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rhodopsin-like receptors#Subfamily A14

{{Short description|Family of proteins}}

{{Pfam_box

| Symbol = 7tm_1

| Name = Rhodopsin-like receptors

| image = PDB 1f88 EBI.jpg

| width =

| caption = Structure of rhodopsin: A G protein-coupled receptor.{{cite journal |vauthors=Palczewski K, Kumasaka T, Hori T, etal |title=Crystal structure of rhodopsin: A G protein-coupled receptor |journal=Science |volume=289 |issue=5480 |pages=739–45 |date=August 2000 |pmid=10926528 |doi= 10.1126/science.289.5480.739|bibcode=2000Sci...289..739P }}

| Pfam= PF00001

| Pfam_clan=GPCR_A

| InterPro= IPR000276

| SMART=

| PROSITE = PDOC00211

| SCOP = 1f88

| TCDB =

| OPM family= 6

| OPM protein= 1gzm

| CDD = cd00637

| PDB=

{{PDB3|1U19}} {{PDB3|2R4R}} {{PDB3|2R4S}} {{PDB3|2RH1}} {{PDB3|1f88}}, {{PDB3|1hzx}}, {{PDB3|1l9h}}, {{PDB3|2g87}}, {{PDB3|2hpy}}, {{PDB3|2i35}}, {{PDB3|2i36}}, {{PDB3|2i37}}, {{PDB3|2j4y}}, {{PDB3|2ped}}

}}

Rhodopsin-like receptors are a family of proteins that comprise the largest group of G protein-coupled receptors.{{cite journal |vauthors=Attwood TK, Findlay JB |title=Fingerprinting G-protein-coupled receptors |journal=Protein Eng. |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=195–203 |year=1994 |pmid=8170923 |doi=10.1093/protein/7.2.195}}

Scope

G-protein-coupled receptors, GPCRs, constitute a vast protein family that encompasses a wide range of functions (including various autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine processes). They show considerable diversity at the sequence level, on the basis of which they can be separated into distinct groups. GPCRs are usually described as "superfamily" because they embrace a group of families for which there are indications of evolutionary relationship, but between which there is no statistically significant similarity in sequence. The currently known superfamily members include the rhodopsin-like GPCRs (this family), the secretin-like GPCRs, the cAMP receptors, the fungal mating pheromone receptors, and the metabotropic glutamate receptor family. There is a specialised database for GPCRs.{{cite web |url=http://www.gpcr.org/7tm/data/ |title=Information system for G protein-coupled receptors |work=GPCRDB |publisher=www.gpcr.org |access-date=2008-12-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422020837/http://www.gpcr.org/7tm/data/ |archive-date=2009-04-22 }}

Function

The rhodopsin-like GPCRs themselves represent a widespread protein family that includes hormone, neuropeptide, neurotransmitter, and light receptors, all of which transduce extracellular signals through interaction with guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins. Although their activating ligands vary widely in structure and character, the amino acid sequences of the receptors are very similar and are believed to adopt a common structural framework comprising 7 transmembrane (TM) helices.{{cite journal |author=Birnbaumer L |title=G proteins in signal transduction |journal=Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. |volume=30 |pages=675–705 |year=1990|pmid=2111655 |doi=10.1146/annurev.pa.30.040190.003331}}{{cite journal |vauthors=Gilman AG, Casey PJ |title=G protein involvement in receptor-effector coupling |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=263 |issue=6 |pages=2577–2580 |year=1988|doi=10.1016/S0021-9258(18)69103-3 |pmid=2830256 |doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Attwood TK, Findlay JB |title=Design of a discriminating fingerprint for G-protein-coupled receptors |journal=Protein Eng. |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=167–176 |year=1993 |pmid=8386361 |doi=10.1093/protein/6.2.167}}

Classes

Rhodopsin-like GPCRs have been classified into the following 19 subgroups (A1-A19) based on a phylogenetic analysis.{{cite journal |vauthors=Joost P, Methner A | title=Phylogenetic analysis of 277 human G-protein-coupled receptors as a tool for the prediction of orphan receptor ligands | journal=Genome Biol | year= 2002 | volume=3 | issue=11 | pages=research0063.1–0063.16 | pmid= 12429062 | doi=10.1186/gb-2002-3-11-research0063 | pmc=133447 | doi-access=free }}

=Subfamily A1=

=Subfamily A2=

=Subfamily A3=

=Subfamily A4=

=Subfamily A5=

=Subfamily A6=

=Subfamily A7=

=Subfamily A8=

=Subfamily A9=

=Subfamily A10=

=Subfamily A11=

=Subfamily A12=

=Subfamily A13=

=Subfamily A14=

=Subfamily A15=

=Subfamily A16=

=Subfamily A17=

=Subfamily A18=

=Subfamily A19=

=Unclassified=

  • Olfactory receptor {{InterPro|IPR000725}}
  • Nematode chemoreceptor (multiple, including {{InterPro|IPR000344}}{{InterPro|IPR019424}})
  • Taste receptor type 2{{cite journal |vauthors= Nordström KJ, Sällman Almén M, Edstam MM, Fredriksson R, Schiöth HB |title= Independent HHsearch, Needleman—Wunsch-based, and motif analyses reveal the overall hierarchy for most of the G protein-coupled receptor families |journal= Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume= 28 |issue= 9 |pages= 2471–80 |date= September 2011 |pmid= 21402729 |doi= 10.1093/molbev/msr061|doi-access= free }} {{InterPro|IPR007960}}
  • Vomeronasal receptor type 1 {{InterPro|IPR004072}}
  • VN1R1
  • VN1R2
  • VN1R3
  • VN1R4
  • VN1R5

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

{{Refbegin}}

  • {{cite web|url=http://www.gpcr.org/7tm/multali/multali.html |title=GPCRDB (G Protein-Coupled Receptor Data Base): sequence-derived data. |access-date=2007-12-10 |vauthors=Vriend G, Horn F, Oliveira L, Bywater RP, Cohen FE |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114110706/http://www.gpcr.org/7tm/multali/multali.html |archive-date=2007-11-14 |url-status=dead }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Horn F, Bettler E, Oliveira L, Campagne F, Cohen FE, Vriend G | title = GPCRDB information system for G protein-coupled receptors | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 31 | issue = 1 | pages = 294–7 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12520006 | doi = 10.1093/nar/gkg103 | pmc = 165550 }} This database includes multiple sequence alignments of all GPCR families and sub-families.

{{Refend}}

{{G protein-coupled receptors}}

Category:G protein-coupled receptors

Category:Protein domains

Category:Protein families