britain' Lessons from the 1960s for British defence policy|last=Longinotti|first=Edward|date=9 September 2015|publisher=History & Policy|access-date=7 July 2016|archive-date=17 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817090724/http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/for-gods-sake-act-like-britain-lessons-from-the-1960s-for-british-defence|url-status=live}} By some measures, Britain remains the second most powerful country in the world by virtue of its soft power and "logistical capability to deploy, support and sustain [military] forces overseas in large numbers."{{Cite web|last=Allison|first=George|date=2017-11-20|title=Study finds UK is second most powerful country in the world|url=https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/study-finds-uk-is-second-most-powerful-country-in-the-world/|access-date=2020-11-03|language=en-GB|archive-date=8 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108105529/https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/study-finds-uk-is-second-most-powerful-country-in-the-world/|url-status=live}} Although commentators have questioned the need for global power projection,{{Cite news|last=Jenkins|first=Simon|date=2018-06-28|title=It's delusional to think Britain should be a global military power|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jun/28/britain-global-military-power-armed-forces-defence-spending|access-date=2020-11-03|issn=0261-3077|quote=A modern state needs domestic policing and homeland protection. It needs air and sea coastguards and a reserve for emergencies in cooperation with its neighbours, EU or no EU.|archive-date=9 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109025117/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jun/28/britain-global-military-power-armed-forces-defence-spending|url-status=live}} the concept of “Global Britain” put forward by the Conservative government in 2019 signalled more military activity in the Middle East and Pacific, outside of NATO's traditional sphere of influence.{{Cite web|last=White|first=Kenton|title=How important is NATO to British defence policy?|url=http://theconversation.com/how-important-is-nato-to-british-defence-policy-126534|access-date=2020-11-03|website=The Conversation|date=29 November 2019 |language=en|archive-date=3 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203114414/https://theconversation.com/how-important-is-nato-to-british-defence-policy-126534|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|title=Defence in Global Britain|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/defence-in-global-britain|access-date=2020-11-03|website=GOV.UK|date=11 February 2019 |language=en|archive-date=11 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190211172619/https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/defence-in-global-britain|url-status=live}}

At the end of January 2020, the United Kingdom left the European Union, with a subsequent trade agreement with the EU in effect from 1 January 2021, setting out the terms of the UK-EU economic relationship and what abilities the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office can use in foreign relations related to trade.

Diplomatic relations

British diplomatic relations date back to the 13th century.{{Cite web |last=Archives |first=The National |title=The National Archives - Homepage |url=https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/foreign-affairs-before-1509/ |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=The National Archives |language=en-GB}} The United Kingdom has established diplomatic relations with all United Nations members, aside from Bhutan, in addition to 2 Non-UN member states: Holy See, and Kosovo. Moreover, the UK established official relations with the Sovereign Military Order of Malta on 9 October 2024.{{Cite news|author=Order of Malta|date=9 October 2024 |title=The Order of Malta and the United Kingdom establish official relations and strengthen bilateral cooperation with the signing of a Strategic Memorandum of Understaning|url=https://www.orderofmalta.int/press-releases/order-of-malta-united-kingdom-establish-official-relations-strengthen-bilateral-cooperation-signing-strategic-memorandum-of-understanding/|location=Rome|website=Order of Malta|access-date=17 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241217175529/https://www.orderofmalta.int/press-releases/order-of-malta-united-kingdom-establish-official-relations-strengthen-bilateral-cooperation-signing-strategic-memorandum-of-understanding/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=aPaGHHT16Lmx6R1xMsxfzE4U7Dqtpg0P4mRqdoJMEUI-1734458129-1.0.1.1-xJxRlQWfumKh4Edc218bLhbVCJsjjSnyzU.KO9kT080|archive-date=17 December 2024|url-status=live}} The following table lists the date from which diplomatic relations were established with other countries:

class="wikitable sortable"

|+ File:Diplomatic_relations_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg


List of diplomatic relations of the United Kingdom

Country

!Date

!Ref.

{{#invoke:flagPortugal}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 May 1386}}

|{{Cite web |title=United Kingdom |url=https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/en/bilateral-relations/general-countries/united-kingdom-ing |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231021161423/https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/en/bilateral-relations/general-countries/united-kingdom-ing|archive-date=21 October 2023|url-status=live}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Portugal and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagFrance}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1396}}

|{{Cite book |title=The Gentleman's Magazine (London, England), 168 |publisher=F. Jefferies |year=1840 |pages=483}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when France and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagDenmark}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|25 October 1401}}

|{{Cite web |title=Former Diplomatic Representatives and Ambassadors |url=https://storbritannien.um.dk/en/about-us/ambassadors-office/content-page |access-date=27 October 2024}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Denmark and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagSpain}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1505}}

|{{cite book|last=Hillgarth|first=Jocelyn Nigel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vXTs8jJiuu8C&pg=PA17|title=The Mirror of Spain, 1500-1700: The Formation of a Myth|publisher=University of Michigan Press|year=2000|page=17|isbn=9780472110926}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Spain and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagRussia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|24 August 1553}}

|{{Cite web |date=24 August 2016 |title=День в истории: 24 августа 1553 года. Установлены дипломатические отношения между Россией и Англией |url=https://sputnikipogrom.com/calendar/58891/24-august-1553/ |access-date=26 January 2025 |language=ru}}

{{#invoke:flagNetherlands}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 April 1603}}

|{{Cite book |last=Bell |first=Gary M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9D86YgEACAAJ |title=A Handlist of British Diplomatic Representatives: 1509-1688 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1995 |isbn=0521283221 |pages=194, 221, 275 and 283}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the Netherlands and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=December 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagSweden}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|23 December 1653}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Sweden and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagUnited States}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 June 1785}}

|{{Cite web |title=A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: The United Kingdom|website=Office of the Historian|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/united-kingdom |access-date=4 April 2024|archive-date=21 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240321170510/https://history.state.gov/countries/united-kingdom|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagIran}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|5 June 1807}}

|{{Cite book |last=Joseph Haydn |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=buoKAAAAYAAJ&dq=Harford+Jones+Brydges+envoy+to+Persia+5+June+1807&pg=PA86 |title=The Book of Dignities Containing Rolls of the Official Personages of the British Empire ... from the Earliest Periods to the Present Time ... |publisher=Longmans, Brown, Green, and Longmans |year=1851 |pages=86}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Iran and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=July 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagNepal}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|4 March 1816}}

|{{cite web|title=UK and Nepal celebrate 200 years of friendship |website=GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-nepal-celebrate-200-years-of-friendship |access-date=30 March 2025 |quote=...the Treaty of Segauli established formal relations between the UK and Nepal. It was ratified in March 1816...}}{{Cite web |title=Sugauli Treaty 1816 |url=https://www.historyjournal.net/article/42/2-2-17-612.pdf |website=International Journal of History |access-date=30 March 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagChile}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|14 September 1823}}

|{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=200 Years of Diplomatic Relations between Chile & the UK|url=https://features.diplomatmagazine.com/200-years-of-diplomatic-relations-between-chile-the-uk/index.html|date=14 September 2023|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=16 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201142147/https://features.diplomatmagazine.com/200-years-of-diplomatic-relations-between-chile-the-uk/index.html|archive-date=1 December 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagPeru}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|10 October 1823}}

|{{Cite web|author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Peru|title=Perú y Reino Unido celebran 200 años del establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas |url=https://www.gob.pe/institucion/rree/noticias/847479-peru-y-reino-unido-celebran-200-anos-del-establecimiento-de-relaciones-diplomaticas|date=10 October 2023|access-date=22 October 2023 |website=gob.pe|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231021210538/https://www.gob.pe/institucion/rree/noticias/847479-peru-y-reino-unido-celebran-200-anos-del-establecimiento-de-relaciones-diplomaticas|archive-date=21 October 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagArgentina}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|2 February 1825}}

|{{Cite x|author=Embajada Británica en Argentina|user=UKinArgentina|number=1886057337707745526|date=2 February 2025|title=Un día como hoy, hace exactamente 200 años, dos grandes países iniciaban sus relaciones diplomáticas. 🇬🇧 🇦🇷 Repasemos juntos esta historia de abrazos y amistades entre argentinos y británicos|url=https://x.com/CancilleriaUy/status/1892944570486337550|access-date=5 June 2025|language=es}}

{{#invoke:flagColombia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|18 April 1825}}

|{{Cite web |author=GOV.CO|title=Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte|url=https://www.cancilleria.gov.co/internacional/politica/regiones/europa/gran-bretana|website=Cancillería|access-date=1 February 2025|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250201160848/https://www.cancilleria.gov.co/internacional/politica/regiones/europa/gran-bretana|archive-date=1 February 2025|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagBrazil}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|31 January 1826}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jNkNAAAAQAAJ&dq=1826+Robert+Gordon,+env.ex.+and+min.+plen.+Jan.+31&pg=RA2-PA44 |title=The Foreign Office List |publisher=Great Britain. Foreign Office |year=1866 |pages=44}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Brazil and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=June 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMexico}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|26 December 1826}}

|{{Cite web|author=Presidency of the Republic EPN|date=3 November 2014 |title=Relación bilateral México - Reino Unido |url=https://www.gob.mx/epn/articulos/relacion-bilateral-mexico-reino-unido |access-date=30 July 2024|website=Gobierno de México|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220909035438/https://www.gob.mx/epn/articulos/relacion-bilateral-mexico-reino-unido|archive-date=9 September 2022|url-status=dead}}

{{#invoke:flagGreece}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|21 November 1828}}

|{{Cite web |title=Greece liberated |url=https://200years.mfa.gr/en/diplomatic-consular-relations-en/united-kingdom/ |access-date=2 February 2025 |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece}}

{{#invoke:flagBelgium}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 December 1830}}

|{{Cite book |last=Francis W H Cavendish and Edward Hertslet |url=https://archive.org/details/foreign-office-list-1863-july/page/44/mode/1up?q=Foreign+Office+List |title=The Foreign Office List forming a complete British Diplomatic and Consular Handbook 1863 July. 23rd Publication | date=July 1863 |publisher=1863-07 |page=44 |access-date=2 January 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagUruguay}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|21 February 1833}}

|{{Cite x|author=Cancillería Uruguay|user=CancilleriaUy|number=1892944570486337550|date=21 February 2025|title=Aniversario del establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas con el Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte|url=https://x.com/CancilleriaUy/status/1892944570486337550|access-date=7 March 2025|language=es}}

{{#invoke:flagVenezuela}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|15 August 1835}}

|{{Cite news |date=30 August 2023 |title=Venezuela y Reino Unido afianzan comunicación y respeto a la soberanía |url=https://www.ciudadvalencia.com.ve/venezuela-y-reino-unido-afianzan-comunicacion-y-respeto-a-la-soberania/ |access-date=6 July 2025 |language=es}}{{Cite web |date=15 August 2023 |title=¿Sabías que hoy #15Agosto estamos celebrando el 188° aniversario del inicio de las relaciones diplomáticas entre el Reino Unido y Venezuela? |website=Facebook |url=https://www.facebook.com/reel/181227381641331 |access-date=6 July 2025 |language=es}}

{{#invoke:flagGuatemala}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|12 July 1837}}

|{{cite web |title=Relaciones Diplomáticas de Guatemala |url=https://www.minex.gob.gt/DirectorioPaisesRelacion.aspx |access-date=11 April 2024|website=Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Guatemala|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240409073937/https://www.minex.gob.gt/DirectorioPaisesRelacion.aspx?__cf_chl_rt_tk=dhO..Vwwo9gqIk67IvyWTUpTEKSPMMvJ5MD3M777TbA-1712648377-0.0.1.1-1557|archive-date=9 April 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagBolivia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|29 September 1840}}

|{{Cite book |title=Manual de referencia de tratados comerciales latinoamericanos |publisher=United States Tariff Commission |year=1941 |pages=39 |language=es}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Bolivia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagEthiopia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1841}}

|{{Cite web|author=Room for Diplomacy|title=Addis Ababa |url=https://roomfordiplomacy.com/addis-ababa/ |access-date=5 February 2024|website=Room for Diplomacy |date=18 January 2015 |language=en-UK|archive-date=5 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205002700/https://roomfordiplomacy.com/addis-ababa/|url-status=live}}{{Better source needed|reason=The source only states the year when Ethiopia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagCosta Rica}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|28 February 1848}}

|{{Cite web |title=Relación de Costa Rica con Gran Bretaña|url=https://www.rree.go.cr/?sec=exterior&cat=politica|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Worship of Costa Rica|access-date=25 April 2025 |language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201214093550/https://www.rree.go.cr/?sec=exterior&cat=politica&cont=522&pais=GB|archive-date=14 December 2020|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagHonduras}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|16 June 1849}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_4toNAAAAQAAJ/page/n69/mode/1up |title=The foreign officer list and diplomatic and consular hand book january 1877 |date=23 February 1877 |publisher=1877 |pages=44}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Honduras and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagLiberia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 August 1849}}

|{{Cite web |title=Treaty of Friendship and Commerce between Great Britain and Liberia|work=UK Parliament|url=https://api.parliament.uk/uk-treaties/treaties/6162 |access-date=12 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712214726/https://api.parliament.uk/uk-treaties/treaties/6162|archive-date=12 July 2023|url-status=live}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Liberia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagDominican Republic}}

|{{Date table sorting|6 March 1850}}

|{{Cite x|author=Cancillería de República Dominicana|user=MIREXRD|number=1897630497385193959|date=6 March 2025|title=#RepúblicaDominicana 🇩🇴 y el Reino Unido 🇬🇧 de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte celebran hoy 6 de marzo, 175 años de amistad|url=https://x.com/MIREXRD/status/1897630497385193959|language=es|access-date=1 July 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagEcuador}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|29 January 1853}}

|{{Cite book |title=Manual de referencia de tratados comerciales latinoamericanos |publisher=United States Tariff Commission |year=1941 |pages=169 |language=es}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Ecuador and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagParaguay}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|4 March 1853}}

|{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=Paraguay|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/paraguay/|date=1 March 2012|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=1 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429170738/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/paraguay/|archive-date=29 April 2017|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagThailand}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|18 April 1855}}

|{{Cite web |title=Political Relations|website=Royal Thai Embassy, London|date=23 January 2024|url=https://london.thaiembassy.org/en/page/politic?menu=65afe63369565e0f3234c853|access-date=5 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405151643/https://london.thaiembassy.org/en/page/politic?menu=65afe63369565e0f3234c853|archive-date=5 April 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagJapan}}

|{{Date table sorting|26 August 1858}}

|{{Cite web|title=Japan-UK 150 |url=https://www.uk.emb-japan.go.jp/japanuk150/japanuk150/japanuk_e.html|work=Embassy of Japan in the United Kingdom|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713125442/https://www.uk.emb-japan.go.jp/japanuk150/japanuk150/japanuk_e.html|archive-date=13 July 2023|access-date=13 August 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagNicaragua}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|18 January 1859}}

|{{Cite web|title=Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation between Her Majesty and the Republic of Nicaragua|url=https://api.parliament.uk/uk-treaties/treaties/11939|website=UK Parliament|access-date=21 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520231359/https://api.parliament.uk/uk-treaties/treaties/11939|archive-date=20 May 2024|url-status=live}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Nicaragua and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagItaly}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|13 April 1859}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nUjwdW92WjYC&dq=Antonio+Maria+Migliorati+ministro+residente+italia+en+Equatore++25+febbraio+1864&pg=PA55 |title=Annuario diplomatico del Regno d'Italia ... |publisher=Italia : Ministero degli affari esteri |year=1886 |pages=55 |language=it |access-date=26 October 2023}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Italy and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagHaiti}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|13 May 1859}}

|{{Cite book |last=Francis W H Cavendish and Edward Hertslet |url=https://archive.org/details/foreign-office-list-1863-july/page/46/mode/1up?q=Foreign+Office+List |title=The Foreign Office List forming a complete British Diplomatic and Consular Handbook 1863 July. 23rd Publication | date=July 1863 |publisher=1863-07 |pages=46 |access-date=14 October 2023}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Haiti and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagSerbia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|7 February 1870}}

|{{cite web |last=Karlicic |first=Miljkan |date=2021 |title=An Overview of The History of Serbian-British Relations |url=https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0409-2953/2021/0409-29532102045K.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020005626/https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0409-2953/2021/0409-29532102045K.pdf |archive-date=20 October 2023 |access-date=24 December 2021 |page=46}}

{{#invoke:flagBulgaria}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|23 July 1879}}

|{{cite web |title=Bilateral relations|url=http://bulgarianembassy-london.org/bulgaria-and-uk/bilateral-relations/|work=Embassy of the Republic of Bulgaria, London|access-date=8 April 2024|archive-date=29 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229115455/http://bulgarianembassy-london.org/bulgaria-and-uk/bilateral-relations/|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagRomania}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|20 February 1880}}

|{{Cite web |title=Brief history of Romanian – British diplomatic relations (1880-2022)|url=https://londra.mae.ro/en/node/393|website=Embassy of Romania to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|access-date=5 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302221446/https://londra.mae.ro/en/node/393|archive-date=2 March 2022|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagEl Salvador}}

|{{Date table sorting|1883}}

|{{Cite web|author=Dirección General de Política Exterior|title=Redistro de Fechas de Establecimiento de RD |url=https://www.transparencia.gob.sv/institutions/rree/documents/338286/download|date=26 June 2019 |access-date=9 March 2022|work=Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores|page=2 |language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820224014/https://www.transparencia.gob.sv/institutions/rree/documents/338286/download|archive-date=20 August 2021|url-status=dead}}{{Better source needed|reason=The source only states the year when El Salvador and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=May 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagLuxembourg}}

|{{dts|8 June 1891}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aenfAAAAMAAJ&dq=Luxembourg+:+Horace+RUMBOLD,+envoy%C3%A9+extraordinaire+et+ministre+pl%C3%A9nipotentiaire&pg=PP13 |title=Le grand-duché de Luxembourg dans ses relations internationales |publisher=la cour V. Bück, L. Bück successeur |year=1892 |language=fr}}

{{#invoke:flagSwitzerland}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1891}}

|{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relations Switzerland–United Kingdom|url=https://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/representations-and-travel-advice/great-britain/switzerland-great-britain.html|website=Federal Department of Foreign Affairs|access-date=24 February 2025 |language=en-UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221110084718/https://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/representations-and-travel-advice/great-britain/switzerland-great-britain.html|archive-date=10 November 2022|url-status=live}}{{Better source needed|reason=The source only states the year when Switzerland and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagCuba}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|20 May 1902}}

|{{Cite web|author=Cuba News Agency|date=21 May 2022 |title=Cuba and UK mark 120 years of diplomatic relations |url=http://www.cubanews.acn.cu/world/17539-cuba-and-uk-mark-120-years-of-diplomatic-relations|website=Cuba News Agency|access-date=3 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521171118/http://www.cubanews.acn.cu/world/17539-cuba-and-uk-mark-120-years-of-diplomatic-relations|archive-date=21 May 2022|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagNorway}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 November 1905}}

|{{cite web|author=Government.no|date=27 April 1999 |title=Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater |url=https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf |access-date=14 December 2024|website=regjeringen.no |language=no|page=24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207025525/https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf|archive-date=7 December 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagPanama}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1908|4|9|format=dmy}}

|{{cite web |title=RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS DE LA REPÚBLICA DE PANAMÁ |url=http://www.mire.gob.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/Trasnsparencia/gestion-anual-2011-2012.pdf|work=Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Panama|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806131148/https://mire.gob.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/Trasnsparencia/gestion-anual-2011-2012.pdf |archive-date=6 August 2020 |access-date=30 November 2021|language=es|page=195}}

{{#invoke:flagAustralia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|22 January 1910}}

|{{Cite news |date=19 February 2010 |title=Queen celebrates Australia-UK landmark |url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/queen-celebrates-australiauk-landmark-20100219-oju5.html |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250308105305/https://www.smh.com.au/world/queen-celebrates-australiauk-landmark-20100219-oju5.html |archive-date=8 March 2025 |access-date=8 March 2025 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald}}{{Cite journal |year=2010 |title=The High Commissioners |url=https://www.dfat.gov.au/sites/default/files/high-commissioners.pdf |journal=Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade |pages=239}}

{{#invoke:flagEgypt}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|19 December 1914}}

|{{Cite web |title=Countries E |url=http://rulers.org/rule.html#egypt |access-date=13 July 2023}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Egypt and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagFinland}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|28 March 1918}}

|{{cite web |title=United Kingdom of Great Britain|url=http://formin.finland.fi/public/default.aspx?nodeid=17219&culture=en-US|work=Ministry for Foreign Affairs for Finland|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010005014/http://formin.finland.fi/public/default.aspx?nodeid=17219&culture=en-US&contentlan=2|archive-date=10 October 2017|access-date=3 March 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagCzechia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|26 October 1918}}

|{{Cite book |last=Kárník |first=Zdeněk |title=České země v éře První republiky, 1918-1938|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QgQQAQAAMAAJ|year=2000 |volume=3 |pages=665|publisher=Indiana University|isbn=9788072771950|language=Czech|quote=Velká Británie diplomatické styky navázány 26. 10. 1918...}}

{{#invoke:flagPoland}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|15 July 1919}}

|{{Cite web |title=The United Kingdom|url=https://www.gov.pl/web/unitedkingdom/bilateral-relations|website=gov.pl|access-date=18 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417231146/https://www.gov.pl/web/unitedkingdom/bilateral-relations|archive-date=17 April 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagAustria}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|8 November 1919}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OOVSAAAAYAAJ |title=Deutsches Volksblatt, Volume 31, Issues 11072-11099 |year=1919 |pages=2 |language=de}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Austria and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagHungary}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|22 May 1921}}

|{{Cite news|author=Magyar Nemzet|date=13 September 2021 |title=Facebook-videóval tisztelegnek a brit–magyar kapcsolatok előtt|work=Magyar Nemzet|language=hu |url=https://magyarnemzet.hu/kulfold/2021/09/facebook-videoval-tisztelegnek-a-brit-magyar-kapcsolatok-elott |access-date=15 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930150054/https://magyarnemzet.hu/kulfold/2021/09/facebook-videoval-tisztelegnek-a-brit-magyar-kapcsolatok-elott|archive-date=30 September 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagAlbania}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 November 1921}}

|{{Cite web |title=Relations between Albania and United Kingdom |url=https://punetejashtme.gov.al/en/marredheniet-dypaleshe/marredheniet-shqiperi-mbreteri-e-bashkuar/|website=Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs|access-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518204049/https://punetejashtme.gov.al/en/marredheniet-dypaleshe/marredheniet-shqiperi-mbreteri-e-bashkuar/|archive-date=18 May 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagAfghanistan|2013}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|22 November 1921}}

|{{Cite x|author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Afghanistan|user=mfa_afghanistan|number=933277924706406400|date=22 November 2017|title=Today marks 96th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Afghanistan and United Kingdom|url=https://twitter.com/mfa_afghanistan/status/933277924706406400?s=20|access-date=30 January 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagIreland}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 December 1922}}

|{{Cite news |date=12 October 2019|first=Mary|last=Muldowney|title=Tim Healy first Governor General of Ireland |url=https://www.dublincity.ie/library/blog/tim-healy-first-governor-general-ireland|website=Dublin City Council|access-date=31 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123144550/https://www.dublincity.ie/library/blog/tim-healy-first-governor-general-ireland|archive-date=23 January 2024|url-status=live}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Ireland and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagTurkey}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|2 September 1924}}

|{{cite web|title=Embassy|url=https://london-emb.mfa.gov.tr/Mission/About|website=Republic of Türkiye {{!}} Turkish Embassy in London|access-date=15 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216215725/https://london-emb.mfa.gov.tr/Mission/About|archive-date=16 February 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagCanada}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 July 1926}}

|{{Cite web |last=Linwood |first=DeLong |date=January 2020 |title=A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019 |url=https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019 |access-date=26 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607090946/https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019|archive-date=7 June 2020|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagSaudi Arabia}}

|{{dts|20 May 1927}}

|{{Cite web |date=October 2004 |title=THE FOREIGN POLICY OF KING ABDULAZIZ (1927- 1953) |url=https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/529/1/uk_bl_ethos_412035.pdf |access-date=1 June 2025 |website=University of Leeds Department of Arabic and Middle Eastern Studies |page=39}}{{Cite web |date=8 January 2021 |title=Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned as King of Hejaz |url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=237898317938698&id=105756457819552&set=a.105760351152496 |access-date=1 June 2025 |website=Imperial Muslims on Facebook}}

{{#invoke:flagSouth Africa}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|10 March 1931}}

|{{London Gazette

| issue = 33699

| date = 17 March 1931

| page = 1802

}}

{{#invoke:flagIraq}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|4 October 1932}}

|{{Cite book |last=Epstein |first=M. |editor-first1=Mortimer |editor-last1=Epstein |title=The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1932 |url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9780230270619 |publisher=Springer |year=2016 |pages=1020 |doi=10.1057/9780230270619 |doi-broken-date=1 July 2025 |isbn=978-0-230-27061-9}}

{{#invoke:flagNew Zealand}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|March 1939}}

|{{Cite book |author=Great Britain. Office of Commonwealth Relations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jOqLi_6ER8IC |title=The Commonwealth Relations Office Year Book |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |year=1964 |volume=13 |pages=16}}

{{#invoke:flagIceland}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|8 May 1940}}

|{{Cite web |title=Establishment of Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.government.is/ministries/ministry-for-foreign-affairs/protocol/establishment-of-diplomatic-relations/ |access-date=7 June 2024|website=Government of Iceland|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226010259/https://www.government.is/ministries/ministry-for-foreign-affairs/protocol/establishment-of-diplomatic-relations/|archive-date=26 February 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagLebanon}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 February 1942}}

|{{Cite web |title=THE LONDON GAZETTE, 16 JUNE, 1942 |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/35598/page/2652/data.pdf |access-date=13 July 2023 |page=2652}}

{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Syrian revolution.svg}} Syria

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 February 1942}}

|

{{#invoke:flagJordan}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|17 June 1946}}

|{{Cite book|title=The Diplomatic Service List|author=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office.|publisher=H.M. Stationery Office|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s8ofAAAAMAAJ|year=1970 |pages=136–149}}

{{#invoke:flagPhilippines}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|4 July 1946}}

|{{cite web |title=Philippine-British Bilateral Relations|url=https://londonpe.dfa.gov.ph/bilateral-relations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231016130624/https://londonpe.dfa.gov.ph/web/20231016130624/https://londonpe.dfa.gov.ph/bilateral-relations|archive-date=16 October 2023|access-date=9 April 2024|website=Embassy of the Philippines, London|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagSri Lanka}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|22 October 1946}}

|{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic relations |url=https://mfa.gov.lk/dpl-relations/ |access-date=10 July 2022|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Sri Lanka|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225113254/https://mfa.gov.lk/dpl-relations/|archive-date=25 February 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagMyanmar}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|7 July 1947}}

|{{cite web|title=Diplomatic Relations between Myanmar and Britain|url=https://mifer.gov.mm/en/bilateral/details/diplomatic-relations-between-myanmar-and-britain|website=Ministry of Investment and Foreign Economic Relations|access-date=20 June 2024|archive-date=14 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014192116/http://myanmarbsb.org/_site/diplomatic-relations/|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagIndia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|14 August 1947}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when India and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagPakistan}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|14 August 1947}}

|{{Cite book |title=Five Years of Pakistan, August 1947-August 1952 |publisher=Pakistan Publications |year=1952 |pages=222}}

{{#invoke:flagSouth Korea}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|18 January 1949}}

|{{Cite web|url=https://overseas.mofa.go.kr/gb-ko/wpge/m_8369/contents.do|title=공관약사주 영국 대한민국 대사관|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of South Korea|language=Korean|access-date=6 December 2019|archive-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206172952/http://overseas.mofa.go.kr/gb-ko/wpge/m_8369/contents.do|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagIndonesia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|19 December 1949}}

|{{cite web|author1=Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office|last2=Trevelyan|first2=Anne-Marie|author2-link=Anne-Marie Trevelyan|date=29 February 2024|title=UK to increase maritime security links in Southeast Asia, reopen diplomatic mission in Timor-Leste|website=GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-to-increase-maritime-security-links-in-southeast-asia-reopen-diplomatic-mission-in-timor-leste|access-date=31 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523233119/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-to-increase-maritime-security-links-in-southeast-asia-reopen-diplomatic-mission-in-timor-leste|archive-date=23 May 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagIsrael}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|28 April 1950}}

|{{Cite journal |last=Siemens |first=Daniel |year=2024 |title=Reparations and Oil in the Cold War: British Perspectives on the Luxembourg Agreement of 1952 |url=https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=293913/977C12B5-044E-4E5B-B792-672FDCAA0AB3.pdf&pub_id=293913 |journal=Journal of Contemporary History |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=377|doi=10.1177/00220094231209246|doi-access=free }}

{{#invoke:flagYemen}}

|{{dts|20 January 1951}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.120699/page/n1471/mode/2up |title=The Statesman's Year-book |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=1951 |volume=91 |pages=1508 |quote=A fresh agreement between the Yemen and the United Kingdom came into force on 20 Jan., 1951: the establishment of diplomatic relations...}}

{{#invoke:flagGermany}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|20 June 1951}}

|{{Cite web|title=Großbritannien / Vereinigtes Königreich: Steckbrief|website=Auswärtiges Amt|url=https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/grossbritannien-node/grossbritannien/206394|access-date=24 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530110558/https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/grossbritannien-node/grossbritannien/206394|archive-date=30 May 2023|language=German|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagLibya}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|24 December 1951}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Libya and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagCambodia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|5 May 1952}}

|{{Cite web|author=Kingdom of Cambodia|date=25 November 2019|title=List of member states of the United Nations (193) having diplomatic relations of Cambodia |url=https://www.mfaic.gov.kh/page/2021-02-10-LIST-OF-MEMBER-STATES-OF-THE-UNITED-NATIONS--193--HAVING-DIPLOMATIC-RELATIONS-WITH-CAMBOIDA|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs & International Cooperation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127014931/https://www.mfaic.gov.kh/page/2021-02-10-LIST-OF-MEMBER-STATES-OF-THE-UNITED-NATIONS--193--HAVING-DIPLOMATIC-RELATIONS-WITH-CAMBOIDA|archive-date=27 November 2021|access-date=2 October 2021|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagChina}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|17 June 1954}}

|{{cite web|date=10 April 2010|title=Overview on China-UK Relations|url=http://gb.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/ChinaUKRelations/introduction/201005/t20100510_3384299.htm|access-date=5 April 2024|website=Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405152351/http://gb.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/ChinaUKRelations/introduction/201005/t20100510_3384299.htm|archive-date=5 April 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagLaos}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|5 September 1955}}

|{{Cite web|author=British Embassy Vientiane|title=Competition to mark 60 years of UK-Laos diplomatic relations|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/competition-to-mark-60-years-of-uk-laos-diplomatic-relations|date=16 February 2015|website=GOV.UK|access-date=5 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723184811/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/competition-to-mark-60-years-of-uk-laos-diplomatic-relations|archive-date=23 July 2019|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagSudan}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|3 March 1956}}

|{{Cite book |title=Sudan Almanac |publisher=Republic of the Sudan |year=1957 |pages=27}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Sudan and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagTunisia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|19 June 1956}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Tunisia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMorocco}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|28 June 1956}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Morocco and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=June 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagGhana}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 March 1957}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Ghana and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMalaysia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|31 August 1957}}

|{{Cite web |title=Senarai tarikh penubuhan hubungan diplomatik Malaysia dan negara - negara luar |url=https://www.data.gov.my/data/dataset/30411e5d-8c25-47fb-940e-0d51149afe20/resource/fc684f56-c8bb-4f65-ab65-8eb5e68c9b5d/download/01-tarikh-penubuhan-hubungan-diplomatik-malaysia.xlsx|work=Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia|access-date=13 November 2021 |language=ms |archive-date=13 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113141021/https://www.data.gov.my/data/dataset/30411e5d-8c25-47fb-940e-0d51149afe20/resource/fc684f56-c8bb-4f65-ab65-8eb5e68c9b5d/download/01-tarikh-penubuhan-hubungan-diplomatik-malaysia.xlsx |url-status=dead}}

{{#invoke:flagGuinea}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|28 May 1959}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9ofAAAAMAAJ|title=The Foreign Office List and Diplomatic and Consular Year Book for ...|volume=137|author-link=Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office

|first=Great Britain.|last=Foreign Office|publisher=Harrison and Sons|year=1964 |pages=485}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Guinea and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagCameroon}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 February 1960}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Cameroon and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagTogo}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|27 April 1960}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Togo and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMadagascar}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|27 June 1960}}

|{{Cite web |title=An Anglo-Malagasy chronology |url=https://www.anglo-malagasysociety.co.uk/timeline.html |access-date=29 July 2023 |website=The Anglo-Malagasy Society}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Madagascar and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagDemocratic Republic of the Congo}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|7 July 1960}}

|{{Cite book |title=East Africa and Rhodesia - Volume 36 |publisher=Africana |year=1960 |pages=1070}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when DR Congo and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagSomalia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|7 July 1960}}

|{{cite web |title=Our Diplomatic Relations |url=http://www.mfa.somaligov.net/Diplomatic%20Relations.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724073959/http://www.mfa.somaligov.net/Diplomatic%20Relations.html |archive-date=24 July 2011 |access-date=3 February 2024 |work=Government of Somalia}}

{{#invoke:flagCyprus}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 October 1960}}

|{{Cite news|author=Parikiaki|date=1 October 2020 |title=Messages on the 60th anniversary of the Republic of Cyprus |url=https://www.parikiaki.com/2020/10/messages-on-the-60th-anniversary-of-the-republic-of-cyprus/|website=Parikiaki|access-date=16 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007040837/https://www.parikiaki.com/2020/10/messages-on-the-60th-anniversary-of-the-republic-of-cyprus/|archive-date=7 October 2020|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagSenegal}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|20 August 1960}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Senegal and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagNigeria}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 October 1960}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jOqLi_6ER8IC&dq=Anthony+Henry+Head+high+commissioner+for+Nigeria+1+October+1960&pg=PA507 |title=The Commonwealth Relations Office Year Book Volume 13 |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office|author=Great Britain. Office of Commonwealth Relations|year=1964 |pages=507}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Nigeria and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagBenin}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 October 1960}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Benin and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagBurkina Faso}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 October 1960}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Burkina Faso and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagNiger}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 October 1960}}

|{{Cite web |title=THE LONDON GAZETTE, 5th MAY 1961 |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/42346/page/3340/data.pdf|work=The London Gazette|date=5 May 1961|page=3340|access-date=9 March 2024|location=London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114161616/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/42346/page/3340/data.pdf|archive-date=14 January 2024|url-status=live}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Niger and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagIvory Coast}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|12 October 1960}}

|{{Cite web|last=Djeezou|first=Casimir|title=Coopération Côte d'Ivoire- Royaume-Uni : L'ambassadeur Amani Sara a présenté ses Lettres de Créances à Sa Majesté la Reine Elizabeth II |url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/212816/politique/cooperation-cote-divoire--royaume-uni-lambassadeur-amani-sara-a-presente-ses-lettres-de-creances-a-sa-majeste-la-reine-elizabeth-ii|date=5 September 2021|access-date=31 January 2024|website=FratMat|language=fr|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515200018/https://www.fratmat.info/article/212816/politique/cooperation-cote-divoire--royaume-uni-lambassadeur-amani-sara-a-presente-ses-lettres-de-creances-a-sa-majeste-la-reine-elizabeth-ii|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagMauritania}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|28 November 1960}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SivwAAAAMAAJ |title=The Diplomatic Service List Volume 5 |author=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office|publisher=Pennsylvania State University |year=1970 |pages=142}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Mauritania and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagChad}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 December 1960}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Chad and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagCentral African Republic}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 December 1960}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the Central African Republic and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagRepublic of the Congo}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 December 1960}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the Republic of the Congo and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagGabon}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 December 1960}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Gabon and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMali}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|22 March 1961}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Mali and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagSierra Leone}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|April 1961}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Sierra Leone and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagKuwait}}

|{{dts|22 September 1961}}

|{{Cite web |title=Keesing's Contemporary Archives October 7-14, 1961 |url=https://web.stanford.edu/group/tomzgroup/pmwiki/uploads/122-1961-K-m-PWJ.pdf |access-date=30 May 2025 |website=Stanford University}}

{{#invoke:flagBurundi}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 July 1962}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SivwAAAAMAAJ |title=The Diplomatic Service List Volume 5 |publisher=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office |year=1970 |pages=137 |access-date=27 February 2024}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Burundi and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagRwanda}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 July 1962}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Rwanda and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagJamaica}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|2 August 1962}}

|{{cite web|last=Hartman Reckord|first=Elaine|date=28 October 2022|title=Jamaica and UK Celebrate 60 Years of Diplomatic Relations|url=https://jis.gov.jm/jamaica-and-uk-celebrate-60-years-of-diplomatic-relations/|website=Jamaica Information Service|access-date=13 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028185124/https://jis.gov.jm/jamaica-and-uk-celebrate-60-years-of-diplomatic-relations/|archive-date=28 October 2022|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagTrinidad and Tobago}}

|{{dts|31 August 1962}}

|{{Cite web|author=Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs|date=12 July 2017 |title=His Excellency Orville London presents credentials to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II|url=https://foreign.gov.tt/documents/480/London_Mission_Vol_71_Sept_2017_-online.pdf|location=Port of Spain|website=Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs|access-date=6 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250121040046/https://foreign.gov.tt/resources/news/his-excellency-orville-london-presents-credentials-her-majesty-queen-elizabeth-ii/ |archive-date=21 January 2025 |url-status=dead }}

{{#invoke:flagUganda}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 October 1962}}

|{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=38cfAAAAMAAJ&dq=1962+(October+9)+David+Wathen+Strather+Hunt,&pg=PA131 |title=The Diplomatic Service List Volume 1 |author=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office|publisher=H.M. Stationery Office|year=1966 |pages=131}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Uganda and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagAlgeria}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|16 November 1962}}

|{{cite web|title=Algeria: 60th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relations|url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2022-11-16/debates/3C3594A1-0BE7-4BAF-BB7B-3965E2A05E13/Algeria60ThAnniversaryOfDiplomaticRelations|work=UK Parliament|date=16 November 2022|access-date=2 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320213745/https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2022-11-16/debates/3C3594A1-0BE7-4BAF-BB7B-3965E2A05E13/Algeria60ThAnniversaryOfDiplomaticRelations|archive-date=20 March 2023|url-status=live}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Algeria and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMongolia}}

|{{Date table sorting|23 January 1963}}

|{{cite web|author=British Embassy Ulaanbaatar|title=UK-Mongolia celebrating fifty years of diplomatic relations|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-mongolia-celebrating-fifty-years-of-diplomatic-relations|date=25 January 2019|access-date=5 April 2024|website=GOV.UK|archive-date=31 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190731123051/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-mongolia-celebrating-fifty-years-of-diplomatic-relations|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagKenya}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|12 December 1963}}

|{{Cite book |title=Africa Digest - Volume 11 |publisher=Africa Publications Trust |year=1963 |pages=45}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Kenya and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=December 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagTanzania}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|22 April 1964}}

|{{Cite x|user=StrategicFirst|number=1782226672185430277|date=22 April 2024|title=60th Anniversary of diplomatic relations between UK and Tanzania|url=https://twitter.com/StrategicFirst/status/1782226672185430277|access-date=29 May 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagMalawi}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 July 1964}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Malawi and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMalta}}

|{{dts|21 September 1964}}

|{{Cite web |title=Malta High Commission in the United Kingdom |url=https://missions.foreign.gov.mt/high-commissions/united-kingdom/ |access-date=23 May 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagZambia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|17 October 1964}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Zambia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagGambia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 January 1965}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the Gambia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMaldives}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|26 July 1965}}

|{{Cite web |date=11 May 2023 |title=Countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.gov.mv/en/files/dpl-full-country-list-as-of-11-may-2023--8993.pdf |access-date=7 July 2023 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Maldives |archive-date=29 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629032804/https://www.gov.mv/en/files/dpl-full-country-list-as-of-11-may-2023--8993.pdf |url-status=dead}}

{{#invoke:flagSingapore}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 August 1965}}

|{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic & consular list |url=https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Overseas-Missions/-/media/D74B3129AEFA44BB8FC411746F005489.ashx |access-date=11 July 2022 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore |page=224}}

{{#invoke:flagGuyana}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|26 May 1966}}

|{{cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations|url=https://www.londonhc.mission.gov.gy/diplomatic-relations|website=Guyana High Commission UK|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601230906/https://www.londonhc.mission.gov.gy/diplomatic-relations|archive-date=1 June 2024|access-date=2 June 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagBotswana}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|30 September 1966}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Botswana and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagBarbados}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|30 November 1966}}

|{{Cite web |url=http://foreign.gov.bb/documents/foreign-policy/22-countries-with-diplomaic-relations-with-barbados/file |title=List of Countries With Which Barbados Has Diplomatic Relations by Regions |work=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados|access-date=1 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813184054/https://www.foreign.gov.bb/documents/foreign-policy/22-countries-with-diplomaic-relations-with-barbados/file |archive-date=13 August 2017 |url-status=dead}}

{{#invoke:flagLesotho}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|4 October 1966}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Lesotho and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMauritius}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|12 March 1968}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Mauritius and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagEswatini}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 September 1968}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Eswatini and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagEquatorial Guinea}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|20 June 1969}}

|{{Cite web|title=Page 10482 {{!}} Issue 44957, 14 October 1969 {{!}} London Gazette {{!}} The Gazette|website=The London Gazette|access-date=12 April 2024|url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/44957/page/10482|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240110084233/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/44957/page/10482|archive-date=10 January 2024|url-status=live}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Equatorial Guinea and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagTonga}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|4 June 1970}}

|{{Cite web |title=The Kingdom of Tonga today |date=22 June 2021 |url=https://tonga-gov.pt/en/the-history-of-the-kingdom-of-tonga/ |access-date=18 January 2025 |quote=Tonga has been a member of the Commonwealth of Nations on 4 June 1970 the same date that the United Kingdom... established formal diplomatic relations...}}

{{#invoke:flagSamoa}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|September 1970|format=dmy}}

|{{cite web |title=Countries with Established Diplomatic Relations with Samoa |url=http://www.mfat.gov.ws/embassies/countries-with-established-diplomatic-relations-with-samoa/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214005624/https://www.mfat.gov.ws/embassies/countries-with-established-diplomatic-relations-with-samoa/ |archive-date=14 February 2020 |access-date=19 August 2018 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Samoa}}

{{#invoke:flagFiji}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|10 October 1970}}

|{{cite web|author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Fiji|date=6 June 2016|title=Formal Diplomatic Relations List |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.gov.fj/images/FDR_LIST_version_of_6_June_2016.pdf|work=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Fiji|access-date=5 August 2024|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827171052/http://www.foreignaffairs.gov.fj/images/FDR_LIST_version_of_6_June_2016.pdf |archive-date=27 August 2019}}

{{#invoke:flagOman}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|21 May 1971}}

|{{Cite book |first=Joseph A.|last=Kechichian|date=29 November 1995 |url=http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/monograph_reports/2007/MR680.pdf |access-date=12 March 2025|title=Oman and the World: The Emergence of an Independent Foreign Policy|pages=345|isbn=0-8330-2332-2|location=Santa Monica|publisher=RAND|language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250205124914/http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/monograph_reports/2007/MR680.pdf|archive-date=5 February 2025|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagBahrain}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|21 August 1971}}

|{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relations |url=https://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=73&language=en-US|website=Kingdom of Bahrain Ministry of Foreign Affairs|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505195337/https://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=73&language=en-US |archive-date=5 May 2012 |access-date=15 May 2023}}

{{#invoke:flagUnited Arab Emirates}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 December 1971}}

|{{Cite web |title=50 Years - The Formation of the United Arab Emirates|url=https://www.agda.ae/en/folder/50-years-formation-united-arab-emirates |access-date=17 June 2024|website=Arabian Gulf Digital Archives|archive-date=20 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120130154/https://www.agda.ae/en/folder/50-years-formation-united-arab-emirates|url-status=live}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagBangladesh}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|4 February 1972}}

|{{cite web|author=British High Commission Dhaka|title=50 years: A new era of Brit Bangla Bondhon|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/50-years-a-new-era-of-brit-bangla-bondhon|date=4 February 2022|access-date=27 February 2025|website=GOV.UK|archive-date=4 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204051609/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/50-years-a-new-era-of-brit-bangla-bondhon|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagQatar}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|24 May 1972}}

|{{cite web|url=https://mofa.gov.qa/en/statements/joint-communiqu%C3%A8-between-the-state-of-qatar-and-the-united-kingdom|title=Joint Communiquè between the State of Qatar and the United Kingdom|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Qatar|access-date=16 October 2024|archive-date=20 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220720174918/https://mofa.gov.qa/en/statements/joint-communiqu%C3%A8-between-the-state-of-qatar-and-the-united-kingdom|url-status=dead}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Qatar and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagBahamas}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|10 July 1973}}

|{{Cite web|last1=McNair-Wilson|first1=Michael|last2=Douglas-Home|first2=Alec|author1-link=Michael McNair-Wilson|author2-link=Alec Douglas-Home|title=Bahamas|date=21 December 1972|url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/1972-12-21/debates/1012e86a-94d0-4117-a851-dcbaf48f6547/Bahamas|access-date=25 January 2025|website=UK Parliament|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250125224747/https://hansard.parliament.uk/web/20250125224747/https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/1972-12-21/debates/1012e86a-94d0-4117-a851-dcbaf48f6547/Bahamas|archive-date=25 January 2025|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagVietnam}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|11 September 1973}}

|{{Cite web|author=Lamdong Foreign Affairs Department|title=Europe|date=14 July 2014|url=https://lamdong.gov.vn/sites/lderd/operationnotes/countriesandregions/SitePages/europe.aspx|access-date=29 April 2023|work=Lamdong Foreign Affairs Department|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127042907/https://lamdong.gov.vn/sites/lderd/operationnotes/countriesandregions/SitePages/europe.aspx|archive-date=27 November 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagGrenada}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|7 February 1974}}

|{{Cite book |author=Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MArwAAAAMAAJ |title=The Diplomatic Service List |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |year=1985 |isbn=9780115916571 |pages=83–99}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Grenada and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagGuinea-Bissau}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|12 March 1975}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Guinea-Bissau and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMozambique}}

|{{DTS|27 August 1975}}

|{{Cite web|author=Mozambique Maputo|title=Mozambique establishes diplomatic relations with UK |url=https://www.wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/1975LOUREN00938_b.html|website=WikiLeaks|date=28 August 1975 |access-date=6 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525151228/https://www.wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/1975LOUREN00938_b.html|archive-date=25 May 2025|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagPapua New Guinea}}

|{{Date table sorting|16 September 1975}}

|{{Cite web|title=PNG & UK Bilateral relations|url=https://www.pnghighcomm.org.uk/about/png-uk-bilateral-relations/index.html|website=Papua New Guinea High Commission London|access-date=15 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250701005509/https://www.pnghighcomm.org.uk/about/png-uk-bilateral-relations/index.html|archive-date=1 July 2025|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagSuriname}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|31 March 1976|format=dmy}}

|{{Cite web |title=Lijst van Diplomatieke Betrekkingen en Visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten |url=http://www.gov.sr/media/12102008/lijst-van-diplomatieke-betrekkingen-en-visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416134520/http://www.gov.sr/media/12102008/lijst-van-diplomatieke-betrekkingen-en-visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten.pdf |archive-date=16 April 2019 |access-date=22 December 2021 |website=gov.sr |language=nl}}

{{#invoke:flagSeychelles}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|29 June 1976}}

|{{Cite news |date=1 November 2023 |title=The new British High Commissioner to Seychelles accredited |url=https://www.statehouse.gov.sc/news/5983/the-new-british-high-commissioner-to-seychelles-accredited |access-date=18 January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagCape Verde}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|17 May 1977}}

|{{Cite book |last1=Muzart-Fonseca dos Santos |first1=Idelette |title=Les îles du Cap-Vert: langues, mémoires, histoire |last2=Manuel Da Costa Esteves |first2=José |last3=Rolland |first3=Denis |publisher=L'Harmattan |year=2007 |pages=239–240 |language=fr}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Cape Verde and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagComoros}}

|{{Date table sorting|3 October 1977}}

|{{Cite book |title=Revue française d'études politiques africaines Issues 138-144 |publisher=Société africaine d'édition |year=1977 |pages=10 |language=fr}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Comoros and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagAngola}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|14 October 1977}}

|{{Cite web|author1=Angola|author2=United Kingdom|title=Diplomatic relations between Angola and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland as of 14 Oct. 1977|website=United Nations Digital Library| date=14 October 1977 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1485923?ln=en |access-date=2 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401231007/https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1485923?ln=en&v=pdf|archive-date=1 April 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagNauru}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 December 1977}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Nauru and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagDjibouti}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|25 January 1978}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Djibouti and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagSolomon Islands}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|7 July 1978}}

|{{cite web|author=Web Admin|title=UK Foreign Secretary to visit Solomon Islands this week.|url=http://www.mfaet.gov.sb/media-center/press-releases/foreign-affairs-news/471-uk-foreign-secretary-to-visit-solomon-islands-this-week.html|date=17 April 2023|website=Solomon Islands Government Ministry of Foreign Affairs and External Trade|access-date=25 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528042112/http://www.mfaet.gov.sb/media-center/press-releases/foreign-affairs-news/471-uk-foreign-secretary-to-visit-solomon-islands-this-week.html|archive-date=28 May 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagTuvalu}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 October 1978}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Tuvalu and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagDominica}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|13 December 1978}}

|{{Cite book |last=Paxton |first=John |editor-first1=John |editor-last1=Paxton |title=The Stateman's Yearbook 1985–1986 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan London|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9780230271142|orig-year=1985|year=2016|pages=419|doi=10.1057/9780230271142 |doi-broken-date=1 July 2025 |isbn=978-0-230-27114-2}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Dominica and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagSaint Lucia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|22 February 1979}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Saint Lucia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagKiribati}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|12 July 1979}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Kiribati and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagSaint Vincent and the Grenadines}}

|{{Date table sorting|27 October 1979}}

|{{cite web |title=Welcome|url=https://www.svgconsulate.vc/|url-status=live |website=Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Consulate General {{!}} Belfast, Northern Ireland|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240723032354/https://www.svgconsulate.vc/|archive-date=23 July 2024|access-date=18 August 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagSão Tomé and Príncipe}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|3 December 1979}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when São Tomé and Príncipe and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagZimbabwe}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|18 April 1980}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Zimbabwe and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagVanuatu}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|30 July 1980}}

|{{Cite web |title=Vanuatu Diplomatic Relations |url=https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240925183844/https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf |archive-date=25 September 2024 |access-date=27 October 2024 |website=mfaicet.gov.vu |pages=49}}

{{#invoke:flagBelize}}

|{{Date table sorting|21 September 1981}}

|{{Cite web|author=Government of Belize|title=Diplomatic Relations |url=http://www.mfa.gov.bz/images/documents/DIPLOMATIC%20RELATIONS.pdf|work=The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230194831/http://www.mfa.gov.bz/images/documents/DIPLOMATIC%20RELATIONS.pdf |archive-date=30 December 2017 |access-date=19 February 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagAntigua and Barbuda}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 November 1981}}

|{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Antigua and Barbuda and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagHoly See}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|16 January 1982}}

|{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic relations of the Holy See |website=The Permanent Observer Mission of the Holy See to the United Nations|url=https://holyseemission.org/contents/mission/diplomatic-relations-of-the-holy-see.php |access-date=12 October 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagSaint Kitts and Nevis}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|19 September 1983}}

|{{cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.foreign.gov.kn/2906-2/ |access-date=23 September 2024|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Saint Kitts and Nevis|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918094322/https://www.foreign.gov.kn/2906-2/|archive-date=18 September 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagBrunei}}

|{{Date table sorting|1 January 1984}}

|{{Cite news|author=Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam|date=3 July 2024 |title=Minister at the Prime Minister's Office and Minister of Defence II receives farewell call from the British High Commissioner to Brunei Darussalam |url=https://www.mindef.gov.bn/Lists/News/print.aspx?ID=6241|website=Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam|location=Prime Minister's Office Brunei|access-date=27 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250526231410/https://www.mindef.gov.bn/Lists/News/print.aspx?ID=6241|archive-date=26 May 2025|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagNamibia}}

|{{Date table sorting|21 March 1990}}

|{{cite web |last=Mushelenga |first=Samuel Abraham Peyavali |date=2008 |title=Foreign policy-making in Namibia : the dynamics of the smallness of a state |url=https://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/2703/dissertation_mushelenga_%20s.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y |pages=254–259 |access-date=18 July 2023 |archive-date=13 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113033214/https://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/2703/dissertation_mushelenga_%20s.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=4 |url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagLithuania}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|4 September 1991}}

|{{cite web|author=Embassy of the Republic of Lithuania to the United Kingdom|title=With United Kingdom|url=https://jp.mfa.lt/default/en/list-of-countries-with-which-lithuania-has-established-diplomatic-relations|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241219221243/https://uk.mfa.lt/web/20241219221243/https://uk.mfa.lt/en/welcome-to-lithuania/political-relations/with-united-kingdom/170|date=10 August 2017|archive-date=19 December 2024|access-date=19 December 2024|website=Embassy of the Republic of Lithuania to the United Kingdom|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagEstonia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|5 September 1991}}

|{{Cite web|title=Bilateral relations|url=https://london.mfa.ee/bilateral-relations/|access-date=6 April 2024|website=Embassy of Estonia London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929135310/https://london.mfa.ee/bilateral-relations/|archive-date=29 September 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagLatvia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|5 September 1991}}

|{{Cite web|author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Latvia|date=1 July 2021 |title=Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations |url=https://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/dates-establishment-and-renewal-diplomatic-relations?utm_source=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F|access-date=8 June 2024|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618140637/https://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/dates-establishment-and-renewal-diplomatic-relations?utm_source=https://en.wikipedia.org/|archive-date=18 June 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagUkraine}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|10 January 1992}}

|{{cite web |title=Political issues between Ukraine and Great Britain|url=https://uk.mfa.gov.ua/en/partnership/881-ukrajina-velika-britanija/592-political-issues-between-ukraine-and-great-britain|date=26 August 2012|website=Embassy of Ukraine to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|access-date=5 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201063116/https://uk.mfa.gov.ua/en/partnership/881-ukrajina-velika-britanija/592-political-issues-between-ukraine-and-great-britain|archive-date=1 December 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagSlovenia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|15 January 1992}}

|{{Cite web |last=Đogić |first=Mojca Pristavec |date=31 May 2016 |title=Priznanja samostojne Slovenije |url=https://fotogalerija.dz-rs.si/datoteke/Publikacije/Zborniki_RN/2016/Priznanja_samostojne_Slovenije_.pdf |access-date=10 November 2024|work=Republike Slovenije Državni zbor|language=sl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240926103227/https://fotogalerija.dz-rs.si/datoteke/Publikacije/Zborniki_RN/2016/Priznanja_samostojne_Slovenije_.pdf|archive-date=26 September 2024|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagTajikistan}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|15 January 1992}}

|{{Cite web|author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan|date=12 December 2022|title=List of states with which the Republic of Tajikistan established diplomatic relations |url=https://mfa.tj/uploads/main/2022/12/12-12-2022-11-21.pdf|work=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan|access-date=23 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250516094933/https://mfa.tj/uploads/main/2022/12/12-12-2022-11-21.pdf|archive-date=16 May 2025|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagMoldova}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|17 January 1992}}

|{{Cite web|title=Political and Diplomatic relations|url=https://regatulunit.mfa.gov.md/en/content/political-and-diplomatic-relations|access-date=15 June 2024|website=Embassy of the Republic of Moldova to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|archive-date=1 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801014840/https://regatulunit.mfa.gov.md/en/content/political-and-diplomatic-relations|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagKazakhstan}}

|{{Date table sorting|19 January 1992}}

|{{Cite web|author=Government of Kazakhstan|date=10 December 2013|title=Страны, установившие дипломатические отношения с Республикой Казахстан |url=http://mfa.kz/ru/content-view/spisok-stran-ustanovivshikh-diplomaticheskie-otnosheniya-s-rk|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220233503/http://mfa.kz/ru/content-view/spisok-stran-ustanovivshikh-diplomaticheskie-otnosheniya-s-rk |archive-date=20 February 2020 |access-date=30 April 2022 |language=ru}}

{{#invoke:flagArmenia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|20 January 1992}}

|{{Cite web |title=United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |url=https://www.mfa.am/en/bilateral-relations/gb|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia|access-date=12 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225194131/https://www.mfa.am/en/bilateral-relations/gb|archive-date=25 February 2021|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagTurkmenistan}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|23 January 1992}}

|{{Cite web|author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan|title=States With Which Turkmenistan Established Diplomatic Relations|url=https://www.mfa.gov.tm/en/articles/55?breadcrumbs=no|date=25 January 2017|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508101911/https://www.mfa.gov.tm/en/articles/55?breadcrumbs=no |archive-date=8 May 2019 |access-date=13 February 2024}}

{{#invoke:flagBelarus}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|27 January 1992}}

|{{Cite web |title=Political Dialogue |url=https://uk.mfa.gov.by/en/bilateral_relations/political/|website=Embassy of Belarus in the United Kingdom|access-date=10 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114101720/https://uk.mfa.gov.by/en/bilateral_relations/political/|archive-date=14 January 2025|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagMarshall Islands}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|2 February 1992}}

|{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations|url=https://www.register-iri.com/info-center/the-marshall-islands/diplomatic-relations/|website=International Registries|access-date=30 January 2024|archive-date=6 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206150004/https://www.register-iri.com/info-center/the-marshall-islands/diplomatic-relations/|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagLiechtenstein}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|6 February 1992}}

|{{Cite news |date=7 February 1992 |title=Neu akkreditierte FL-Botschafter |url=https://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/viewer/image/000476564_1992/434/-/ |access-date=11 December 2024 |page=2 |language=de}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Liechtenstein and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagUzbekistan}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|18 February 1992}}

|{{Cite web|last=Rustamov|first=Said|date=19 February 2022|title=Tie have never been closer|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/ties-never-closer/|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=31 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719154253/https://mfa.uz/en/pages/strani-kotoriye-uzbekistan-ustanovil-diplomaticheskiye-otnosheniya|archive-date=19 July 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagAzerbaijan}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|11 March 1992}}

|{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://london.mfa.gov.az/en/content/3/bilateral-relations|website=Embassy of The Republic of Azerbaijan to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|access-date=5 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926120618/https://london.mfa.gov.az/en/content/3/bilateral-relations|archive-date=26 September 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagBosnia and Herzegovina}}

|{{Date table sorting|13 April 1992}}

|{{Cite web|author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina|date=30 March 2020|title=Datumi priznanja i uspostave diplomatskih odnosa |url=https://mvp.gov.ba/vanjska_politika_bih/bilateralni_odnosi/datumi_priznanja_i_uspostave_diplomatskih_odnosa/?id=6 |access-date=23 April 2025|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina|language=bs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250301042308/https://www.mvp.gov.ba/vanjska_politika_bih/bilateralni_odnosi/datumi_priznanja_i_uspostave_diplomatskih_odnosa/?id=6|archive-date=1 March 2025|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagGeorgia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|27 April 1992}}

|{{cite web|title=Relations between Georgia and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|url=http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=287&lang_id=ENG|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia|access-date=26 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108064509/http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=287&lang_id=ENG|archive-date=8 November 2011|url-status=dead}}

{{#invoke:flagKyrgyzstan}}

|{{Date table sorting|12 June 1992}}

|{{Cite web |title=Working with Kyrgyzstan|url=http://ukinkz.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/working-with-kg/|website=UK in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan|access-date=7 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211031055/http://ukinkz.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/working-with-kg/|archive-date=11 February 2013|url-status=dead}}

{{#invoke:flagCroatia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|24 June 1992}}

|{{cite web |title=Bilateral relations - Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations |url=https://mvep.gov.hr/foreign-policy/bilateral-relations/date-of-recognition-and-establishment-od-diplomatic-relations/22800 |access-date=10 January 2024|website=Republic of Croatia Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125180816/https://mvep.gov.hr/foreign-policy/bilateral-relations/date-of-recognition-and-establishment-od-diplomatic-relations/22800|archive-date=25 January 2022|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagFederated States of Micronesia}}

|{{Date table sorting|31 August 1992}}

|{{cite web |title=FSM Diplomatic Relations List |url=http://www.fsmgov.org/diprel.html |access-date=13 November 2022 |publisher=Government of the Federated States of Micronesia}}

{{#invoke:flagSlovakia}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|1 January 1993}}

|{{Cite web |title=Spojené kráľovstvo|url=https://www.mzv.sk/web/sk/spojene_kralovstvo|website=Ministerstvo zahraničných vecí a európskych záležitostí|access-date=30 April 2024|language=sk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603191145/https://www.mzv.sk/web/sk/spojene_kralovstvo|archive-date=3 June 2023|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagEritrea}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|16 November 1993}}

|{{Cite book |title=Eritrea Update, August 1993-2 |publisher=Provisional Government of Eritrea (EPLF), Mission to the USA and Canada}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Eritrea and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagNorth Macedonia}}

|{{Date table sorting|16 December 1993}}

|{{Cite web|title=Bilateral relations |url=http://www.mfa.gov.mk/default1.aspx?ItemID=310 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930040551/http://www.mfa.gov.mk/default1.aspx?ItemID=310 |archive-date=30 September 2011 |access-date=3 April 2021 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of North Macedonia}}

{{#invoke:flagAndorra}}

|{{Date table sorting|9 March 1994}}

|{{cite web |title=Diplomatic relations |url=https://www.exteriors.ad/en/101-continguts-angles/diplomatic-representations/diplomatic-relations |access-date=3 July 2021 |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Andorra}}

{{#invoke:flagPalau}}

|{{Date table sorting|16 August 1996}}

|{{cite web |title=Countries with which Palau has Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/migrated/oia/islands/upload/PalauDipRelations.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317135821/https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/migrated/oia/islands/upload/PalauDipRelations.pdf |archive-date=17 March 2016 |access-date=4 April 2022 |publisher=U.S. Department of the Interior}}

{{#invoke:flagSan Marino}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|18 November 1998}}

|{{Cite web |title=Rapporti bilaterali della Repubblica di San Marino |url=https://www.esteri.sm/pub2/EsteriSM/Relazioni-Internazionali/Rapporti-Bilaterali.html |access-date=15 December 2021 |language=it}}

{{#invoke:flagNorth Korea}}

|{{Date table sorting|12 December 2000}}

|{{Cite web |title=North Korea |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200001/cmhansrd/vo010226/text/10226w37.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060323134651/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200001/cmhansrd/vo010226/text/10226w37.htm |archive-date=23 March 2006 |access-date=21 March 2024 |work=UK Parliament}}

{{#invoke:flagEast Timor}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|2002}}

|{{Cite web|title=Europe|url=https://mnec.gov.tl/node/29|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Timor-Leste|access-date=31 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250522035820/https://mnec.gov.tl/node/29|archive-date=22 May 2025|url-status=live}}{{Better source needed|reason=The source only states the year when East Timor and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=May 2025}}

{{#invoke:flagMontenegro}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|2006|6|13|format=dmy}}

|{{cite web |title=United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|url=https://www.gov.me/en/diplomatic-missions/embassies-and-consulates-of-montenegro/united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-northern-ireland|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409143013/https://www.gov.me/en/diplomatic-missions/embassies-and-consulates-of-montenegro/united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-northern-ireland|archive-date=9 April 2023|access-date=22 March 2024|work=Government of Montenegro|url-status=live}}

{{#invoke:flagMonaco}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|21 September 2007}}

|{{cite web|author=Principaute de Monaco|title=Rapport de Politique Extérieure 2007|date=2007|url=https://www.gouv.mc/Action-Gouvernementale/Monaco-a-l-International/Publications/Rapports-de-Politique-Exterieure|work=Département des Relations Extérieures|accessdate=11 October 2020 |page=44 |language=fr}}

{{#invoke:flagKosovo}}

|{{Date table sorting|18 February 2008}}

|{{cite book |author1=Gëzim Visoka |title=Acting Like a State: Kosovo and the Everyday Making of Statehood |date=2018 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781138285330 |location=Abingdon |pages=219–221}}

{{#invoke:flagSouth Sudan}}

|{{#invoke:dts|main|9 July 2011}}

|{{Cite web|author=Foreign & Commonwealth Office|title=Appointment of Her Majesty's Ambassador to the Republic of South Sudan |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/appointment-of-her-majestys-ambassador-to-the-republic-of-south-sudan|date=9 July 2011|access-date=20 June 2023 |website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102201915/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/appointment-of-her-majestys-ambassador-to-the-republic-of-south-sudan|archive-date=2 January 2014|url-status=live}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when South Sudan and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

Bilateral relations

= Africa =

class="wikitable sortable"

! Country

! Since

!class=unsortable|Notes

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|{{#invoke:flag

Algeria}}{{Date table sorting|1962}}See Algeria–United Kingdom relations

File:David Cameron is met by PM Sellal of Algeria (8431378795).jpg with Algerian Prime Minister Abdelmalek Sellal in Algeria, January 2013.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Algeria on 16 November 1962.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Algeria and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=June 2025}}

  • Algeria maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=2 November 2016|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/algeria/|title=Algeria|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=10 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004149/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/algeria/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Algeria through its embassy in Algiers.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-algiers|title=British Embassy Algiers|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609111404/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-algiers|archive-date=9 June 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Tax Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/algeria-tax-treaties|date=22 August 2007|title=Algeria: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171713/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/algeria-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership.{{cite web|author=Embassy of Algeria in London|url=https://embassyofalgeria.uk/uncategorized/historic-background/|title=Current Relations|date=19 May 2020|website=Embassy of Algeria in London|access-date=10 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250418193315/https://embassyofalgeria.uk/uncategorized/historic-background/|archive-date=18 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Angola}}{{Date table sorting|1977}}See Foreign relations of Angola

The UK established diplomatic relations with Angola on 14 October 1977.

  • Angola maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Angola through its embassy in Luanda.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-luanda|title=British Embassy Luanda|work=GOV.UK|access-date=2 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401160656/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-luanda|archive-date=1 April 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a High Level Prosperity Partnership.{{cite web|author=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/high-level-prosperity-partnerships-in-africa/high-level-prosperity-partnerships-in-africa|title=High Level Prosperity Partnerships in Africa|date=19 November 2013|website=GOV.UK|access-date=29 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528234147/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/high-level-prosperity-partnerships-in-africa/high-level-prosperity-partnerships-in-africa|archive-date=28 May 2024|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Benin}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of Benin

The UK established diplomatic relations with Benin on 6 October 1960, then known as Dahomey.

  • Benin does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Benin through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Accra, Ghana.{{cite web|title=UK help and services in Benin|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/benin|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509231915/https://www.gov.uk/world/benin|archive-date=9 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,{{Cite x|name=U.S. Department of State | Science Diplomacy USA|user=SciDiplomacyUSA|number=1735750399330500674|date=15 December 2023|title=The Partnership for Atlantic Cooperation welcomes Benin as its newest member! The United States looks forward to working with Benin to create a strong, cooperative community around the Atlantic.|url=https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1735750399330500674|access-date=12 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240412134948/https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1735750399330500674|archive-date=12 April 2024|url-status=live}} the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/576/benin---united-kingdom-bit-1987-|title=Benin - United Kingdom BIT (1987)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=16 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227110418/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/576/benin---united-kingdom-bit-1987-|archive-date=27 February 2024|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Botswana}}{{Date table sorting|1966}}See Botswana–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary visits Botswana (6886371565).jpg William Hague in Botswana, February 2012.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Botswana on 30 September 1966.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Botswana and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=May 2025}}

  • Botswana maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=4 September 2017|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/|title=Botswana|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=26 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513003921/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Botswana through its high commission in Gaborone.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone|title=British High Commission Gaborone|website=GOV.UK|access-date=7 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171421/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone|archive-date=6 May 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Botswana from 1885 to 1966, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the SACUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.{{cite news|last=Bavier|first=Joe|date=11 September 2019|title=Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5|website=Reuters|access-date=17 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218025328/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5/|archive-date=18 February 2022|url-status=live}} Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Tax Convention.{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties|date=3 February 2014|title=Botswana: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=26 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171729/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Burkina Faso}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of Burkina Faso

File:Deputy Prime Minister with President Compaoré (5363954439).jpg with Burkinabè President Blaise Compaoré in London, January 2011.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Burkina Faso on 6 October 1960, then known as Upper Volta.

  • Burkina Faso does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Burkina Faso through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Accra, Ghana.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/burkina-faso|title=UK help and services in Burkina Faso|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221008105557/https://www.gov.uk/world/burkina-faso|archive-date=8 October 2022|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Burundi}}{{Date table sorting|1962}}See Foreign relations of Burundi

The UK established diplomatic relations with Burundi on 1 July 1962.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Burundi and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=March 2025}}

  • Burundi maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/burundi/|title=Burundi|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=20 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429153053/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/burundi/|archive-date=29 April 2017|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Burundi through its embassy office in Bujumbura.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-office-bujumbura|title=British Embassy Office Bujumbura|website=GOV.UK|access-date=20 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250121035433/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-office-bujumbura|archive-date=21 January 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/742/burundi---united-kingdom-bit-1990-|title=Burundi - United Kingdom BIT (1990)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=20 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501194949/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/742/burundi---united-kingdom-bit-1990-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Cameroon}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Cameroon–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Cameroon on 1 February 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Cameroon and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=May 2025}}

  • Cameroon maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/cameroon/|date=1 September 2015|title=Cameroon|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=20 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004228/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/cameroon/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Cameroon through its high commission in Yaoundé.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-yaounde|title=British High Commission Yaounde|website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202034445/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-yaounde|archive-date=2 December 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed western Cameroon from 1916 to 1961, when it joined the Federal Republic of Cameroon.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Economic Partnership Agreement.{{cite web|last=Jayawardena|first=Ranil|title=United Kingdom and Cameroon secure Economic Partnership Agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/united-kingdom-and-cameroon-secure-economic-partnership-agreement |website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 December 2020|date=30 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230103448/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/united-kingdom-and-cameroon-secure-economic-partnership-agreement|archive-date=30 December 2020|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Central African Republic}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of the Central African Republic

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Central African Republic on 9 December 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the Central African Republic and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • The Central African Republic does not maintain an embassy in the UK.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Central African Republic through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Kinshasa, DR Congo.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/central-african-republic|title=UK help and services in Central African Republic|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929094116/https://www.gov.uk/world/central-african-republic|archive-date=29 September 2023|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Chad}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of Chad

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy meets Sudanese refugees in Chad in the border town of Adre on 24 January 2025 - 3.jpg

The UK established diplomatic relations with Chad on 9 December 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Chad and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=March 2025}}

  • Chad does not maintain an embassy in the UK.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Chad through its embassy in N'Djamena.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ndjamena|title=British Embassy N'Djamena|website=GOV.UK|access-date=13 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240305233711/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ndjamena|archive-date=5 March 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.{{cite web|author-link=Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office |author=((Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office)) |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/country-and-regional-development-partnership-summaries|title=Country and regional development partnership summaries|website=GOV.UK|date=17 July 2023 |access-date=27 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526234739/https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/country-and-regional-development-partnership-summaries|archive-date=26 May 2024|url-status=live}}

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Democratic Republic of the Congo}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Democratic Republic of the Congo–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Democratic Republic of the Congo on 7 July 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when DR Congo and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • The Democratic Republic of the Congo maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=https://www.ambardcusa.org/embassy/democratic-republic-of-the-congo-in-the-united-kingdom/|title=Democratic Republic of the Congo in the United Kingdom|website=Democratic Republic of the Congo in the United States|date=5 December 2018 |access-date=29 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924155958/https://www.ambardcusa.org/embassy/democratic-republic-of-the-congo-in-the-united-kingdom/|archive-date=24 September 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the Democratic Republic of the Congo through its embassy in Kinshasa.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kinshasa|title=British Embassy Kinshasa|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610041207/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kinshasa|archive-date=10 June 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Djibouti}}{{Date table sorting|1978}}See Foreign relations of Djibouti

File:William Hague and Mahamoud Ali Youssouf.jpg Mahamoud Ali Youssouf in London, May, 2013.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Djibouti on 25 January 1978.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Djibouti and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=March 2025}}

  • Djibouti does not maintain an embassy in the UK.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Djibouti through its embassy in Djibouti.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ndjamena|title=British Embassy Djibouti|work=GOV.UK|access-date=14 April 2024|archive-date=27 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230827141525/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-djibouti|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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Egypt}}{{Date table sorting|1922}}See Egypt–United Kingdom relations

File:The Prime Minister arrives in Egypt (53270852942).jpg Abdel Fattah el-Sisi at COP27 in Sharm El Sheikh, October 2023.]]

Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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Equatorial Guinea}}{{Date table sorting|1969}}See Foreign relations of Equatorial Guinea

The UK established diplomatic relations with Equatorial Guinea on 20 June 1969.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Equatorial Guinea and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=March 2025}}

  • Equatorial Guinea does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom; the Equatoguinean government closed its embassy in London.{{cite web|last=Felix|first=Bate|title=Equatorial Guinea to close embassy in London|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/equatorial-guinea-close-embassy-london-2021-07-26/|date=27 July 2021|website=Reuters|location=Dakar|language=en-GB|access-date=12 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726121630/https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/equatorial-guinea-close-embassy-london-2021-07-26/|archive-date=26 July 2021|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Equatorial Guinea through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Yaoundé, Cameroon.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/equatorial-guinea|title=UK help and services in Equatorial Guinea|website=GOV.UK|access-date=29 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213233002/https://www.gov.uk/world/equatorial-guinea|archive-date=13 February 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, and the United Nations.

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Eritrea}}{{Date table sorting|1993}}See Foreign relations of Eritrea

The UK established diplomatic relations with Eritrea on 16 November 1993.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Eritrea and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Eritrea maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=https://www.eritreanembassyuk.org.uk/|title=Home|website=Embassy of the State of Eritrea, United Kingdom and Ireland|access-date=16 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241211091931/https://www.eritreanembassyuk.org.uk/|archive-date=11 December 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Eritrea through its embassy in Asmara.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-asmara|title=British Embassy Asmara|website=GOV.UK|access-date=16 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115072202/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-asmara|archive-date=15 January 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK administered Eritrea from 1941 to 1952, when Eritrea united with Ethiopia into a federation.{{cite web|url=https://us.embassyeritrea.org/our-history/|title=Our History|website=Embassy of Eritrea, Washington D.C.|access-date=16 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241222142531/https://us.embassyeritrea.org/our-history/|archive-date=22 December 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations.

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Eswatini}}{{Date table sorting|1968}}See Eswatini–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Eswatini on 6 September 1968.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Eswatini and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=April 2025}}

  • Eswatini maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/eswatini/|date=1 February 2015|title=Eswatini|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=4 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116113751/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/eswatini/|archive-date=16 November 2022|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Eswatini through its high commission in Mbabane.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-mbabane|title=British High Commission Mbabane|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501175336/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-mbabane|archive-date=1 May 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Eswatini from 1903 to 1968, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the SACUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Tax Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/swaziland-tax-treaties|date=2 January 2014|title=Swaziland: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328114022/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/swaziland-tax-treaties|archive-date=28 March 2019|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2976/eswatini---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|title=Eswatini - United Kingdom BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=27 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606053931/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2976/eswatini---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|archive-date=6 June 2023|url-status=live}}

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Ethiopia}}{{Date table sorting|1841}}See Ethiopia–United Kingdom relations

File:Haile Selassie Churchill.jpg with Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie in 10 Downing Street, October 1954.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Ethiopia in 1841.{{Better source needed|reason=The source only states the year when Ethiopia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

  • Ethiopia maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/ethiopia/|date=1 May 2016|title=Ethiopia|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=28 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004151/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/ethiopia/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Ethiopia through its embassy in Addis Ababa.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-addis-ababa|title=British Embassy Addis Ababa|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222014804/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-addis-ababa|archive-date=22 February 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK administered Ethiopia from 1941 to 1942. The UK continued to administered the regions of Ogaden and Haud from 1941, until both territories were relinquished to Ethiopia in 1948 and 1955 respectively.{{cite book|last1=Shinn|first1=David H.|last2=Ofcansky|first2=Thomas P.|title=Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WU92d6sB8JAC&pg=PA309|date=11 April 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7457-2|pages=309–}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenues and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ethiopia-tax-treaties|date=

8 March 2013|title=Ethiopia: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=27 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171752/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ethiopia-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1495/ethiopia---united-kingdom-bit-2009-|title=Ethiopia - United Kingdom BIT (2009)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=28 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501195438/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1495/ethiopia---united-kingdom-bit-2009-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Gabon}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Gabon–United Kingdom relations

File:President of Gabon (12476405025).jpg Ali Bongo in London, February 2014.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Gabon on 9 December 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Gabon and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=May 2025}}

  • Gabon maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=4 September 2017|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/gabon/|title=Gabon|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=8 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250501003232/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/gabon/|archive-date=1 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Gabon through an honoury consul in Libreville.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-yaounde/office/honorary-consul-for-gabon|title=Honorary Consul Libreville|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330174926/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-yaounde/office/honorary-consul-for-gabon|archive-date=30 March 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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Gambia}}{{Date table sorting|1957}}See Foreign relations of the Gambia

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Gambia on 1 January 1965.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the Gambia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=April 2025}}

  • The Gambia maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/gambia/|title=Gambia|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=14 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170717120012/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/gambia/|archive-date=17 July 2017|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the Gambia through its high commission in Banjul.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-banjul|title=British High Commission Banjul|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 April 2025|archive-date=10 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250410221119/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-banjul|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the Gambia from 1816 to 1965, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/gambia-tax-treaties|date=

11 August 2008|title=Gambia: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328113202/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/gambia-tax-treaties|archive-date=28 March 2019|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1656/gambia---united-kingdom-bit-2002-|title=Gambia - United Kingdom BIT (2002)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=14 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501190206/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1656/gambia---united-kingdom-bit-2002-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Ghana}}{{Date table sorting|1957}}See Ghana–United Kingdom relations

File:Minister of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration of the Republic of Ghana (17924279082).jpg with Ghanaian Hanna Tetteh in London, May 2015.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Ghana on 6 March 1957.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Ghana and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=June 2025}}

  • Ghana maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 February 2015|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/ghana/|title=Ghana|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=4 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004216/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/ghana/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Ghana through its high commission in Accra.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-accra|title=British High Commission Accra|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 April 2024|archive-date=6 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406235244/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-accra|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Ghana from 1821 to 1957, when Ghana achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, an Interim Trade Partnership Agreement,{{cite web|author1=

Department for International Trade|author2=Duddridge, James|last3=Jayawarden|first3=Jaya|last4=Truss|first4=Liz|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-signs-trade-partnership-agreement-with-ghana|title=UK signs Trade Partnership Agreement with Ghana|date=2 March 2021|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302162419/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-signs-trade-partnership-agreement-with-ghana|archive-date=2 March 2021|url-status=live}} a High Level Prosperity Partnership, and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1796/ghana---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|title=Ghana - United Kingdom BIT (1989)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=22 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601045137/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1796/ghana---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|archive-date=1 June 2023|url-status=live}}

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Guinea}}{{Date table sorting|1959}}See Foreign relations of Guinea

The UK established diplomatic relations with Guinea on 28 May 1959.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Guinea and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=March 2025}}

  • Guinea maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/guinea-republic-of/|title=Guinea, Republic of|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=15 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250311224705/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/guinea-republic-of/|archive-date=11 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Guinea through its embassy in Conakry.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-conakry|title=British Embassy Conakry|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240513161253/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-conakry|archive-date=13 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Guinea-Bissau}}{{Date table sorting|1975}}See Foreign relations of Guinea-Bissau

The UK established diplomatic relations with Guinea-Bissau on 12 March 1975.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Guinea-Bissau and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Guinea-Bissau does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Guinea-Bissau through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Dakar, Senegal.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/guinea-bissau|title=UK help and services in Guinea-Bissau|website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320175502/https://www.gov.uk/world/guinea-bissau|archive-date=20 March 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed parts of Guinea-Bissau from 1792 to 1870, when it was ceded to Portugal.

Both countries share common membership of Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Ivory Coast}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of Ivory Coast

The UK established diplomatic relations with Ivory Coast on 12 October 1960.

  • Ivory Coast maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web |url=https://ambaci.uk/en_gb/home/the-embassy/|title=The Embassy of Côte d'Ivoire|work=Côte d'Ivoire in the United Kingdom|access-date=31 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131102148/https://ambaci.uk/en_gb/home/the-embassy/|archive-date=31 January 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Ivory Coast through its embassy in Abidjan.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-abidjan|title=British Embassy Abidjan|website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503161356/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-abidjan|archive-date=3 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Economic Partnership Agreement,{{cite web|last=Jayawardena|first=Ranil|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/the-united-kingdom-and-cote-divoire-sign-economic-partnership-agreement|title=The United Kingdom and Côte d'Ivoire sign Economic Partnership Agreement|website=GOV.UK|date=15 October 2020|access-date=31 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201015174614/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/the-united-kingdom-and-cote-divoire-sign-economic-partnership-agreement|archive-date=15 October 2020|url-status=live}} a High Level Prosperity Partnership, and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1065/c-te-d-ivoire---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|title=Côte d'Ivoire - United Kingdom BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=20 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811054019/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1065/c-te-d-ivoire---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|archive-date=11 August 2022|url-status=live}}

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Kenya}}{{Date table sorting|1963}}See Kenya–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends UNGA (54021845925).jpg William Ruto at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Kenya on 12 December 1963.{{Better source needed|reason=The source does not state when Kenya and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=December 2024}}

  • Kenya maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Kenya through its high commission in Nairobi.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-nairobi|title=British High Commission Nairobi|website=GOV.UK|access-date=26 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240515094802/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-nairobi|archive-date=15 May 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Kenya from 1895 to 1963, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Economic Partnership Agreement,{{cite news|last=Miriri|first=Duncan|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-kenya-britain-trade/kenya-agrees-new-trade-deal-with-britain-to-safeguard-investments-idUKKBN27J1S6/|title=Kenya agrees new trade deal with Britain to safeguard investments|website=Reuters|date=3 November 2020|access-date=1 January 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101005456/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-kenya-britain-trade/kenya-agrees-new-trade-deal-with-britain-to-safeguard-investments-idUKKBN27J1S6/|archive-date=1 January 2024|url-status=live}} a Defence Cooperation Agreement,{{cite news|last=Kariuki|first=Patrick|url=https://kenyanforeignpolicy.com/inside-the-defence-agreement-between-kenya-and-uk/|title=Inside the Defence Agreement between Kenya and UK|website=Kenyan Foreign Policy|date=30 June 2023|access-date=26 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630153721/https://kenyanforeignpolicy.com/inside-the-defence-agreement-between-kenya-and-uk/|archive-date=30 June 2023|url-status=live}} a Development Partnership, and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2225/kenya---united-kingdom-bit-1999-|title=Kenya - United Kingdom BIT (1999)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=26 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627232426/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2225/kenya---united-kingdom-bit-1999-|archive-date=27 June 2022|url-status=live}}

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Lesotho}}{{Date table sorting|1966}}See Foreign relations of Lesotho

The UK established diplomatic relations with Lesotho on 4 October 1966.

  • Lesotho maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Lesotho through its high commission in Maseru.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-maseru|title=British High Commission Maseru|website=GOV.UK|access-date=11 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910230633/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-maseru|archive-date=10 September 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Lesotho from 1884 to 1966, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the SACUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2396/lesotho---united-kingdom-bit-1981-|title=Lesotho - United Kingdom BIT (1981)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=11 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811144728/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2396/lesotho---united-kingdom-bit-1981-|archive-date=11 August 2022|url-status=live}}

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Liberia}}{{Date table sorting|1849}}See Liberia–United Kingdom relations

File:Co-chairs of the High Level Panel in London (8147175093).jpg Ellen Johnson Sirleaf in London, November 2012.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Liberia on 1 August 1849.

  • Liberia maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Liberia through its embassy in Monrovia.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-monrovia|title=British Embassy Monrovia|work=GOV.UK|access-date=20 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906161939/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-monrovia|archive-date=6 September 2023|url-status=live}}

The United Kingdom was the first country to recognise the independence of Liberia in 1848.{{Cite web|author=Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office|date=27 March 2024|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-liberia-development-partnership-summary/uk-liberia-development-partnership-summary-march-2024|title=UK–Liberia development partnership summary, March 2024|work=GOV.UK|access-date=20 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327103642/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-liberia-development-partnership-summary/uk-liberia-development-partnership-summary-march-2024|archive-date=27 March 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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Libya}}{{Date table sorting|1951}}See Libya–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Libya on 24 December 1951.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Libya and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

  • Libya maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/libya/|date=15 July 2016|title=Libya|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=14 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429161709/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/libya/|archive-date=29 April 2017|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Libya through its embassy in Tripoli.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tripoli|title=British Embassy Tripoli|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127030440/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tripoli|archive-date=27 November 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK administered Libya from 1942 to 1951, when Libya gained full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{cite web|url=https://www.orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/LY/Libya/GB/United-Kingdom|title=United Kingdom - Libya Tax Treaty (2008)|website=Orbitax|access-date=14 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250214005319/https://www.orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/LY/Libya/GB/United-Kingdom|archive-date=14 February 2025|url-status=live}} and have signed an Investment Agreement.{{cite web|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bits/3596/united-kingdom---libya-bit-2009-|title=United Kingdom - Libya BIT (2009)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=14 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812213417/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bits/3596/united-kingdom---libya-bit-2009-|archive-date=12 August 2022|url-status=live}}

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Madagascar}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of Madagascar

The UK established diplomatic relations with Madagascar on 27 June 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Madagascar and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

  • Madagascar maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|title=Embassy of Madagascar in London|website=Embassy of Madagascar in London|access-date=14 February 2025|url=https://www.mdg-london.org/}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Madagascar through its embassy in Antananarivo.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-antananarivo|title=British Embassy Antananarivo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 February 2025}}

The UK administered Madagascar from 1942 to 1943, when Madagascar was transferred to France.

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Eastern and Southern Africa–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.{{cite web|author=Department for International Trade|date=6 February 2019|title=ESA-UK economic partnership agreement (EPA)|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/esa-uk-economic-partnership-agreement-epa--2|access-date=1 August 2024|website=GOV.UK|archive-date=1 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801155859/https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/esa-uk-economic-partnership-agreement-epa--2|url-status=live}}

Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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Malawi}}{{Date table sorting|1964}}See Malawi–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Malawi on 6 July 1964.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Malawi and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Malawi maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|url=https://www.malawihighcommission.co.uk/index.php/high-commission|title=High Commission|website=Malawi High Commission United Kingdom|access-date=29 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210190608/https://www.malawihighcommission.co.uk/index.php/high-commission|archive-date=10 December 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Malawi through its high commission in Lilongwe.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-lilongwe|title=British High Commission Lilongwe|website=GOV.UK|access-date=29 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429085350/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-lilongwe|archive-date=29 April 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Malawi from 1893 until 1964, when Malawi gained full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and a Double Taxation Agreement.{{Cite web|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/MW/Malawi/GB/United-Kingdom|title=United Kingdom - Malawi Tax Treaty (as amended through 1978 Arrangement)|website=Orbitax|access-date=23 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123003431/https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/MW/Malawi/GB/United-Kingdom|archive-date=23 January 2025|url-status=live}}

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Mali}}{{Date table sorting|1961}}See Foreign relations of Mali

The UK established diplomatic relations with Mali on 22 March 1961.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Mali and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=March 2025}}

  • Mali does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Mali through its embassy in Bamako.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bamako|title=British Embassy Bamako|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329231407/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bamako|archive-date=29 March 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Mauritania}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of Mauritania

File:British foreign minister discusses Sahel security in Mauritania (6263417651).jpg Hamady Ould Hamady in Nouakchott, October 2011.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Mauritania on 28 November 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Mauritania and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=May 2025}}

  • Mauritania maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/mauritania/|title=Mauritania|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=4 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250501002942/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/mauritania/|archive-date=1 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Mauritania through its embassy in Nouakchott.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-nouakchott|title=British Embassy Nouakchott|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906162012/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-nouakchott|archive-date=6 September 2023|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Morocco}}{{Date table sorting|1956}}See Morocco–United Kingdom relations

File:UK Foreign Secretary William Hague meeting Abdel-Ilah Benkirane, Head of the Moroccan Government in London, 28 October 2013. (10535153794).jpg Abdelilah Benkirane in London, October 2013.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Morocco on 28 June 1956.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Morocco and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=June 2025}}

  • Morocco maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/morocco/|date=30 April 2019|title=Morocco|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=1 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513003616/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/morocco/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Morocco through its embassy in Rabat.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-rabat|title=British Embassy Rabat|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250601050023/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-rabat|archive-date=1 June 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Association Agreement,{{cite web|title=UK and Morocco sign continuity agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-morocco-sign-continuity-agreement|author1=Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office|author2=Department for International Trade|last3=Burns|first3=Conor|last4=Murrison|first4=Andrew|author3-link=Conor Burns|author4-link=Andrew Murrison|date=26 October 2019|website=GOV.UK|access-date=15 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191027130001/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-morocco-sign-continuity-agreement|archive-date=27 October 2019|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/576/benin---united-kingdom-bit-1987-|title=Morocco - United Kingdom BIT (1990)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=26 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501190827/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2609/morocco---united-kingdom-bit-1990-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Mozambique}}{{Date table sorting|1975}}See Mozambique–United Kingdom relations

File:President of Mozambique (7169639634).jpg Armando Guebuza in 10 Downing Street, May 2012.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Mozambique on 27 August 1975.

  • Mozambique maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/mozambique/|date=2 November 2016|title=Mozambique|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=6 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250514020712/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/mozambique/|archive-date=14 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Mozambique through its high commission in Maputo.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-maputo|title=British High Commission Maputo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=7 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507133710/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-maputo|archive-date=7 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Southern Africa Customs Union and Mozambique–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a High Level Prosperity Partnership, and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2621/mozambique---united-kingdom-bit-2004-|title=Mozambique - United Kingdom BIT (2004)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=16 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811055445/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2621/mozambique---united-kingdom-bit-2004-|archive-date=11 August 2022|url-status=live}}

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Namibia}}{{Date table sorting|1990}}See Namibia–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Namibia in 1990.

  • Namibia maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Namibia through its high commission in Windhoek.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-windhoek|title=British High Commission Windhoek|website=GOV.UK|access-date=31 July 2024|archive-date=14 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514001642/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-windhoek|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the SACUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Niger}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of Niger

The UK established diplomatic relations with Niger on 6 October 1960.

  • Niger maintains a consulate in the Milton Keynes.{{cite web|title=Consulate|url=https://www.nigerconsulate.org.uk/niger-consulate-uk|website=The Consulate of the Republic of Niger in the United Kingdom|access-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240301042638/https://www.nigerconsulate.org.uk/niger-consulate-uk|archive-date=1 March 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Niger through its embassy in Niamey.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Niamey|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-niamey|website=GOV.UK|access-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829142306/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-niamey|archive-date=29 August 2023|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Nigeria}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Nigeria–United Kingdom relations

File:UK Foreign Secretary David Lammy signs a Strategic Partnership document with Nigeria’s Foreign Minister Yusuf Tuggar in Abuja - 1.jpg with Nigerian Foreign Minister Yusuf Tuggar in Abuja, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Nigeria on 1 October 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Nigeria and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

  • Nigeria maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Nigeria through its high commission in Abuja, and a deputy high commission in Lagos.{{cite web|title=British High Commission Abuja|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-abuja|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501130305/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-abuja|archive-date=1 May 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Nigeria from 1862 to 1960, when Nigeria achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Double Taxation Agreement,{{cite web|title=Nigeria - United Kingdom BIT (1990)|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/NG/Nigeria/GB/United-Kingdom|website=Orbitax|access-date=12 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250212010534/https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/NG/Nigeria/GB/United-Kingdom|archive-date=12 February 2025|url-status=live}} an Enhanced Trade and Investment Partnership,{{cite web|last=Badenoch|first=Kemi|date=13 February 2024|title=UK signs landmark economic partnership with Nigeria|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-signs-landmark-economic-partnership-with-nigeria|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213025158/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-signs-landmark-economic-partnership-with-nigeria|archive-date=13 February 2024|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{cite web|title=Nigeria - United Kingdom BIT (1990)|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-signs-landmark-economic-partnership-with-nigeria|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=28 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809011019/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2692/nigeria---united-kingdom-bit-1990-|archive-date=9 August 2022|url-status=live}} and a Security and Defence Partnership.{{cite web|author1=Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office|author2=Ministry of Defence|author3=Home Office|author4=National Crime Agency|date=3 February 2022|title=UK and Nigeria strengthen security and defence partnership to tackle terrorism and build regional security|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-nigeria-strengthen-security-and-defence-partnership-to-tackle-terrorism-and-build-regional-security|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203073330/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-nigeria-strengthen-security-and-defence-partnership-to-tackle-terrorism-and-build-regional-security|archive-date=3 February 2022|url-status=live}}

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Republic of the Congo}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of the Republic of the Congo

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Republic of the Congo on 9 December 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the Republic of the Congo and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • The Republic of the Congo maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |title=The Embassy |url=https://www.ambacouk.org/en/%C3%A0-propos |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311001843/https://www.ambacouk.org/en/%C3%A0-propos |archive-date=11 March 2024 |access-date=11 March 2024 |website=Ambassade de la République du Congo United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland}}
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Republic of the Congo through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Kinshasa, DR Congo.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/congo|title=UK help and services in Congo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=2 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124105307/https://www.gov.uk/world/congo|archive-date=24 January 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{cite web|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1026/congo---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|title=Congo - United Kingdom BIT (1989)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=2 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807090934/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1026/congo---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|archive-date=7 August 2024|url-status=live}}

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Rwanda}}{{Date table sorting|1962}}See Rwanda–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Rishi Sunak meets Rwandan President Kagame (52870735268).jpg Paul Kagame in Downing Street, May 2023.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Rwanda on 1 July 1962.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Rwanda and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=April 2025}}

  • Rwanda maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/eswatini/|date=30 April 2019|title=Rwanda|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=12 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325014624/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/rwanda/|archive-date=25 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Rwanda through its high commission in Kigali.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kigali|title=British High Commission Kigali|website=GOV.UK|access-date=25 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524170536/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kigali|archive-date=24 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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|{{#invoke:flag

São Tomé and Príncipe}}{{Date table sorting|1979}}See Foreign relations of São Tomé and Príncipe

The UK established diplomatic relations with São Tomé and Príncipe on 3 December 1979.

  • São Tomé and Príncipe does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to São Tomé and Príncipe through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Luanda, Angola.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/sao-tome-and-principe|title=UK help and services in São Tomé and Principe|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801102505/https://www.gov.uk/world/sao-tome-and-principe|archive-date=1 August 2023|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,{{Cite x|name=U.S. Department of State | Science Diplomacy USA|user=SciDiplomacyUSA|number=1761050473803534772|date=23 February 2024|title=The Partnership for Atlantic Cooperation welcomes São Tomé and Príncipe! The United States looks forward to working with São Tomé and Príncipe and the Atlantic community on sustainable development and scientific collaboration.|url=https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1761050473803534772|access-date=12 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240412135751/https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1761050473803534772|archive-date=12 April 2024|url-status=live}} and the United Nations.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Senegal}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Senegal–United Kingdom relations

File:Maitre Madicke Niang (5179350418).jpg Madické Niang in London, November 2010.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Senegal on 20 June 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Senegal and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=June 2025}}

  • Senegal maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=3 July 2018|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/senegal/|website=Diplomat Magazine|title=Senegal|access-date=22 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004209/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/senegal/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Senegal through its embassy in Dakar.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dakar|title=British Embassy Dakar|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241217110740/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dakar|archive-date=17 December 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Agreement,{{Cite web|author=ANKASAM|date=7 December 2023|url=https://www.ankasam.org/senegal-and-uk-sign-defence-and-security-cooperation-agreement/?lang=en|title=Senegal and UK sign defence and security cooperation agreement|website=ANKASAM|access-date=17 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224055415/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2889/senegal---united-kingdom-bit-1980-|archive-date=24 February 2024|url-status=live}} a Double Tax Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/senegal-tax-treaties|date=27 February 2015|title=Senegal: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250424063845/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/senegal-tax-treaties|archive-date=24 April 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2889/senegal---united-kingdom-bit-1980-|title=Senegal - United Kingdom BIT (1980)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=17 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241218002138/https://www.ankasam.org/|archive-date=18 December 2024|url-status=live}} and a Technical Cooperation Agreement.{{cite web|author=Embassy of Senegal London|url=https://senegal-embassy.uk/lambassade/presentation/|title=Bilateral cooperation between Senegal and the United kingdom|website=Embassy of Senegal London|date=6 June 2020|access-date=18 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428162407/https://senegal-embassy.uk/bilateral/|archive-date=28 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Sierra Leone}}{{Date table sorting|1961}}See Foreign relations of Sierra Leone

The UK established diplomatic relations with Sierra Leone in April 1961.

  • Sierra Leone maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Sierra Leone through its high commission in Freetown.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-freetown|title=British High Commission Freetown|website=GOV.UK|access-date=13 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829142303/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-freetown|archive-date=29 August 2023|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,{{Cite x|name=U.S. Department of State | Science Diplomacy USA|user=SciDiplomacyUSA|number=1733233450260304130|date=8 December 2023|title=The Partnership for Atlantic Cooperation welcomes Sierra Leone as its newest member! The United States looks forward to working with Sierra Leone and the Atlantic community on promoting scientific cooperation and sustainable development.|url=https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1733233450260304130|access-date=12 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240412135319/https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1733233450260304130|archive-date=12 April 2024|url-status=live}} the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2903/sierra-leone---united-kingdom-bit-2000-|title=Sierra Leone - United Kingdom BIT (2000)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=13 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224062540/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2903/sierra-leone---united-kingdom-bit-2000-|archive-date=24 February 2024|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Somalia}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Somalia–United Kingdom relations

File:Global Education Summit.jpg Mohamed Hussein Roble in London, July 2021.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Somalia on 7 July 1960.

  • Somalia does not maintain an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Somalia through its embassy in Mogadishu.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-mogadishu|title=British Embassy Mogadishu|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250317133356/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-mogadishu|archive-date=17 March 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Somaliland from 1884 to 1940 and 1941–1960, Somaliland achieved full independence on 26 June 1960. The UK also administered the remaining territory of modern Somalia from 1941 to 1950, until it became an Italian Trust Territory. Both of these territories unified on the 1 July 1960 to become Somalia.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and a Strategic Partnership.{{Cite web|author=Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office|date=21 November 2023|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/somalia-uk-strategic-partnership-communique|title=Somalia-UK strategic partnership: communique|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250303213555/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/somalia-uk-strategic-partnership-communique|archive-date=3 March 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Somaliland}}N/ASee Somaliland–United Kingdom relations

The UK has not established diplomatic relations with Somaliland; the UK does not recognise Somaliland to be a sovereign nation.

  • Somaliland maintains a diplomatic mission in London.
  • The United Kingdom does not have a diplomatic mission in Somaliland.

On 4 July 2023, Gavin Williamson proposed a bill to the UK Parliament that would invoke the UK to recognise the Republic of Somaliland.{{cite web|url=https://www.politics.co.uk/parliament/gavin-williamson-introduces-bill-on-somaliland-recognition/|title=Gavin Williamson introduces Bill on Somaliland recognition|date=4 July 2023|work=Politics.co.uk|access-date=1 January 2024}}

The UK governed Somaliland from 1884 to 1940 and 1941–1960, Somaliland achieved full independence on 26 June 1960. The Republic of Somaliland declared independence from Somalia on 18 May 1991.

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|{{#invoke:flag

South Africa}}{{Date table sorting|1931}}See South Africa–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Sunak met with President Ramaphosa of South Africa in Number 10 - 2022.jpg Cyril Ramaphosa in Downing Street, November 2022.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with South Africa on 10 March 1931.{{Better source needed|reason=The source does not state when South Africa and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations. It simply states when the UK appointed Sir Herbert James Stanley as high commissioner to South Africa.|date=December 2024}}

  • South Africa maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to South Africa through its high commission in Pretoria.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-pretoria|title=British High Commission Pretoria|website=GOV.UK|access-date=8 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241205070329/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-pretoria|archive-date=5 December 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed South Africa from 1806 until 1931, when South Africa gained full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, G20, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the SACUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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|{{#invoke:flag

South Sudan}}{{Date table sorting|2011}}See South Sudan–United Kingdom relations

File:South Sudan Vice President (8345739210).jpg Riek Machar in London, January 2013.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with South Sudan on 9 July 2011.{{Better source needed|reason=The source does not state when South Sudan and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations. It simply states when the UK appointed Dr Alastair McPhail as Ambassador to South Sudan.|date=January 2025}}

  • South Sudan maintains a embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=3 November 2021|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/zambia/|website=Diplomat Magazine|title=South Sudan|access-date=29 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004342/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/south-sudan/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to South Sudan through its embassy in Juba.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-juba|title=British Embassy Juba|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917213738/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-juba|archive-date=17 September 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed South Sudan from 1899 to 1956, when Sudan achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Sudan}}{{Date table sorting|1956}}See Sudan–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Sudan on 3 March 1956.

  • Sudan maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Sudan through its embassy in Khartoum.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-khartoum|title=British Embassy Khartoum|work=GOV.UK|access-date=11 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219072840/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-khartoum|archive-date=19 February 2018|url-status=live}} Due to the Battle of Khartoum, the embassy has been temporarily relocated to Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.{{Cite news|date=27 April 2023|title=UK Ambassador to Sudan deployed to Addis Ababa|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-ambassador-to-khartoum-deployed-to-addis-ababa|access-date=11 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230427174619/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-ambassador-to-khartoum-deployed-to-addis-ababa|archive-date=27 April 2023|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Sudan from 1899 to 1956, when Sudan achieved full independence.{{Cite news|date=10 September 2019|title=Sudan profile - Timeline|website=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095300|access-date=11 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718133502/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095300|archive-date=18 July 2011|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Tanzania}}{{Date table sorting|1964}}See Tanzania–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy visits Samoa (54091598259).jpg Mahmoud Thabit Kombo at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Tanzania on 22 April 1964.

  • Tanzania maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Tanzania through its high commission in Dar es Salaam.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-dar-es-salaam|title=British High Commission Dar es Salaam|work=GOV.UK|access-date=9 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514063259/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-dar-es-salaam|archive-date=14 May 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Tanganyika from 1916 to 1961, when Tanganyika achieved full independence; the UK governed Zanzibar from 1890 to 1963, when Zanzibar achieved full independence. Both countries unified on 26 April 1964 to become Tanzania.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and a High Level Prosperity Partnership.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Togo}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Foreign relations of Togo

The UK established diplomatic relations with Togo on 27 April 1960.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Togo and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Togo maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Togo through a high commission; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Accra, Ghana.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/togo|title=UK help and services in Togo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930032426/https://www.gov.uk/world/togo |archive-date=30 September 2023|url-status=live}}

The UK occupied Togo from 1914 to 1916, when Togo became a French mandate.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Tunisia}}{{Date table sorting|1956}}See Foreign relations of Tunisia

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy visits Tunisia (54298963553).jpg

The UK established diplomatic relations with Tunisia on 19 June 1956.

  • Tunisia maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Tunisia through its embassy in Tunis.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tunis|title=British Embassy Tunis|work=GOV.UK|access-date=1 July 2024|archive-date=13 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240513174322/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tunis|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Association Agreement,{{cite web|title=UK and Tunisia sign continuity agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-tunisia-sign-continuity-agreement|last1=Murrison|first1=Andrew|last2=Burns|first2=Conor|date=4 October 2019|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191004121845/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-tunisia-sign-continuity-agreement|archive-date=4 October 2019|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3036/tunisia---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|title=Tunisia - United Kingdom BIT (1989)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=1 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207161123/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3036/tunisia---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|archive-date=7 December 2022|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Uganda}}{{Date table sorting|1962}}See Uganda–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends CHOGM Summit in Samoa -Day 2 (54091742866).jpg Jessica Alupo at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Uganda on 9 October 1962.

  • Uganda maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Uganda through its high commission in Kampala.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kampala|title=British High Commission Kampala|work=GOV.UK|access-date=9 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514033913/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kampala|archive-date=14 May 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Uganda from 1894 to 1962, when Uganda achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3050/uganda---united-kingdom-bit-1998-|title=Uganda - United Kingdom BIT (1998)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=2 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128190623/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3050/uganda---united-kingdom-bit-1998-|archive-date=28 November 2023|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Zambia}}{{Date table sorting|1964}}See United Kingdom–Zambia relations

File:Foreign Secretary James Cleverly visits Zambia - 53090850497.jpg with Zambian President Hakainde Hichilema in Lusaka, August 2023.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Zambia on 17 October 1964.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Zambia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=May 2025}}

  • Zambia maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=3 November 2021|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/zambia/|website=Diplomat Magazine|title=Zambia|access-date=9 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513003650/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/zambia/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Zambia through its high commission in Lusaka.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-lusaka|title=British Embassy Lusaka|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906161949/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-lusaka|archive-date=6 September 2023|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Zambia from 1911 to 1964, when Zambia achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|author=

British High Commission Lusaka|date=4 February 2014|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/green-growth-compact-agreement-between-the-uk-and-zambia|title=UK and Zambia sign a Double Taxation Agreement|access-date=9 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724040231/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-zambia-sign-a-double-taxation-agreement|archive-date=24 July 2019|url-status=live}} an Energy Africa Partnership Agreement,{{Cite web|author=British High Commission Lusaka|date=9 February 2017|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-zambia-sign-energy-africa-partnership-agreement|website=GOV.UK|title=UK and Zambia sign Energy Africa Partnership Agreement|access-date=9 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723220244/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-zambia-sign-energy-africa-partnership-agreement|archive-date=23 July 2019|url-status=live}} a Green Growth Compact,{{Cite web|last=Ford|first=Vicky|author-link=Vicky Ford|date=5 November 2021|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/green-growth-compact-agreement-between-the-uk-and-zambia|title=Green Growth Compact agreement between the UK and Zambia|website=GOV.UK|access-date=9 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804194024/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/green-growth-compact-agreement-between-the-uk-and-zambia|archive-date=4 August 2023|url-status=live}} and have signed an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3597/united-kingdom---zambia-bit-2009-|title=United Kingdom - Zambia BIT (2009)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=10 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818010046/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3597/united-kingdom---zambia-bit-2009-|archive-date=18 August 2022|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Zimbabwe}}{{Date table sorting|1980}}See United Kingdom–Zimbabwe relations

File:Boris Johnson with Sibusiso Moyo in London - 2018 (41537095012).jpg Sibusiso Moyo at a Commonwealth summit in London, April 2018.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Zimbabwe on 18 April 1980.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Zimbabwe and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Zimbabwe maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 February 2015|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/zimbabwe/|title=Zimbabwe|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=8 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004122/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/zimbabwe/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Zimbabwe through its embassy in Harare.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-harare|title=British Embassy Harare|website=GOV.UK|access-date=21 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620111404/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-harare|archive-date=20 June 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Zimbabwe from 1923 to 1980, when Zimbabwe achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Eastern and Southern Africa–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/gambia-tax-treaties|date=2 January 2014|title=Zimbabwe: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=8 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408172003/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/zimbabwe-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} and have signed an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/3068/united-kingdom---zimbabwe-bit-1995-|title=United Kingdom - Zimbabwe BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=21 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501192811/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/3068/united-kingdom---zimbabwe-bit-1995-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

= Asia =

class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
style="width:15%;"| Country

! style="width:12%;" | Since

!Notes

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|{{#invoke:flag

Afghanistan}}{{Date table sorting|1921}}See Afghanistan–United Kingdom relations

File:UK Prime Minister Visits Troops in Helmand 141003-M-MF313-130.jpg, October 2012.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Afghanistan on 22 November 1921. The UK currently recognises the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan government, over the de facto Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan government, as the legal administrator of the country.

  • Afghanistan maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=2 November 2021|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/afghanistan/|title=Afghanistan|access-date=8 March 2025|website=Diplomat Magazine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250304223126/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/afghanistan/|archive-date=4 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom was accredited to Afghanistan through its embassy in Kabul. Following the fall of Kabul, the embassy has been co-located with the British Embassy in Doha, Qatar.{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kabul|title=British Embassy Kabul|access-date=8 March 2025|website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250306090409/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kabul|archive-date=6 March 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Afghanistan from 1879–1919, when Afghanistan achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Armenia}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Armenia–United Kingdom relations

File:Armen Sarkissian attends the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (17) (cropped).jpg with Armenian President Armen Sarkissian at COP26 in Glasgow, November 2021.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Armenia on 20 January 1992.

  • Armenia maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Armenia through its embassy in Yerevan.{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-yerevan|title=British Embassy Yerevan|access-date=6 June 2024|website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606093536/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-yerevan|archive-date=6 June 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/198/armenia---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|title=Armenia - United Kingdom BIT (1993)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=6 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227030356/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/198/armenia---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|archive-date=27 February 2024|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Azerbaijan}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Azerbaijan–United Kingdom relations

File:Theresa May meets with Ilham Aliyev (4).jpg Ilham Aliyev in Downing Street, April 2018.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Azerbaijan on 11 March 1992.

  • Azerbaijan maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Azerbaijan through its embassy in Baku.{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-baku|title=British Embassy Baku|access-date=17 January 2025|website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115090632/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-baku|archive-date=15 January 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the OSCE, and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GB/United%20Kingdom/AZ/Azerbaijan/6566e3f4-c4ed-4aea-a2a4-4325b550bc73/-Capital-Gains_ARTICLE-13|title=United Kingdom - Azerbaijan Tax Treaty (1994)|website=Orbitax|access-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117005210/https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GB/United%20Kingdom/AZ/Azerbaijan/6566e3f4-c4ed-4aea-a2a4-4325b550bc73/-Capital-Gains_ARTICLE-13|archive-date=17 January 2025|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/331/azerbaijan---united-kingdom-bit-1996-|title=Azerbaijan - United Kingdom BIT (1996)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501224215/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/331/azerbaijan---united-kingdom-bit-1996-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Bahrain}}{{Date table sorting|1971}}See Bahrain–United Kingdom relations

File:Theresa May meets with King of Bahrain at 10 Downing Street.jpg Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa in Downing Street, October 2016.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Bahrain on 21 August 1971.

  • Bahrain maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=18 September 2018|title=Bahrain|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://www.mofa.gov.bh/london/en/home/|access-date=13 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250403183140/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/bahrain/|archive-date=3 April 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Bahrain through its embassy in Manama.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Manama|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-manama|access-date=13 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250407110529/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-manama|archive-date=7 April 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Bahrain from 1861 to 1971, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Bahrain–US Comprehensive Security Integration and Prosperity Agreement.{{cite web|author1=Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office|last2=Falconer|first2=Hamish|author2link=Hamish Falconer|date=6 December 2024|title=UK joins US-Bahrain agreement to build security across the Middle East|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-joins-us-bahrain-agreement-to-build-security-across-the-middle-east|access-date=13 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206193943/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-joins-us-bahrain-agreement-to-build-security-across-the-middle-east|archive-date=6 December 2024|url-status=live}} Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.{{cite web|author=HM Revenue & Customs|date=

27 October 1990|title=Bahrain: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-joins-us-bahrain-agreement-to-build-security-across-the-middle-east|access-date=13 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328113816/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/bahrain-tax-treaties|archive-date=28 March 2019|url-status=live}} Both countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.{{cite news|last=Smout|first=Alistair|date=22 June 2023|title=Britain launches free trade talks with Gulf countries|url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/britain-launches-free-trade-talks-with-gulf-countries-2022-06-21/|location=London|website=Reuters|access-date=29 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622015420/https://www.reuters.com/markets/britain-launches-free-trade-talks-with-gulf-countries-2022-06-21/|archive-date=22 June 2022|url-status=live}}

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Bangladesh}}{{Date table sorting|1972}}See Bangladesh–United Kingdom relations

File:Sheikh Hasina with David Cameron.jpg Sheikh Hasina in Downing Street, January 2011.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Bangladesh on 4 February 1972.

  • Bangladesh maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=28 February 2022|title=Bangladesh|website=Diplomat Magazine|language=en-UK|url=https://www.mofa.gov.bh/london/en/home/|access-date=19 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221213745/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/bangladesh/|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Bangladesh through its high commission in Dhaka.{{cite web|title=British High Commission Dhaka|website=GOV.UK|language=en-UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-dhaka|access-date=27 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220110223/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-dhaka|archive-date=20 February 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Bangladesh from 1699 to 1947, when it achieved independence as part of Pakistan.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|title=Bangladesh: tax treaties|date=27 February 1961|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/bangladesh-tax-treaties|access-date=27 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093413/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/bangladesh-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{cite web|title=Bangladesh - United Kingdom BIT (1980)|website=UN Trade and Development|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/390/bangladesh---united-kingdom-bit-1980-|access-date=27 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501191121/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/390/bangladesh---united-kingdom-bit-1980-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}} and an Illegal Migration Returns Agreement.{{cite web|author1=Home Office|last2=Tomlinson|first2=Michael|author1-link=Home Office|author2-link=Michael Tomlinson|title=UK and Bangladesh sign agreement to tackle illegal migration|date=27 February 1961|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-bangladesh-sign-agreement-to-tackle-illegal-migration|access-date=27 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516164557/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-bangladesh-sign-agreement-to-tackle-illegal-migration|archive-date=16 May 2024|url-status=live}}

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Bhutan}}N/ASee Foreign relations of Bhutan

The UK has not established diplomatic relations with Bhutan; the UK does recognise Bhutan to be a sovereign nation.

  • The UK is accredited to Bhutan through its deputy high commission in Kolkata, India.{{cite web|title=British Deputy High Commission Kolkata|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-deputy-high-commission-kolkata|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 March 2024}}

Relations between Bhutan and the UK date back to the 18th Century{{Country study|country=Bhutan|abbr=bt|editor=Savada, Andrea Matles|year=1991|section=British Intrusion, 1772–1907|last=Worden |first= Robert L|pd=yes}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations.

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Brunei}}{{Date table sorting|1984}}See Brunei–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Sultan of Brunei (54214371358).jpg Hassanal Bolkiah in Downing Street, December 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Brunei on 1 January 1984.

  • Brunei maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/brunei-darussalam/|title=Brunei Darusssalam|access-date=27 May 2025|website=Diplomat Magazine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004313/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/brunei-darussalam/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Brunei through its high commission in Bandar Seri Begawan.{{cite web|title=British High Commission Bandar Seri Begawan|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-bandar-seri-begawan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705170500/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kuala-lumpur|archive-date=5 July 2024|access-date=27 January 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the Brunei from 1888 to 1984, when Brunei achieved full independence.{{cite book|author=Leigh R. Wright|title=The Origins of British Borneo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9SzxAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA181|date=1 July 1988|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|isbn=978-962-209-213-6|pages=181–}}

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, CPTPP, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=23 March 1995|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/brunei-tax-treaties|title=Brunei: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=27 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250418044127/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/brunei-tax-treaties|archive-date=18 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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Cambodia}}{{Date table sorting|1952}}See Cambodia–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Cambodian Minister of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation Chea Somethy (54391914702).jpg

The UK established diplomatic relations with Cambodia on 5 May 1952.

  • Cambodia maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 September 2013|title=Cambodia|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/cambodia/|access-date=1 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429161355/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/cambodia/|archive-date=29 April 2017|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Cambodia through its embassy in Phnom Penh.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Phnom Penh|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-phnom-penh|access-date=1 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222231412/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-phnom-penh|archive-date=22 February 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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China}}{{Date table sorting|1954}}See China–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends the G20 Summit in Brazil (54147616322).jpg with Chinese President Xi Jinping at a G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China on 17 June 1954.

  • China maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=China|website=Diplomat Magazine|date=16 May 2018|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/china/|access-date=21 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250314174301/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/china/|archive-date=14 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to China through its embassy in Beijing, and consulate generals in Guangzhou, Hong Kong, and Shanghai.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Beijing|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-beijing|access-date=15 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229180906/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-beijing|archive-date=29 February 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the territories of Hong Kong, from 1841 to 1941 and 1945 to 1997, as well as Weihaiwei from 1898 to 1930.

Both countries share common membership of the G20, the UNSC P5, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|title=China: tax treaties|date=

17 December 2013|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/china-tax-treaties|access-date=21 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093413/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/china-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{cite web|title=China - United Kingdom BIT (1986)|website=UN Trade and Development|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/989/china---united-kingdom-bit-1986-|access-date=21 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501192452/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/989/china---united-kingdom-bit-1986-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}} and the Sino-British Joint Declaration.

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Cyprus}}{{Date table sorting|1960}}See Cyprus–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets President of Cyprus Nikos Christodoulides at 10 Downing Street, London, UK on 14 October 2024 - 2.jpg Nikos Christodoulides in Downing Street, October 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Cyprus on 1 October 1960. The UK is a "guarantor power" of Cyprus's independence.

  • Cyprus maintains a high commission in London, and honorary consulates in Belfast, Birmingham, Bristol, Dunblane, Glasgow, and Leeds.{{cite web|url=https://cyprusinuk.com/honorary-consulates/|title=Honorary Consulates in the UK|website=High Commission of Cyprus in the UK|access-date=28 April 2024|archive-date= 9 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209150941/https://cyprusinuk.com/honorary-consulates/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Cyprus through its high commission in Nicosia.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-nicosia|title=British High Commission Nicosia|website=GOV.UK|access-date=12 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112143622/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-nicosia|archive-date=12 January 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Cyprus from 1878 until 1960, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.{{Cite web|last=Christofi|first=Constantinos|date=November 2018|url=https://www.financierworldwide.com/the-new-cyprus-united-kingdom-double-tax-agreement|title=The new Cyprus-United Kingdom double tax agreement|website=Financier Worldwide|access-date=3 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250203002108/https://www.financierworldwide.com/the-new-cyprus-united-kingdom-double-tax-agreement|archive-date=3 February 2025|url-status=live}}

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East Timor}}{{Date table sorting|2002}}See East Timor–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy meets president of Timor-Leste José Ramos-Horta (54475577565).jpg José Ramos-Horta in London, April 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with East Timor in 2002.{{Better source needed|reason=The source only states the year when East Timor and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=May 2025}}

  • Timor-Leste maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=142&lang=en|title=Timor-Leste Embassies|website=Government of East Timor|access-date =24 May 2024|archive-date=22 October 2023|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20231022102018/http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=142&lang=en|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Timor-Leste from its embassy in Jakarta; there is no British embassy in East Timor.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-timor-leste|title=British Embassy Timor Leste|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 May 2024|archive-date=20 May 2024|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240520091222/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-timor-leste|url-status=live}} On 29 February 2024, the UK announced its intentions to re-open an embassy in Dili.

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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Georgia}}1992See Georgia–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Georgia on 27 April 1992.

  • Georgia maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=413&lang_id=ENG |title=United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland|access-date=26 February 2024 |url-status=dead|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120603205636/http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=413&lang_id=ENG |archive-date=3 June 2012}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Georgia through its embassy in Tbilisi.{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tbilisi|title=British Embassy Tbilisi|access-date=26 February 2024|website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241010062423/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tbilisi|archive-date=10 October 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have and an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1675/georgia---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|title=Georgia - United Kingdom BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=2 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240714155848/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1675/georgia---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|archive-date=14 July 2024|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership and Cooperation Agreement.{{cite web|title=UK and Georgia sign trade continuity and strategic cooperation agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-georgia-sign-trade-continuity-and-strategic-cooperation-agreement|last=Truss|first=Elizabeth|date=21 October 2019|website=GOV.UK|access-date=26 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118104653/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-georgia-sign-trade-continuity-and-strategic-cooperation-agreement|archive-date=18 January 2024|url-status=live}}

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Hong Kong}}N/ASee Hong Kong–United Kingdom relations

File:Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (6146914431).jpg Donald Tsang in Downing Street, September 2011.]]

The UK established modern diplomatic relations with Hong Kong on 1 July 1997.

  • Hong Kong is represented through its Economic and Trade Office in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Hong Kong from its consulate general on Hong Kong Island.{{cite web |title=British Consulate General Hong Kong|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-consulate-general-hong-kong|work=GOV.UK|access-date=15 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614022451/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-consulate-general-hong-kong|archive-date=14 June 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Hong Kong from 1841 to 1941 and 1945 to 1997, when Hong Kong's sovereignty was ceded to the People's Republic of China in 1997.

Both share common membership of the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1872/hong-kong-china-sar---united-kingdom-bit-1998-|title=Hong Kong, China SAR - United Kingdom BIT (1998)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=15 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227111801/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1872/hong-kong-china-sar---united-kingdom-bit-1998-|archive-date=27 February 2024|url-status=live}}

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India}}{{Date table sorting|1947}}See India–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister of Bharat Shri Narendra Damodardas Modi with Prime Minister of The United Kingdom Sir Keir Starmer.jpg Narendra Modi at a G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with India on 14 August 1947.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when India and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=June 2025}}

  • India maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|title=India - UK Relations|website=High Commission of India, London|url=https://www.hcilondon.gov.in/page/india-uk-relations/|access-date=11 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204230433/https://www.hcilondon.gov.in/page/india-uk-relations/|archive-date=4 December 2023|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to India through its high commission in New Delhi, as well as Deputy High Commissions in Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai, and a Nationals Assistance Office in Goa.{{cite web|title=British High Commission New Delhi|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-new-delhi|access-date=1 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126235137/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-new-delhi|archive-date=26 January 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the India from 1858 to 1947, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the G20, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, a Development Partnership, and a Free Trade Agreement.

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Indonesia}}{{Date table sorting|1949}}See Indonesia–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets the President of Indonesia (54155606175).jpg Prabowo Subianto in Downing Street, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Indonesia on 27 December 1949.

  • Indonesia maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=Indonesia|website=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 April 2019|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/indonesia/|access-date=19 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250217011947/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/indonesia/|archive-date=17 February 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Indonesia through its embassy in Jakarta, as well as an honorary consulate in Bali.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Jakarta|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-jakarta|access-date=19 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225210618/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-jakarta|archive-date=25 December 2024|url-status=live}}

The United Kingdom occupied Indonesia from 1811 to 1816 and 1945 to 1946, on both occasions Indonesia was transferred to the Netherlands.

Both countries share common membership of the G20, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Double Taxation Agreement,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|title=Indonesia: tax treaties|date=17 August 2007|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/indonesia-tax-treaties|access-date=19 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250130212938/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/indonesia-tax-treaties|archive-date=30 January 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{cite web|title=Indonesia - United Kingdom BIT (1976)|website=UN Trade and Development|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2015/indonesia---united-kingdom-bit-1976-|access-date=19 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501192012/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2015/indonesia---united-kingdom-bit-1976-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership.{{cite web|author1=Prime Minister's Office, 10 Downing Street|last2=Starmer|first2=Keir|title=Joint Statement on a new Strategic Partnership between the Republic of Indonesia and the United Kingdom: 21 November 2024|date=21 November 2024|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-on-a-new-strategic-partnership-between-the-republic-of-indonesia-and-the-united-kingdom-21-november-2024|access-date=19 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241121133240/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-on-a-new-strategic-partnership-between-the-republic-of-indonesia-and-the-united-kingdom-21-november-2024|archive-date=21 November 2024|url-status=live}}

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Iran}}{{Date table sorting|1807}}See Iran–United Kingdom relations

File:PM meeting with President Rouhani of Iran at UNGA (29738823751).jpg Hassan Rouhani at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2016.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Iran on 5 June 1807.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Iran and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=March 2025}}

  • Iran maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=11 February 2021|title=Iran|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/iran/|access-date=16 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250311224337/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/iran/|archive-date=11 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Iran through its embassy in Tehran.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Tehran|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tehran|access-date=31 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801015938/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tehran|archive-date=1 August 2023|url-status=live}}

The UK governed southern Iran from 1941 until 1946.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have an Air Transport Agreement.{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=19 December 2013|title=Iran: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/iran-tax-treaties|access-date=16 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093414/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/iran-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}}

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Iraq}}{{Date table sorting|1932}}See Iraq–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Iraq Prime Minister Al-Sudani (54266379821).jpg Mohammed Shia Al Sudani in Downing Street, January 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Iraq on 4 October 1932.

  • Iraq maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Iraq through its embassy in Baghdad.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Baghdad|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-baghdad|access-date=4 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419020643/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-baghdad|archive-date=19 April 2023|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Iraq from 1921 until 1932, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement,{{cite web|last=Starmer|first=Keir|title=Joint Statement between the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and the Prime Minister of Iraq|date=14 January 2025|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-the-prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom-and-the-prime-minister-of-iraq|access-date=14 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114175408/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-the-prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom-and-the-prime-minister-of-iraq|archive-date=14 January 2025|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership.{{cite web|last=Raab|first=Dominic|title=Foreign Secretary signs UK-Iraq Strategic Partnership on visit|date=8 June 2021|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/foreign-secretary-signs-uk-iraq-strategic-partnership-on-visit|access-date=8 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608184538/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/foreign-secretary-signs-uk-iraq-strategic-partnership-on-visit|archive-date=8 June 2021|url-status=live}}

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Israel}}1948See Israel–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Sunak met with Prime Minister Netanyahu at 10 Downing Street in 2023.jpg Benjamin Netanyahu in Downing Street, March 2023.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Israel in 1950.{{Cite web |author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Israel |date=17 August 2024 |title=Bilateral relations |url=https://new.embassies.gov.il/england/en/the-embassy/bilateral-relations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240818013445/https://new.embassies.gov.il/england/en/the-embassy/bilateral-relations |archive-date=18 August 2024 |access-date=4 January 2025 |website=Embassy of Israel London}}

  • Israel maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Israel through its embassy in Tel Aviv.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Tel Aviv|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tel-aviv|access-date=4 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241224205200/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tel-aviv|archive-date=24 December 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Israel from 1921 until 1948, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the OECD, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Trade and Partnership Agreement,{{cite web|last=Odenheimer|first=Alisa|date=18 February 2019|title=U.K to Sign Post-Brexit Trade Continuity Accord with Israel|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-18/u-k-to-sign-post-brexit-trade-continuity-accord-with-israel|access-date=4 January 2025|website=Bloomberg|archive-date=18 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018212155/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-18/u-k-to-sign-post-brexit-trade-continuity-accord-with-israel|url-status=live}} a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement, and a Strategic Partnership.{{cite web|last=Dakers|first=Alex|title=UK-Israel strategic partnership explained as Sunak set to condemn Hamas attack|date=16 October 2023|website=The i Paper|url=https://inews.co.uk/news/why-uk-support-israel-strategic-partnership-government-gaza-conflict-2689814|access-date=4 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231016132537/https://inews.co.uk/news/why-uk-support-israel-strategic-partnership-government-gaza-conflict-2689814|archive-date=16 October 2023|url-status=live}} The two countries are currently negotiating a new Free Trade Agreement.{{cite news|last=Smout|first=Alistair|date=20 July 2022|title=Britain launches free trade talks with Israel|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/britain-launches-free-trade-talks-with-israel-2022-07-20/|website=Reuters|location=London|access-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220720132738/https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/britain-launches-free-trade-talks-with-israel-2022-07-20/|archive-date=20 July 2022|url-status=live}}

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Japan}}{{Date table sorting|1858}}See Japan–United Kingdom relations

File:DJ3A4533 (54150160089).jpg Shigeru Ishiba at a G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Japan on 26 August 1858.

  • Japan maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=3 August 2020|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/japan/|title=Japan|access-date=25 June 2025|website=Diplomat Magazine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004230/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/japan/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Japan through its embassy in Tokyo.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tokyo|title=British Embassy Tokyo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=13 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716235230/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tokyo|archive-date=16 July 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of CPTPP, the G7, the G20, the International Criminal Court, OECD, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement, a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=16 February 2015|title=Japan: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/japan-tax-treaties|access-date=16 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171823/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/japan-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} and a Reciprocal Access Agreement.

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Jordan}}{{Date table sorting|1946}}See Jordan–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets King of Jordan Abdullah II for a bilateral meeting in 10 Downing Street, London, United Kingdom on 6 November 2024 - 2.jpg Abdullah II in Downing Street, November 2024.]]

Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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Kazakhstan}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Kazakhstan–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends COP29 in Azerbaijan (54134866026).jpg Kassym-Jomart Tokayev at COP29 in Baku, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Kazakhstan on 19 January 1992.

  • Kazakhstan maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=12 November 2021|title=Kazakhstan|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/kazakhstan/|access-date=25 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250322221741/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/kazakhstan/|archive-date=22 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The UK is accredited to Kazakhstan through its embassy in Astana.{{cite web| url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-astana|title=British Embassy Astana|website=GOV.UK|access-date=25 March 2025|archive-date=23 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123165635/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-astana|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=6 January 2014|title=Kazakhstan: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/kazakhstan-tax-treaties|access-date=25 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093414/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/kazakhstan-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{cite web|title=Kazakhstan - United Kingdom BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2217/kazakhstan---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|access-date=25 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420134347/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2217/kazakhstan---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|archive-date=20 April 2021|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership and Cooperation Agreement.{{cite web|last=Eruygur|first=Burç|title=Kazakhstan, UK sign strategic partnership, cooperation agreement|date=24 April 2024|website=The Astana Times|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/kazakhstan-uk-sign-strategic-partnership-cooperation-agreement/3201504|access-date=25 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425004823/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/kazakhstan-uk-sign-strategic-partnership-cooperation-agreement/3201504|archive-date=25 April 2024|url-status=live}}

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Kuwait}}{{Date table sorting|1961}}See Kuwait–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends UNGA Day 2 (54024121800).jpg Sabah Al-Khalid Al-Sabah at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Kuwait on 8 November 1961.

  • Kuwait maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Kuwait through its embassy in Kuwait City.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Kuwait|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-doha|access-date=2 October 2024|archive-date=13 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913185111/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kuwait|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Kuwait from 1899 to 1961, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have signed an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |title=Kuwait - United Kingdom BIT (2009)|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bits/3519/kuwait---united-kingdom-bit-2009-|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=2 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812220615/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bits/3519/kuwait---united-kingdom-bit-2009-|archive-date=12 August 2022|url-status=live}} The UK and the Gulf Cooperation Council, of which Kuwait is a member, are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.

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Kyrgyzstan}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Kyrgyzstan–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Cameron visits Kyrgyzstan on 22 April 2024 - 8.jpg Jeenbek Kulubayev in Bishkek, April 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Kyrgyzstan on 12 June 1992.

  • Kyrgyzstan maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=3 April 2018|title=Kyrgyz Republic|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/kyrgyz-republic/|access-date=25 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513003948/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/kyrgyz-republic/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The UK is accredited to Kyrgyzstan through its embassy in Bishkek.{{cite web| url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bishkek|title=British Embassy Bishkek|website=GOV.UK|access-date=7 April 2024|archive-date=10 November 2023| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231110140515/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bishkek|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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Laos}}{{Date table sorting|1955}}See Laos–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy attends the ASEAN Foreign Ministers meeting in Laos (53882276921).jpg Saleumxay Kommasith in Vientiane, July 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Laos on 5 September 1955.

  • Laos maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|title=Lao People's Democratic Republic|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/lao-peoples-democratic-republic/|access-date=13 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513003709/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/lao-peoples-democratic-republic/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The UK is accredited to Laos through its embassy in Vientiane.{{cite web| url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-vientiane|title=British Embassy Vientiane|work=GOV.UK|access-date=5 May 2024|archive-date=3 May 2024|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240503160021/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-vientiane|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |title=Lao People's Democratic Republic - United Kingdom BIT (1995)|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2353/lao-people-s-democratic-republic---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=13 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501194939/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2353/lao-people-s-democratic-republic---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Lebanon}}{{Date table sorting|1942}}See Foreign relations of Lebanon

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Lebanon Prime Minister Najib Mikati for a bilateral meeting in 10 Downing Street in London, United Kingdom on 28 October 2024 - 1.jpg Najib Mikati in Downing Street, October 2024.]]

Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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Macao}}N/ASee Foreign relations of Macao

The UK established modern diplomatic relations with Macao on 20 December 1999.

  • Macao does not maintain a diplomatic mission in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Macao through a diplomatic mission; the UK develops relations through its Consulate General in Hong Kong.{{cite web |title=British Embassy Macao|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-macao|work=GOV.UK|access-date=16 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127022348/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-macao|archive-date=27 November 2024|url-status=live}}

Both share common membership of the World Trade Organization.

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Malaysia}}{{Date table sorting|1957}}See Malaysia–United Kingdom relations

File:David Cameron with Prime Minister of Malaysia (5937407122).jpg Najib Razak in Downing Street, July 2011.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Malaysia on 31 August 1957.

  • Malaysia maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the Malaysia through its high commission in Kuala Lumpur.{{cite web|title=British High Commission Kuala Lumpur|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kuala-lumpur|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705170500/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kuala-lumpur|archive-date=5 July 2024|access-date=6 July 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the Malaysia from 1826 to 1942 and 1945 to 1957, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, CPTPP, the Five Power Defence Arrangements, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/MY/Malaysia/GB/United-Kingdom|title=United Kingdom - Malaysia Tax Treaty (as amended by 2009 protocol)|website=Orbitax|access-date=15 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114001507/https://orbitax.com/assets/images/alert.png|archive-date=14 January 2025|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |title=Malaysia - United Kingdom BIT (1981)|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2491/malaysia---united-kingdom-bit-1981-|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=6 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004205433/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2491/malaysia---united-kingdom-bit-1981-|archive-date=4 October 2023|url-status=live}}

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Maldives}}{{Date table sorting|1965}}See Foreign relations of the Maldives

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends COP29 in Azerbaijan (54135015943).jpg Mohamed Muizzu at COP29 in Baku, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Maldives on 26 July 1965.

  • The Maldives maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|title=About the High Commission|work=High Commission of the Republic of the Maldives {{!}} London|url=https://www.maldiveshighcommission.uk/index.php/highcommission/about-the-highcommission|access-date=18 February 2024 |last1=User |first1=Super}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the Maldives through its high commission in Malé.{{cite web|title=British High Commission Malé|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-male|access-date=18 February 2024}}

The UK governed the Maldives from 1796 to 1965, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. The two countries are currently negotiating a free trade agreement.{{Cite web|date=10 May 2023|title=UK launches process to negotiate trade deal with the Republic of Maldives|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-launches-process-to-negotiate-trade-deal-with-the-republic-of-maldives|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 February 2024}}

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Mongolia}}{{Date table sorting|1963}}See Mongolia–United Kingdom relations

File:Mongolia visit by the United Kingdom Foreign Secretary David Cameron on 26 April 2024 - 28.jpg Battsetseg Batmunkh in Ulaanbaatar, April 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Mongolia on 23 January 1963.

  • Mongolia maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Monglia through its embassy in Ulaanbaatar.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Ulaanbaatar|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ulaanbaatar|access-date=6 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913225155/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ulaanbaatar|archive-date=13 September 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Air Services Agreement,{{cite web|author=British Embassy Ulaanbaatar|title=Air Services Agreement signed between UK and Mongolia|date=7 February 2024|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/air-services-agreement-signed-between-uk-and-mongolia|access-date=6 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240207085739/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/air-services-agreement-signed-between-uk-and-mongolia|archive-date=7 February 2024|url-status=live}} a Development Partnership, a Double Taxation Agreement,{{cite web|title=United Kingdom - Mongolia Tax Treaty (1996)|website=Orbitax|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GB/United%20Kingdom/MN/Mongolia/4ce05838dbd536ec2954f40f8367a01a/-Royalties_ARTICLE-12|access-date=6 February 2025}} and an Investment Agreement.{{cite web|title=Mongolia - United Kingdom BIT (1991)|website=UN Trade and Development|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2576/mongolia---united-kingdom-bit-1991-|access-date=6 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501194340/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2576/mongolia---united-kingdom-bit-1991-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Myanmar}}{{Date table sorting|1947}}See Myanmar–United Kingdom relations

File:May meets with Aung San Suu Kyi in 2016.jpg Aung San Suu Kyi in Downing Street, September 2016.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Myanmar on 7 July 1947.

  • Myanmar maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|title=Myanmar|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/myanmar/|access-date=23 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220062747/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/myanmar/|archive-date=20 February 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Myanmar through its embassy in Yangon.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Yangon|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-yangon|access-date=20 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619091928/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-yangon|archive-date=19 June 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Myanmar from 1824 to 1942 and 1945 to 1948, when Myanmar achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and a Double Taxation Agreement.{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=16 December 2013|title=Myanmar (Burma): tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/burma-tax-treaties|access-date=23 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093415/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/burma-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}}

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Nepal}}{{Date table sorting|4 March 1816}}See Nepal–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Nepal on 4 March 1816 with the ratification of the Treaty of Sugauli.

  • Nepal maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 November 2013|title=Nepal|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/nepal/|access-date=19 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429172616/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/nepal/|archive-date=29 April 2017|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Nepal through its embassy in Kathmandu.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Kathmandu|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kathmandu|access-date=12 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911232352/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kathmandu|archive-date=11 September 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2633/nepal---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|title=Nepal - United Kingdom BIT (1993)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=12 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224050625/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2633/nepal---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|archive-date=24 February 2024|url-status=live}}

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North Korea}}{{Date table sorting|2000}}See North Korea–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with North Korea on 12 December 2000.

  • North Korea maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=North Korea network|title=Inside North Korea's London embassy|website=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/04/inside-north-korea-london-embassy|date=4 November 2014|access-date=21 March 2024|archive-date=6 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141106064501/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/04/inside-north-korea-london-embassy|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to North Korea through its embassy in Pyongyang.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Pyongyang|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-pyongyang|access-date=26 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519225629/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-pyongyang|archive-date=19 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations.

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Oman}}{{Date table sorting|1971}}See Oman–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Haitham bin Tariq, the Sultan of Oman for a bilateral meeting in 10 Downing Street, London, United Kingdom 6 August 2024 - 2.jpg Haitham bin Tariq in 10 Downing Street, August 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Oman on 21 May 1971.

  • Oman maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=18 September 2020|title=Oman|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/oman/|access-date=12 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250306022946/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/oman/|archive-date=6 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Oman through its embassy in Muscat.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Muscat|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-muscat|access-date=23 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731014657/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-muscat|archive-date=31 July 2023|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Oman from 1891 until 1951, when Oman achieved full independence.{{cite web|title=A History of Oman|website=The Royal Air Force Museum|url=https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/research/online-exhibitions/an-enduring-relationship-a-history/a-history-of-oman/|access-date=7 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224053039/https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/research/online-exhibitions/an-enduring-relationship-a-history/a-history-of-oman/|archive-date=24 February 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Comprehensive Agreement on Enduring Friendship and Bilateral Cooperation,{{cite web|author=Foreign and Commonwealth Office|last2=Hunt|first2=Jeremy|date=23 May 2019|title=Oman: UK and Oman sign Comprehensive Agreement|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/oman-uk-and-oman-sign-comprehensive-agreement|access-date=12 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190523144925/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/oman-uk-and-oman-sign-comprehensive-agreement|archive-date=23 May 2019|url-status=live}} a Double Taxation Agreement,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=13 June 2016|title=Oman: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/oman-tax-treaties|access-date=12 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093415/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/oman-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2709/oman---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|title=Oman - United Kingdom BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=20 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531223426/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2709/oman---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|date=31 May 2022|archive-date=31 May 2023|url-status=live}} and a Mutual Defence Agreement.{{Cite web|author=Times News Service|date=28 May 2022|url=https://timesofoman.com/article/117249-oman-uk-sign-mutual-defence-agreement|title=Oman, UK sign mutual defence agreement|website=Times of Oman|access-date=20 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528071718/https://timesofoman.com/article/117249-oman-uk-sign-mutual-defence-agreement|archive-date=28 May 2022|url-status=live}} Both countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.

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Pakistan}}{{Date table sorting|1947}}See Pakistan–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends UNGA Day 2 (54023071436).jpg Shehbaz Sharif at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Pakistan on 14 August 1947.

  • Pakistan maintains a high commission in London, as well as consulates in Birmingham, Bradford, Glasgow, and Manchester.{{cite web|title=Home|work=Pakistan High Commission - London|url=https://www.phclondon.org/|access-date=29 February 2024}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Pakistan through its high commission in Islamabad, as well as a deputy high commission in Karachi.{{cite web|title=British High Commission Islamabad|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-islamabad|access-date=29 February 2024}}

The UK governed Pakistan from 1824 to 1947, as part of the British Raj which also included modern day India and Bangladesh, until it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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Palestine}}N/ASee Palestine–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends UNGA (54022912335).jpg Mahmoud Abbas at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2024.]]

The United Kingdom maintains a consulate in Jerusalem which handles British relations with the Palestinian Authority.{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/middle-east-north-africa/palestine-national-authority?profile=intRelations|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524170105/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/middle-east-north-africa/palestine-national-authority/?profile=intRelations|url-status=dead|title=Country Profile: The Occupied Palestinian Territories|archive-date=24 May 2011}} The Foreign and Commonwealth Office states the "Consular district covers Jerusalem (West and East), the West Bank and Gaza. As well as work on the Middle East Peace Process and other political issues, the consulate also promotes trade between the UK and the Occupied Palestinian Territories and manages an extensive programme of aid and development work. The latter is undertaken primarily by the DFID office in Jerusalem.".

The Palestinian Authority is represented in London by Manuel Hassassian, the Palestinian General Delegate to the United Kingdom.

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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Philippines}}{{Date table sorting|1946}}

|See Philippines–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy at the ASEAN summit in Malaysia (54649270111).jpg Tess Lazaro in Kuala Lumpur, July 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Philippines on 4 July 1946.

  • The Philippines maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the Philippines through its embassy in Manila.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Manila|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-manila|access-date=9 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408161454/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-manila|archive-date=8 April 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2770/philippines---united-kingdom-bit-1980-|title=Philippines - United Kingdom BIT (1980)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=6 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501194750/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2770/philippines---united-kingdom-bit-1980-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Qatar}}{{Date table sorting|1972}}See Qatar–United Kingdom relations

File:Qatar State Visit at Horse Guards 2024-12-03-12-18-A.jpg Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani in London, December 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Qatar on 24 May 1972.

  • Qatar maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|title=The Embassy|website=Qatar Embassy in London - United Kingdom|url=https://london.embassy.qa/en/embassy|access-date=2 March 2024|archive-date=2 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302002942/https://london.embassy.qa/en/embassy|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Qatar through its embassy in Doha.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Doha|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-doha|access-date=2 March 2024|archive-date=10 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510160211/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-doha|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Qatar from 1916 to 1971, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Climate Technology Partnership,{{cite web|last1=Reynolds|first1=Jonathan|last2=Starmer|first2=Keir|author1link=Jonathan Reynolds|author2link=Keir Starmer|title=Groundbreaking UK-Qatar climate technology partnership agreed|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/groundbreaking-uk-qatar-climate-technology-partnership-agreed|date=4 December 2024|website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204024721/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/groundbreaking-uk-qatar-climate-technology-partnership-agreed|archive-date=4 December 2024|url-status=live}} a Security Pact,{{cite web|last=Jones|first=Sam|title=UK and Qatar sign pact to combat jihadis and cyber warfare|url=https://www.ft.com/content/4d16d268-629b-11e4-9838-00144feabdc0|date=2 November 2014|website=Financial Times|access-date=11 May 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240115060830/https://www.ft.com/content/4d16d268-629b-11e4-9838-00144feabdc0|archive-date=15 January 2024|url-status=live}} a Strategic Investment Partnership,{{cite web|last=Johnson|first=Boris|title=Joint Communiqué: United Kingdom – The State of Qatar|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-communique-united-kingdom-the-state-of-qatar|date=24 May 2022|website=GOV.UK|access-date=11 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524173334/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-communique-united-kingdom-the-state-of-qatar|archive-date=24 May 2022|url-status=live}} and have signed an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3598/qatar---united-kingdom-bit-2009-|title=Qatar - United Kingdom BIT (2009)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=16 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222202953/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3598/qatar---united-kingdom-bit-2009-|archive-date=22 February 2024|url-status=live}} The UK and the Gulf Cooperation Council, of which Qatar is a member, are negotiating a free trade agreement.

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Saudi Arabia}}{{Date table sorting|1927}}See Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations

File:The Prime Minister arrives in Saudi Arabia (53270521280).jpg Mohammed bin Salman in Riyadh, October 2023.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Saudi Arabia on 20 May 1927.{{Cite news |date=26 September 1927 |title=Hejaz-Nejd Treaty signed with Great Britain |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/3881475 |access-date=26 September 2023 |newspaper=Argus |publisher=The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957) Mon 26 Sep 1927 |location=trove.nla.gov.au |pages=15 |edition=}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Saudi Arabia maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|title=Home|work=The Saudi Arabian Embassy in London|url=https://www.saudiarabiavisa.co.uk/saudi-embassy-consulates/london-united-kingdom/|access-date=19 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240811220024/https://www.saudiarabiavisa.co.uk/saudi-embassy-consulates/london-united-kingdom/|archive-date=11 August 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Saudi Arabia through its embassy in Riyadh, as well as a consulate general in Jeddah.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Riyadh|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-riyadh|access-date=19 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240906050239/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-riyadh|archive-date=6 September 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Critical Minerals Partnership,{{Cite web|last=Ravikumar|first=Sachin|url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/uk-sign-critical-minerals-partnership-with-saudi-arabia-2025-01-14/|date=14 January 2025|title=UK to sign critical minerals partnership with Saudi Arabia|location=London|website=Reuters|access-date=19 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114195100/https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/uk-sign-critical-minerals-partnership-with-saudi-arabia-2025-01-14/|archive-date=14 January 2025|url-status=live}} a Defence Agreement,{{Cite web|last=Allison|first=George|url=https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/uk-and-saudi-arabia-sign-new-defence-agreement/|date=2 March 2023|title=UK and Saudi Arabia sign new defence agreement|website=UK Defence Journal|access-date=19 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303021050/https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/uk-and-saudi-arabia-sign-new-defence-agreement/|archive-date=3 March 2023|url-status=live}} a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GB/United-Kingdom/SA/Saudi-Arabia|title=United Kingdom - Saudi Arabia Tax Treaty (2007)|website=Orbitax|access-date=19 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119011902/https://orbitax.com/favicon.ico|archive-date=19 January 2025|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership.{{Cite web|author=Kuwait News Agency|url=https://www.zawya.com/en/economy/gcc/saudi-arabia-uk-agree-to-strengthen-ties-increase-trade-exchange-to-375bln-by-2030-rx1s61wa|date=13 December 2023|title=Saudi Arabia, UK agree to strengthen ties, increase trade exchange to $37.5bln by 2030|website=Zawya|access-date=19 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250102114907/https://www.zawya.com/en/economy/gcc/saudi-arabia-uk-agree-to-strengthen-ties-increase-trade-exchange-to-375bln-by-2030-rx1s61wa|archive-date=2 January 2025|url-status=live}} Both countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.

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Singapore}}{{Date table sorting|1965}}See Singapore–United Kingdom relations

File:Lawrence Wong Singapore Prime Minister meets United Kingdom Prime Minister Keir Starmer at the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) in Apia, Samoa on 26 October 2024.jpg Lawrence Wong at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024.]]

Singapore and the United Kingdom share a friendly relationship since Singapore became independent from the United Kingdom in 1959. Singapore retained the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council as the final court of appeal up till 1989 (fully abolished in 1994) due to political reasons.

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South Korea}}{{Date table sorting|1949}}See South Korea–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends the G7 Summit in Canada (54596636936).jpg Lee Jae-myung at a G7 summit in Kananaskis, June 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with South Korea on 18 January 1949.

  • South Korea maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to South Korea through its embassy in Seoul.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-seoul|title=British Embassy Seoul|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240512051613/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-seoul|archive-date=12 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the G20, the International Criminal Court, OECD, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GB/United-Kingdom/SA/Saudi-Arabia|title=United Kingdom - Korea, Rep of Tax Treaty (1996)|website=Orbitax|access-date=24 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124002153/https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/KR/South%20Korea/GB/United%20Kingdom/4ee7b0f5-32d9-40fa-9f9f-de561d9a06d4/-Entry-into-force_ARTICLE-29|archive-date=24 January 2025|url-status=live}} the Downing Street Accord,{{cite news |last=Shin |first=Francis |date=7 December 2023|title=What's Next for the South Korea-UK Relationship? |url=https://thediplomat.com/2023/12/whats-next-for-the-south-korea-u-k-relationship/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240404175316/https://thediplomat.com/2023/12/whats-next-for-the-south-korea-u-k-relationship/ |archive-date=4 April 2024|access-date=24 January 2025 |website=The Diplomat}} and a Free Trade Agreement.{{cite web |last1=Jung-a|first1=Song|last2=Rovnick|first2=Naomi|last3=Giles|first3=Chris|title=South Korea agrees deal with UK for post-Brexit trade|url=https://www.ft.com/content/4e9e0b5e-8b1f-11e9-a1c1-51bf8f989972|website=Financial Times|location=Seoul; London|date=10 June 2019|access-date=16 March 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611130903/https://www.ft.com/content/4e9e0b5e-8b1f-11e9-a1c1-51bf8f989972|archive-date=11 June 2019|url-status=live}} The two countries are negotiating a new Free Trade Agreement.{{cite news|last1=Kim|first1=Sam|last2=White|first2=Lucy|date=20 November 2023|title=South Korea's Yoon to Talk AI in UK as Trade Negotiations Begin|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-11-20/south-korea-s-yoon-to-talk-ai-in-uk-as-trade-negotiations-begin#xj4y7vzkg|website=Bloomberg|access-date=20 November 2023|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120225928/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-11-20/south-korea-s-yoon-to-talk-ai-in-uk-as-trade-negotiations-begin|archive-date=20 November 2023|url-status=live}}

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Sri Lanka}}{{Date table sorting|1946}}See Sri Lanka–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Sri Lanka on 22 October 1946.

  • Sri Lanka maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Sri Lanka through its high commission in Colombo.{{cite web|title=British High Commission Colombo|work=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-colombo|access-date=7 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707052142/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-colombo|archive-date=7 July 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Sri Lanka from 1802 to 1948, until it achieved full independence as Ceylon.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2964/sri-lanka---united-kingdom-bit-1980-|title=Sri Lanka - United Kingdom BIT (1980)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=16 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531223506/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2964/sri-lanka---united-kingdom-bit-1980-|archive-date=31 May 2023|url-status=live}}

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|{{flag|Syria}}

{{Date table sorting|1942}}See Syria–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy visits Syria (54635430177).jpg Ahmed al-Sharaa in Damascus, July 2025.]]

Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.

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Taiwan}}N/ASee Taiwan–United Kingdom relations

The UK has not established formal diplomatic relations with Taiwan; the UK does not recognise Taiwan to be a sovereign nation.

  • Taiwan maintains the Taipei Representative Office in London, in addition to a branch office in Edinburgh.{{cite web|date=13 January 2023|title=Taiwan-UK Relations|url=https://www.roc-taiwan.org/uk_en/post/39.html|website=Taipei Representative Office in the U.K.|access-date=21 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421091358/https://roc-taiwan.org/uk_en/post/39.html|archive-date=21 April 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Taiwan through its office in Taipei.{{cite web|title=British Office Taipei|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-office-taipei|website=GOV.UK|access-date=21 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304122615/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-office-taipei|archive-date=4 March 2024|url-status=live}}

In 1950, the UK switched its recognition from the Republic of China (ROC) to the People's Republic of China (PRC).

Both countries share common membership of the World Trade Organization.

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Tajikistan}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Tajikistan–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Cameron visits Tajikistan (53671101690).jpg Sirojiddin Muhriddin in Dushanbe, April 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Tajikistan on 15 January 1992.

  • Tajikistan maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 November 2015|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/tajikistan/|title=Tajikistan|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=23 May 2025|archive-date=13 May 2025|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004142/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/tajikistan/|url-status=live}}
  • The UK is accredited to Tajikistan embassy in Dushanbe.{{cite web| url = https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dushanbe|title=British Embassy Dushanbe|website=GOV.UK|access-date=15 January 2024|archive-date = 6 May 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210506203159/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dushanbe| url-status = live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and a Double Taxation Agreement.{{cite web|author=HM Revenue & Customs|date=

14 January 2016|title=Tajikistan: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/tajikistan-tax-treaties|access-date=23 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250516090522/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/tajikistan-tax-treaties|archive-date=16 May 2025|url-status=live}}

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Thailand}}{{Date table sorting|1855}}

|See Thailand–United Kingdom relations

File:Downing Street (8185451853).jpg Yingluck Shinawatra in Downing Street, November 2012.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Thailand on 18 April 1855.

  • Thailand maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |url=https://london.thaiembassy.org/en/index|title=Home|website=Royal Thai Embassy in London, United Kingdom |access-date=4 March 2024}}
  • The UK is accredited to Thailand through its embassy in Bangkok.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bangkok|title=British Embassy Bangkok|work=GOV.UK|access-date=4 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304201435/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bangkok|archive-date=4 March 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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Turkey}}{{Date table sorting|1924}}See Turkey–United Kingdom relations

File:Starmer at NATO 2025-06-25-11-54.jpg Recep Tayyip Erdoğan at a NATO summit in The Hague, June 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Turkey on 2 September 1924.

  • Turkey maintains an embassy in London, and consulates generals in Edinburgh, London and Manchester.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Turkey through its embassy in Ankara, a consulate general in Istanbul, and an honorary vice consulate in Antalya. The United Kingdom also has a consulate in İzmir, and honorary consulates in Bodrum, Fethiye, and Marmaris.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ankara|title=British Embassy Ankara|website=GOV.UK|access-date=15 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514161240/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ankara|archive-date=14 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, G20, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Free Trade Agreement,{{cite web|last1=Pitel|first1=Laura|last2=Payne|first2=Sebastian|title=UK and Turkey to sign free trade deal this week|url=https://www.ft.com/content/f7a8a311-c149-4454-92f3-905df1e72e86|website=Financial Times|date=27 December 2020|access-date=26 February 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404174249/https://www.ft.com/content/f7a8a311-c149-4454-92f3-905df1e72e86|archive-date=4 April 2023|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/otheriia/3042/turkey---united-kingdom-bit-1991-|title=Turkey - United Kingdom BIT (1991)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=18 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818210912/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/otheriia/3042/turkey---united-kingdom-bit-1991-|archive-date=18 August 2022|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Turkmenistan}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Foreign relations of Turkmenistan

The UK established diplomatic relations with Turkmenistan on 23 January 1992.

  • Turkmenistan maintains an embassy in London.
  • The UK is accredited to Turkmenistan through its embassy in Ashgabat.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ashgabat|title=British Embassy Ashgabat|work=GOV.UK|access-date=7 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807050433/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ashgabat|archive-date=7 August 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the OSCE, and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3048/turkmenistan---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|title=Turkmenistan - United Kingdom BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=7 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203231713/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3048/turkmenistan---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|archive-date=3 December 2022|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

United Arab Emirates}}{{Date table sorting|1971}}See United Arab Emirates–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer visit to the Middle East region (54191613987).jpg

The UK established diplomatic relations with the United Arab Emirates on 6 December 1971.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=June 2025}}

  • The United Arab Emirates maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|title=United Arab Emirates|website=Diplomat Magazine|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/united-arab-emirates/|access-date=20 June 2025|archive-date=13 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004213/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/united-arab-emirates/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the United Arab Emirates through its embassies in Abu Dhabi and Dubai.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Abu Dhabi|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-abu-dhabi|access-date=17 June 2024|archive-date=10 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810164710/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-abu-dhabi|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=British Embassy Dubai|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dubai|access-date=17 June 2024|archive-date=2 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102044551/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dubai|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the United Arab Emirates from 1920 to 1971, when the United Arab Emirates achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Accord,{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/united-kingdom-united-arab-emirates-joint-communique-a-partnership-for-the-future|title=Bilateral Relationship|website=UAE Embassy in the UK|access-date=6 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240803045906/https://www.mofa.gov.ae/en/Missions/London/UAE-Relationships/Bilateral-Relationship|archive-date=3 August 2024|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/3058/united-arab-emirates---united-kingdom-bit-1992-|title=United Arab Emirates - United Kingdom BIT (1992)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304111337/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/3058/united-arab-emirates---united-kingdom-bit-1992-|archive-date=4 March 2024|url-status=live}} and a Partnership for the Future.{{Cite press release|last=Johnson|first=Boris|author-link=Boris Johnson|date=16 September 2021|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/united-kingdom-united-arab-emirates-joint-communique-a-partnership-for-the-future|title=United Kingdom – United Arab Emirates Joint Communiqué: a Partnership for the Future|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916153418/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/united-kingdom-united-arab-emirates-joint-communique-a-partnership-for-the-future|archive-date=16 September 2021|url-status=live}} Both countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Uzbekistan}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See United Kingdom–Uzbekistan relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy meets Uzbek Foreign Minister Bakhtiyor Saidov.jpg Bakhtiyor Saidov at COP29 in Baku, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Uzbekistan on 18 February 1992.

  • Uzbekistan maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=https://www.uzembassy.uk/page/314|title=About the Embassy|website=

Embassy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|access-date=17 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330060305/https://www.uzembassy.uk/page/314|archive-date=30 March 2024|url-status=live}}

  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Uzbekistan through its embassy in Tashkent.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tashkent|title=British Embassy Tashkent|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241205105744/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tashkent|archive-date=5 December 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the OSCE, and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Double Taxation Agreement,{{cite web|url=https://www.orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GB/United%20Kingdom/UZ/Uzbekistan/64cce468-20e4-4b0b-ab47-e8a93d938867/-Personal-Scope_%5B*%5DARTICLE-1|title=United Kingdom - Uzbekistan Tax Treaty (as amended by 2018 Protocol)|website=Orbitax|access-date=31 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250131020253/https://www.orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GB/United%20Kingdom/UZ/Uzbekistan/64cce468-20e4-4b0b-ab47-e8a93d938867/-Personal-Scope_[*]ARTICLE-1|archive-date=31 January 2025|url-status=live}} and a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement.{{cite web|last=Pincher|first=Christopher|date=31 October 2019|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/united-kingdom-and-uzbekistan-sign-partnership-and-cooperation-agreement|title=UK and Uzbekistan sign partnership and co-operation agreement|website=GOV.UK|access-date=17 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031150126/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/united-kingdom-and-uzbekistan-sign-partnership-and-cooperation-agreement|archive-date=31 October 2019|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Vietnam}}{{Date table sorting|1973}}See United Kingdom–Vietnam relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy at the ASEAN summit in MalaysiaImage 2025-07-11 at 13.38.54 (1) (54649270066).jpg Bùi Thanh Sơn in Kuala Lumpur, July 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Vietnam on 11 September 1973.

  • Vietnam maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 December 2014|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/vietnam/|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=2 April 2025|title=Vietnam|archive-date=29 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429173056/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/vietnam/|url-status=live}}
  • The UK is accredited to Vietnam through its embassy in Hanoi, and a Consulate General in Ho Chi Minh City.{{cite web|title=British Embassy Hanoi|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-embassy-hanoi|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 December 2015|archive-date=10 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310085024/https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-embassy-hanoi|url-status=live}}

The UK occupied Southern Vietnam and Saigon from 1945 to 1946.

Both countries share common membership of CPTPP, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=22 February 2007|title=Vietnam: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/vietnam-tax-treaties|access-date=2 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328113308/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/vietnam-tax-treaties|archive-date=28 March 2019|url-status=live}} a Free Trade Agreement,{{cite news|last=Nguyen|first=Quynh|title=U.K., Vietnam Reach Free-Trade Deal as Brexit Deadline Looms|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-11/u-k-vietnam-reach-free-trade-deal-as-brexit-deadline-looms?leadSource=uverify%20wall|website=Bloomberg|date=11 December 2020|access-date=11 June 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514145003/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-11/u-k-vietnam-reach-free-trade-deal-as-brexit-deadline-looms?leadSource=uverify%20wall|archive-date=14 May 2024|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/3066/united-kingdom---viet-nam-bit-2002-|title=United Kingdom - Viet Nam BIT (2002)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=29 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224070828/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/3066/united-kingdom---viet-nam-bit-2002-|archive-date=24 February 2024|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership.{{cite news|author=Vietnam News Agency|author-link=Vietnam News Agency|title=UK-Vietnam strategic partnership makes remarkable progress|url=https://en.vietnamplus.vn/vietnam-uk-see-new-opportunities-to-strengthen-strategic-partnership-post300554.vnp|location=London|website=Vietnam+|date=18 October 2020|access-date=26 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126142932/https://en.vietnamplus.vn/vietnam-uk-see-new-opportunities-to-strengthen-strategic-partnership-post300554.vnp|archive-date=26 November 2024|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Yemen}}{{Date table sorting|1951}}See United Kingdom–Yemen relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Yemen on 24 October 1951.{{Cite book |title=The Statesman's Year-book |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=1951 |volume=91 |pages=1508}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Yemen and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=April 2025}}

  • Yemen maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/republic-of-yemen/|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=5 April 2025|title=Yemen|archive-date=29 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429172620/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/middle-east-asia/republic-of-yemen/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Yemen through its embassy in Sana'a.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-sana-a|title=British Embassy Sana'a|website=GOV.UK|access-date=29 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628161430/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-sana-a|archive-date=28 June 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the southern Yemen from 1837 to 1967, when it achieved full independence as South Yemen.

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3067/united-kingdom---yemen-bit-1982-|title=United Kingdom - Yemen BIT (1982)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=29 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207165551/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3067/united-kingdom---yemen-bit-1982-|archive-date=7 December 2022|url-status=live}}

= Europe =

class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
style="width:15%;"| Country

! style="width:12%;"| Since

!Notes

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|{{#invoke:flag

Albania}}{{Date table sorting|1921}}See Albania–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Albania President Bajram Begaj (54521430145).jpg Bajram Begaj in Tirana, May 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Albania on 9 November 1921.

  • Albania maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 May 2016|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/albania/|title=Albania|access-date=9 March 2025|website=Diplomat Magazine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429153413/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/albania/|archive-date=29 April 2017|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Albania through its embassy in Tirana.{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tirana|title=British Embassy Tirana|access-date=8 June 2024|website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607163940/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tirana|archive-date=7 June 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=1 December 2013|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/albania-tax-treaties|title=Albania: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=9 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093412/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/albania-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/46/albania---united-kingdom-bit-1994-|title=Albania - United Kingdom BIT (1994)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004033311/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/46/albania---united-kingdom-bit-1994-|archive-date=4 October 2023|url-status=live}} a Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement,{{cite web|last1=Morton|first1=Wendy|last2=Jayawardena|first2=Ranil|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-albania-sign-agreement-to-deepen-economic-relationship-and-political-efforts-to-tackle-serious-organised-crime|title=UK and Albania sign Agreement to deepen economic relationship and political efforts to tackle serious organised crime|access-date=6 February 2021|date=5 February 2021|website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118104608/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-albania-sign-agreement-to-deepen-economic-relationship-and-political-efforts-to-tackle-serious-organised-crime|archive-date=18 January 2024|url-status=live}} a Readmission Agreement, and an Agreement on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Andorra}}{{Date table sorting|1994}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.exteriors.ad/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=394:europa&catid=38&Itemid=56&lang=en|title=Permanent Mission of Andorra in Geneva|website=www.exteriors.ad|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=21 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721165348/http://www.exteriors.ad/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=394%3Aeuropa&catid=38&Itemid=56&lang=en|url-status=live}}See Foreign relations of Andorra

  • The United Kingdom's consulate-general in Barcelona handles the United Kingdom's consular activities in Andorra.{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/barcelona|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018090212/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/barcelona|url-status=live}}
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|{{#invoke:flag

Austria}}{{Date table sorting|1799}}See Austria–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Rishi Sunak in Vienna (53736458889).jpg Karl Nehammer in Vienna, May 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Austria on 8 November 1919.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Austria and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=April 2025}}

  • Austria maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=15 July 2016|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/austria/|title=Austria|access-date=10 March 2025|website=Diplomat Magazine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429172226/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/austria/|archive-date=29 April 2017|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Austria through its embassy in Vienna.{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tirana|title=British Embassy Vienna|access-date=10 April 2025|website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250405183220/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-vienna|archive-date=5 April 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=1 January 2007|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/austria-tax-treaties|title=Austria: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093412/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/austria-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Belarus}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Belarus–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Belarus on 27 January 1992.

  • Belarus maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |author=Diplomat Magazine|date=20 May 2019|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/belarus/|title=Belarus|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=10 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250304223424/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/belarus/|archive-date=4 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Belarus through its embassy in Minsk.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-minsk|title=British Embassy Minsk|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250306110559/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-minsk|archive-date=6 March 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the OSCE, and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=23 December 2007|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/belarus-tax-treaties|title=Belarus: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250306092224/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/belarus-tax-treaties|archive-date=6 March 2025|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/456/belarus---united-kingdom-bit-1994-|title=Belarus - United Kingdom BIT (1994)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=10 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501194051/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/456/belarus---united-kingdom-bit-1994-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Belgium}}{{Date table sorting|1830}}See Belgium–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Sunak met with Belgian PM De Croo at Number 10 in 2024.jpg Alexander De Croo in Downing Street, January 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Belgium on 1 December 1830.

  • Belgium maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Embassy of Belgium in the United Kingdom|date=21 February 2024|url=https://unitedkingdom.diplomatie.belgium.be/en/embassy-and-consulates/embassy-london|title=Embassy in London|website=Embassy of Belgium in the United Kingdom|access-date=21 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527093914/https://unitedkingdom.diplomatie.belgium.be/en/embassy-and-consulates/embassy-london|archive-date=27 May 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Belgium through its embassy in Brussels.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-brussels|title=British Embassy Brussels|website=GOV.UK|access-date=21 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213191206/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-brussels|archive-date=13 December 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,{{Cite x|name=U.S. Department of State | Science Diplomacy USA|user=SciDiplomacyUSA|number=1726709400398967019|date=20 November 2023|title=The Partnership for Atlantic Cooperation welcomes Belgium as its newest member! The United States looks forward to working with Belgium on shared issues facing the Atlantic region.|url=https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1726709400398967019|access-date=12 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240412133548/https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1726709400398967019|archive-date=12 April 2024|url-status=live}} Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Classified Information Protection Agreement,{{Cite web|author=Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office|date=10 August 2023|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ukbelgium-agreement-concerning-the-protection-of-classified-information-ts-no282023|title=UK/Belgium: Agreement concerning the Protection of Classified Information|website=GOV.UK|access-date=21 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518075038/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ukbelgium-agreement-concerning-the-protection-of-classified-information-ts-no282023|archive-date=18 May 2024|url-status=live}} and a Maritime Cooperation Agreement.{{Cite web|author=The Brussels Times with Belga|date=10 August 2023|url=https://www.brusselstimes.com/771015/belgium-signs-maritime-cooperation-agreement-with-united-kingdom|title=Belgium signs maritime cooperation agreement with United Kingdom|website=The Brussels Times|access-date=21 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241221144656/https://www.brusselstimes.com/771015/belgium-signs-maritime-cooperation-agreement-with-united-kingdom|archive-date=21 December 2024|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Bosnia and Herzegovina}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Bosnia and Herzegovina–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina on 13 April 1992.

  • Bosnia and Herzegovina maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/bosnia-and-herzegovina/|title=Bosnia and Herzegovina|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=23 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250401184544/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/bosnia-and-herzegovina/|archive-date=1 April 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Bosnia and Herzegovina through its embassy in Sarajevo.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-sarajevo|title=British Embassy Sarajevo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=27 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725170209/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-sarajevo|archive-date=25 July 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the OSCE. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=

25 August 1996|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/bosnia-herzegovina-tax-treaties|title=Bosnia-Herzegovina: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171728/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/bosnia-herzegovina-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/634/bosnia-and-herzegovina---united-kingdom-bit-2002-|title=Bosnia and Herzegovina - United Kingdom BIT (2002)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=27 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923064622/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/634/bosnia-and-herzegovina---united-kingdom-bit-2002-|archive-date=23 September 2023|url-status=live}} and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.

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Bulgaria}}{{Date table sorting|1879}}See Bulgaria–United Kingdom relations

File:Rumen Radev attends the 2019 NATO Summit in Watford (1).jpg Rumen Radev at a NATO summit in London, December 2019.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Bulgaria on 23 July 1879.

  • Bulgaria maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Bulgaria through its embassy in Sofia.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-sofia|title=British Embassy Sofia|website=GOV.UK|access-date=8 April 2024|archive-date=8 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408041413/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-sofia|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/720/bulgaria---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|title=Bulgaria - United Kingdom BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=18 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501194555/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/720/bulgaria---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership.{{Cite web|last=Cleverly|first=James|author-link=James Cleverly|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-bulgaria-to-bolster-cooperation-through-signing-of-new-joint-declaration|date=

24 October 2023|title=UK and Bulgaria to bolster cooperation through signing of new joint declaration|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024155030/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-bulgaria-to-bolster-cooperation-through-signing-of-new-joint-declaration|archive-date=24 October 2023|url-status=live}}

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Croatia}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Croatia–United Kingdom relations

File:Johnson and PM Plenković at Downing Street.jpg Andrej Plenković in Downing Street, February 2020.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Croatia on 24 June 1992.

  • Croatia maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Croatia through its embassy in Zagreb.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-zagreb|title=British Embassy Zagreb|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 January 2024|archive-date=14 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114014350/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-zagreb|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|author=Orbitax|date=15 December 2015 |url=https://orbitax.com/news/archive.php/Tax-Treaty-between-Croatia-and-18796|title=Tax Treaty between Croatia and the UK has Entered into Force|website=Orbitax|access-date=10 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250110002911/https://orbitax.com/news/archive.php/Tax-Treaty-between-Croatia-and-18796|archive-date=10 January 2025|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1111/croatia---united-kingdom-bit-1997-|title=Croatia - United Kingdom BIT (1997)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=10 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501192722/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1111/croatia---united-kingdom-bit-1997-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Czechia}}{{Date table sorting|1993}}See Czech Republic–United Kingdom relations

File:Czech Republic Prime Minister Petr Fiala with Prime Minister Keir Starmer at a bilateral meeting as he attends the European Political Community Summit at Budapest, Hungary on 7 November 2024.jpg Petr Fiala at a European Political Community summit in Budapest, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Czechia on 26 October 1918.

  • Czechia maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |author=Diplomat Magazine|date=6 November 2019|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/czech-republic/|title=Czech Republic|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=30 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004126/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/czech-republic/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Czechia through its embassy in Prague.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-prague|title=British Embassy Prague|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 December 2024|archive-date=10 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241110054841/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-prague|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=29 October 2007|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/czech-republic-tax-treaties|title=Czech Republic: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171749/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/czech-republic-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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Denmark}}{{Date table sorting|1401}}See Denmark–United Kingdom relations

File:Starmer meets Frederiksen at Downing Street 2025-02-04-18-48.jpg Mette Frederiksen in Downing Street, February 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Denmark on 25 October 1401.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Denmark and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations. It simply states when Peder Lykke was Danish ambassador to the UK|date=February 2025}}

  • Denmark maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark|author-link=Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark)|url=https://storbritannien.um.dk/en/culture|title=Culture|website=Denmark in the United Kingdom|access-date=4 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913090243/https://storbritannien.um.dk/en/culture|archive-date=13 September 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Denmark through its an embassy in Copenhagen.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-copenhagen|title=British Embassy Copenhagen|website=GOV.UK|access-date=26 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240926090153/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-copenhagen|archive-date=26 September 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.{{Cite web|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/DK/Denmark/GB/United%20Kingdom/dd4fd500-d2ea-4fdf-8d18-8e93ab85ca58/-Entry-into-Force_ARTICLE-29|title=Denmark - United Kingdom Tax Treaty (as amended through 1996 protocol)|website=Orbitax|access-date=4 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250204044347/https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/DK/Denmark/GB/United%20Kingdom/dd4fd500-d2ea-4fdf-8d18-8e93ab85ca58/-Entry-into-Force_ARTICLE-29|archive-date=4 February 2025|url-status=live}}

The two countries have a sovereignty dispute over the Rockall Bank.

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Estonia}}{{Date table sorting|1991}}See Estonia–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends the JEF Summit (54210148708).jpg Kristen Michal at a JEF summit in Tallinn, December 2024.]]

The UK re-established diplomatic relations with Estonia on 5 September 1991.

  • Estonia maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Estonia through its embassy in Tallinn.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tallinn|title=British Embassy Tallinn|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405171448/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-tallinn|archive-date=5 April 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Agreement,{{Cite web|last=Hankewitz|first=Sten|date=13 October 2023|url=https://estonianworld.com/security/estonia-and-the-uk-sign-a-long-term-defence-cooperation-agreement/|title=Estonia and the UK sign a long-term defence cooperation agreement|website=Estonian World|access-date=22 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023094139/https://estonianworld.com/security/estonia-and-the-uk-sign-a-long-term-defence-cooperation-agreement/|archive-date=23 October 2023|url-status=live}} and a Double Taxation Agreement.{{Cite web|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/ee/estonia/gb/united%20kingdom/3a285b56c5cdbaa77f4952aaf84625d7/-Elimination-of-Double-Taxatio_ARTICLE-23|title=United Kingdom - Estonia Tax Treaty (1994)|website=Orbitax|access-date=22 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250122001013/https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/ee/estonia/gb/united%20kingdom/3a285b56c5cdbaa77f4952aaf84625d7/-Elimination-of-Double-Taxatio_ARTICLE-23|archive-date=22 January 2025|url-status=live}}

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European Union}}N/ASee European Union–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission for a bilateral at the European Commission in Brussels, Belgium on 2 October 2024 - 1.jpg Ursula von der Leyen in Brussels, October 2024.]]

The UK was a founding member of the European Union on 1 November 1993; it seceded on 1 January 2021.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/31/world/europe/brexit-britain-leaves-EU.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131231006/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/31/world/europe/brexit-britain-leaves-EU.html |archive-date=31 January 2020|url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=At the Stroke of Brexit, Britain Steps, Guardedly, Into a New Dawn|last1=Landler|first1=Mark|date=31 January 2020|work=The New York Times|access-date=31 January 2020|last2=Castle|first2=Stephen-US|issn=0362-4331|last3=Mueller|first3=Benjamin}}

Both the EU and the UK share common membership of the G7, G20, and the World Trade Organization.

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Faroe Islands}}N/ASee Foreign relations of the Faroe Islands

  • The Faroe Islands maintains a representation in London.{{cite web |url=https://www.government.fo/en/foreign-relations/relations-with-the-united-kingdom|title=Relations with the United Kingdom|access-date=17 January 2025|website=Government of the Faroe Islands|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250205191455/https://www.government.fo/en/foreign-relations/relations-with-the-united-kingdom|archive-date=5 February 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the Faroe Islands through its consulate in Tórshavn.{{cite web |url=https://www.british-consulate.net/uk/United-Kingdom-Consular-Assistance-Torshavn|title=British Consulate in Torshavn|access-date=17 February 2025|website=British-Consulate.Net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241014220906/https://www.british-consulate.net/uk/United-Kingdom-Consular-Assistance-Torshavn|archive-date=14 October 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK occupied Faroe Islands from 1940 until 1945, when the Faroe Islands were returned to Denmark.

Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web |author=HM Revenue & Customs|date=3 March 2010|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/faroes-tax-treaties|title=Faroes: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=17 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328113536/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/faroes-tax-treaties|archive-date=28 March 2019|url-status=live}} and a Free Trade Agreement.{{cite web|title=UK and Faroe Islands sign trade continuity agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-faroe-islands-sign-trade-continuity-agreement|author1=Department for International Trade|last2=Hollinbery|first2=Sir George|last3=Eustice|first3=George|date=1 February 2019|website=GOV.UK|access-date=16 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201232129/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-faroe-islands-sign-trade-continuity-agreement|archive-date=1 February 2019|url-status=live}}

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Finland}}{{Date table sorting|1919}}See Finland–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets President Stubb of Finland (54421876531).jpg Alexander Stubb in Downing Street, March 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Finland on 28 March 1919.

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a mutual defence agreement,{{Cite web|last=Adler|first=Katya|date=11 May 2022|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-61408700|title=UK agrees mutual security deals with Finland and Sweden|website=BBC News|access-date=20 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511125045/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-61408700|archive-date=11 May 2022|url-status=live}} and a strategic partnership agreement.{{Cite web|last=Mucklejohn|first=Piers|date=20 May 2024|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/david-cameron-finland-russia-ukraine-london-b2547742.html|title=UK and Finland to sign new agreement vowing support for Ukraine against Russia|website=The Independent|access-date=20 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520130602/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/david-cameron-finland-russia-ukraine-london-b2547742.html|archive-date=20 May 2024|url-status=live}}

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France}}{{Date table sorting|1396}}See France–United Kingdom relations

File:Ukraine conference in Paris 2025-02-17-14-56-D.jpg Emmanuel Macron in Paris, February 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with France in 1396.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when France and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

  • France maintains an embassy in London, and consulates general in London and Edinburgh.{{cite web|author=French Embassy in London|url=https://uk.ambafrance.org/-The-Embassy-|title=The Embassy|website=France in the United Kingdom|access-date=12 February 2024|archive-date=7 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100207194743/http://www.ambafrance-uk.org/spip.php?page=sommaire&id_rubrique=2|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to France through its embassy in Paris, and consulates in Bordeaux and Marseille.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-paris|title=British Embassy Paris|website=GOV.UK|access-date=9 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809031658/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-paris|archive-date=9 August 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the G7, the G20, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have the Combined Joint Expeditionary Force, a Double Taxation Convention,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=7 January 2010|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/france-tax-treaties|title=France: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250130212928/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/france-tax-treaties|archive-date=30 January 2025|url-status=live}} the Lancaster House Treaties, and Maritime Boundary Agreements in the Caribbean and the Pacific.

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Germany}}{{Date table sorting|1951}}See Germany–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets German Chancellor Olaf Scholz (53954349060).jpg Olaf Scholz in Berlin, August 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Federal Republic of Germany on 20 June 1951.

  • Germany maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=https://uk.diplo.de/uk-en/01/embassy|title=German Embassy London|website=German Missions in the United Kingdom|access-date=24 March 2024|archive-date=31 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531050457/https://uk.diplo.de/uk-en/01/embassy|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to an embassy in Berlin, and consulates generals in Düsseldorf and Munich.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-berlin|title=British Embassy Berlin|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202052542/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-berlin|archive-date=2 February 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the G7, the G20, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=25 May 2013|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/germany-tax-treaties|title=Germany: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171800/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/germany-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} and the Trinity House Defence Agreement.{{cite web|author1=Ministry of Defence|last2=Healey|first2=John|authorlink1=Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|authorlink2=John Healey|date=22 October 2024|title=Landmark UK-Germany defence agreement to strengthen our security and prosperity|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/landmark-uk-germany-defence-agreement-to-strengthen-our-security-and-prosperity|website=GOV.UK|access-date=26 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113042359/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/landmark-uk-germany-defence-agreement-to-strengthen-our-security-and-prosperity|archive-date=13 November 2024|url-status=live}}

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Greece}}{{Date table sorting|1834}}See Greece–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis for a meeting in 10 Downing Street in London, United Kingdom on 3 December 2024 - 2.jpg Kyriakos Mitsotakis in Downing Street, December 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Greece on in 1834.{{Cite web |author=Hellenic Republic |date=9 December 2020 |title=General Information |url=https://www.mfa.gr/uk/en/greece/greece-and-the-uk/general-information.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226104400/https://www.mfa.gr/uk/en/greece/greece-and-the-uk/general-information.html |archive-date=26 December 2024 |access-date=28 January 2025 |website=Greece in the UK}}{{Better source needed|reason=The source only states the year when Greece and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Greece maintains an embassy in London, and honorary consulates in Belfast, Birmingham, Edinburgh, Gibraltar, Glasgow, and Leeds.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Greece through its embassy in Athens, and vice consulates in Corfu, Crete, Rhodes, Thessaloniki, and Zakynthos.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-athens|title=British Embassy Athens|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250127205052/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-athens|archive-date=27 January 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the Ionian Islands from 1815 to 1864, when they were ceded to Greece.

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence and Security Agreement,{{Cite web|author=Ministry of Defence|author-link=Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|date=7 February 2023|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-greece-seek-strengthened-defence-partnership|title=UK and Greece seek strengthened Defence partnership|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207184449/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-greece-seek-strengthened-defence-partnership|archive-date=7 February 2023|url-status=live}} a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|url=https://www.orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GR/Greece/GB/United-Kingdom|title=United Kingdom - Greece Tax Treaty (1953)|website=Orbitax|access-date=28 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250128175034/https://www.orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GR/Greece/GB/United-Kingdom|archive-date=28 January 2025|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Bilateral Framework.{{Cite web|author1=Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office|last2=Docherty|first2=Leo|author2-link=Leo Docherty|date=30 January 2024|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-greece-bolster-trade-and-security-cooperation|title=UK and Greece bolster trade and security cooperation|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130163411/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-greece-bolster-trade-and-security-cooperation|archive-date=30 January 2024|url-status=live}}

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Holy See}}{{Date table sorting|1982}}See Holy See–United Kingdom relations

With the English Reformation, diplomatic links between London and the Holy See, which had been established in 1479, were interrupted in 1536 and again, after a brief restoration in 1553, in 1558. Formal diplomatic ties between the United Kingdom and the Holy See were restored in 1914 and raised to ambassadorial level in 1982.{{Cite web|url=http://ukinholysee.fco.gov.uk/en/working-with-holy-see/relations2/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020015109/http://ukinholysee.fco.gov.uk/en/working-with-holy-see/relations2/|url-status=dead|title=British Embassy to the Holy See: "UK-Holy See relations"|archive-date=20 October 2012}}{{cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/europe/holy-see?profile=all|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224034006/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/europe/holy-see?profile=all|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-12-24|title=Holy See|access-date=2008-09-17|quote=Formal diplomatic links between the United Kingdom and the Holy See were first established in 1479 when John Shirwood was appointed as the first resident Ambassador. Shirwood was also the first English Ambassador to serve abroad, making the embassy to the Holy See the oldest embassy in the UK diplomatic service.|publisher=Foreign and Commonwealth Office}}

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Hungary}}{{Date table sorting|1921}}See also Hungary–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Hungary on 22 May 1921.

  • Hungary maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |author=Diplomat Magazine|date=18 September 2018|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/hungary/|title=Hungary|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=14 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250501003349/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/hungary/|archive-date=1 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Hungary through its embassy in Budapest.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-budapest|title=British Embassy Budapest|website=GOV.UK|access-date=7 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226202738/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-budapest|archive-date=26 December 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web |author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=5 March 2012|title=Hungary: tax treaties|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hungary-tax-treaties|access-date=14 May 2025|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171805/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hungary-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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Iceland}}{{Date table sorting|1940}}See Iceland–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Iceland on 8 May 1940.

  • Iceland maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |url=https://www.government.is/diplomatic-missions/embassy-of-iceland-in-london/|title=Embassy of Iceland in London|website=Government of Iceland|language=en-GB|access-date=7 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606121250/https://www.government.is/diplomatic-missions/embassy-of-iceland-in-london/|archive-date=6 June 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Iceland through its embassy in Reykjavík.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-reykjavik|title=British Embassy Reykjavik|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|access-date=7 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240208074243/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-reykjavik|archive-date=8 February 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK occupied Iceland from 10 May 1940 until July 1941, when the United States assumed responsibility of the country.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/timeline/factfiles/nonflash/a1126496.shtml|title=Fact File : Britain Garrisons Iceland|website=BBC|language=en-GB|access-date=7 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603230322/https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/timeline/factfiles/nonflash/a1126496.shtml|archive-date=3 June 2024|url-status=live}}

The two countries have a sovereignty dispute over the Rockall Bank.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, Joint Expeditionary Force, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{Cite web |author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=12 December 2012|title=Iceland: tax treaties|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/iceland-tax-treaties|access-date=2 March 2025|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093414/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/luxembourg-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}} and a Free Trade Agreement.{{cite press release|author=Department for International Trade|last2=Jayawardena|first2=Ranil|date=8 July 2021|title=United Kingdom signs free trade deal with Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/united-kingdom-signs-free-trade-deal-with-norway-iceland-and-liechtenstein|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|access-date=22 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320202210/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/iceland-tax-treaties|archive-date=20 March 2019|url-status=live}}

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Ireland}}{{Date table sorting|1922}}See Ireland–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Irish Taoiseach (53863701738).jpg Simon Harris in Downing Street, July 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Ireland on 6 December 1922.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Ireland and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=March 2025}}

  • Ireland maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web |url=https://www.ireland.ie/en/greatbritain/london/|website=Embassy of Ireland, Great Britain|title=About the Embassy|access-date=31 March 2024|archive-date=27 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327091650/https://www.ireland.ie/en/greatbritain/london/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Ireland through its an embassy in Dublin.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dublin|title=British Embassy Dublin|website=GOV.UK|access-date=31 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118104954/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-dublin|archive-date=18 January 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Ireland from the 12th century until 1800, when it was incorporated into the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland achieved full independence on the 6 December 1922.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Common Travel Area, and the Good Friday Agreement. The two countries have a sovereignty dispute over the Rockall Bank.

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Italy}}{{Date table sorting|1859}}See Italy–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Italian PM Giorgia Meloni (53999654154).jpg Giorgia Meloni in Rome, September 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Italy on 13 April 1859.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Italy and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=April 2025}}

  • Italy maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |author=Diplomat Magazine|date=20 May 2019|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/italy/|title=Italy|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=6 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250331162542/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/italy/|archive-date=31 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Italy through its embassy in Rome, and a consulate general in Milan.{{cite web|url=http://ukinitaly.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations-in-italy/|title=British Embassy Rome|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 April 2025|archive-date=11 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250311180848/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-rome|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, G7, G20, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Export and Investment Partnership,{{Cite web|last=Smout|first=Alistair|date=8 February 2023|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/britain-italy-sign-export-investment-partnership-2023-02-08/|title=Britain and Italy sign export and investment partnership|website=Reuters|location=London|access-date=6 April 2025|archive-date=22 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222043104/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/britain-italy-sign-export-investment-partnership-2023-02-08/|url-status=live}} and a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=6 August 2006|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/italy-tax-treaties|title=Italy: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 April 2025|archive-date=21 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093414/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/italy-tax-treaties|url-status=live}}

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Kosovo}}{{Date table sorting|2008}}See Kosovo–United Kingdom relations

  • Kosovo has a Consular Mission in London.{{Cite web|url=http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,67|title=Consular Missions Of The Republic Of Kosovo - Diplomatic Missions - Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=13 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513154127/http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,67|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom has an embassy in Pristina.{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/office-pristina|title=Worldwide organisations - GOV.UK|website=www.fco.gov.uk|access-date=2016-10-09|archive-date=4 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104051222/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/find-an-embassy/europe/office-pristina|url-status=live}}

Bilaterally the two countries have a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.

When Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008, the United Kingdom became one of the first countries to officially announce recognition of sovereign Kosovo on 18 February 2008.{{cite web |title=UK to recognise independent Kosovo - PM |url=http://www.pm.gov.uk/output/Page14594.asp |date=18 February 2008 |access-date=2008-05-09 |publisher=United Kingdom Prime Minister's Office, 10 Downing Street |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510070233/http://www.pm.gov.uk/output/Page14594.asp |archive-date=10 May 2008 |df=dmy-all}}{{cite news|author=Nicholas Kulish and C. J. Chivers|title=Kosovo Is Recognized but Rebuked by Others|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/europe/19kosovo.html?ref=world|date=19 February 2008|access-date=2008-05-09|work=The New York Times|archive-date=16 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416023644/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/europe/19kosovo.html?ref=world|url-status=live}} The United Kingdom has had an embassy in Pristina since 5 March 2008.{{cite web|url=http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1163672154378|title=British Embassy in Pristina, Kosovo|publisher=Foreign and Commonwealth Office|access-date=2008-05-09|archive-date=20 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720152927/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage&c=Page&cid=1163672154378|url-status=live}} Kosovo has an embassy in London since 1 October 2008.

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Latvia}}{{Date table sorting|1991}}See Foreign relations of Latvia

File:Ministru prezidenta Valda Dombrovska tikšanās ar Apvienotās Karalistes Ministru prezidentu Deividu Kameronu (8515580200).jpg Valdis Dombrovskis in Riga, February 2013.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Latvia on 5 September 1991.

  • Latvia maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Latvia through its embassy in Riga.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-riga|title=British Embassy Riga|website=GOV.UK|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608080422/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-riga|archive-date=8 June 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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Lithuania}}{{Date table sorting|1991}}See Lithuania–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy meets Lithuania's Foreign Minister Kęstutis Budrys (54381039987).jpg Kęstutis Budrys in London, March 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Lithuania on 4 September 1991.

  • Lithuania maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |author=Diplomat Magazine|date=17 September 2019|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/lithuania/|title=Lithuania|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=11 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250501003218/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/lithuania/|archive-date=1 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Lithuania through its embassy in Vilnius.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-vilnius|title=British Embassy Vilnius|website=GOV.UK|access-date=19 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213191246/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-vilnius|archive-date=13 February 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2433/lithuania---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|title=Lithuania - United Kingdom BIT (1993)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=27 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528224440/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2433/lithuania---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|archive-date=28 May 2024|url-status=live}}

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Luxembourg}}{{Date table sorting|1879}}See Foreign relations of Luxembourg

File:Jean Asselborn, Luxembourg Minister of Foreign Affairs (5383877883).jpg Jean Asselborn in London, January 2011.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Luxembourg on 27 November 1879.{{Cite book |title=The Foreign Office List and Diplomatic and Consular Year Book |publisher=Harrison |year=1912 |pages=452–453}}{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Luxembourg and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

  • Luxembourg maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=https://londres.mae.lu/en/ambassades.html|title=Embassy|website=Embassy of Luxembourg in London|date=4 October 2019 |access-date=25 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241218211559/https://londres.mae.lu/en/ambassades.html|archive-date=18 December 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Luxembourg through its embassy in Luxembourg City.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-in-luxembourg|title=British Embassy Luxembourg|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250113194538/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-in-luxembourg|archivedate=13 January 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web |author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=27 December 2013|title=Luxembourg: tax treaties|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/luxembourg-tax-treaties|access-date=25 February 2025|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093414/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/luxembourg-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}}

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Malta}}{{Date table sorting|1964}}See Malta–United Kingdom relations

File:Tallinn Digital Summit. Round table Joseph Muscat, Theresa May (36683076524).jpg Joseph Muscat in Tallinn, September 2017.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Malta on 7 September 1964.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Malta and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=March 2025}}

  • Malta maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=30 January 2017|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/malta/|title=Malta|website=Diplomat Magazine|language=en-GB|access-date=26 March 2025|archive-date=22 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250322221741/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/malta/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Malta through its high commission in Valletta.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-malta|title=British High Commission Malta|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|access-date=10 April 2024|archive-date=10 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240410041351/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-malta|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Malta from 1800 until 1964, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Bilateral Cooperation Framework,{{cite web|last=Scicluna|first=Christopher|date=10 February 2023|title=Britain, Malta sign deal covering defence, migration|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/britain-malta-sign-deal-covering-defence-migration-2023-02-10/|location=Valletta|website=Reuters|language=en-GB|access-date=6 December 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210133803/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/britain-malta-sign-deal-covering-defence-migration-2023-02-10/|archive-date=10 February 2023|url-status=live}} and a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web |author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=27 December 2013|title=Malta: tax treaties|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/malta-tax-treaties|access-date=26 March 2025|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093414/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/malta-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}}

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Moldova}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Moldova–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy and President of Moldova Maia Sandu (54154006225).jpg Maia Sandu in Chișinău, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Moldova on 17 January 1992.

  • Moldova maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 December 2015|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/moldova/|title=Moldova|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=15 June 2025|archive-date=13 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004345/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/moldova/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Moldova through its embassy in Chişinău.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-chisinau|title=British Embassy Chisinau|website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240513161848/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-chisinau|archive-date=13 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, and a Strategic Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement.{{cite web|last1=Morton |last2= Jayawardena |first1=Wendy |first2= Ranil|date=24 December 2020|title=UK and Moldova sign Strategic Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-moldova-sign-strategic-partnership-trade-and-cooperation-agreement |website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224141524/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-moldova-sign-strategic-partnership-trade-and-cooperation-agreement|archive-date=24 December 2020|url-status=live}}

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Monaco}}{{Date table sorting|2007}}See Foreign relations of Monaco

The UK established diplomatic relations with Monaco on 21 September 2007.

  • Monaco maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|url=https://embassy-to-uk.gouv.mc/en/the-embassy|title=The Embassy|website=Ambassade de Monaco au Royaume Uni|access-date=1 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240301050122/https://embassy-to-uk.gouv.mc/en/the-embassy|archive-date=1 March 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Monaco through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Paris, France.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/monaco|title=UK help and services in Monaco|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930233251/https://www.gov.uk/world/monaco|archive-date=30 September 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the United Nations, and the OSCE.

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Montenegro}}{{Date table sorting|2006}}See Montenegro–United Kingdom relations

File:President Djukanović of Montenegro (32243865358).jpg with Montenegrin President Milo Đukanović in London, November 2018.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Montenegro on 13 June 2006.

  • Montenegro maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Montenegro through its embassy in Podgorica.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-podgorica|title=British Embassy Podgorica|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530170046/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-podgorica|archive-date=30 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=1 March 1989|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/montenegro-tax-treaties|title=Montenegro: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171857/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/montenegro-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.

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Netherlands}}{{Date table sorting|1603}}See Netherlands–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Dutch PM Dick Schoof (54313093289).jpg Dick Schoof in 10 Downing Street, February 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Netherlands on 1 April 1603.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when the Netherlands and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=December 2024}}

  • The Netherlands maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 December 2015|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/netherlands/|title=Netherlands|access-date=8 July 2025|website=Diplomat Magazine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250524090404/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/netherlands/|archive-date=24 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the Netherlands through its embassy in The Hague.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-the-hague|title=British Embassy The Hague|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 June 2024|archive-date=6 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406234943/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-the-hague|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web |author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=1 September 2014|title=Netherlands: tax treaties|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/netherlands-tax-treaties|access-date=8 July 2025|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428224828/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/netherlands-tax-treaties|archive-date=28 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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North Macedonia}}{{Date table sorting|1993}}See North Macedonia–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends EPC summit (54523659763).jpg Hristijan Mickoski at a European Political Community summit in Tirana, May 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with North Macedonia on 16 December 1993.

  • North Macedonia maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|url=https://london.mfa.gov.mk/en|title=Embassy of the Republic of North Macedonia in Great Britain|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of North Macedonia|access-date=6 August 2024|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928185210/https://london.mfa.gov.mk/en/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to North Macedonia through its embassy in Skopje.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-skopje|title=British Embassy Skopje|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 August 2024|archive-date=30 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030120036/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-skopje|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement.{{cite web|last=Morton|first=Wendy|title=North Macedonia and UK sign Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/north-macedonia-and-uk-sign-partnership-trade-and-cooperation-agreement|date=3 December 2020|website=GOV.UK|access-date=16 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203131738/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/north-macedonia-and-uk-sign-partnership-trade-and-cooperation-agreement|archive-date=3 December 2020|url-status=live}}

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Norway}}{{Date table sorting|1905}}See Norway–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer visits Norway (54208108691).jpg Jonas Gahr Støre in Bergen, December 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Norway on 6 November 1905.

  • Norway maintains an embassy in London, and an honoury consulate general in Edinburgh.{{cite web|url=https://www.norway.no/en/uk/services-info/norway-uk/|title=Norway in the United Kingdom|website=Norway in the United Kingdom|access-date=14 December 2024|archive-date=10 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910014334/https://www.norway.no/en/uk/services-info/norway-uk/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Norway through its embassy in Oslo.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-oslo|title=British Embassy Oslo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 February 2024|archive-date=10 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310004205/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-oslo|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Free Trade Agreement, a Green Partnership,{{Cite web|author=Norway in the United Kingdom|url=https://www.norway.no/en/uk/news-events/green-partnership/|date=20 October 2023|title=Norway enters into green partnership with the UK|website=Norway in the United Kingdom|access-date=14 December 2024|archive-date=1 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240901174047/https://www.norway.no/en/uk/news-events/green-partnership/|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership Agreement.{{Cite web |author1=Prime Minister's Office, 10 Downing Street|last2=Starmer|first2=Keir|date=16 December 2024|title=PM meeting with Prime Minister Støre of Norway: 16 December 2024|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/pm-meeting-with-prime-minister-store-of-norway-16-december-2024|access-date=16 December 2024|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216151024/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/pm-meeting-with-prime-minister-store-of-norway-16-december-2024|archive-date=16 December 2024|url-status=live}}

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Poland}}{{Date table sorting|1919}}See Poland–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime minister Keir Starmer meets Poland PM Donald Tusk (54272245015).jpg Donald Tusk in Warsaw, January 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Poland on 15 July 1919.

  • Poland maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Poland through its embassy in Warsaw.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-lisbon|title=British Embassy Warsaw|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118113528/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-warsaw|archive-date=18 January 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, Trilateral Security Pact, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence and Security Agreement,{{Cite web|author1=Prime Minister's Office, 10 Downing Street|last2=Starmer|first2=Keir|date=17 January 2025|title=UK and Poland to launch new defence and security treaty in Warsaw|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-poland-to-launch-new-defence-and-security-treaty-in-warsaw|access-date=17 January 2025|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117113514/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-poland-to-launch-new-defence-and-security-treaty-in-warsaw|archive-date=17 January 2025|url-status=live}} a Double Tax Convention,{{Cite web |author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=29 December 2006|title=Poland: tax treaties|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/poland-tax-treaties|access-date=21 February 2025|website=GOV.UK|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250130213008/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/poland-tax-treaties|archive-date=30 January 2025|url-status=live}} and a Strategic Partnership.{{Cite web |author=Poland MFA Press Office|date=5 July 2023|title=Poland-UK strategic partnership|url=https://www.gov.pl/web/unitedkingdom/poland-uk-strategic-partnership|access-date=21 February 2025|website=gov.pl|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706222930/https://www.gov.pl/web/unitedkingdom/poland-uk-strategic-partnership|archive-date=6 July 2023|url-status=live}}

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Portugal}}{{Date table sorting|1386}}See Portugal–United Kingdom relations

File:Portuguese President and PM view Treaty of Windsor.jpg Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa in Downing Street, November 2016.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Portugal on 9 May 1386.

  • Portugal maintains an embassy and a consulate general in London and consulates in Belfast, Edinburgh, Hamilton and St Helier.{{cite web|url=https://londres.embaixadaportugal.mne.gov.pt/en/consular-services/general-information|title=General information|website=Embassy of Portugal in the United Kingdom|access-date=4 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314183207/https://londres.embaixadaportugal.mne.gov.pt/en/consular-services/general-information|archive-date=14 March 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Portugal through its embassy in Lisbon, and a vice consulate in Portimão.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-lisbon|title=British Embassy Lisbon|website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603100144/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-lisbon|archive-date=3 June 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Alliance.

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Romania}}{{Date table sorting|1880}}See Romania–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Romania on 20 February 1880.

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Romanian PM Marcel Ciolacu (54136604307).jpg Marcel Ciolacu in 10 Downing Street, November 2024.]]

  • Romania maintains an embassy in London, and consulate generals in Edinburgh and Manchester. Romania also maintains honorary consulates in Hirwaun, Leeds, Morpeth-Newcastle and Southampton.{{Cite web|url=http://www.mae.ro/en/romanian-missions#843|title=Romanian Missions {{!}} Ministry of Foreign Affairs|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania|access-date=9 November 2024|archive-date=1 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201165542/http://mae.ro/en/romanian-missions/#843|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Romania through its embassy in Bucharest.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bucharest|title=British Embassy Bucharest|website=GOV.UK|access-date=9 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241010062906/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bucharest|archive-date=10 October 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Agreement,{{Cite web|last=Lynch|first=David|date=13 November 2024|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/keir-starmer-romania-john-healey-ukraine-downing-street-b2646527.html|title=UK and Romania sign defence treaty aimed at strengthening support for Ukraine|website=The Independent|access-date=28 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113165839/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/keir-starmer-romania-john-healey-ukraine-downing-street-b2646527.html|archive-date=13 November 2024|url-status=live}} and a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=

30 December 2013|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/romania-tax-treaties|title=Romania: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171918/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/romania-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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Russia}}{{#invoke:dts|main|1553}}See Russia–United Kingdom relations

File:Vladimir Putin and Theresa May (2016-09-04) 03.jpg Vladimir Putin in Hangzhou, September 2016.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Russia on 24 August 1553.

  • Russia maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Russia through its embassy in Moscow, and a consulate in Yekaterinburg.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-moscow|title=British Embassy Moscow|website=GOV.UK|access-date=20 May 2024|archive-date=11 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240511143407/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-moscow|url-status=live}}

In March 2022, the United Kingdom was added to Russia's unfriendly countries list.{{Cite web|author=Al Jazeera|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/8/russia-deals-with-unfriendly-countries-require-moscow-approval|date=8 March 2022|title=Russia issues list of 'unfriendly' countries amid Ukraine crisis|website=Al Jazeera|access-date=20 May 2024|archive-date=8 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308075007/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/8/russia-deals-with-unfriendly-countries-require-moscow-approval|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the European Court of Human Rights, G20, the OSCE, the UNSC P5 and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2861/russian-federation---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|title=Russian Federation - United Kingdom BIT (1989)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=2 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227032932/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2861/russian-federation---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|archive-date=27 February 2024|url-status=live}}

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San Marino}}{{Date table sorting|1899}}See San Marino–United Kingdom relations

  • San Marino has a consulate general in London.{{cite web|url=http://san-marino.visahq.com/embassy/United-Kingdom/|title=Embassy of San Marino in United Kingdom|website=san-marino.visahq.com|access-date=23 July 2009|archive-date=18 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918054826/http://san-marino.visahq.com/embassy/United-Kingdom/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom has a consulate general to San Marino in Rome.{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/embassies-and-posts/find-an-embassy-overseas/north-and-central-america/san-marino|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080908000835/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/embassies-and-posts/find-an-embassy-overseas/north-and-central-america/san-marino|url-status=dead|title=British Foreign Office website|archive-date=8 September 2008}}
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Serbia}}{{Date table sorting|1870}}See Serbia–United Kingdom relations

File:Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Serbia (6417852491).jpg Vuk Jeremić in London, November 2011.]]

The UK established full diplomatic relations with Serbia on 7 February 1870.

  • Serbia maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=2 February 2018|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/serbia/|title=Serbia|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=2 July 2025|archive-date=19 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250519011829/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/serbia/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Serbia through its embassy in Belgrade.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-belgrade|title=British Embassy Belgrade|website=GOV.UK|access-date=3 November 2024|archive-date=27 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240927035417/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-belgrade|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, OSCE and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=2 March 2014|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/serbia-tax-treaties|title=Serbia: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=9 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171925/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/serbia-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2899/serbia---united-kingdom-bit-2002-|title=Serbia - United Kingdom BIT (2002)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=18 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240927060833/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2899/serbia---united-kingdom-bit-2002-|archive-date=27 September 2024|url-status=live}} a Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement,{{cite web|author1=Department for International Trade|last2=Morton|first2=Wendy|last3=Stuart|first3=Graham|date=19 April 2021|title=Serbia: UK and Serbia sign Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/serbia-uk-and-serbia-sign-partnership-trade-and-cooperation-agreement|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404174309/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/serbia-uk-and-serbia-sign-partnership-trade-and-cooperation-agreement|archive-date=4 April 2023|url-status=live}} and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.

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Slovakia}}{{Date table sorting|1993}}See Slovakia–United Kingdom relations

File:Theresa May at Slovakia July 2016.jpg Robert Fico in Bratislava, July 2016.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Slovakia on 1 January 1993.

  • Slovakia maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=25 April 2017|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/slovak-republic/|title=Slovak Republic|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=4 July 2025|archive-date=13 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004138/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/slovak-republic/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Slovakia through its embassy in Bratislava.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-budapest|title=British Embassy Bratislava|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 April 2024|archive-date=29 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429161334/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bratislava|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=2 February 2012|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/slovak-republic-tax-treaties|title=Slovak Republic: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=19 February 2025|archive-date=30 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250130213014/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/slovak-republic-tax-treaties|url-status=live}}

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Slovenia}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Slovenia–United Kingdom relations

File:Vrh zveze Nato v Vilni (53039045216).jpg Robert Golob at a NATO summit in Vilnius, July 2023.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Slovenia on 15 January 1992.

  • Slovenia maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=2 July 2019|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/slovenia/|title=Slovenia|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=26 February 2025|archive-date=19 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250219035518/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/slovenia/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Slovenia through its embassy in Ljubljana.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ljubljana|title=British Embassy Ljubljana|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 November 2024|archive-date=29 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429161334/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-https://web.archive.org/web/20241010061447/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-ljubljana|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=26 September 2008|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/slovenia-tax-treaties|title=Slovenia: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=26 February 2025|archive-date=11 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011195736/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/slovenia-tax-treaties|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/otheriia/2937/slovenia---united-kingdom-bit-1996-|title=Slovenia - United Kingdom BIT (1996)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=10 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620021522/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/otheriia/2937/slovenia---united-kingdom-bit-1996-|archive-date=20 June 2024|url-status=live}}

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Sovereign Military Order of Malta}}{{Date table sorting|2024}}See Foreign relations of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

The UK established official relations with Sovereign Military Order of Malta on 7 September 1964.

  • The Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintains the Grand Priory of England in London.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta through a mission.
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Spain}}{{Date table sorting|1505}}See Spain–United Kingdom relations

File:Pedro Sánchez and Boris Johnson at 2021 NATO Summit (2).jpg Pedro Sánchez at a NATO summit in Brussels, June 2021.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Spain in 1505.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Spain and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Spain maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=8 May 2017|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/spain/|title=Spain|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=14 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250311224509/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/spain/|archive-date=11 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Spain through its embassy in Madrid, a consulate general Barcelona, and consulates in Alicante, Ibiza, Las Palmas, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, and Santa Cruz de Tenerife.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-madrid|title=British Embassy Madrid|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420140738/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-madrid|archive-date=20 April 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=24 May 2006|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/spain-tax-treaties|title=Spain: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 March 2025|archive-date=6 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250306092722/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/spain-tax-treaties|url-status=live}}

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Sweden}}{{Date table sorting|1653}}See Sweden–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Ulf Kristersson (54513798582).jpg Ulf Kristersson in Downing Street, May 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Sweden on 23 December 1653.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Sweden and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=May 2025}}

  • Sweden maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=19 September 2023|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/sweden/|title=Sweden|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=18 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004250/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/europe/sweden/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Sweden through its embassy in Stockholm.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-stockholm|title=British Embassy Stockholm|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250208101022/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-stockholm|archive-date=8 February 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=

17 December 2013|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/sweden-tax-treaties|title=Sweden: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171939/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/sweden-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} a Mutual Defence Agreement, and a Strategic Partnership.{{Cite web|author=Prime Minister's Office|date=13 October 2023|url=https://www.government.se/articles/2023/10/strengthened-partnership-between-united-kingdom-and-sweden/|title=Strengthened partnership between United Kingdom and Sweden|website=Government Offices of Sweden|access-date=18 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241106180320/https://www.government.se/articles/2023/10/strengthened-partnership-between-united-kingdom-and-sweden/|archive-date=6 November 2024|url-status=live}}

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Switzerland}}{{Date table sorting|1891}}See Switzerland–United Kingdom relations

File:The Prime Minister Attends the Summit on Peace in Ukraine (53793351728).jpg Viola Amherd at a Ukraine peace summit in Bürgenstock Resort, June 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Switzerland in 1891.{{Better source needed|reason=The source only states the year when Switzerland and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=June 2025}}

  • Switzerland maintains an embassy in London, an honorary consulate general in Edniburgh, and honorary consulates in Belfast, Bermuda, Cardiff, the Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, and Manchester.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Switzerland through its embassy in Bern.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-berne|title=British Embassy Berne|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317134335/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-berne|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have the Berne Financial Services Agreement, a Double Taxation Convention,{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=9 February 2011|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/switzerland-tax-treaties|title=Switzerland: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 February 2025|archive-date=23 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160723170940/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/switzerland-tax-treaties|url-status=live}} and a Trade Agreement.{{cite web|last=Pickard|first=Jim|title=UK signs biggest trade deal since Brexit vote with Switzerland|url=https://www.ft.com/content/2341f6e8-2dd5-11e9-ba00-0251022932c8|date=11 February 2019|website=Financial Times|access-date=16 March 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212054904/https://www.ft.com/content/2341f6e8-2dd5-11e9-ba00-0251022932c8|archive-date=12 February 2019|url-status=live}} The two countries are currently negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.{{cite news|last1=Milligan|first1=Ellen|last2=Benrath|first2=Bastian|title=UK Kicks Off Trade Talks With Switzerland to Boost Services|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-05-14/uk-s-kemi-badenoch-flies-to-switzerland-to-start-negotiations-for-new-trade-deal|website=Bloomberg|date=14 May 2023 |access-date=17 March 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515011238/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-05-14/uk-s-kemi-badenoch-flies-to-switzerland-to-start-negotiations-for-new-trade-deal|archive-date=15 May 2023|url-status=live}}

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Ukraine}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Ukraine–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer visits Ukraine (54272036602).jpg with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Kyiv, January 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Ukraine on 10 January 1992.

  • Ukraine maintains an embassy in London, and a consulate in Edinburgh.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Ukraine through its embassy in Kyiv.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kyiv|title=British Embassy Kyiv|website=GOV.UK|access-date=9 May 2024|archive-date=6 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406230243/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-kyiv|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, OSCE, Trilateral Security Pact, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership, a Security Agreement,{{Cite web|last1=Miller|first1=Christopher|last2=Fisher|first2=Lucy|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8d55de91-8afc-4720-90f4-d38a78ae6648|title=Rishi Sunak announces UK military aid to Ukraine will increase to £2.5bn|date=12 January 2024|website=Financial Times|access-date=9 May 2024|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112105533/https://www.ft.com/content/8d55de91-8afc-4720-90f4-d38a78ae6648|archive-date=12 January 2024|url-status=live}} and a Political, Free Trade and Strategic Partnership Agreement.{{cite web|last1=Johnson|first1=Boris|last2=Truss|first2=Elizabeth|title= UK and Ukraine sign Political, Free Trade and Strategic Partnership Agreement |url= https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-ukraine-sign-political-free-trade-and-strategic-partnership-agreement |website=GOV.UK|date=8 October 2020|access-date=3 January 2024|archive-date=8 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008142110/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-ukraine-sign-political-free-trade-and-strategic-partnership-agreement|url-status=live}}

= North America =

class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
style="width:15%;" | Country

! style="width:12%;" | Since

!Notes

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Antigua and Barbuda}}{{Date table sorting|1981}}See Antigua and Barbuda–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Antigua and Barbuda on 1 November 1981. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Antigua and Barbuda maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web |url=https://antigua-barbuda.com/|title=Home|website=Antigua and Barbuda High Commission London|access-date=6 February 2024}}
  • United Kingdom is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda through its high commission in Saint John's.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-st-johns|title=British High Commission St John's|website=GOV.UK|access-date=6 February 2024}}

The UK governed Antigua and Barbuda from 1632 to 1981, when Antigua and Barbuda achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.{{cite web|last=Partington|first=Richard|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/mar/22/uk-secures-post-brexit-trade-deal-with-group-of-caribbean-countries|website=The Guardian|title=UK secures post-Brexit trade deal with group of Caribbean countries|date=22 March 2019|access-date=11 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829163029/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/mar/22/uk-secures-post-brexit-trade-deal-with-group-of-caribbean-countries|archive-date=29 August 2023|url-status=live}}

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Bahamas}}{{Date table sorting|1973}}See Bahamas–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Bahamas on 10 July 1973. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • The Bahamas maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=17 September 2019|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/bahamas/|title=Bahamas|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=24 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004341/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/bahamas/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the Bahamas through its high commission in Nassau.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-nassau|title=British High Commission Nassau|website=GOV.UK|access-date=25 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250125110335/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-nassau|archive-date=25 January 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the Bahamas from 1648 to 1973, when the Bahamas achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Tax Information Exchange Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://www.bahamashclondon.net/the-bahamas-signs-tax-information-exchange-agreement-with-the-united-kingdom/|title=The Bahamas Signs Tax Information Exchange Agreement with the United Kingdom|website=The Bahamas High Commission London|access-date=25 January 2025|archive-date=25 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250125232103/https://www.bahamashclondon.net/the-bahamas-signs-tax-information-exchange-agreement-with-the-united-kingdom/|url-status=live}}

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Barbados}}{{Date table sorting|1966}}See Barbados–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends UNGA Day 2 (54023864383).jpg Mia Mottley at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Barbados on 30 November 1966.

  • Barbados maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=3 April 2018|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/barbados/|title=Barbados|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=12 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004356/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/barbados/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Barbados through its high commission in Bridgetown.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-barbados|title=British High Commission Bridgetown|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801110255/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-barbados|archive-date=1 August 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Barbados from 1625 to 1966, when Barbados achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/402/barbados---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|title=Barbados - United Kingdom BIT (1993)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=1 August 2024|archive-date=4 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604015226/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/402/barbados---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|url-status=live}}

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Belize}}{{Date table sorting|1981}}See Belize–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary William Hague with Belizean Prime Minister, Dean Barrow in London, 27 June 2013.jpg Dean Barrow in London, June 2013.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Belize on 21 September 1981. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Belize maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 February 2016|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/belize/|title=Belize|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=7 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004045/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/belize/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Belize from its high commission in Belmopan.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-belmopan|title=British High Commission Belmopan|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240513153717/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-belmopan|archive-date=13 May 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Belize from 1783 to 1981, when Belize achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,{{Cite x|name=U.S. Department of State | Science Diplomacy USA|user=SciDiplomacyUSA|number=1758160423080140926|date=15 February 2024|title=In 🇧🇿, Ambassador Lapenn welcomed the newest member of the Partnership for Atlantic Cooperation, meeting with govt officials & NGOs to discuss sustainable economic development, scientific collaboration, & environmental conservation opportunities among the Atlantic community.|url=https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1758160423080140926|access-date=12 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240412134513/https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1758160423080140926|archive-date=12 April 2024|url-status=live}} Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Agreement,{{Cite web|last1=Miller|first1=Phil|last2=Kennard|first2=Matt|date=4 February 2020|url=https://www.declassifieduk.org/exclusive-britain-uses-vast-swathes-of-one-of-the-worlds-most-biodiverse-countries-for-military-training-and-pays-nothing/|title=Exclusive: Britain uses vast swashes of one the world's most biodiverse countries for military training — and pays nothing|website=Declassified UK|access-date=23 July 2024|archive-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224062656/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/561/belize---united-kingdom-bit-1982-|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/561/belize---united-kingdom-bit-1982-|title=Belize - United Kingdom BIT (1982)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=23 July 2024|archive-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224062656/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/561/belize---united-kingdom-bit-1982-|url-status=live}}

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Canada}}{{Date table sorting|1926}}See Canada–United Kingdom relations

File:Starmer and Carney 2025-03-17-18-44.jpg Mark Carney in Downing Street, March 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Canada on 1 July 1926.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Canada and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}} Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Canada maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=Canada|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/canada/|date=2 February 2020|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=14 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004044/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/canada/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Canada through its high commission in Ottawa, and consulate generals in Calgary, Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-ottawa|title=British High Commission Ottawa|website=GOV.UK|access-date=26 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425152637/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-ottawa|archive-date=25 April 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Canada from 1783 to 1931, when Canada achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the Commonwealth, CPTPP, Five Eyes, the G7, the G20, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the UKUSA Agreement, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/canada-tax-treaties|date=25 January 2015|title=Canada: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=14 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171734/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/canada-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} and a Trade Continuity Agreement.{{cite web|last=Cameron-Chileshe|first=Jasmine|website=Financial Times|location=London|title=UK and Canada seal rollover trade deal|url=https://www.ft.com/content/45d3f14f-3f1f-4155-b217-c6145bb88754|date=21 November 2020|url-access=subscription|access-date=26 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201121175120/https://www.ft.com/content/45d3f14f-3f1f-4155-b217-c6145bb88754|archive-date=21 November 2020|url-status=live}}

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Costa Rica}}1848See Costa Rica–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Costa Rica on 28 February 1848.

  • Costa Rica maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=Costa Rica|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/costa-rica/|date=1 February 2014|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=25 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429171411/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/costa-rica/|archive-date=29 April 2017|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Costa Rica from its embassy in San José.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-in-costa-rica|title=British Embassy San Jose|website=GOV.UK|access-date=25 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250424100153/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-in-costa-rica|archive-date=24 April 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the International Criminal Court, the OECD, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement.{{cite web|author=

Foreign & Commonwealth Office|title=UK and Central America sign continuity agreement|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-central-america-sign-continuity-agreement|date=18 July 2019|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718222318/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-central-america-sign-continuity-agreement|archive-date=18 July 2019|url-status=live}} Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1056/costa-rica---united-kingdom-bit-1982-|title=Costa Rica - United Kingdom BIT (1982)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=25 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501192805/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1056/costa-rica---united-kingdom-bit-1982-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Cuba}}{{Date table sorting|1902}}See Cuba–United Kingdom relations

File:Cuban Ambassador to the United Kingdom (8241540248).jpg

The UK established diplomatic relations with Cuba on 20 May 1902.

  • Cuba maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=Cuba|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/cuba/|date=30 April 2019|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=25 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513003936/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/cuba/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • United Kingdom is accredited to Cuba from its embassy in Havana.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-havana|title=British Embassy Havana|website=GOV.UK|access-date=3 April 2024|archive-date=13 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213190815/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-havana|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1154/cuba---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|title=Cuba - United Kingdom BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=3 June 2024|archive-date=20 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240220225738/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1154/cuba---united-kingdom-bit-1995-|url-status=live}} and a Political Dialogue and Co-operation Agreement.{{Cite web|last=Rutley|first=David|author-link=David Rutley|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-minister-visits-cuba-to-agree-new-cooperation-agreement|title=UK Minister visits Cuba to agree new cooperation agreement|date=21 November 2023|website=GOV.UK|access-date=3 April 2024|archive-date=21 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121204344/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-minister-visits-cuba-to-agree-new-cooperation-agreement|url-status=live}}

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Dominica}}{{Date table sorting|1978}}See Foreign relations of Dominica

The UK established diplomatic relations with Dominica on 13 December 1978.

  • Dominica maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|title=Welcome to the Dominica High Commission in the United Kingdom|url=https://www.dominicahighcommission.co.uk/|website=The High Commission for the Commonwealth of Dominica|access-date=13 April 2024}}
  • United Kingdom is not accredited to Dominica through a high commission; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Bridgetown.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-barbados/office/honorary-british-consul-dominica-roseau|title=Honorary British Consul Dominica|website=GOV.UK|access-date=13 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240412232609/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-barbados/office/honorary-british-consul-dominica-roseau|archive-date=12 April 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Dominica from 1763 to 1978, when Dominica achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.

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Dominican Republic}}1850See Dominican Republic–United Kingdom relations

File:Memorandum of Understanding on Bilateral Co-operation between the United Kingdom and the Dominican Republic (7413203868).jpg Carlos Morales Troncoso in London, June 2012.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Domican Republic on 6 March 1850.

  • Dominican Republic maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=Dominican Republic|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/dominican-republic/|date=5 February 2018|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=1 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004346/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/dominican-republic/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Dominican Republic from its embassy in Santo Domingo.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-santo-domingo|title=British Embassy Santo Domingo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=27 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626170339/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-santo-domingo|archive-date=26 June 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Maritime Boundary Agreement.

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El Salvador}}1883See El Salvador–United Kingdom relations

File:Entrega de Credenciales de Gran Bretania y República Dominicana 2.jpg Bernhard Garside with Salvadoran President Salvador Sánchez Cerén in San Salvador, March 2015.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with El Salvador in 1883.{{Better source needed|reason=The source only states the year when El Salvador and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

  • El Salvador maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=El Salvador|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/uruguay/|date=30 April 2019|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=2 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250207170245/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/el-salvador/|archive-date=7 February 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in San Salvador.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-san-salvador|title=British Embassy San Salvador|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250211195014/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-san-salvador|archive-date=11 February 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement.

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Grenada}}{{Date table sorting|1974}}See Grenada–United Kingdom relations
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Guatemala}}1837See Guatemala–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Guatemala on 12 July 1837.

  • Guatemala maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=25 April 2017|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/guatemala/|title=Guatemala|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=24 March 2025|archive-date=24 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250324200304/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/guatemala/|url-status=live}}
  • United Kingdom is accredited to Guatemala from its embassy in Guatemala City.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-guatemala|title=British Embassy Guatemala City|website=GOV.UK|access-date=11 April 2024|archive-date=11 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411022832/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-guatemala|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement.

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Haiti}}1859See Haiti–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Haiti on 13 May 1859.

  • Haiti maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Port-au-Prince.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-port-au-prince|title=British Embassy Port-au-Prince|website=GOV.UK|access-date=28 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707040341/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-port-au-prince|archive-date=7 July 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1855/haiti---united-kingdom-bit-1985-|title=Haiti - United Kingdom BIT (1985)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=8 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811043818/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1855/haiti---united-kingdom-bit-1985-|archive-date=11 August 2022|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Honduras}}1849See Foreign relations of Honduras

The UK established diplomatic relations with Honduras on 16 June 1849.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Honduras and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

  • Honduras maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Honduras through an embassy; the UK is accredited to Honduras through its embassy in Guatemala City.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-honduras|title=British Embassy Guatemala City (for Honduras)|website=GOV.UK|access-date=11 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411101938/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-honduras|archive-date=11 April 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the Mosquito Coast from 1638 to 1787 and 1816 to 1819.

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement.

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Jamaica}}{{Date table sorting|1962}}See Jamaica–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Jamaica on 2 August 1962. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Jamaica maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 November 2015|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/jamaica/|title=Jamaica|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=5 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429154312/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/jamaica/|archive-date=29 April 2017|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Jamaica through its high commission in Kingston.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-jamaica|title=British High Commission Kingston|website=GOV.UK|access-date=13 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230830093850/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-jamaica|archive-date=30 August 2023|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Jamaica from 1655 to 1962, when Jamaica achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2147/jamaica---united-kingdom-bit-1987-|title=Jamaica - United Kingdom BIT (1987)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=12 August 2024|archive-date=30 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530143950/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2147/jamaica---united-kingdom-bit-1987-|url-status=live}}

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Mexico}}{{Date table sorting|1826}}See Mexico–United Kingdom relations

File:President of Mexico 2015 state visit to UK.jpg Enrique Peña Nieto during his state visit in London, March 2015.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Mexico on 26 December 1826.

  • Mexico maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=22 June 2023|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/mexico/|title=Mexico|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=22 April 2025|archive-date=19 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250219035402/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/mexico/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Mexico through its embassy in Mexico City, and a consulate general in Cancún.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-mexico-city|title=British Embassy Mexico City|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601004909/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-mexico-city|archive-date=1 June 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of CPTPP, the G20, the International Criminal Court, the OECD, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/mexico-tax-treaties|date=7 June 2011|title=Mexico: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=22 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171851/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/mexico-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2545/mexico---united-kingdom-bit-2006-|title=Mexico - United Kingdom BIT (2006)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=30 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811044653/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2545/mexico---united-kingdom-bit-2006-|archive-date=11 August 2022|url-status=live}} and a Trade Continuity Agreement.{{cite web|last=James|first=William|title=Britain and Mexico agree deal on post-Brexit trade|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/britain-mexico-trade/britain-and-mexico-agree-deal-on-post-brexit-trade-idUKL1N2IV13M|website=Reuters|date=15 December 2020|access-date=30 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823122202/https://www.reuters.com/article/britain-mexico-trade/britain-and-mexico-agree-deal-on-post-brexit-trade-idUKL1N2IV13M/|archive-date=23 August 2023|url-status=live}} Additionally the two countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.{{cite news|last=Smout|first=Alistair|date=20 May 2022|title=Britain launches free trade deal talks with Mexico|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/britain-launches-free-trade-deal-talks-with-mexico-2022-05-20/|website=Reuters|access-date=16 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520154051/https://www.reuters.com/world/britain-launches-free-trade-deal-talks-with-mexico-2022-05-20/|archive-date=20 May 2022|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Nicaragua}}{{Date table sorting|1859}}See Foreign relations of Nicaragua

File:Nicaraguan Foreign Minister (11069197143).jpg Samuel Santos López in London, November 2013.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Nicaragua on 18 January 1859.

  • Nicaragua maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Nicaragua from its embassy in San Jose, Costa Rica; there is no British embassy in Nicaragua.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-managua|title=British Embassy San Jose (for Nicaragua)|website=GOV.UK|access-date=21 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240513160326/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-managua|archive-date=13 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have an investment agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2678/nicaragua---united-kingdom-bit-1996-|title=Nicaragua - United Kingdom BIT (1996)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=4 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501192426/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2678/nicaragua---united-kingdom-bit-1996- |archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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Panama}}{{Date table sorting|1908}}See Foreign relations of Panama

File:Boris Johnson with Juan Carlos Varela in London - 2018 (27232646267).jpg Juan Carlos Varela in London, May 2018.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Panama on 9 April 1908.

  • Panama maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Panama from its embassy in Panama City.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-panama-city|title=British Embassy Panama City|website=GOV.UK|access-date=13 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613110517/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-panama-city|archive-date=13 June 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Trade Continuity Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have an investment agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2738/panama---united-kingdom-bit-1983-|title=Panama - United Kingdom BIT (1983)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=13 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227034140/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2738/panama---united-kingdom-bit-1983-|archive-date=27 February 2024|url-status=live}}

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Saint Kitts and Nevis}}{{#invoke:dts|main|1983}}See Saint Kitts and Nevis–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Saint Kitts and Nevis on 19 September 1983. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Saint Kitts and Nevis maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis from its high commission in Bridgetown; there is no British high commission in Saint Kitts and Nevis.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/st-kitts-and-nevis|title=UK help and services in St Kitts and Nevis|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207201654/https://www.gov.uk/world/st-kitts-and-nevis|archive-date=7 December 2023|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Saint Kitts and Nevis from the 17th century to 1983, when Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Saint Lucia}}{{Date table sorting|1979}}See Foreign relations of Saint Lucia

File:Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (5666300185).jpg Stephenson King in London, April 2011.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Saint Lucia on 22 February 1979. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Saint Lucia maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|url=https://uk.embassy.gov.au/lhlh/home.html|title=High Commission for Saint Lucia|website=Government of Saint Lucia|access-date=30 March 2024}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to its high commission in Castries.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-castries|title=British High Commission Saint Lucia|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906162105/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-castries|archive-date=6 September 2023|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Saint Lucia from 1803 to 1979, when Saint Lucia achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the UK–CARIFORUM Continuity Trade Agreement.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}{{Date table sorting|1979}}See Saint Vincent and the Grenadines–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Saint Vincent and the Grenadines on 27 October 1979. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|url=https://www.svghighcom.co.uk/site/General.html|title=General|website=High Commission for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, UK|access-date=18 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703085518/https://www.svghighcom.co.uk/site/General.html|archive-date=3 July 2022|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to its high commission in Kingstown.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kingstown|title=British High Commission Kingstown|website=GOV.UK|access-date=18 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240818051550/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-kingstown|archive-date=18 August 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as part of the Windward Islands colony from 1833 to 1979, when Saint Vincent and the Grenadines achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Trinidad and Tobago}}{{Date table sorting|1962}}See Trinidad and Tobago–United Kingdom relations

File:Prince Charles official visit to Trinidad and Tobago (2330914143).jpg Charles in Trinidad and Tobago, March 2008.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Trinidad and Tobago on 31 August 1962.

  • Trinidad and Tobago maintains a high commission in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 February 2015|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/trinidad-and-tobago/|title=Trinidad and Tobago|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=10 July 2025|archive-date=13 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513003953/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/north-america/trinidad-and-tobago/|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to its high commission in Port of Spain.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-trinidad-and-tobago|title=British High Commission Port of Spain|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250125215220/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-trinidad-and-tobago|archive-date=25 January 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Trinidad and Tobago from 1797 to 1962, when Trinidad and Tobago achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/trinidad-and-tobago-tax-treaties|date=2 January 2014|title=Trinidad and Tobago: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171948/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/trinidad-and-tobago-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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United States}}{{Date table sorting|1785}}See United Kingdom–United States relations

File:Starmer-Trump bilateral 2025-02-27-22-06-A.jpg Donald Trump in the White House, February 2025.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with the United States on 1 June 1785. UK–US diplomatic relations is commonly described as the "Special Relationship".

  • The United States maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the United States through its embassy in Washington, D.C.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-washington|title=British High Embassy Washington|website=GOV.UK|access-date=19 January 2024}}

The UK governed the United States from 1585 to 1783, when the United States achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,{{cite news|last=Politi|first=James|date=19 September 2023|title=US unveils Atlantic co-operation pact|website=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/56706df4-f39b-4ab5-8acf-b252176d172d|access-date=19 January 2024|location=Washington, D.C.|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119085952/https://www.ft.com/content/56706df4-f39b-4ab5-8acf-b252176d172d|archive-date=19 January 2024|url-status=live}} AUKUS, Five Eyes, the G7, the G20, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the UKUSA Agreement, the UNSC P5, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilateral the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/usa-tax-treaties|date=1 July 2005|title=USA: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623105502/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/usa-tax-treaties|archive-date=23 June 2025|url-status=live}} an Economic Prosperity Deal,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/us-uk-economic-prosperity-deal-epd|date=8 May 2025|title=UK-US Economic Prosperity Deal (EPD)|website=GOV.UK|access-date=10 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250628134053/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/us-uk-economic-prosperity-deal-epd|archive-date=28 June 2025|url-status=live}} and a Mutual Defence Agreement.

= Oceania =

class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
style="width:15%;"| Country

! style="width:12%;" | Since

!Notes

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|{{#invoke:flag

Australia}}{{Date table sorting|1936}}See Australia–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends CHOGM Summit in Samoa -Day 2 (54091709068).jpg Anthony Albanese at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Australia in March 1936.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Australia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}} Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Australia maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Australia through its high commission in Canberra, the UK also maintains consulate generals in Brisbane, Melbourne, and Sydney, additionally the United Kingdom maintains a consulate in Perth.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-canberra|title=British High Commission Canberra|website=GOV.UK|access-date=19 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224223220/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-canberra|archive-date=24 February 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Australia from the late 18th century until 1942, when Australia achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of AUKUS, the Commonwealth, CPTPP, Five Eyes, the Five Power Defence Arrangements, the G20, the International Criminal Court, OECD, the UKUSA Agreement, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Climate and Energy Partnership,{{Cite web|last=Coates|first=Jessica|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/anthony-albanese-keir-starmer-australia-samoa-climate-crisis-b2635403.html|title=Australia and UK announce new deal to tackle climate crisis at Samoa|date=25 October 2024|website=The Independent|access-date=26 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241111171846/https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/anthony-albanese-keir-starmer-australia-samoa-climate-crisis-b2635403.html|archive-date=11 November 2024|url-status=live}} Defence Agreement,{{cite web|last1=Fildes|first1=Nic|last2=Pfeifer|first2=Sylvia|title=Australia and Britain sign defence pact in face of rising Chinese power|date=21 March 2024|url=https://www.ft.com/content/5ed52635-ea20-41f7-91c8-038fc6fedb41|work=Financial Times|url-access=subscription|access-date=21 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240321113611/https://www.ft.com/content/5ed52635-ea20-41f7-91c8-038fc6fedb41|archive-date=21 March 2024|url-status=live}} a Double Taxation Agreement,{{Cite web|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/GB/United-Kingdom/ZW/Zimbabwe|title=United Kingdom - Australia Tax Treaty (2003)|website=Orbitax|access-date=13 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250113002008/https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/AU/Australia/GB/United-Kingdom|archive-date=13 January 2025|url-status=live}} a Free Trade Agreement,{{Cite web|last=Nelson|first=Eshe|date=15 June 2021|title=Britain Signs Its First Major Post-Brexit Trade Deal With Australia|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/15/business/britain-australia-trade-deal.html|url-access=subscription|website=The New York Times|location=London|access-date=26 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615112316/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/15/business/britain-australia-trade-deal.html|archive-date=15 June 2021|url-status=live}} and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.{{cite web|author=Department of Health and Social Care|title=UK reciprocal healthcare agreements with non-EU countries|url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/uk-reciprocal-healthcare-agreements-with-non-eu-countries|access-date=24 June 2024|website=GOV.UK|date=27 March 2024 |archive-date=13 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613092749/https://www.gov.uk/guidance/uk-reciprocal-healthcare-agreements-with-non-eu-countries#new-zealand|url-status=live}}

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Fiji}}{{Date table sorting|1970}}See Fiji–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Cameron meets the Prime Minister of Fiji, Hon. Sitiveni Rabuka (53712702090).jpg Sitiveni Rabuka in London, May 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Fiji on 10 October 1970.

  • Fiji maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|url=https://www.foreignaffairs.gov.fj/fiji-high-commission-london-united-kingdom/|title=Fiji High Commission in London|website=Fiji High Commission in London - United Kingdom|access-date=4 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124125519/https://www.foreignaffairs.gov.fj/fiji-high-commission-london-united-kingdom/|archive-date=24 January 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Fiji through its high commission in Suva.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-suva|title=British High Commission Suva|website=GOV.UK|access-date=5 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520101359/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-suva|archive-date=20 May 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Fiji from 1874 until 1970, when Fiji achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Pacific States–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement.{{cite web|last=Partington|first=Richard|date=14 March 2019|title=UK signs post-Brexit trade deal with Fiji and Papua New Guinea|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/mar/14/uk-signs-post-brexit-trade-deal-with-fiji-and-papua-new-guinea|website=The Guardian|access-date=6 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190315041527/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/mar/14/uk-signs-post-brexit-trade-deal-with-fiji-and-papua-new-guinea|archive-date=15 March 2019|url-status=live}} Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=

19 October 2008|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-suva|title=Fiji: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=4 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328113608/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/fiji-tax-treaties|archive-date=28 March 2019|url-status=live}}

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Kiribati}}{{Date table sorting|1979}}See Kiribati–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Kiribati on 12 July 1979.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Kiribati and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Kiribati does not maintain a high commission in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Kiribati through a high commission; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Suva, Fiji.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/kiribati|title=UK help and services in Kiribati|website=GOV.UK|access-date=21 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910045356/https://www.gov.uk/world/kiribati|archive-date=10 September 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Kiribati from 1892 until 1979, when Kiribati achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.{{Cite web|url=https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/KI/Kiribati/GB/United-Kingdom|title=Kiribati - United Kingdom Tax Treaty (as amended through 1974 Arrangement)|access-date=21 January 2025|website=Orbitax|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250121163927/https://orbitax.com/taxhub/taxtreaties/KI/Kiribati/GB/United-Kingdom|archive-date=21 January 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Marshall Islands}}{{Date table sorting|1992}}See Foreign relations of the Marshall Islands

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Marshall Islands on 2 February 1992.

  • The Marshall Islands does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Marshall Islands through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Suva, Fiji.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-marshall-islands|title=British Embassy Marshall Islands|website=GOV.UK|access-date=30 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514142951/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-marshall-islands|archive-date=14 May 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Tax Information Exchange Agreement.{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue & Customs|author-link=HM Revenue and Customs|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/marshall-islands-tax-treaties/uk-marshall-islands-tax-information-exchange-agreement-exchange-of-information-in-force|title=UK-Marshall Islands Tax Information Exchange Agreement: exchange of information - in force|date=8 November 2017|access-date=30 January 2025|website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250130160527/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/marshall-islands-tax-treaties/uk-marshall-islands-tax-information-exchange-agreement-exchange-of-information-in-force|archive-date=30 January 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Nauru}}{{Date table sorting|1977}}See Nauru–United Kingdom relations

File:Nauru Independence Day.jpg with Nauruan President Hammer DeRoburt on Nauru Independence Day, January 1968.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Nauru on 1 December 1977.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Nauru and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=July 2025}}

  • Nauru does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Nauru through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Honiara, Solomon Islands.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/british-embassy-or-high-commission-nauru|title=British embassy or high commission in Nauru|website=GOV.UK|access-date=11 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250710231954/https://www.gov.uk/world/british-embassy-or-high-commission-nauru|archive-date=10 July 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK officially governed Nauru jointly with Australia and New Zealand from 1914 until 1968, when Nauru achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, and the United Nations.

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|{{#invoke:flag

New Zealand}}{{Date table sorting|1939}}See New Zealand–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends CHOGM Summit in Samoa (54089666216).jpg Christopher Luxon at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with New Zealand in March 1939. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • New Zealand maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to New Zealand through its high commission in Wellington, in addition to a consulate general in Auckland.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-wellington|title=British High Commission Wellington|website=GOV.UK|access-date=19 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118103947/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-wellington|archive-date=18 January 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed New Zealand from 1840 until 1947, when New Zealand achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, CPTPP, Five Eyes, the Five Power Defence Arrangements, the International Criminal Court, OECD, the UKUSA Agreement, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have Free Trade Agreement, and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Niue}}N/ASee Foreign relations of Niue

The UK has not established diplomatic relations with Niue; the UK does not recognise Niue to be a sovereign nation.

  • Niue does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Niue through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Wellington, New Zealand.

The UK governed Niue from 1900 to 1901, when Niue was transferred to New Zealand.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Papua New Guinea}}{{Date table sorting|1975}}See Papua New Guinea–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary James Cleverly visits Papua New Guinea (52829685765).jpg James Marape in Port Moresby, April 2023.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Papua New Guinea on 16 September 1975. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Papua New Guinea maintains a high commission in London.{{cite web|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/oceania/papua-new-guinea/|title=Papua New Guinea|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=15 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250621072428/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/oceania/papua-new-guinea/|archive-date=21 June 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Fiji through its high commission in Port Moresby.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-port-moresby|title=British High Commission Port Moresby|website=GOV.UK|access-date=15 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250711113050/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-port-moresby|archive-date=11 July 2025|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Papua New Guinea from 1884 until 1906, when the territory was transferred to Australia.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Pacific States–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=22 February 2007|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/papua-new-guinea-tax-treaties|title=Papua New Guinea: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=15 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428224410/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/papua-new-guinea-tax-treaties|archive-date=28 April 2025|url-status=live}}, an Investment Agreement,{{cite web|title=Papua New Guinea - United Kingdom BIT (1981)|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2741/papua-new-guinea---united-kingdom-bit-1981-|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=15 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501194839/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2741/papua-new-guinea---united-kingdom-bit-1981-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}} and a Security Agreement.{{cite web|last=Otu|first=Aizowe|date=20 April 2023|url=https://www.ict.gov.pg/18718/|title=PNG signs Security Agreement with United Kingdom|website=Department of Information and Communications Technology|access-date=15 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250711035526/https://www.ict.gov.pg/18718/|archive-date=11 July 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Samoa}}{{Date table sorting|1970}}See Foreign relations of Samoa

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends CHOGM Summit in Samoa -Day 2 (54091506729).jpg Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024.]]

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|{{#invoke:flag

Solomon Islands}}{{Date table sorting|1978}}See Solomon Islands–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with the Solomon Islands on 7 July 1978. Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

  • Solomon Islands does not maintain a high commission in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to the Solomon Islands through its high commission in Honiara.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-honiara|title=British High Commission Honiara|website=GOV.UK|access-date=25 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424012933/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-honiara|archive-date=24 April 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed the Solomon Islands from 1893 until 1978, when the Solomon Islands achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Pacific States–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement.{{cite web|author=Solomon Islands Government|date=5 January 2021|title=Solomon Islands Accession onto the UK-Pacific interim Economic Partnership Agreement|url=http://www.mfaet.gov.sb/media-center/press-releases/external-trade-news/211-si-accession-uk-pacific-interim-epa.html |website=Solomon Islands Government Ministry of Foreign Affairs and External Trade|access-date=6 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128030351/http://www.mfaet.gov.sb/media-center/press-releases/external-trade-news/211-si-accession-uk-pacific-interim-epa.html|archive-date=28 January 2021|url-status=live}} Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.{{Cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=30 December 2013|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/solomon-islands-tax-treaties|title=Solomon Islands: tax treaties|access-date=28 April 2025|website=GOV.UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328113744/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/solomon-islands-tax-treaties|archive-date=28 March 2019|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Tonga}}{{Date table sorting|1879}}See Foreign relations of Tonga

The United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Tonga established formal mutual diplomatic recognition in 1879.[https://www.britannica.com/place/Tonga/History "Tonga: History"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809010732/https://www.britannica.com/place/Tonga/History |date=9 August 2020}}, Encyclopædia Britannica Tonga was then a British protectorate from 1900 to 1970, whereupon diplomatic relations resumed at the level of sovereign states.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Vanuatu}}{{Date table sorting|1980}}See Foreign relations of Vanuatu

The UK established diplomatic relations with Vanuatu on 30 July 1980.

  • Vanuatu does not maintain a high commission in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Vanuatu through its high commission in Port Vila.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-vanuatu|title=British High Commission Port Vila|website=GOV.UK|access-date=23 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240820110022/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-vanuatu|archive-date=20 August 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Vanuatu jointly with France from 1906 until 1980, when Vanuatu achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have signed an Investment Agreement.{{cite web|title=United Kingdom - Vanuatu BIT (2003)|url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3064/united-kingdom---vanuatu-bit-2003-|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=23 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811052711/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3064/united-kingdom---vanuatu-bit-2003-|archive-date=11 August 2022|url-status=live}}

= South America =

class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
style="width:15%;" | Country

! style="width:12%;" | Since

!Notes

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|{{#invoke:flag

Argentina}}{{Date table sorting|1825}}See Argentina–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends the G20 Summit in Brazil (54149827241).jpg Javier Milei at a G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Argentina on 2 February 1825.

  • Argentina maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=15 July 2016|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/argentina/|title=Argentina|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=5 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004036/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/argentina/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Argentina through its embassy in Buenos Aires.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-buenos-aires|title=British Embassy Buenos Aires|website=GOV.UK|access-date=5 June 2025|archive-date=25 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525230937/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-buenos-aires|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=21 February 2014|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/argentina-tax-treaties|title=Argentina: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=5 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171713/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/argentina-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}} and an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/161/argentina---united-kingdom-bit-1990-|title=Argentina - United Kingdom BIT (1990)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=5 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250216115524/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/161/argentina---united-kingdom-bit-1990-|archive-date=16 February 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Bolivia}}{{Date table sorting|1840}}See Bolivia–United Kingdom relations

File:Ambassador of Bolivia to the United Kingdom (12950792173).jpg

The UK established diplomatic relations with Bolivia on 29 September 1840.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Bolivia and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=January 2025}}

  • Bolivia maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 March 2012|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/bolivia/|title=Bolivia|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=2 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004348/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/bolivia/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Bolivia through its embassy in La Paz.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bolivia|title=British Embassy La Paz|website=GOV.UK|access-date=2 June 2025|archive-date=26 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250526103523/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bolivia|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=29 March 2005|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/bolivia-tax-treaties|title=Bolivia: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=2 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171728/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/bolivia-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Brazil}}{{Date table sorting|1827}}See Brazil–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends the G20 Summit in Brazil (54152335090).jpg Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva at a G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Brazil on 17 August 1827.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tMq1D6Bs0woC |title=Manual de referencia de tratados comerciales latinoamericanos |publisher=United States Tariff Commission |year=1941 |pages=69 |language=es}}{{Better source needed|reason=The source does not state when Brazil and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations. It simply states when Brazil and the UK signed a Treaty of Navigation and Commerce|date=September 2024}}

  • Brazil maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/embaixada-londres/the-embassy|title=The Embassy|website=GOV.BR|language=Portuguese|access-date=31 March 2024|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117040755/https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/embaixada-londres/the-embassy|archive-date=17 January 2024}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Brazil through its embassy in Brasília, and consulates in Belo Horizonte, Recife, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-brazil|title=British Embassy Brasilia|website=GOV.UK|access-date=31 March 2024|archive-date=31 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331100008/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-brazil|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, the G20, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Chile}}{{Date table sorting|1823}}See Chile–United Kingdom relations

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends the G20 Summit in Brazil (54150303287).jpg Gabriel Boric at a G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, November 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Chile on 14 September 1823.

  • Chile maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=20 May 2019|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/chile/|title=Chile|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=21 May 2025|language=en-UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513004020/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/chile/|archive-date=13 May 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Chile through its embassy in Santiago.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-chile|title=British Embassy Santiago|website=GOV.UK|access-date=16 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240415021105/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-chile|archive-date=15 April 2024|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of CPTPP, the International Criminal Court, OECD, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Association Agreement,{{cite news|last=Mander|first=Benedict|url=https://www.ft.com/content/54c17880-263f-11e9-8ce6-5db4543da632|website=Financial Times|title=Is Chile a Brexit seer?|date=1 February 2019|access-date=26 November 2023|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190203063157/https://www.ft.com/content/54c17880-263f-11e9-8ce6-5db4543da632|archive-date=3 February 2019|url-status=live}} and a Double Taxation Convention.{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=1 July 2005|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/chile-tax-treaties|title=Chile: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=21 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171734/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/chile-tax-treaties|archive-date=8 April 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Colombia}}{{Date table sorting|1825}}See Colombia–United Kingdom relations

File:Theresa May welcomes Colombian President Santos to 10 Downing street.jpg Juan Manuel Santos in Downing Street, November 2016.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Colombia on 18 April 1825.

  • Colombia maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Colombia through its embassy in Bogotá.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-embassy-colombia|title=British Embassy Bogotá|website=GOV.UK|access-date=8 February 2024|archive-date=3 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203015135/https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-embassy-colombia|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the OECD, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Andean Countries–UK Free Trade Agreement.{{cite web|last=Taj|first=Mitra|website=Reuters|title=Peru, Ecuador and Colombia sign trade deal with UK ahead of Brexit|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brexit-peru-idUSKCN1SL2LW|date=15 May 2019|access-date=26 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515211443/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brexit-peru-idUSKCN1SL2LW/|archive-date=15 May 2019|url-status=live}} Bilaterally the two countries havea Cultural Agreement, a Double Taxation Agreement, an Investment Agreement,{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1010/colombia---united-kingdom-bit-2010-|title=Colombia - United Kingdom BIT (2010)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=5 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814063123/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/1010/colombia---united-kingdom-bit-2010-|archive-date=14 August 2022|url-status=live}} a Partnership for Sustainable Growth,{{Cite web|author=British Embassy Bogotá|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/colombia-and-the-united-kingdom-renew-their-strategic-partnership-on-climate-and-nature|date=

13 January 2023|title=Colombia and the United Kingdom renew their strategic partnership on climate and nature|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113194019/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/colombia-and-the-united-kingdom-renew-their-strategic-partnership-on-climate-and-nature|archive-date=13 January 2023|url-status=live}} and a Security Agreement.{{Cite web|last=Freeman|first=Daniel|url=https://colombiareports.com/colombia-united-kingdom-sign-security-agreement/|date=21 January 2014|title=Colombia and United Kingdom sign security agreement|website=Colombia Reports|access-date=5 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604231838/https://colombiareports.com/amp/colombia-united-kingdom-sign-security-agreement/|archive-date=4 June 2024|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Ecuador}}{{Date table sorting|1853}}See Foreign relations of Ecuador

The UK established diplomatic relations with Ecuador on 29 January 1853.{{failed verification|reason=The source does not state when Ecuador and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations.|date=February 2025}}

  • Ecuador maintains an embassy in London.{{cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|date=1 October 2012|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/ecuador/|title=Ecuador|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=13 March 2025|language=en-UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250307190029/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/ecuador/|archive-date=7 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Ecuador through its embassy in Quito.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-in-ecuador|title=British Embassy Quito|website=GOV.UK|access-date=13 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250311162110/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-in-ecuador|archive-date=11 March 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Andean countries–UK Free Trade Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.{{cite web|author=HM Revenue and Customs|date=8 August 2024|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ecuador-tax-treaties|title=Ecuador: tax treaties|website=GOV.UK|access-date=13 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221093413/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ecuador-tax-treaties|archive-date=21 February 2025|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Guyana}}{{Date table sorting|1966}}See Foreign relations of Guyana

File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends CHOGM Summit in Samoa -Day 2 (54092122963).jpg Irfaan Ali at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Guyana on the 26 May 1966.

  • Guyana maintains a high commission in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Guyana through its high commission in Georgetown.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-georgetown|title=British High Commission Georgetown|website=GOV.UK|access-date=2 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601231743/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-georgetown|archive-date=1 June 2024|url-status=live}}

The UK governed Guyana from 1803 to 1966, when Guyana achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1852/guyana---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|title=Guyana - United Kingdom BIT (1989)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=2 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227113129/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/1852/guyana---united-kingdom-bit-1989-|archive-date=27 February 2024|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Paraguay}}{{Date table sorting|1853}}See Paraguay–United Kingdom relations

File:Foreign Secretary David Cameron visits Paraguay - 53542267706.jpg Santiago Peña in Asuncion, February 2024.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Paraguay on 4 March 1853.

  • Paraguay maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Paraguay through its embassy in Asunción.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-asuncion|title=British Embassy Asunción|website=GOV.UK|access-date=1 January 2025|archive-date=29 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241229134409/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-asuncion|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2749/paraguay---united-kingdom-bit-1981-|title=Paraguay - United Kingdom BIT (1981)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=1 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501194237/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/2749/paraguay---united-kingdom-bit-1981-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Peru}}{{Date table sorting|1823}}See Peru–United Kingdom relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Peru on 10 October 1823.

  • Peru maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Peru through its embassy in Lima.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-peru |title=British Embassy Lima |website=GOV.UK|access-date=3 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315001227/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-peru|archive-date=15 March 2023|url-status=live}}

Both countries are members of CPTPP, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Andean Countries–UK Free Trade Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2758/peru---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|title=Peru - United Kingdom BIT (1993)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=3 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222210757/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/2758/peru---united-kingdom-bit-1993-|archive-date=22 February 2024|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Suriname}}{{Date table sorting|1976}}See Foreign relations of Suriname

The UK established diplomatic relations with Suriname on 31 March 1976.

  • Suriname does not maintain an embassy in the UK.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Suriname through an embassy.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/suriname|title=UK help and services in Suriname|website=GOV.UK|access-date=27 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211124143/https://www.gov.uk/world/suriname|archive-date=11 December 2023|url-status=live}}

England governed Suriname from 1650 to 1667, when Suriname was ceded to the Netherlands. The UK occupied Suriname from 1799 until 1816.{{cite web|last=Drepaul |first=Milton |url=http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/12377129-suriname-plans-to-join-the-commonwealth |title=Suriname plans to join the Commonwealth |date=13 June 2012|website=AllVoices|access-date=27 April 2024|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625094503/http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/12377129-suriname-plans-to-join-the-commonwealth |archive-date=25 June 2013}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,{{Cite x|name=U.S. Department of State | Science Diplomacy USA|user=SciDiplomacyUSA|number=1753508458756735072|date=2 February 2024|title=The Partnership for Atlantic Cooperation welcomes Suriname! The United States looks forward to working with Suriname to tackle shared challenges facing the Atlantic region & the health of our ocean.|url=https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1753508458756735072|access-date=12 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240412134027/https://twitter.com/SciDiplomacyUSA/status/1753508458756735072|archive-date=12 April 2024|url-status=live}} the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement,{{cite web|last=Jayawardena|first=Ranil|date=5 March 2021|title=Suriname signs CARIFORUM-UK EPA|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/suriname-signs-cariforum-uk-epa |website=GOV.UK|access-date=11 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718174034/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/suriname-signs-cariforum-uk-epa|archive-date=18 July 2023|url-status=live}} and Caribbean Development Bank.

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|{{#invoke:flag

Uruguay}}{{Date table sorting|1833}}See United Kingdom–Uruguay relations

File:Prime Minister Boris Johnson Bilateral with President of Uruguay (52092855197).jpg Luis Lacalle Pou in Downing Street, May 2022.]]

The UK established diplomatic relations with Uruguay in 1833.

  • Uruguay maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=Uruguay|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/uruguay/|date=30 April 2019|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=2 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241231211938/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/uruguay/|archive-date=31 December 2024|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Uruguay through its embassy in Montevideo.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-montevideo|title=British Embassy Montevideo|website=GOV.UK|access-date=5 August 2024|archive-date=5 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805110606/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-montevideo|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3062/united-kingdom---uruguay-bit-1991-|title=United Kingdom - Uruguay BIT (1991)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=5 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209025756/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bilateral-investment-treaties/3062/united-kingdom---uruguay-bit-1991-|archive-date=9 December 2022|url-status=live}}

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|{{#invoke:flag

Venezuela}}{{Date table sorting|1834}}See United Kingdom–Venezuela relations

The UK established diplomatic relations with Venezuela on 29 October 1834.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

  • Venezuela maintains an embassy in London.{{Cite web|author=Diplomat Magazine|title=Venezuela|url=https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/venezuela/|date=31 March 2020|website=Diplomat Magazine|access-date=31 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325014242/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/venezuela/|archive-date=25 March 2025|url-status=live}}
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Venezuela through its embassy in Caracas.{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-venezuela|title=British Embassy Caracas|website=GOV.UK|access-date=31 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325014242/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/south-america/venezuela/|archive-date=25 March 2025|url-status=live}}

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.{{Cite web |url=https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/3065/united-kingdom---venezuela-bolivarian-republic-of-bit-1995-|title=United Kingdom - Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of BIT (1995)|website=UN Trade and Development|access-date=24 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501190808/https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/treaties/bit/3065/united-kingdom---venezuela-bolivarian-republic-of-bit-1995-|archive-date=1 May 2021|url-status=live}}

Sovereignty disputes

File:Antarctica, territorial claims.svg Marie Byrd Land.

{{legend|#FAAC3B|Argentina}}

{{legend|#FAC17F|Australia}}

{{legend|#A2DBE3|Chile}}

{{legend|#8697CC|France}}

{{legend|#81CAA3|New Zealand}}

{{legend|#DB9ACE|Norway}}

{{legend|#F4837A|United Kingdom}}

]]
File:Gibraltar National Day 027 (9719742224) (2).jpg celebrations in 2013]]

List of territorial disputes involving the United Kingdom:

class="wikitable sortable"

! Territory

! width=160px|Claimants

! class="unsortable"|Notes

Antarctica

|{{#invoke:flag

United Kingdom}}
{{*}}{{#invoke:flag		British Antarctic Territory}}
{{#invoke:flag		Argentina}}
{{*}}{{#invoke:flag		Argentine Antarctica}}
{{#invoke:flag		Chile}}
{{*}}{{#invoke:flag		Chilean Antarctic Territory}}

|See Territorial claims in Antarctica

The United Kingdom claims the area between {{nowrap|20°W}} and {{nowrap|80°W}} as a British Overseas Territory. The area between 25°W and 53°W overlaps Argentina's claim. The area between 74°W and 80°W overlaps Chile's claim. The area between 53°W and 74°W overlaps the claims of both Argentina and Chile.{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2007/oct/19/climatechange.fossilfuels | work=The Guardian | location=London | title=Argentina ready to challenge Britain's Antarctic claims | first=Owen | last=Bowcott | date=19 October 2007 | access-date=2 May 2010 | archive-date=22 September 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922194001/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2007/oct/19/climatechange.fossilfuels | url-status=live}}

Chagos Archipelago

|{{#invoke:flag

United Kingdom}}
{{*}}{{#invoke:flag		British Indian Ocean Territory}}
{{#invoke:flag		Mauritius}}

|See Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute

The United Kingdom de facto administers the archipelago as the British Indian Ocean Territory. Mauritius claims the islands. On 22 May 2025, Mauritius and the United Kingdom signed a deal to hand sovereignty over to Mauritius; the dispute will end once the deal is ratified by both parties.{{cite web|last1=Sheppard|first1=David|last2=Ring |first2=Suzi|last3=Parker|first3=George|last4=Clover|first4=Charlie|last5=Pilling|first5=David|url=https://www.ft.com/content/2402978e-cf62-4a1e-8a0c-8bb85af85d8c|date=22 May 2025|title=UK to pay £101mn a year as it signs Chagos Islands deal|location=London|url-access=subscription|website=Financial Times|access-date=22 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250522143900/https://www.ft.com/content/2402978e-cf62-4a1e-8a0c-8bb85af85d8c|archive-date=22 May 2025|url-status=live}}

Rock of Gibraltar

|{{#invoke:flag

United Kingdom}}
{{*}}{{#invoke:flag		Gibraltar}}
{{#invoke:flag		Spain}}

|See Status of Gibraltar

The United Kingdom de facto governs Gibraltar as a British Overseas Territory. Spain claims Gibraltar, disputing the interpretation of the Treaty of Utrecht, as well as the location of the border. Gibraltarians voted overwhelmingly to remain under British sovereignty in 1967 and 2002.

Falkland Islands

|{{#invoke:flag

United Kingdom}}
{{*}}{{#invoke:flag		Falkland Islands}}
{{#invoke:flag		Argentina}}

|See Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute

The United Kingdom de facto governs the Falkland Islands as a British Overseas Territory. Argentina claims the Islands as part of its Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands province. In 1982, the dispute escalated when Argentina invaded the islands during the Falklands War. In 2013, the Falkland Islanders voted overwhelmingly to remain a British Overseas Territory.

Rockall Bank

|{{#invoke:flag

United Kingdom}}
{{#invoke:flag		Iceland}}
{{#invoke:flag		Ireland}}
{{#invoke:flag		Denmark}}
{{*}}{{#invoke:flag		Faroe Islands}}

|See Rockall Bank dispute

Rockall is an uninhabited islet located within the exclusive economic zone of the UK. Ireland, Denmark, Iceland, and the UK have all made submissions to the commission set up under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).{{cite news|author=The Irish Times|date=8 June 2019|title=Who owns Rockall? A history of disputes over a tiny Atlantic island|newspaper=The Irish Times|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/who-owns-rockall-a-history-of-disputes-over-a-tiny-atlantic-island-1.3919668|access-date=7 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608170724/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/who-owns-rockall-a-history-of-disputes-over-a-tiny-atlantic-island-1.3919668|archive-date=8 June 2019|url-status=live}}

South Georgia,
South Sandwich Islands

|{{#invoke:flag

United Kingdom}}
{{*}}{{#invoke:flag		South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}}
{{#invoke:flag		Argentina}}

|See South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands sovereignty dispute

The United Kingdom de facto governs South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands as a British Overseas Territory. Argentina claims the Islands as part of its Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands province. In 1982, the dispute escalated when Argentina invaded South Georgia during the Falklands War.

Commonwealth of Nations

File:Commonwealth of Nations.svg.]]

The UK has varied relationships with the countries that make up the Commonwealth of Nations which originated from the British Empire. Charles III of the United Kingdom is Head of the Commonwealth and is King of 15 of its 56 member states. Those that retain the King as head of state are called Commonwealth realms. Over time several countries have been suspended from the Commonwealth for various reasons. Zimbabwe was suspended because of the authoritarian rule of its President.{{Cite web|url=http://www.dfat.gov.au/intorgs/commonwealth/aus_comm_3.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501105104/http://www.dfat.gov.au/intorgs/commonwealth/aus_comm_3.html|url-status=dead|title=The Commonwealth of Nations - Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade|archive-date=1 May 2008}}

International organisations

{{See also|United Kingdom and the United Nations}}

The United Kingdom is a member of the following international organisations:{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-kingdom/ |title=CIA World Factbook - United Kingdom |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=2011-03-10 |archive-date=9 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109221834/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-kingdom/ |url-status=live}}

  • ACP - Atlantic Co-operation Pact
  • ADB - Asian Development Bank (nonregional member)
  • AfDB - African Development Bank (nonregional member)
  • Arctic Council (observer)
  • Australia Group
  • BIS - Bank for International Settlements
  • Commonwealth of Nations
  • CBSS - Council of the Baltic Sea States (observer)
  • CDB - Caribbean Development Bank
  • Council of Europe
  • CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research
  • CPTPP - Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans–Pacific Partnership
  • EAPC - Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
  • EBRD - European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  • ESA - European Space Agency
  • FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization
  • FATF - Financial Action Task Force
  • G7 - Group of Seven
  • G10 - Group of Ten
  • G20 - Group of Twenty
  • IADB - Inter-American Development Bank
  • IAEA - International Atomic Energy Agency
  • IBRD - International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (also known as the World Bank)
  • ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organization
  • ICC - International Chamber of Commerce
  • ICCt - International Criminal Court
  • ICRM - International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
  • IDA - International Development Association
  • IEA - International Energy Agency
  • IFAD - International Fund for Agricultural Development
  • IFC - International Finance Corporation
  • IFRCS - International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
  • IHO - International Hydrographic Organization
  • ILO - International Labour Organization
  • IMF - International Monetary Fund
  • IMO - International Maritime Organization
  • IMSO - International Mobile Satellite Organization
  • Interpol - International Criminal Police Organization
  • IOC - International Olympic Committee
  • IOM - International Organization for Migration
  • IPU - Inter-Parliamentary Union
  • ISO - International Organization for Standardization
  • ITSO - International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
  • ITU - International Telecommunication Union
  • ITUC - International Trade Union Confederation
  • MIGA - Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
  • MONUSCO - United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
  • NEA - Nuclear Energy Agency
  • NSG - Nuclear Suppliers Group
  • OAS - Organization of American States (observer)
  • OECD - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
  • OPCW - Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
  • OSCE - Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
  • Paris Club
  • PCA - Permanent Court of Arbitration
  • PIF - Pacific Islands Forum (partner)
  • SECI - Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (observer)
  • UN - United Nations
  • UNSC - United Nations Security Council
  • UNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
  • UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
  • UNFICYP - United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
  • UNHCR - United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
  • UNMIS - United Nations Mission in Sudan
  • UNRWA - United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
  • UPU - Universal Postal Union
  • WCO - World Customs Organization
  • WHO - World Health Organization
  • WIPO - World Intellectual Property Organization
  • WMO - World Meteorological Organization
  • WTO - World Trade Organization
  • Zangger Committee - (also known as the Nuclear Exporters Committee)

See also

References

Bibliography

  • Casey, Terrence. The Blair Legacy: Politics, Policy, Governance, and Foreign Affairs (2009) [https://www.amazon.com/Blair-Legacy-Politics-Governance-Foreign/dp/0230216625/ excerpt and text search]
  • Daddow, Oliver, and Jamie Gaskarth, eds. British foreign policy: the New Labour years (Palgrave, 2011)
  • Daddow, Oliver. "Constructing a ‘great’ role for Britain in an age of austerity: Interpreting coalition foreign policy, 2010–2015." International Relations 29.3 (2015): 303-318.
  • Dickie, John. The New Mandarins: How British Foreign Policy Works (2004)
  • Dumbrell, John. A special relationship: Anglo-American relations from the Cold War to Iraq (2006)
  • Finlan, Alastair. Contemporary Military Strategy and the Global War on Terror: US and UK Armed Forces in Afghanistan and Iraq 2001-2012 (2014)
  • Gallagher, Julia. "Healing the scar? Idealizing Britain in Africa, 1997–2007." African Affairs 108.432 (2009): 435-451 [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Julia-Gallagher-3/publication/249289692_Healing_The_Scar_Idealizing_Britain_in_Africa_1997-2007/links/56eabf8408ae95fa33c85abf/Healing-The-Scar-Idealizing-Britain-in-Africa-1997-2007.pdf online]
  • Honeyman, V. C. "From Liberal Interventionism to Liberal Conservatism: the short road in foreign policy from Blair to Cameron." British Politics (2015). [http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/90411/ abstract]
  • Lane, Ann. Strategy, Diplomacy and UK Foreign Policy (Palgrave Macmillan, 2010)
  • Leech, Philip, and Jamie Gaskarth. "British Foreign Policy and the Arab Spring." Diplomacy & Statecraft 26#1 (2015).
  • Lunn, Jon, Vaughne Miller, Ben Smith. "British foreign policy since 1997 - Commons Library Research Paper RP08/56" (UK House of Commons, 2008) 123pp [http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/RP08-56.pdf online]{{Dead link|date=September 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}
  • Magyarics, Tamas. [https://www.e-ir.info/2019/03/13/balancing-in-central-europe-great-britain-and-hungary-in-the-1920s/ Balancing in Central Europe: Great Britain and Hungary in the 1920s]
  • Seah, Daniel. "The CFSP as an aspect of conducting foreign relations by the United Kingdom: With Special Reference to the Treaty of Amity & Cooperation in Southeast Asia" International Review of Law (2015) "[https://dx.doi.org/10.5339/irl.2015.1 online]
  • Seton-Watson, R. W. Britain in Europe (1789–1914): A Survey of Foreign Policy (1937) [https://archive.org/download/in.ernet.dli.2015.226175/2015.226175.Britain-In.pdf online]
  • Stephens, Philip. Britain Alone: The Path from Suez to Brexit (2021) [https://www.amazon.com/Britain-Alone-Path-Suez-Brexit/dp/0571341772/ excerpted]
  • Whitman, Richard G. "The calm after the storm? Foreign and security policy from Blair to Brown." Parliamentary Affairs 63.4 (2010): 834–848. [https://purehost.bath.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/283584/Whitman_ParlAff_2010_63_4_834.pdf online]
  • Williams, Paul. British Foreign Policy under New Labour (2005)

=Primary sources=

  • Blair, Tony. A Journey: My Political Life (2010)
  • Howe, Geoffrey. Conflict of Loyalty (1994), memoir covers 1983 to 1989 [https://archive.org/details/conflictofloyalt0000howe/page/n5/mode/2up online]

{{UK bilateral relations}}{{Policies of the United Kingdom}}{{Foreign relations of Europe}}

{{United Kingdom topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Foreign Relations Of The United Kingdom}}