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List of consonants

{{short description|none}}

This is a list of all the consonants which have a dedicated letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet, plus some of the consonants which require diacritics, ordered by place and manner of articulation.

{{IPA pulmonic consonants}}

{{IPA non-pulmonic consonants|notes=no}}

{{IPA co-articulated consonants}}

Ordered by [[place of articulation]]

=[[Labial consonant]]s=

(articulated by using the lips)

==[[Bilabial consonant]]s==

==[[Labiodental consonant]]s==

=[[Bidental consonant]]s=

=[[Coronal consonant]]s=

(articulated by using the tip of the tongue)

==[[Dental consonant]]s==

==[[Alveolar consonant]]s==

==[[Postalveolar consonant]]s==

===[[Alveolo-palatal consonant|Palatalized postalveolar consonants]]===

===[[Retroflex consonant]]s===

=[[Dorsal consonant]]s=

(articulated with the middle of the tongue)

==[[Palatal consonant]]s==

===[[Labialized palatal consonant]]s===

==[[Velar consonant]]s==

===[[Labialized velar consonant]]s===

===[[Labial–velar consonant]]s===

==[[Uvular consonant]]s==

=[[Laryngeal consonant]]s=

(articulated with the throat)

==[[Pharyngeal consonant]]s==

==[[Glottal consonant]]s==

Ordered by [[manner of articulation]]

;Pulmonic consonants

=[[Nasal consonant|Nasal (stop) consonants]]=

=[[Stop consonant|Plosive (stop) consonants]]=

=[[Fricative consonant]]s=

;Sibilant fricatives

;Central non-sibilant fricatives

;Lateral fricatives

;both fricatives and approximants

;Pseudo-fricatives

=[[Affricate consonant]]s=

;Sibilant affricates

;Non-sibilant affricates

;Lateral affricates

=[[Approximant consonant]]s=

=[[Flap consonant|Flap (tap) consonant]]s=

=[[Trill consonant]]s=

=[[Lateral consonant]]s=

;Approximants

;Fricatives

;Affricates

;Flaps

;Ejective

;Clicks

=[[Ejective consonant]]s=

;Plosives

;Affricates

;Fricatives

=[[Implosive consonant]]s=

=[[Labialization|Labialized consonants]]=

;Plosives

;Fricatives

;Approximants

=[[Palatalization (phonetics)|Palatalized consonants]]=

=[[Pharyngealization|Pharyngealized consonants]]=

=[[Velarization|Velarized consonants]]=

=[[Glottalization|Glottalized consonants]]=

==[[Glottalization#Glottal reinforcement|Reinforced airstream]]==

==[[Glottalization|Blocked airstream]]==

==[[Creaky voice|Restricted airstream]]==

==[[Breathy voice|Whispery voice]]==

=[[Click consonant]]s=

The less common clicks, such as are found in Taa, are not included.

;Simple clicks

;Glottalized clicks

;Pulmonic-contour clicks

;Ejective-contour clicks

=[[Percussive consonant]]s=

These are not found in any language, but occur as phonetic detail or through speech defects.

See also

{{IPA navigation}}

Category:Consonants

Category:Linguistics lists

{{DEFAULTSORT:Consonants}}